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| 1 | Developing superior alleles of yield genes in rice by artificial mutagenesis using the CRISPR/Cas9 system显示文摘Rice yield is an important and complex agronomic trait controlled by multiple genes.In recent decades,dozens of yield-associated genes in rice have been cloned,many of which can increase production in the form of loss or degeneration of function.However,mutations occurring randomly under natural conditions have provided very limited genetic resources for yield increases.In this study,potentially yield-increasing alleles of two genes closely associated with yield were edited artificially.The recently developed CRISPR/Cas9system was used to edit two yield genes:Grain number 1a(Gn1a)and DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE1(DEP1).Several mutants were identified by a target sequence analysis.Phenotypic analysis confirmed one mutant allele of Gn1a and three of DEP1 conferring yield superior to that conferred by other natural high-yield alleles.Our results demonstrate that favorable alleles of the Gnla and DEP1 genes,which are considered key factors in rice yield increases,could be developed by artificial mutagenesis using genome editing technology. | Liyu Huang Ru Zhang Guangfu Huang Yanxia Li Getachew Melaku Shilai Zhang Haitao Chen Yanjuan Zhao Jing Zhang Yesheng Zhang Fengyi Hu | 2018 | The Crop Journal2018，6，5： | 8 |
| 2 | Integrated Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrient Management inTropical Agro-Ecosystems:A Review显示文摘The greatest challenge for tropical agriculture is land degradation and reduction in soil fertility for sustainable crop and livestock production.Associated problems include soil erosion,nutrient mining,competition for biomass for multiple uses,limited application of inorganic fertilizers,and limited capacity of farmers to recognize the decline in soil quality and its consequences on productivity.Integrated soil fertility management(ISFM) is an approach to improve crop yields,while preserving sustainable and long-term soil fertility through the combined judicious use of fertilizers,recycled organic resources,responsive crop varieties,and improved agronomic practices,which minimize nutrient losses and improve the nutrient-use efficiency of crops.Soil fertility and nutrient management studies in Ethiopia under on-station and on-farm conditions showed that the combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizers significantly increased crop yields compared to either alone in tropical agro-ecosystems.Yield benefits were more apparent when fertilizer application was accompanied by crop rotation,green manuring,or crop residue management.The combination of manure and NP fertilizer could increase wheat and faba bean grain yields by 50%–100%,whereas crop rotation with grain legumes could increase cereal grain yields by up to 200%.Although organic residues are key inputs for soil fertility management,about 85% of these residues is used for livestock feed and energy;thus,there is a need for increasing crop biomass.The main incentive for farmers to adopt ISFM practices is economic benefits.The success of ISFM also depends on research and development institutions to provide technical support,technology adoption,information dissemination,and creation of market incentives for farmers in tropical agro-ecosystems. | Getachew AGEGNEHU Tilahun AMEDE | 2017 | Pedosphere2017，27，4： | 5 |
| 3 | Determinants of neonatal jaundice in Ethiopia:a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘Background Neonatal jaundice is a common condition characterized by a yellowish discoloration of the skin,conjunctiva,and sclera caused by elevated serum or plasma bilirubin levels during the newborn period.The condition is usually not dangerous,but it can progress to severe hyperbilirubinemia,which can lead to acute bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus,a bilirubin-induced neurological damage.Therefore,this study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of neonatal jaundice and its determinants in Ethiopia.Methods Scopus,PubMed,Google Scholar,Embase,and CINAHL databases were searched for studies published between January 1,2010 and July 30,2021.A weighted DerSimonian Laird random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of neonatal jaundice and its associated factors.The I2 was used to calculate the degree of heterogeneity.The funnel plot and Egger's regression test were used to assess publication bias.Results Totally 697 articles were generated from various databases,and the review included a total of eight articles.The pooled prevalence of neonatal jaundice was 30.96%[95%confidence interval(CI)16.61%–45.31%)]in Ethiopia.This review showed that prolonged labor[adjusted odd ratio(AOR)=3.39;95%CI 2.41–4.77),low birth weight(AOR=5.12;95%CI 3.11–8.72),birth asphyxia(AOR=3.75;95%CI 2.11–6.66),cephalohematoma(AOR=7.07;95%CI 2.72–18.38),ABO incompatibility(AOR=6.05;95%CI 2.95–12.42),Rhesus(RH)incompatibility(AOR=3.77;95%CI 2.04–6.96),male sex(AOR=4.53;95%CI 3.39–6.07),and neonatal sepsis(AOR=2.47;95%CI 1.49–4.08)were identified as a determining factor for neonatal jaundice in Ethiopia.Conclusions In low-and middle-income countries,neonatal jaundice is a significant healthcare burden,accounting for a significant portion of global childhood mortality and morbidity.However,some low-cost,effective,practical,and dependable solutions have been implemented.Prolonged labor,ABO incompatibility,RH incompatibility,birth asphyxia,neonatal sepsis,low birth weight,cephalohematoma,and male sex were identified as risk factors for neonatal jaundice in Ethiopia. | Habtamu Gebrehana Belay Getachew Arage Debebe Alemu Degu Ayele Bekalu Getnet Kassa Gedefaye Nibret Mihretie Mulugeta Dile Worke | 2022 | World Journal of Pediatrics2022，18，11： | 3 |
| 4 | Comprehensive review and performance evaluation of maximum power point tracking algorithms for photovoltaic system显示文摘A photovoltaic array is environmentally friendly and a source of unlimited energy generation.However,it is presently a costlier energy generation system than other non-renewable energy sources.The main reasons are seasonal variations and continuously changing weather conditions,which affect the amount of solar energy received by the solar panels.In addition,the non-linear characteristics of the voltage and current outputs along with the operating environment temperature and variation in the solar radiation decrease the energy conversion capability of the photovoltaic arrays.To address this problem,the global maxima of the PV arrays can be tracked using a maximum power point tracking algorithm(MPPT)and the operating point of the photovoltaic system can be forced to its optimum value.This technique increases the efficiency of the photovoltaic array and minimizes the cost of the system by reducing the number of solar modules required to obtain the desired power.However,the tracking algorithms are not equally effective in all areas of application.Therefore,selecting the correct MPPT is very critical.This paper presents a detailed review and comparison of the MPPT techniques for photovoltaic systems,with consideration of the following key parameters:photovoltaic array dependence,type of system(analog or digital),need for periodic tuning,convergence speed,complexity of the system,global maxima,implemented capacity,and sensed parameter(s).In addition,based on real meteorological data(irradiance and temperature at a site located in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia),a simulation is performed to evaluate the performance of tracking algorithms suitable for the application being studied.Finally,the study clearly validates the considerable energy saving achieved by using these algorithms. | Asegid Belay Kebede Getachew Biru Worku | 2020 | Global Energy Interconnection2020，3，4： | 3 |
| 5 | Review of sheep and goat pox disease: current updates on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures in Ethiopia显示文摘Sheep pox, goat pox, and lumpy skin diseases are economically significant and contagious viral diseases of sheep, goats and cattle, respectively, caused by the genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV) of the family Poxviridae. Currently, CaPV infection of small ruminants (sheep and goats) has been distributed widely and are prevalent in Central Africa, the Middle East, Europe and Asia. This disease poses challenges to food production and distribution, affecting rural livelihoods in most African countries, including Ethiopia. Transmission occurs mainly by direct or indirect contact with infected animals. They cause high morbidity (75-100% in endemic areas) and mortality (10-85%). Additionally, the mortality rate can approach 100% in susceptible animals. Diagnosis largely relies on clinical symptoms, confirmed by laboratory testing using real-time PCR, electron microscopy, virus isolation, serology and histology. Control and eradication of sheep pox virus (SPPV), goat pox virus (GTPV), and lumpy skin disease (LSDV) depend on timely recognition of disease eruption, vector control, and movement restriction. To date, attenuated vaccines originating from KSGPV O-180 strains are effective and widely used in Ethiopia to control CaPV throughout the country. This vaccine strain is clinically safe to control CaPV in small ruminants but not in cattle which may be associated with insufficient vaccination coverage and the production of low-quality vaccines. | Girma Zewdie Getaw Derese Belayneh Getachew Hassen Belay Mirtneh Akalu | 2021 | Animal Diseases2021，1，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and vermicompost on groundnut yield in Babile District, eastern Ethiopia显示文摘Groundnut is a major cash crop for smallholder farmers in several districts of eastern Ethiopia with low yield. Little or no fertilizer was applied for the crop possibly because no generic or recommended fertilizer and technology were available. Therefore, field experiments were conducted for 2 consecutive cropping seasons in Babile District, to investigate effects of applying mineral N and P fertilizer and vermicompost (VC) on seed yield and oil content of groundnut using an improved variety ‘BaHa-Gudo’. Treatments consisted of nitrogen (0,23 and 46 kg N/ha), phosphorus (0,46 and 92 kg P2O5/ha) and VC (0,2.5 and 5 t VC/ha). Results revealed that yield attributes, seed yield and seed oil content were significantly (p < 0.01) affected by fertilizers. Seed yield after combined application of 46 kg N, 46 kg P2O5 and 2.5 t VC/ha increased by about 113% compared to seed yield without any fertilizers. Enhancement in seed oil content at the aforementioned rate was 7.0%. It could, thus, be concluded that applying the aforementioned fertilizers would enable farmers to increase seed yield and oil content of groundnut for enhancing their income and livelihoods in the study area. | Getachew Bekele Nigussie Dechassa Tamado Tana J.J.Sharma | 2019 | Oil Crop Science2019，4，2： | 2 |
| 7 | Identification of system vulnerabilities in the Ethiopian electric power system显示文摘The Ethiopian Electric Power(EEP) has been operating and managing the national interconnected power system with dispersed and geographically isolated generators, a complex transmission system and loads. In recent years, with an increasing load demand due to rural electrification and industrialization, the Ethiopian power system has faced more frequent, widely spread and long lasting blackouts. To slash the occurrence of such incidents, identifying the system vulnerabilities is the first step in this direction. In this paper, the vulnerability assessment is performed using indices called active power performance index(PIp) and voltage performance index(PIv). These indices provide a direct means of comparing the relative severity of the different line outages on the system loads and voltage profiles. Accordingly, it is found that the most severe line outages are those lines that interconnect the high load centered(Addis Ababa and Central regions) with the rest of the regional power systems. In addition, the most vulnerable buses of the network in respect of voltage limit violations are mainly found at the high load centers. | Moges Alemu Tikuneh Getachew Biru Worku | 2018 | Global Energy Interconnection2018，1，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Relationships among tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) landrace populations revealed by isozyme markers and agronomic traits显示文摘 | Seifu Tsegaye Tesfaye Tesemma Getachew Belay | 1996 | Theoretical and Applied Genetics1996，，4： | 2 |
| 9 | Influence of variety and storage for up to 22 days on nutrient composition and gossypol level of Pima cottonseed ( Gossypium spp.)显示文摘 | P.H Robinson G Getachew E.J De Peters M.C Calhoun | 2001 | Animal Feed Science and Technology2001，，3： | 2 |
| 10 | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein inhibits the SIRT1 deacetylase and induces T cell hyperactivation 显示文摘 | Kwon HS Brent MM Getachew R | 2008 | Cell Host Microbe2008，3，3： | 1 |
| 11 | In vitro gas measur- ing techniques for assessment of nutritional quality of feeds: are- view显示文摘 | Getachew G Blummel M Makkar H P S | 1998 | Animal Feed Science and Technology1998，72，： | 1 |
| 12 | Is fine needle aspiration cytology a useful tool for the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis 显示文摘 | Getachew A Tesfahunegn Z | 1999 | East Afr Med J1999，76，5： | 1 |
| 13 | A modified form of the κ-ε model for turbulent flows of an incompressible fluid in porous media 显示文摘 | GETACHEW D MINKOWYCZ W LAGE J | 2000 | Int J Heat Mass Transfer2000，43，16： | 1 |
| 14 | Methane production from commercial dairy ra- tions estimated using an in vitro gas technique 显示文摘 | GETACHEW G ROBINSON P H DEPETERS E J | 2005 | An- imal Feed Science and Technology2005，，： | 1 |
| 15 | ln vitro rumen fermentation and gas production :influence of yellow grease, tallow, corn oil and their potas- sium soaps显示文摘 | Getachew G De Peters E J Robinson P H | 2001 | Animal Feed Sci Technol2001，93，： | 1 |
| 16 | A meta-analysis of the proportion of animalSalmonella isolates resistant to drugs used against humansalmonellosis in Ethiopia显示文摘 | GETACHEW T | 2015 | Tadesse BMC Infectious Diseases2015，15，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Labo- ratory variation of 24 h in vitro gas production and estimated metabo- lizable energy values of ruminant feeds 显示文摘 | GETACHEW G CROVETTO G M FONDEVILA M | 2002 | Anita Feed Sci Tech2002，102，： | 1 |
| 18 | Influence of variety and Storage for up to 22 Days on Nutrient Composition and Gossypol level of Pm a Cottonseed (Gossypium spp)显示文摘 | Robinson P H Getachew G Peters D E J | 2001 | Animal Feed Science and Technology2001，61，： | 1 |
| 19 | Influence of variety and Storage for up to 22 Days on Nutrient Composition and Gossypol level of Pm a Cottonseed (Gossypium spp)显示文摘 | Robinson P H Getachew G De Peters E J | 2001 | Animal Feed Science and Technology2001，61，： | 1 |
| 20 | Effect of inorganic and organic fertilizers on productivity of groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.)varieties in East Hararghe,Eastern Ethiopia显示文摘Groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is a high economic value oil crop commonly grown in low-land semi-arid areas of Ethiopia.The crop production is constrained by low soil fertility;however,the nutrient management practice has been given low attention.This study was therefore conducted during the main cropping season of 2015/2016 at Babile and Fedis sites of East Hararghe,Ethiopia to evaluate the growth,nodulation,and yield response of groundnut varieties to the application of combined mineral nitrogen,phosphorus,and vermicompost fertilizers,and zinc.Treatments consisted of a factorial combination of three varieties(Ba-ha-Gudo,Ba-ha-Jidu,and Roba);three fertilizers combinations(0:0 kg N:POhawith no VC,46:46 kg N:POhawith no VC,and 46:46 kg N:POhawith 2.5 t VC ha);and three rates of Zn(0,5,and 10 kg Zn ha)in a randomized complete block design at both sites.The growth,nodulation,yield components,and yield data were subjected to analysis by SAS.The result revealed that plant height was significantly affected by variety and fertilizers combination,the number of branches plant-1affected by the interaction of variety and fertilizers combination while canopy spread and nodulation parameters were affected by the interaction of variety,fertilizers combination,and Zn rate.Pod plant-1and hundred seed weight,dry biomass,pod and seed yields,and seed oil content were significantly affected by the interaction of variety,fertilizers combination,and Zn rate.The highest dry biomass(7.26 t ha),pod(3.13 t ha),seed(2.16 t ha)yields and seed oil content(51.3%),net benefit($1704.2 ha)with a marginal rate of return of 242%were obtained from variety Ba-ha Gudo received the combined application of 46:46 kg N:POhaand 2.5 t VC hawith 5 kg Zn ha.Therefore,it can be concluded that the Ba-ha Gudo variety is preferably produced using the combined application of 46:46 kg N:POhaand 2.5 t VC hawith 5kg Zn hafor high productivity in the study sites and similar agro-ecologies. | Getachew Bekele Nigussie Dechassa Tamado Tana | 2022 | Oil Crop Science2022，7，3： | 1 |
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