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| 1 | 应用DSSAT模型对吉林省黑土玉米最佳栽培技术的模拟和校验研究 Ⅰ.模型品种参数校验和产量的敏感性分析显示文摘目前,应用农业模型去寻找改进农业生态系统的最佳农艺措施被认为是比单一的田间试验更为有效的途径之一。在应用和引进模型当中,一个很关键的环节是确定模型的输入参数对产量和土壤养分的敏感性,因为在一个地区的敏感性并不能保证在其他地区具有同样的影响。正因为如此,本文对农业技术转化决策系统(DSSAT)模型的农业管理参数进行敏感性分析。在吉林省黑土(ollisols)地区,于2008年田间试验条件下进行玉米(Zea mays L.)生长模拟(叶面积指数,地上干物质,籽粒重量),应用当地平均产量和生长期对玉米品种参数进行校验。模拟结果的综合分析表明:玉米提前播种8~10d比正常播种减产大约10%;玉米产量随播种密度呈现抛物线趋势,既当低密度下,产量曲线递增,但是当密度大于5株m^-2时,产量增加平缓;产量和氮肥施用量呈典型的效应递减曲线,最佳施氮量为200~240kg hm^-2;最佳追肥时间为6月15日至6月28日。本研究证明DSSAT模型能够用于中国其他地区的玉米生长模拟,并且,本研究建立的敏感性分析方法能够用于其他作物,如水稻和小麦。进一步的研究需要包括测试土壤有机碳氮对作物生长管理参数的敏感性。 | 杨靖民 刘金华 窦森 杨靖一 Gerrit Hoogenboom | 2011 | 土壤学报2011，48，2： | 18 |
| 2 | Optimizing Parameters of CSM-CERES-Maize Model to Improve Simulation Performance of Maize Growth and Nitrogen Uptake in Northeast China显示文摘Crop models can be useful tools for optimizing fertilizer management for a targeted crop yield while minimizing nutrient losses.In this paper,the parameters of the decision support system for agrotechnology transfer(DSSAT)-CERES-Maize were optimized using a new method to provide a better simulation of maize(Zea mays L.) growth and N uptake in response to different nitrogen application rates.Field data were collected from a 5 yr field experiment(2006-2010) on a Black soil(Typic hapludoll) in Gongzhuling,Jilin Province,Northeast China.After cultivar calibration,the CERES-Maize model was able to simulate aboveground biomass and crop yield of in the evaluation data set(n-RMSE=5.0-14.6%),but the model still over-estimated aboveground N uptake(i.e.,with E values from-4.4 to-21.3 kg N ha-1).By analyzing DSSAT equation,N stress coefficient for changes in concentration with growth stage(CTCNP2) is related to N uptake.Further sensitivity analysis of the CTCNP2 showed that the DSSAT model simulated maize nitrogen uptake more precisely after the CTCNP2 coefficient was adjusted to the field site condition.The results indicated that in addition to calibrating 6 coefficients of maize cultivars,radiation use efficiency(RUE),growing degree days for emergence(GDDE),N stress coefficient,CTCNP2,and soil fertility factor(SLPF) also need to be calibrated in order to simulate aboveground biomass,yield and N uptake correctly.Independent validation was conducted using 2008-2010 experiments and the good agreement between the simulated and the measured results indicates that the DSSAT CERES-Maize model could be a useful tool for predicting maize production in Northeast China. | LIU Hai-long YANG Jing-yi HE Ping BAI You-lu JIN Ji-yun Craig F Drury ZHU Ye-ping YANGXue-ming LI Wen-juan XIE Jia-gui YANG Jing-min Gerrit Hoogenboom | 2012 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2012，11，11： | 13 |
| 3 | GIS在环保型养猪业区域规划中的应用显示文摘快速发展的养猪业在带来巨大社会效益和经济效益的同时也带来了许多环境问题,FAO从1998年开始启动了养殖业环境与发展项目,目的是为了在促进养殖业发展、增加经济效益的同时大幅度减少养殖业对环境的不利影响。该文是FAO项目中的一部分,主要是应用G IS技术工具,通过建立养猪业选址的指标体系,发展了可持续的畜牧业生产建设区域规划的决策辅助工具,以减少养猪业发展对环境带来的负面影响;并且将该技术在江西省的养猪大县万年县进行了具体的应用。 | 赵小敏 Gerrit J Carsjens Pierre Gerber | 2006 | 农业工程学报2006，22，9： | 12 |
| 4 | 基于DSSAT模型的吉林省黑土作物-土壤氮循环和土壤有机碳平衡显示文摘应用DSSAT模型中的CERES-Maize作物模型和Century土壤模型,分析了作物管理参数、施肥量、土壤初始氮含量和作物桔杆还田对吉林省黑土地区玉米生长、氮循环以及有机碳氮生态平衡的影响.结果表明:在玉米目标产量为12000~15000kg.hm-2条件下,最佳施氮肥量为200~240kgN.hm-2.在该氮肥用量下,玉米地上氮吸收量为250~290kgN.hm-2,其中,120~140kgN.hm-2来自土壤,130~150kgN.hm-2来自肥料;提高氮肥用量(250~420kgN.hm-2)将导致土壤残留氮明显增加(63~183kgN.hm-2);延迟追肥时间同样导致土壤残留氮增加;当玉米秸杆还田量超过6000kg.hm-2时,模拟的土壤活性有机碳、氮可以维持当年的供需平衡.建议在吉林省中部地区黑土玉米带,化肥施氮量控制在200~240kgN.hm-2,适时追肥,秸杆还田量在6000kg.hm-2以上,以确保高产和维持土壤养分生态平衡. | 杨靖民 窦森 杨靖一 Gerrit HOOGENBOOM 姜旭 张忠庆 姜洪威 贾丽慧 | 2011 | 应用生态学报2011，22，8： | 11 |
| 5 | A worldwide phylogenetic (Gramineae) II: An update classifications classification of the Poaceae and a comparison of two 2015显示文摘我们在场在 768 个类, 12 个亚科,七 supertribes, 52 个部落,五 supersubtribes,和 90 subtribes 的 11506 草种类的一个新全球种系发生的分类;并且比较在 2015 出版的草家庭的二个种系发生的分类(Soreng 等。并且凯洛格) 。亚科(在基于种的数字下顺序) 是有在 202 个类, 15 个部落,和 30 subtribes 的 3968 种类的 Pooideae;有在 247 个类, 13 个部落,和 19 subtribes 的 3241 种类的 Panicoideae;有在 125 个类,三个部落,和 15 subtribes 的 1670 种类的 Bambusoideae;有在 124 个类,五个部落,和 26 subtribes 的 1602 种类的 Chloridoideae;有在三个类的 367 种类的 Aristidoideae,和一个部落;有在 19 个类的 292 种类的 Danthonioideae,和一个部落;有在八个类的 184 种类的 Micrairoideae,和三个部落;有在 19 个类,四个部落,和二 subtribes 的 115 种类的 Oryzoideae;有在 14 个类,二个部落,和二 subtribes 的 40 种类的 Arundinoideae;有在三个类的 12 种类的 Pharoideae,和一个部落;有在二个类的 11 种类的 Puelioideae,和二个部落;并且有在二个类的四种的 Anomochlooideae,和二个部落。我们也包括在 subtribes,部落,和亚科之中说明层次关系的一棵光线的树。最新描述的 taxa 包括:supertribes Melicodae 和 Nardodae;supersubtribes Agrostidodinae, Boutelouodinae, Gouiniodinae, Loliodinae,和 Poodinae;并且 subtribes Echinopogoninae 和 Ventenatinae。 | Robert J. Soreng Paul M. Peterson Konstantin Romaschenko Gerrit Davidse Jordan K. Teisher Lynn G. Clark Patricia Barbera Lynn J. Gillespie Fernando O. Zuloaga | 2017 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2017，55，4： | 11 |
| 6 | A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae)显示文摘基于最近的分子、词法的研究我们在场 the ± 12074 草和地方的一个现代全球种系发生的分类 771 个草类进 12 个亚科( Anomochlooideae , Aristidoideae , Arundinoideae , Bambusoideae , Chloridoideae , Danthonioideae , Micraioideae , Oryzoideae , Panicoideae , Pharoideae , Puelioideae ,和 Pooideae ), 6 supertribes ( Andropogonodae , Arundinarodae , Bambusodae , Panicodae , Poodae , Triticodae ), 51 个部落( Ampelodesmeae , Andropogoneae , Ano 另外,我们包括在 subtribes,部落,和亚科之中说明层次关系的一棵光线的树。我们使用 subfamilial 名字, Oryzoideae,因为后者是开始被出版,在 Ehrhartoideae 上,一个错放的等级,和我们约束 Molinieae 包括 13 个 Arundinoideae 类。subtribe Calothecinae 最新被描述,部落 Littledaleeae 在那个等级是新的。 | Robert J. Soreng Paul M. Peterson Konstantin Romaschenko Gerrit Davidse Fernando O. Zuloaga Emmet J. Judziewicz Tarciso S. Filgueiras Jerrold I. Davis Osvaldo Morrone | 2015 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2015，53，2： | 10 |
| 7 | A Technological Overview of Biogas Production from Biowaste显示文摘当今时代,人类对化石燃料的不合理利用和温室气体对环境的影响,使研究者关注有机资源和垃圾的可持续能源转化。全球的能源需求非常大,主要能源来自化石能源。目前的研究认为厌氧消化是一种高效的可替代技术,其既能产生生物燃料,又能可持续地处理垃圾。在沼气工业,为了促进沼气的生成和提高质量,有几种不同的技术趋势。然而,投资厌氧消化的成功取决于原料成本低和沼气使用范围广(热能、电能和燃料)。在欧洲能源市场,沼气的生产一直在增长,为生物能源的发展提供了一条经济的替代选择。本文的目的是对由木质纤维素类的生物垃圾生产沼气进行综述,为沼气经济提供重要信息。 | Spyridon Achinas Vasileios Achinas Gerrit Jan Willem Euverink | 2017 | Engineering2017，3，3： | 8 |
| 8 | DSSAT作物模型的统计和图形校验方法显示文摘本文以玉米,大豆,马铃薯和冬小麦试验为例,详细讨论了DSSAT模型的统计校验和图形校验方法及其支持软件EasyGrapher的应用。结果指出:R2不是理想的模型校验统计,因为它是测量线性回归y=α+βx+ε的拟合度,其随机误差ε建立在正态性、相互独立和方差同质的假设之上。模型校验主要是检验残差di=yi-xi(y为测量值,x为模拟值),不是估计回归系数α、β。RMSE、E、EF和d都是比较好的校验模型残差的统计量,它们不需要遵循回归模型的基本假设,统计量的物理意义明确,大样本容量下统计校验更为可靠。图形校验是模型校验必不可少的辅助工具,当有测量数据时,时间序列和残差校验图形是两种最基本的图形校验方法;没有测量数据,模拟图形仍然能够检验模型输出之间或与时间的动态关系,辨析模拟误差或者错误。应用EasyGrapher软件可以快速进行DSSAT模型的图形校验和统计校验。 | 杨靖民 杨靖一 Hoogenboom Gerrit | 2012 | 植物营养与肥料学报2012，18，5： | 8 |
| 9 | Biodegradable magnesium barrier membrane used for guided bone regeneration in dental surgery显示文摘Barrier membranes are commonly used as part of the dental surgical technique guided bone regeneration(GBR)and are often made of resorbable collagen or non-resorbable materials such as PTFE.While collagen membranes do not provide sufficient mechanical protection of the covered bone defect,titanium reinforced membranes and non-resorbable membranes need to be removed in a second surgery.Thus,biodegradable GBR membranes made of pure magnesium might be an alternative.In this study a biodegradable pure magnesium(99.95%)membrane has been proven to have all of the necessary requirements for an optimal regenerative outcome from both a mechanical and biological perspective.After implantation,the magnesium membrane separates the regenerating bone from the overlying,faster proliferating soft tissue.During the initial healing period,the membrane maintained a barrier function and space provision,whilst retaining the positioning of the bone graft material within the defect space.As the magnesium metal corroded,it formed a salty corrosion layer and local gas cavities,both of which extended the functional lifespan of the membrane barrier capabilities.During the resorption of the magnesium metal and magnesium salts,it was observed that the membrane became surrounded and then replaced by new bone.After the membrane had completely resorbed,only healthy tissue remained.The in vivo performance study demonstrated that the magnesium membrane has a comparable healing response and tissue regeneration to that of a resorbable collagen membrane.Overall,the magnesium membrane demonstrated all of the ideal qualities for a barrier membrane used in GBR treatment. | Patrick Rider Zeljka Peric Kacarevic Akiva Elad Drazen Tadic Daniel Rothamel Gerrit Sauer Fabien Bornert Peter Windisch David Botond Hangyasi Balint Molnar Emely Bortel Bernhard Hesse Frank Witte | 2022 | Bioactive Materials2022，7，8： | 7 |
| 10 | 葡萄原花青素对感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响显示文摘本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加葡萄原花青素(GPC)对感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响。选用350只1日龄科宝-500(Cobb-500)健康肉仔鸡(公雏),随机分为5个组,每组7个重复,每个重复10只鸡。空白对照组和负对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮基础上添加7.5、15.0和30.0 mg/kg GPC的试验饲粮。14日龄时,负对照组和3个试验组每只肉仔鸡经口腔攻毒5×10^4个柔嫩艾美尔球虫卵囊,空白对照组每只肉仔鸡灌服同体积的生理盐水。试验期42 d,分为前期(1-21日龄)和后期(22-42日龄)2个阶段。结果表明:1)与空白对照组相比,负对照组肉仔鸡试验各阶段的平均日增重(ADG)均显著降低(P〈0.05),22-42日龄和1-42日龄时的料重比(F/G)显著增加(P〈0.05);饲粮中添加7.5和15.0 mg/kg GPC显著改善了柔嫩艾美尔球虫攻毒引起的22-42日龄和1-42日龄时ADG的降低和F/G的增加(P〈0.05);而饲粮中添加30.0 mg/kg GPC显著降低了22-42日龄时的ADG、平均日采食量(ADFI)和1-42日龄时的ADG(P〈0.05)。2)与负对照组相比,饲粮中添加GPC显著降低了肉仔鸡的盲肠病变评分、血便堆数和球虫卵囊排出数(P〈0.05)。3)饲粮中添加GPC显著抑制了柔嫩艾美尔球虫攻毒引起的肉仔鸡脾脏指数增加(P〈0.05);柔嫩艾美尔球虫攻毒引起T淋巴细胞转化率显著增加(P〈0.05),饲粮中添加7.5和15.0 mg/kg GPC使T淋巴细胞转化率进一步增加(P〉0.05);饲粮中添加7.5和15.0 mg/kg GPC可使B淋巴细胞转化率增加(P〉0.05);柔嫩艾美尔球虫攻毒引起外周血γδT细胞比例显著增加(P〈0.05),饲粮中添加15.0 mg/kg GPC使外周血γδT细胞比例进一步增加(P〉0.05)。4)与空白对照组相比,柔嫩艾美尔球虫攻毒显著增加了回肠上皮内淋巴细胞(IEL)数量和盲肠黏膜分泌型免疫球蛋白A(s Ig A)水平(P〈0.05),饲粮中添加7.5和15.0 mg/kg GPC使IEL数量和s Ig A水平进一步增加(P〈0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加GPC可提高感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫肉仔鸡的免疫功能,缓解柔嫩艾美尔球虫感染造成的生长抑制,其中7.5和15.0 mg/kg GPC的抗球虫效果较好。 | 杨金玉 张海军 王晶 岳洪源 武书庚 齐广海 官堃 GERRITS Gert Jan | 2016 | 动物营养学报2016，28，9： | 7 |
| 11 | 农业气象学在作物生产模拟及其应用中的作用显示文摘就作物模拟模型及其应用 ,以及气象因子在这些模拟应用中的重要性作了综合论述。为了说明气象和气候变率对作物生产的影响 ,农业气象要素 (包括最高和最低气温、太阳辐射及降水量 )被当作作物模拟模型的基本输入因子。多数作物模型使用的气象资料为逐日值 ,因为很多地区没有更小时间尺度的观测资料。气象及其它输入数据均采用标准文件格式 ,这有利于数据在不同模型中使用。如果输入因子缺少或数据丢失、无效 ,将会影响到作物模型模拟的准确性。利用天气发生器随机生成的逐日气象数据可以解决数据丢失或序列较短的问题。当然 ,模拟时要尽可能采用气象观测资料 ,以确保作物产量模拟值的准确性 ,这在热带地区显得尤其重要。许多作物模型用来进行产量预报和决策管理 ,作物产量及其相关变量的预测变率以及自然资源的利用主要由天气气候条件的短期与长期变化所致。模型的产品可用来制定相应的管理决策 ,提供给农户和其他关注农业生产的人们。作物模型也广泛应用于气候变化对农业生产和粮食安全性的影响研究。最近 ,作物模型又用于气候变率和厄尔尼诺与南方涛动 (ENSO)的影响研究。随着计算机的普及 ,农场主、农业咨询人员以及政策制定、决策者等模型的使用者也将越来越多。 | Gerrit Hoogenboom 苏高利 邓芳萍 | 2001 | 浙江气象2001，22，4： | 6 |
| 12 | Estimation of meteorological drought indices based on AgMERRA precipitation data and station-observed precipitation data显示文摘Meteorological drought is a natural hazard that can occur under all climatic regimes. Monitoring the drought is a vital and important part of predicting and analyzing drought impacts. Because no single index can represent all facets of meteorological drought, we took a multi-index approach for drought monitoring in this study. We assessed the ability of eight precipitation-based drought indices(SPI(Standardized Precipitation Index), PNI(Percent of Normal Index), DI(Deciles index), EDI(Effective drought index), CZI(China-Z index), MCZI(Modified CZI), RAI(Rainfall Anomaly Index), and ZSI(Z-score Index)) calculated from the station-observed precipitation data and the Ag MERRA gridded precipitation data to assess historical drought events during the period 1987–2010 for the Kashafrood Basin of Iran. We also presented the Degree of Dryness Index(DDI) for comparing the intensities of different drought categories in each year of the study period(1987–2010). In general, the correlations among drought indices calculated from the Ag MERRA precipitation data were higher than those derived from the station-observed precipitation data. All indices indicated the most severe droughts for the study period occurred in 2001 and 2008. Regardless of data input source, SPI, PNI, and DI were highly inter-correlated(R^2=0.99). Furthermore, the higher correlations(R^2=0.99) were also found between CZI and MCZI, and between ZSI and RAI. All indices were able to track drought intensity, but EDI and RAI showed higher DDI values compared with the other indices. Based on the strong correlation among drought indices derived from the Ag MERRA precipitation data and from the station-observed precipitation data, we suggest that the Ag MERRA precipitation data can be accepted to fill the gaps existed in the station-observed precipitation data in future studies in Iran. In addition, if tested by station-observed precipitation data, the Ag MERRA precipitation data may be used for the data-lacking areas. | Nasrin SALEHNIA Amin ALIZADEH Hossein SANAEINEJAD Mohammad BANNAYAN Azar ZARRIN Gerrit HOOGENBOOM | 2017 | Journal of Arid Land2017，9，6： | 6 |
| 13 | Colonoscopic yield of colorectal neoplasia in daily clinical practice显示文摘AIM:To assess the prevalence and location of ad-vanced neoplasia in patients undergoing colonoscopy,and to compare the yield per indication.METHODS:In a multicenter colonoscopy survey (n = 18 hospitals) in the Amsterdam area (Northern Holland),data of all colonoscopies performed during a three month period in 2005 were analyzed. The location and the histological features of all colonic neoplasia were recorded. The prevalence and the distribution ofadvanced colorectal neoplasia and differences in yield between indication clusters were evaluated. Advanced neoplasm was defi ned as adenoma > 10 mm in size,with > 25% villous features or with high-grade dyspla-sia or cancer.RESULTS:A total of 4623 eligible patients underwent a total colonoscopy. The prevalence of advanced neo-plasia was 13%,with 281 (6%) adenocarcinomas and 342 (7%) advanced adenomas. Sixty-seven percent and 33% of advanced neoplasia were located in the distal and proximal colon,respectively. Of all patients with right-sided advanced neoplasia (n = 228),51% had a normal distal colon,whereas 27% had a syn-chronous distal adenoma. Ten percent of all colono-scopies were performed in asymptomatic patients,7% of whom had advanced neoplasia. In the respective procedure indication clusters,the prevalence of right-sided advanced neoplasia ranged from 11%-57%. CONCLUSION:One out of every 7-8 colonoscopies yielded an advanced colorectal neoplasm. Colonoscopy is warranted for the evaluation of both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. | Jochim S Terhaar sive Droste Mike E Craanen Rene WM van der Hulst Joep F Bartelsman Dick P Bezemer Kim R Cappendijk Gerrit A Meijer Linde M Morsink Pleun Snel Hans ARE Tuynman Roy LJ van Wanrooy Eric IC Wesdorp Chris JJ Mulder | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，9： | 6 |
| 14 | The role of mechanotransduction versus hypoxia during simulated orthodontic compressive strain——an in vitro study of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts显示文摘During orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)mechanical forces trigger pseudo-inflammatory,osteoclastogenic and remodelling processes in the periodontal ligament(PDL)that are mediated by PDL fibroblasts via the expression of various signalling molecules.Thus far,it is unknown whether these processes are mainly induced by mechanical cellular deformation(mechanotransduction)or by concomitant hypoxic conditions via the compression of periodontal blood vessels.Human primary PDL fibroblasts were randomly seeded in conventional six-well cell culture plates with O2-impermeable polystyrene membranes and in special plates with gas-permeable membranes(Lumox?,Sarstedt),enabling the experimental separation of mechanotransducive and hypoxic effects that occur concomitantly during OTM.To simulate physiological orthodontic compressive forces,PDL fibroblasts were stimulated mechanically at 2 g·cm?2 for 48 h after 24 h of pre-incubation.We quantified the cell viability by MTT assay,gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)and protein expression by western blot/enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA).In addition,PDL-fibroblast-mediated osteoclastogenesis(TRAP+cells)was measured in a 72-h coculture with RAW264.7 cells.The expression of HIF-1α,COX-2,PGE2,VEGF,COL1A2,collagen and ALPL,and the RANKL/OPG ratios at the mRNA/protein levels during PDL-fibroblast-mediated osteoclastogenesis were significantly elevated by mechanical loading irrespective of the oxygen supply,whereas hypoxic conditions had no significant additional effects.The cellular–molecular mediation of OTM by PDL fibroblasts via the expression of various signalling molecules is expected to be predominantly controlled by the application of force(mechanotransduction),whereas hypoxic effects seem to play only a minor role.In the context of OTM,the hypoxic marker HIF-1αdoes not appear to be primarily stabilized by a reduced O2 supply but is rather stabilised mechanically. | Niklas Ullrich Agnes Schroder Jonathan Jantsch Gerrit Spanier Peter Proff Christian Kirschneck | 2019 | International Journal of Oral Science2019，11，4： | 5 |
| 15 | Role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in lung cancer显示文摘E3 ubiquitin ligases are a large family of proteins that catalyze the ubiquitination of many protein substrates for targeted degradation by the 26S proteasome.Therefore,E3 ubiquitin ligases play an essential role in a variety of biological processes including cell cycle regulation,proliferation and apoptosis.E3 ubiquitin ligases are often found overexpressed in human cancers,including lung cancer,and their deregulation has been shown to contribute to cancer development.However,the lack of specific inhibitors in clinical trials is a major issue in targeting E3 ubiquitin ligases with currently only one E3 ubiquitin ligase inhibitor being tested in the clinical setting.In this review,we focus on E3 ubiquitin ligases that have been found deregulated in lung cancer.Furthermore,we discuss the processes in which they are involved and evaluate them as potential anti-cancer targets.By better understanding the mechanisms by which E3 ubiquitin ligases regulate biological processes and their exact role in carcinogenesis,we can improve the development of specific E3 ubiquitin ligase inhibitors and pave the way for novel treatment strategies for cancer patients. | Barbara C Snoek Leonie HAM de Wilt Gerrit Jansen Godefridus J Peters | 2013 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2013，4，3： | 5 |
| 16 | 日粮中添加甜菜碱对猪能量代谢的影响显示文摘该试验主要在限能日粮的基础上添加甜菜碱,饲喂生长猪,然后对生长猪体内能量分配情况进行评定。试验中同样研究了由于日粮和猪舍的变化,猪的能量代谢的适应性随时间的变化情况。试验共分为2个处理,分别饲喂2种试验日粮:即对照日粮和甜菜碱日粮(甜菜碱添加量:1.29g/kg日粮),每个处理包括3组,每组14头猪。试验采用玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,设计配方时限制能量水平,但是提供足够的氨基酸。此次实验包括3周的预试阶段和3周的试验阶段。在进入试验阶段时,猪平均体重为46kg,一组猪占用一个呼吸室,并对环境进行一定控制从而测定呼吸产热,在试验过程中所有试验猪的日粮可能会发生改换。试验阶段的日粮用10%麦糠进行稀释。能量供给量为猪体维持需要的2.5倍,试验期间每周对猪产热量、能量和氮平衡状况进行测定。试验数据表明各组的能量代谢水平无显著差异(P>0.10),分析每个处理整个试验阶段的测定值的平均值,可看到添加甜菜碱显著降低了产热量(P<0.05),并有降低维持需要的趋势(P<0.10),同时具有提高能量贮存的趋势(P<0.10)。而且,对照组与甜菜碱组的产热量的差值随时间变化增加(P<0.05),类似地,对照组和甜菜碱组的维持需要的差值也随时间变化增加(P<0.05)。试验第一周,对照组和甜菜碱组的维持需要无差异,但是在第3周,甜菜碱组的降低了5.5%(对照组为452kJ/[kg0.75·d],甜菜碱组为477kJ/[kg0.75·d])。试验结果表明,日粮中添加甜菜碱会影响生长猪体内的能量分配。但是,根据对照组和试验组之间能量分配的差异与时间有关可以得出,日粮中添加甜菜碱并不会影响猪对日粮和猪舍变化的适应性。 | J. W. Schrama M. J.W.Heetkamp P. H. Simmins W. J. J. Gerrits 刘丽(译) 杨在宾(译) | 2008 | 饲料与畜牧(新饲料)2008，，5： | 5 |
| 17 | 雏鸡成功运输的关键问题显示文摘家禽的健康和生产力在不同生产环境中会表现出较大的变化。了解可导致这种差异的条件及其影响,有助于协调为获得更佳生产性能的支出。良好的开端必不可少,易受攻击的1日龄雏鸡对这些复杂条件的反应会有所不同。繁殖包括遗传和育种;种蛋包括重量、贮存时间和胚胎所处发育状态,因此每一个标明的因子是一个组合体。 | 王晶晶(译) 邹建忠(校) 靳文广(制图表) Gerrit van der Linde | 2016 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)2016，36，9： | 4 |
| 18 | Molecular Tests for Colorectal Cancer Screening显示文摘 | Linda J.W. Bosch Beatriz Carvalho Remond J.A. Fijneman Connie R. Jimenez Herbert M. Pinedo Manon van Engeland Gerrit A. Meijer | 2011 | Clinical Colorectal Cancer2011，，1： | 4 |
| 19 | Definition of colorectal anastomotic leakage: A consensus survey among Dutch and Chinese colorectal surgeons显示文摘AIM To determine the level of consensus on the definition of colorectal anastomotic leakage(CAL) among Dutch and Chinese colorectal surgeons.METHODS Dutch and Chinese colorectal surgeons were asked to partake in an online questionnaire. Consensus in the online questionnaire was defined as > 80% agreement between respondents on various statements regarding a general definition of CAL,and regarding clinical and radiological diagnosis of the complication.RESULTS Fifty-nine Dutch and 202 Chinese dedicated colorectal surgeons participated in the online survey. Consensus was found on only one of the proposed elements of a general definition of CAL in both countries: ‘extravasation of contrast medium after rectal enema on a CT scan'. Another two were found relevant according to Dutch surgeons: ‘necrosis of the anastomosis found during reoperation',and ‘a radiological collection treated with percutaneous drainage'. No consensus was found for all other proposed elements that may be included in a general definition.CONCLUSION There is no universally accepted definition of CAL in the Netherlands and China. Diagnosis of CAL based on clinical manifestations remains a point of discussion in both countries. Dutch surgeons are more likely to report ‘subclinical' leaks as CAL,which partly explains the higher reported Dutch CAL rates. | Stefanus J van Rooijen Audrey CHM Jongen Zhou-qiao Wu Jia-fu Ji Gerrit D Slooter Rudi MH Roumen Nicole D Bouvy | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，33： | 4 |
| 20 | Retrospective analysis of old-age colitis in the Dutch inflammatory bowel disease population显示文摘AIM: To describe the characteristics of Dutch patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) first diagnosed above 60 years of age-a disease also known as old-age colitis (OAC) and to highlight a condition that has a similar appearance to IBD, namely segmen- tal colitis associated with diverticular disease (SCAD). METHODS: A retrospective longitudinal survey of patient demographic and clinical characteristics, disease characteristics, diagnostic methods, management and course of disease was performed. The median follow-up period was 10 years. RESULTS: Of a total of 1100 IBD patients attending the Department of Gastroenterology, 59 (5%) [median age 82 years (range 64-101); 25 male (42%)] were identified. These patients were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (n = 37, 61%), Crohn’s disease (n = 14, 24%), and indeterminate colitis (n = 8, 15%). Remission was induced in 40 (68%) patients within a median interval of 6 mo (range 1-21) and immunosuppressive therapy was well tolerated. Histological evaluation based on many biopsy samples and the course of the disease led to other diagnosis, namely SCAD instead of IBD in five (8%) patients. CONCLUSION: OAC is not an infrequent problem for the gastroenterologist, and should be considered in the evaluation of older patients with clinical featuressuggestive of IBD. Extra awareness and extensive biopsy sampling are required in order to avoid an erroneous diagnosis purely based on histological mimicry of changes seen in SCAD, when diagnosing IBD in the presence of diverticulosis coli. | Muhammed Hadithi Marcel Cazemier Gerrit A Meijer Elisabeth Bloemena Richel J Felt-Bersma Chris J Mulder Stephan GM Meuwissen Amado Salvador Pea Adriaan A van Bodegraven | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，20： | 3 |
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