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| 1 | Hybrid multi-chip assembly of optical communication engines by in situ 3D nanolithography显示文摘Three-dimensional(3D)nano-printing of freeform optical waveguides,also referred to as photonic wire bonding,allows for efficient coupling between photonic chips and can greatly simplify optical system assembly.As a key advantage,the shape and the trajectory of photonic wire bonds can be adapted to the mode-field profiles and the positions of the chips,thereby offering an attractive alternative to conventional optical assembly techniques that rely on technically complex and costly high-precision alignment.However,while the fundamental advantages of the photonic wire bonding concept have been shown in proof-of-concept experiments,it has so far been unclear whether the technique can also be leveraged for practically relevant use cases with stringent reproducibility and reliability requirements.In this paper,we demonstrate optical communication engines that rely on photonic wire bonding for connecting arrays of silicon photonic modulators to InP lasers and single-mode fibres.In a first experiment,we show an eight-channel transmitter offering an aggregate line rate of 448 Gbit/s by low-complexity intensity modulation.A second experiment is dedicated to a four-channel coherent transmitter,operating at a net data rate of 732.7 Gbit/s-a record for coherent silicon photonic transmitters with co-packaged lasers.Using dedicated test chips,we further demonstrate automated mass production of photonic wire bonds with insertion losses of(0.7±0.15)dB,and we show their resilience in environmental-stability tests and at high optical power.These results might form the basis for simplified assembly of advanced photonic multi-chip systems that combine the distinct advantages of different integration platforms. | Matthias Blaicher Muhammad Rodlin Billah Juned Kemal Tobias Hoose Pablo Marin-Palomo Andreas Hofmann Yasar Kutuvantavida Clemens Kieninger Philipp-Immanuel Dietrich Matthias Lauermann Stefan Wolf Ute Troppenz Martin Moehrle Florian Merget Sebastian Skacel Jeremy Witzens Sebastian Randel Wolfgang Freude Christian Koos | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 4 |
| 2 | Induced pluripotent stem cells throughout the animal kingdom:Availability and applications显示文摘Up until the mid 2000s, the capacity to generate every cell of an organism was exclusive to embryonic stem cells. In 2006, researchers Takahashi and Yamanaka developed an alternative method of generating embryonic-like stem cells from adult cells, which they coined induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Such iPSCs possess most of the advantages of embryonic stem cells without the ethical stigma associated with derivation of the latter. The possibility of generating “custom-made” pluripotent cells, ideal for patient-specific disease models, alongside their possible applications in regenerative medicine and reproduction, has drawn a lot of attention to the field with numbers of iPSC studies published growing exponentially. IPSCs have now been generated for a wide variety of species, including but not limited to, mouse, human, primate, wild felines, bovines, equines, birds and rodents, some of which still lack well-established embryonic stem cell lines. The paucity of robust characterization of some of these iPSC lines as well as the residual expression of transgenes involved in the reprogramming process still hampers the use of such cells in species preservation or medical research, underscoring the requirement for further investigations. Here, we provide an extensive overview of iPSC generated from a broad range of animal species including their potential applications and limitations. | Lais Vicari de Figueiredo Pessoa Fabiana Fernandes Bressan Kristine Karla Freude | 2019 | World Journal of Stem Cells2019，11，8： | 4 |
| 3 | Femtojoule electro-optic modulation using a silicon– organic hybrid device显示文摘Energy-efficient electro-optic modulators are at the heart of short-reach optical interconnects,and silicon photonics is considered the leading technology for realizing such devices.However,the performance of all-silicon devices is limited by intrinsic material properties.In particular,the absence of linear electro-optic effects in silicon renders the integration of energy-efficient photonic–electronic interfaces challenging.Silicon–organic hybrid(SOH)integration can overcome these limitations by combining nanophotonic silicon waveguides with organic cladding materials,thereby offering the prospect of designing optical properties by molecular engineering.In this paper,we demonstrate an SOH Mach–Zehnder modulator with unprecedented efficiency:the 1-mm-long device consumes only 0.7 fJ bit^(-1) to generate a 12.5 Gbit s^(-1) data stream with a bit-error ratio below the threshold for hard-decision forward-error correction.This power consumption represents the lowest value demonstrated for a non-resonant Mach–Zehnder modulator in any material system.It is enabled by a novel class of organic electro-optic materials that are designed for high chromophore density and enhanced molecular orientation.The device features an electro-optic coefficient of r33<180 pm V^(-1) and can be operated at data rates of up to 40 Gbit s^(-1). | Sebastian Koeber Robert Palmer Matthias Lauermann Wolfgang Heni Delwin L Elder Dietmar Korn Markus Woessner Luca Alloatti Swen Koenig Philipp C Schindler Hui Yu Wim Bogaerts Larry R Dalton Wolfgang Freude Juerg Leuthold Christian Koos | 2015 | Light(Science & Applications)2015，4，1： | 4 |
| 4 | 100 GHz silicon–organic hybrid modulator显示文摘Electro-optic modulation at frequencies of 100 GHz and beyond is important for photonic-electronic signal processing at the highest speeds.To date,however,only a small number of devices exist that can operate up to this frequency.In this study,we demonstrate that this frequency range can be addressed by nanophotonic,silicon-based modulators.We exploit the ultrafast Pockels effect by using the silicon–organic hybrid(SOH)platform,which combines highly nonlinear organic molecules with silicon waveguides.Until now,the bandwidth of these devices was limited by the losses of the radiofrequency(RF)signal and the RC(resistor-capacitor)time constant of the silicon structure.The RF losses are overcome by using a device as short as 500 μm,and the RC time constant is decreased by using a highly conductive electron accumulation layer and an improved gate insulator.Using this method,we demonstrate for the first time an integrated silicon modulator with a 3dB bandwidth at an operating frequency beyond 100 GHz.Our results clearly indicate that the RC time constant is not a fundamental speed limitation of SOH devices at these frequencies.Our device has a voltage–length product of only V_(π)L=11 V mm,which compares favorably with the best silicon-photonic modulators available today.Using cladding materials with stronger nonlinearities,the voltage–length product is expected to improve by more than an order of magnitude. | Luca Alloatti Robert Palmer Sebastian Diebold Kai Philipp Pahl Baoquan Chen Raluca Dinu Maryse Fournier Jean-Marc Fedeli Thomas Zwick Wolfgang Freude Christian Koos Juerg Leuthold | 2014 | Light(Science & Applications)2014，3，1： | 3 |
| 5 | Enrichment of retinal ganglion and Müller glia progenitors from retinal organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells-possibilities and current limitations显示文摘BACKGROUND Retinal organoids serve as excellent human-specific disease models for conditions affecting otherwise inaccessible retinal tissue from patients.They permit the isolation of key cell types affected in various eye diseases including retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)and Müller glia.AIM To refine human-induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)differentiated into threedimensional(3D)retinal organoids to generate sufficient numbers of RGCs and Müller glia progenitors for downstream analyses.METHODS In this study we described,evaluated,and refined methods with which to generate Müller glia and RGC progenitors,isolated them via magnetic-activated cell sorting,and assessed their lineage stability after prolonged 2D culture.Putative progenitor populations were characterized via quantitative PCR and immunocytochemistry,and the ultrastructural composition of retinal organoid cells was investigated.RESULTS Our study confirms the feasibility of generating marker-characterized Müller glia and RGC progenitors within retinal organoids.Such retinal organoids can be dissociated and the Müller glia and RGC progenitor-like cells isolated via magnetic-activated cell sorting and propagated as monolayers.CONCLUSION Enrichment of Müller glia and RGC progenitors from retinal organoids is a feasible method with which to study cell type-specific disease phenotypes and to potentially generate specific retinal populations for cell replacement therapies. | Kristine Karla Freude Sarkis Saruhanian Alanna McCauley Colton Paterson Madeleine Odette Annika Oostenink Poul Hyttel Mark Gillies Henriette Haukedal Miriam Kolko | 2020 | World Journal of Stem Cells2020，12，10： | 2 |
| 6 | Open wedge re-correction high tibial osteotomy in an elderly patient with a varus angulated non-united dome-shaped high tibial osteotomy显示文摘The high tibial osteotomy(HTO)is a wellestablished and commonly used treatment for younger and active patients with a medial unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee and varus malalignment.The aim of this technique is to shift the load to a functional lateral compartment in order to delay total knee arthroplasty.The dome-shaped HTO was introduced by Blaimont et al.(1975)and later popularized by Maquet(1980).Out of 118 cases,96 cases of overcorrection,13 cases of undercorrection,and 9 cases | Steffen SCHROTER Lukas KONSTANTINIDIS Tobias M. KRAUS Fabian STUBY Ulrich STOCKLE Thomas FREUDE | 2013 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2013，14，11： | 2 |
| 7 | Biophotonic sensors with integrated Si_(3)N_(4)-organic hybrid (SiNOH) lasers for point-of-care diagnostics显示文摘Early and efficient disease diagnosis with low-cost point-of-care devices is gaining importance for personalized medicine and public health protection.Within this context,waveguide-(WG)-based optical biosensors on the siliconnitride(Si_(3)N_(4))platform represent a particularly promising option,offering highly sensitive detection of indicative biomarkers in multiplexed sensor arrays operated by light in the visible-wavelength range.However,while passive Si_(3)N_(4)-based photonic circuits lend themselves to highly scalable mass production,the integration of low-cost light sources remains a challenge.In this paper,we demonstrate optical biosensors that combine Si_(3)N_(4)sensor circuits with hybrid on-chip organic lasers.These Si_(3)N_(4)-organic hybrid(SiNOH)lasers rely on a dye-doped cladding material that are deposited on top of a passive WG and that are optically pumped by an external light source.Fabrication of the devices is simple:The underlying Si_(3)N_(4)WGs are structured in a single lithography step,and the organic gain medium is subsequently applied by dispensing,spin-coating,or ink-jet printing processes.A highly parallel read-out of the optical sensor signals is accomplished with a simple camera.In our proof-of-concept experiment,we demonstrate the viability of the approach by detecting different concentrations of fibrinogen in phosphate-buffered saline solutions with a sensor-length(L-)-related sensitivity of S/L=0.16 rad nM^(-1)mm^(-1).To our knowledge,this is the first demonstration of an integrated optical circuit driven by a co-integrated low-cost organic light source.We expect that the versatility of the device concept,the simple operation principle,and the compatibility with cost-efficient mass production will make the concept a highly attractive option for applications in biophotonics and point-of-care diagnostics. | Daria Kohler Gregor Schindler Lothar Hahn Johannes Milvich Andreas Hofmann Kerstin Lange Wolfgang Freude Christian Koos | 2021 | Light(Science & Applications)2021，10，4： | 2 |
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| 10 | Total excitation of the isolated human heart显示文摘 | Durrer D van Dam RT Freud GE | 1970 | Circulation1970，41，6： | 1 |
| 11 | In situ ^11B MAS NMR study of the synthesis of a boron-containing MFI type zeolite 显示文摘 | Liu H Emst H Freude D | 2002 | Micropor Mesopor Mater2002，54，： | 1 |
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| 13 | Effectiveness of vitamin B(12)in treating recurrent aphtbous stomatitis a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | Ilia Volkov Inna Bndoy Tamar Freud | 2009 | J Am Board Fam Med2009，22，： | 1 |
| 14 | Microwaves emitted by cellular telephones affect human slow brain potentials 显示文摘 | Freude G Ullsperger P Eggert S | 2000 | Eur J Appl Phys2000，81，12： | 1 |
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| 16 | Identification and quantification of the atypical metabolite ornithine-lactam in human plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS)显示文摘 | Jens Martens-Lobenhoffer Achim Becker Horst Freude Stefanie M. Bode-B?ger | 2009 | Journal of Chromatography B2009，，23： | 1 |
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| 18 | Effectiveness of Vitamin B12 in Treating Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial 显示文摘 | Ilia Volkov Inna Rudoy Tamar Freud | 2009 | Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine2009，22，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Interleukin-lbeta selectively expands and sustains interleukin-22+ immature human natural killer cells in secondary lymphoid tissue 显示文摘 | Hughes T Becknell B Freud AG | 2010 | Immunity2010，32，1： | 1 |
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