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| 1 | Analytical methodologies for determination of methotrexate and its metabolites in pharmaceutical,biological and environmental samples显示文摘Methotrexate(MTX)is a folate antagonist drug used for several diseases,such as cancers,various malignancies,rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and inflammatory bowel disease.Due to its structural features,including the presence of two carboxylic acid groups and its low native fluorescence,there are some challenges to develop analytical methods for its determination.MTX is metabolized to 7-hydroxymethotrexate(7-OH-MTX),2,4-diamino-N10-methylpteroic acid(DAMPA),and the active MTX polyglutamates(MTXPGs)in the liver,intestine,and red blood cells(RBCs),respectively.Additionally,the drug has a narrow therapeutic range;hence,its therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)is necessary to regulate the pharmacokinetics of the drug and to decrease the risk of toxicity.Due to environmental toxicity of MTX;its sensitive,fast and low cost determination in workplace environments is of great interest.A large number of methodologies including high performance liquid chromatography equipped with UVevisible,fluorescence,or electrochemical detection,liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy,capillary electrophoresis,UVevisible spectrophotometry,and electrochemical methods have been developed for the quantitation of MTX and its metabolites in pharmaceutical,biological,and environmental samples.This paper will attempt to review several published methodologies and the instrumental conditions,which have been applied to measure MTX and its metabolites within the last decade. | Forough Karami Sara Ranjbar Younes Ghasemi Manica Negahdaripour | 2019 | Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis2019，9，6： | 7 |
| 2 | What factors affect length of hospital stay among trauma patients? A single-center study, Southwestern Iran显示文摘Purpose: Trauma is a major health concern. Length of hospital stay (LOS) has been targeted as an important metric to assess trauma care. This study aims to evaluate the risk factors that affect LOS among trauma patients in a trauma center in Southwestern Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients admitted to Rajaee Trauma Center, Shiraz, Iran between January 1, 2018 and December 30, 2018. The inclusion criteria were age above 15 years and having traffic accident injuries, including car, motorcycle and pedestrian injury mechanisms. The exclusion criteria were existing diseases including cardiovascular, cerebral, renal, and pulmonary diseases prior to this study, dead upon arrival or within 48 h after admission, and stay at the hospital for less than 6 h. The risk variables analyzed for prolonged LOS were age, gender, mechanism of traffic accident injury, infection during hospital stay, type of injury, injury severity score, surgery during hospitalization, and survival. Poisson regression was performed to evaluate the partial effects of each co- variate on trauma hospitalization (≥3 days as longer stay).Results: This study was conducted on 14,054 patients with traffic accident injury and the mean age was (33.89 ± 15.78) years. Additionally, 74.35% of the patients were male, with male to female ratio of 2.90. The result of Poisson regression indicated that male patients, higher age, combination of thoracic injuries, onset of infected sites, and surgery patients were more susceptible to have a longer LOS. Considering the site of injury, patients with face injuries followed by those with thorax injuries had the highest means of LOS (3.74 days and 3.36 days, respectively). Simultaneous existence of surgical inter- vention and infection in a patient had the greatest impact on prolonged LOS.Conclusion: This study identified that age, gender, mechanism of injury, infection, type of injury, survival, and ISS could lead to prolongation of LOS, but the affect can be reduced by eliminating modifiable risk factors. | Ali Kashkooe Mahnaz Yadollahi Forough Pazhuheian | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2020，23，3： | 6 |
| 3 | Gray Water Measurement and Feasibility of Retrieval Using Innovative Technology and Application in Water Resources Management in Isfahan-Iran显示文摘Reuse of wastewater for agriculture and green spaces purposes is significant.A mean yearly precipitation in Esfahan is 150 mm.The drinking water and agriculture usually used underground resources in the city.Gray water recycling is known as a suitable option today.Delivering all the water requirements of a home from refined water rises the cost of water.Whereas the essential water quality for garden,toilet and irrigation is less than drinking water.Therefore,the aim of this study is to analyze the evaluation of gray water and estimate the amount of recycle gray water which can use for drinking water with innovation method in Esfahan region in Iran.Previous studies did not measure the value of recycling gray water with new method of waste water treatment that can use for drinking purpose.In this study,gray water in Esfahan city is measured and technical aspects of its recycling is examined.Because of the lack of referable guidelines and official technical reports,studies from other similar countries applied in this study and on the basis of which the amount of recoverable gray water was calculated.Evaluations indicates that the overall recovery of gray water in Esfahan saves nine million cubic meters of water.The price of the rial of this value established on water is 190 billion Rials.Given the lack of water sources in Esfahan,the recycle of gray water seems to be a good option,however more research is required to select a recovery strategy. | Safieh Javadinejad Rebwar Dara Forough Jafary | 2020 | Journal of Geographical Research2020，3，2： | 3 |
| 4 | Effect of Precipitation Characteristics on Spatial and Temporal Variations of Landslide in Kermanshah Province in Iran显示文摘Landslide can be defined as the mass movement of sloping slopes under the influence of mass gravity and its stimuli such as earthquakes,floods and flood plains.This phenomenon is one of the natural hazards that every year causes a lot of financial and financial losses in mountainous,rain-fed and seismic areas.Detection of time and the magnitude of landslides are necessary to understand the causes of landslide and to warn potential hazards.In this research,the amount of landslide displacement in Kermanshah province was evaluated by the characteristics of rainfall.To this end,a network of fixed points in and out of the slipping mass of 20 points was created to monitor the amount of displacement on different slip load users and the amount of displacement of each point in 5 time intervals using the Global Positioning System for two-dimensional GPS measurement.The results of the 511-day follow-up showed that the total horizontal displacement of the moving points in the 5 intervals measured at 1658 mm has a monthly displacement rate of 112 mm.Also,the total vertical displacement of moving points at the same time is 899 mm,with a monthly movement rate of 71 mm.Then,precipitation variances such as rainfall,rainfall,precipitation duration,maximum rainfall intensity in the intervals of 10,20,30 and 60 minutes and the average rainfall intensity were calculated and extracted for each of the 5 time periods.The drawing of the vectors of points on the topographic map of the area indicated that the direction of mass movement is in the direction of elevation gradient of the region.The results showed that only the precipitation severity with the landslide had a good correlation.The landslide movement had the highest correlation with average rainfall intensity(R=0.85)and with maximum 30 minutes rainfall(R=0.67),respectively,and other rainfall characteristics like amount,duration,and type of rainfall had not significantly correlated with movement of landslides. | Safieh Javadinejad Rebwar Dara Forough Jafary | 2019 | Journal of Geographical Research2019，2，4： | 2 |
| 5 | Differential transforming abilities of non-secreted and secreted forms of human fibroblast growth factor factor-1显示文摘 | Zhan X Macphee M | 1993 | J Biol Chem1993，268，： | 1 |
| 6 | EphB4 receptor signaling mediates endothelial cell migration and proliferation via the phosphatialylinositol 3-kinase pathway 显示文摘 | Steinle JJ Meininger CJ Forough R | 2002 | J Biol Chem2002，277，43： | 1 |
| 7 | Metalloproteinase blockade by local overexpression of TIMP-1 increases elastin accumulation in rat carotid artery intlma显示文摘 | Forough R Lea H Starcher B | 1998 | Arterioscler Thromb Vass Biol1998，18，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Eph B4 receptor signaling mediates endothelial cell migration and proliferation via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway 显示文摘 | Steinle J J Meininger C J Forough R | 2002 | J Biol Chem2002，277，43： | 1 |
| 9 | Urinary levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase in patients with coronary artery disease显示文摘 | Fitzsimmons PJ Forough R Lawrence ME | 2007 | Atherosclerosis2007，194，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 intrease after arterial injury in rats显示文摘 | Haesenstab D Forough R Clowes AW | 1997 | Circ Res1997，80，： | 1 |
| 11 | Cell-based and direct gene transfer-induced angiogenesis via a secreted chimeric fibroblast growth factor 1 (sp-FGF-1) in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM)显示文摘 | Forough R Wang X Martinez Lemus L A | 2003 | Angiogenesis2003，6，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Eph B4 receptor signaling me- diates endothelial cell migration and proliferation via the phosphatidyli- nositol 3-kinase pathway显示文摘 | Steinle J J Meininger C J Forough R | 2002 | J Biol Chem2002，277，43： | 1 |
| 13 | Overexpression of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase in rat vascular smooth muscle cells and in balloon-injured carotid artery显示文摘 | Chen L Daum G Forough R | 1998 | Cire Res1998，82，8： | 1 |
| 14 | Local over expression of TIMP-1 prevents aortic aneurysm degeneration and rupture in a rat model 显示文摘 | ALLAIRE E FOROUGH R CLOWES M | 1998 | J Clin Invest1998，102，7： | 1 |
| 15 | Urinary levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase in patients with coronary artery disease显示文摘 | Fitzsimmons PJ Forough R Lawrence ME | 2006 | Atherosclerosis2006，28，： | 1 |
| 16 | Overexpression of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase in rat vascular,smooth muscle cells and in balloonLinjured carotid artery显示文摘 | Chen L Daum G Forough R etal | 1998 | CircRes1998，82，8： | 1 |
| 17 | EphB4 receptor signaling mediates endothelial cell migration and proliferation via the p hosp hatialylinositol 3-kinase pathway 显示文摘 | Steinle JJ M Eininger CJ Forough R | 2002 | J Biol Chem2002，15，11： | 1 |
| 18 | PAI-1 and TIMP-2 increase after arterial injury in rats显示文摘 | David Hasenstab Reza Forough | 1997 | J Cell Biol1997，80，： | 1 |
| 19 | Impact of the Surgical Research Methodology Program on Surgical Residents’ Research Profiles显示文摘 | Forough Farrokhyar Nalin Amin Deepak Dath Mohit Bhandari Stephan Kelly Ann M. Kolkin Catherine Gill-Pottruff Martina Skot Susan Reid | 2014 | Journal of Surgical Education2014，，： | 1 |
| 20 | EphB4 receptor signaling mediates endothelial cell migration and proliferation via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway显示文摘 | Steinle JJ Meininger CJ Forough R | 2002 | Biol Chem2002，277，43： | 1 |
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