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| 1 | 南京葫芦洞石笋δ^(13)C对冰期气候的复杂响应与诊断显示文摘文中重建了南京葫芦洞内距今75~10ka期间7支石笋δ13C的时间变化序列,δ13C曲线在重叠时段均具有一致性波动形式.在最后一个冰期/间冰期旋回,δ13C值变化幅度达6‰,反映了C3/C4植被类型变化对δ13C的主控作用.然而,在末次冰期格陵兰冰心记录的DO暖事件时(千年尺度),δ13C与指示降水变化的δ18O呈反相关,主要反映了快速渗水条件下洞穴岩溶水对土壤CO2溶解量的降低.据同期生长石笋δ13C和δ18O对比分析,石笋碳同位素动力分馏程度与生长速率有关.进一步研究发现,本区末次冰消期植被类型变化滞后于降水变化约700年. | 孔兴功 汪永进 吴江滢 Cheng Hai L R Edwards Wang Xianfeng | 2005 | 中国科学(D辑)2005，35，11： | 24 |
| 2 | 贵州荔波地区2000年来石笋高分辨率的气候记录显示文摘通过对荔波董哥洞石笋进行高精度的ICP-MS或TIMS-U系测年和碳、氧同位素分析,建立了荔波地区2 300a B.P.来高分辨率的古气候变化的时间序列。研究结果表明,贵州荔波地区2 300a B.P.以来石笋记录的季风气候变化,大致可分为8个气候(亚)期:①2300~1 800a B.P.为降温期,显示东亚夏季风减弱,东亚冬季风增强,气候干旱寒冷;②1 800~1 080a B.P.气温有所回升,显示东亚冬季风缓慢减弱,东亚夏季风有所回升,表现为半湿润的温凉气候期;③1 080~680a B.P.为降温期,气温再次下降,显示东亚冬季风再次增强,但降水相对增大,表现为寒冷湿润的气候期,是气候变化的关键转折时期;④680~550a B.P.温暖期,显示东亚夏季风再次增强,气温升高,降水增大,表现为温暖湿润的气候期。⑤550~400a B.P.寒冷期,显示东亚冬季风快速增强,气温下降,表现为寒冷湿润的气候环境,是近1 000年以来最冷的时期;⑥400~364a B.P.温凉期,显示东亚夏季风有所增强,气温有所回升,表现为温凉湿润气候环境;⑦364~324a B.P.冷凉期,显示东亚夏季风有所减弱,气温有所下降,表现为冷凉湿润气候环境;⑧324a B.P.至今,气候相对波动期,同位素记录曲线呈锯齿状波动,在其内包括若干个冷凉半湿润、冷湿的气候变化亚阶段。根据荔波董哥洞石笋的高分辨率的古气候变化的连续记录,揭示了荔波地区2 300a B.P.以来的一些百年尺度的重大气候事件——干旱寒冷期、隋唐温暖期(或小温暖期)、小寒冷期以及一些十年尺度的降水、温度变化。石笋记录的这种百年、十年尺度的突发性气候变化事件,与冰芯记录极为相似,反映低纬度地区石笋记录的季风气候与高纬度及北极地区的气候具有极好的相关性,这对于认识现代气候系统变化以及对未来十年一百年尺度的气候预测和演化的驱动机制,具有重要的科学意义。 | 张美良 程海 林玉石 覃嘉铭 朱晓燕 冉景丞 杨琰 陈会明 Edwards R L | 2006 | 沉积学报2006，24，3： | 19 |
| 3 | 赣北石笋记录的新仙女木事件显示文摘新仙女木事件(Younger Dryas,简称YD)是末次冰消期升温过程中发生的一次北半球急剧降温事件,目前全球范围多个地区的地质记录中均有发现该事件的印记.然而,受限于定年误差或采样分辨率等因素,关于YD事件的精确起止时间、精细内部结构和触发机制仍存在争议.本研究利用江西北部神农宫溶洞内一支文石石笋SN29(总长度426 mm,其中距离顶部220~388 mm用于本研究),通过高精度 230Th定年和氧、碳稳定同位素测试分析,建立了13614~10811 a B. P.期间平均分辨率12年的石笋氧同位素(δ18O)变化序列.该记录最为显著的特征是δ18O值在12851~11575 a B. P.时段偏正1. 7‰,指示了一次显著的弱季风突变事件,响应于北大西洋YD事件. SN29为高铀含量文石石笋且生长速率较快,精确界定了响应于YD事件的东亚弱季风事件的起止时间和精细内部结构.结果表明: YD期间, SN29记录的东亚弱夏季风事件的开始时间为 12851±16 a B. P.,经历了约249年;结束过程开始于11575±19 a B. P.,经历了约146年;整个YD弱季风事件共持续了 1276±35年.东亚季风区各石笋δ18O记录的YD弱季风事件在误差范围内基本一致,且与格陵兰冰芯δ18O记录和低纬度其他记录的发生时间一致,支持YD时期东亚夏季风减弱事件可能是对大量淡水进入北大西洋导致径向翻转流减弱、北半球变冷、ITCZ南移的快速响应的假说. | 张海伟 程海 蔡演军 Kathayat Gayatri 宁有丰 Edwards R Lawrence 孟秉霖 | 2019 | 第四纪研究2019，39，4： | 12 |
| 4 | Comment on 'On linking climate to Chinese dynastic change:Spatial and temporal variations of monsoonal rain'显示文摘An article by Zhang et al. questions the interpretation of our oxygen isotope record from Wanxiang Cave and the sediment titanium record from Lake Huguang Maar,and the possible linkage between climate change and Chinese culture. In response,we explain that their approach lacks logical rigor and their major argument is broadly consistent with,rather than contradictory to our original conclusions. We also note that climate-culture relationships similar to those that we observe in China have been observed for other cultures around the world. | CHENG Hai EDWARDS R Lawrence HAUG Gerald H | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，32： | 10 |
| 5 | Transcriptome Analysis of Arabidopsis Wild-Type and gl3-sst sim Trichomes Identifies Four Additional Genes Required for Trichome Development显示文摘 | M. David Marks Jonathan R Wenger Edward Gilding Ross Jilk Richard A. Dixon | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，4： | 8 |
| 6 | Destabilization of strigolactone receptor DWARF14 by binding of ligand and E3-1igase signaling effector DWARF3显示文摘 | Li-Hua Zhao X Edward Zhou Wei Yi Zhongshan Wu Yue Liu Yanyong Kang Li Hou Parker W de Waal Suling Li Yi Jiang Adrian Scaffidi Gavin R Flematti Steven M Smith Vinh Q Lam Patrick R Griffin YonghongWang Jiayang Li Karsten Melcher H Eric Xu | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，11： | 7 |
| 7 | Dirichlet Process Gaussian Mixture Models:Choice of the Base Distribution显示文摘In the Bayesian mixture modeling framework it is possible to infer the necessary number of components to model the data and therefore it is unnecessary to explicitly restrict the number of components.Nonparametric mixture models sidestep the problem of finding the'correct'number of mixture components by assuming infinitely many components.In this paper Dirichlet process mixture(DPM) models are cast as infinite mixture models and inference using Markov chain Monte Carlo is described.The specification of the priors on the model parameters is often guided by mathematical and practical convenience.The primary goal of this paper is to compare the choice of conjugate and non-conjugate base distributions on a particular class of DPM models which is widely used in applications,the Dirichlet process Gaussian mixture model (DPGMM).We compare computational efficiency and modeling performance of DPGMM defined using a conjugate and a conditionally conjugate base distribution.We show that better density models can result from using a wider class of priors with no or only a modest increase in computational effort. | Dilan Grür Carl Edward Rasmussen | 2010 | Journal of Computer Science & Technology2010，25，4： | 5 |
| 8 | High-resolution stalagmite δ13C record of soil processes from southwestern China during the early MIS 3显示文摘Knowledge of the evolution of pedogenic processes in the carbonate area is important to understand the dynamics of rock desertification.A precisely-dated stalagmite δ13C record between 61.3 and 50.5 ka BP from southwestern China,potentially related to soil biogenic CO2 production,shifts within a narrow range between -9‰ and -7‰,and exhibits a prominent cycle of 350-470 a,independent of the Asian monsoon changes.This indicates that a threshold effect might control the amplitude of calcite δ13C variability,likely associated with the vertical soil loss in the carbonate area.The periodic δ13C changes reflect that the loss/recovery of soil cover can operate on centennial scale.Thus,the rock desertification in southwestern China might at least initiate 60 ka ago and should be of natural origin. | LIU DianBing WANG YongJin CHENG Hai EDWARDS R L | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，7： | 5 |
| 9 | Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Wendy S Atkin Rob Edwards Ines Kralj-Hans Kate Wooldrage Andrew R Hart John MA Northover D Max Parkin Jane Wardle Stephen W Duffy Jack Cuzick | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9726： | 4 |
| 10 | 全新世早期弱夏季风事件的精确定位及机制探讨——以湖南莲花洞LHD5石笋为例显示文摘全新世早期是太阳辐射加强、全球温度上升,并伴随着冰盖消融的重要时期,而其间发生的冷事件以及亚洲季风区的弱夏季风事件的成因一直是全新世早期研究的重点。对亚洲季风—海洋—极地联系研究有着重要的意义。通过分析湖南莲花洞LHD5石笋28个U/Th年龄和535个氧同位素数据重建了全新世亚洲季风演化特征,其中全新世早期分辨率达8年。LHD5石笋记录到YD结束时间为11 748±30 a B.P.,全新世开始于11 684±39 a B.P.,转换时间约为64年,与格陵兰gicc05记录在误差范围内一致。LHD5石笋记录到全新世早期6次弱夏季风事件,事件年龄中心点分别为11 461±34 a B.P.、10 354±36 a B.P.、9 957±25 a B.P.、9 062±36 a B.P.、8 744±23 a B.P.、8 144±24 a B.P.,其δ18O值的波动幅度分别为1.08‰、0.94‰、0.66‰、0.90‰、0.55‰、1.02‰,这些弱季风事件在亚洲季风区具有普遍的区域意义。除8.2 ka事件之外,10 ka B.P.之前的弱季风事件除了受到太阳活动的影响,还受到北大西洋IRD事件的影响,而之后更多地受到太阳活动和ITCZ南移的影响。 | 张华生 殷建军 程海 R Lawrence Edwards 林玉石 唐伟 杨会 涂林玲 王华 潘谋成 吴夏 | 2016 | 沉积学报2016，34，2： | 4 |
| 11 | 贵州七星洞石笋记录的一次强降水事件的探讨显示文摘全球变暖、极端事件频发背景下,研究极端事件发生规律,并准确预测未来极端事件的发生,已经成为目前极端事件研究的现实而紧迫的任务。利用地质载体重建过去极端事件的发生规律是极端事件研究的重要手段。本研究以贵州七星洞两个具有相似沉积特征的文石-方解石石笋对过去发生的一次强降水事件进行了探讨。主要认识有:(1)七星洞QX1和QX6石笋分别记录的黄褐色纹(微)层具有相似的沉积特征,为强降水携带粘土沉积形成;(2)两个石笋黄褐色纹(微)层发生的时间经推算在误差范围内一致,发生在公元(1868±1)年;(3)此次强降水事件发生的气候背景为:长时间的干旱导致洞顶植被覆盖和土壤湿度减小,而1869年的雨季多雨,在强降水携带下粘土沉积于石笋表面形成纹(微)层。此次事件的研究为东亚季风区极端降水事件研究提供了新的思路。 | 殷建军 林玉石 唐伟 程海 EDWARDS R L | 2016 | 地球学报2016，37，3： | 4 |
| 12 | 外用辣椒素治疗慢性疼痛:系统性综述显示文摘评价局部应用辣椒素治疗神经及肌肉骨骼功能失调引起的慢性疼痛的疗效和安全性。 | Lorna Mason R Andrew Moore Sheena Derry Jayne E Edwards Henry J Mcquay 孙静 | 2004 | 英国医学杂志中文版2004，7，5： | 3 |
| 13 | Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Wendy S Atkin Rob Edwards Ines Kralj-Hans Kate Wooldrage Andrew R Hart John MA Northover D Max Parkin Jane Wardle Stephen W Duffy Jack Cuzick | 2010 | 2010 (9726)2010，，9726： | 3 |
| 14 | Patterns of genomic and phenomic diversity in wine and table grapes显示文摘Grapes are one of the most economically and culturally important crops worldwide,and they have been bred for both winemaking and fresh consumption.Here we evaluate patterns of diversity across 33 phenotypes collected over a 17-year period from 580 table and wine grape accessions that belong to one of the world’s largest grape gene banks,the grape germplasm collection of the United States Department of Agriculture.We find that phenological events throughout the growing season are correlated,and quantify the marked difference in size between table and wine grapes.By pairing publicly available historical phenotype data with genome-wide polymorphism data,we identify large effect loci controlling traits that have been targeted during domestication and breeding,including hermaphroditism,lighter skin pigmentation and muscat aroma.Breeding for larger berries in table grapes was traditionally concentrated in geographic regions where Islam predominates and alcohol was prohibited,whereas wine grapes retained the ancestral smaller size that is more desirable for winemaking in predominantly Christian regions.We uncover a novel locus with a suggestive association with berry size that harbors a signature of positive selection for larger berries.Our results suggest that religious rules concerning alcohol consumption have had a marked impact on patterns of phenomic and genomic diversity in grapes. | ZoëMigicovsky Jason Sawler Kyle M Gardner Mallikarjuna K Aradhya Bernard H Prins Heidi R Schwaninger Carlos D Bustamante Edward S Buckler Gan-Yuan Zhong Patrick J Brown Sean Myles | 2017 | Horticulture Research2017，4，1： | 3 |
| 15 | Annual growth banding in a cave stalagmite显示文摘 | Baker A Smart P Edwards R | 1993 | Nature1993，364，： | 2 |
| 16 | Appropriateness of systemic treatments in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors显示文摘AIM:To evaluate systemic treatment choices in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)and provide consensus treatment recommendations.METHODS:Systemic treatment options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors have expanded in recent years to include somatostatin analogs,angiogenesis inhibitors,inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycinand cytotoxic agents.At this time,there is little data to guide treatment selection and sequence.We therefore assembled a panel of expert physicians to evaluate systemic treatment choices and provide consensus treatment recommendations.Treatment appropriateness ratings were collected using the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi process.After studying the literature,a multidisciplinary panel of 10 physicians assessed the appropriateness of various medical treatment scenarios on a 1-9 scale.Ratings were done both before and after an extended discussion of the evidence.Quantitative measurements of agreement were made and consensus statements developed from the second round ratings.RESULTS:Specialties represented were medical and surgical oncology,interventional radiology,and gastroenterology.Panelists had practiced for a mean of15.5 years(range:6-33).Among 202 rated scenarios,disagreement decreased from 13.2%(26 scenarios)before the face-to-face discussion of evidence to 1%(2)after.In the final ratings,46.5%(94 scenarios)were rated inappropriate,21.8%(44)were uncertain,and30.7%(62)were appropriate.Consensus statements from the scenarios included:(1)it is appropriate to use somatostatin analogs as first line therapy in patients with hormonally functional tumors and may be appropriate in patients who are asymptomatic;(2)it is appropriate to use everolimus,sunitinib,or cytotoxic chemotherapy therapy as first line therapy in patients with symptomatic or progressive tumors;and(3)beyond first line,these same agents can be used.In patients with uncontrolled secretory symptoms,octreotide LAR doses can be titrated up to 60 mg every4 wk or up to 40 mg every 3 or 4 wk.CONCLUSION:Using the Delphi process allowed physician experts to systematically obtain a consensus on the appropriateness of a variety of medical therapies in patients with PNETs. | Jonathan R Strosberg George A Fisher Al B Benson Lowell B Anthony Bulent Arslan John F Gibbs Edward Greeno Renuka V Iyer Michelle K Kim William J Maples Philip A Philip Edward M Wolin Dasha Cherepanov Michael S Broder | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，8： | 2 |
| 17 | Metastatic recurrence to a solitary lymph node four years after hepatic lobectomy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘This report describes a patient that developed recurrent metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) to a suprapancreatic lymph node four years after being treated for primary HCC via complete left hepatectomy. Metastatic HCC was proven by pathologic confirmation. The report addresses the role of surgical resection as a treatment modality for recurrent HCC to solitary lymph nodes. The role of biological chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment is also addressed. | Michael L Caparelli Nathan J Roberts Timothy S Braverman Robert M Stevens Edward R Broun Shyam Allamaneni | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，23： | 2 |
| 18 | Prosthetic above-knee femoropopliteal bypass grafting: Five-year results of a randomized trial显示文摘 | Richard M Green William M Abbott Teruo Matsumoto Jock R Wheeler Normand Miller Frank J Veith Sam Money H Edward Garrett | 2000 | Journal of Vascular Surgery2000，，： | 2 |
| 19 | 61~50kaBP亚洲季风百年尺度气候振荡的黔西南石笋记录显示文摘12个U/Th年龄测试结果显示,黔西南普安县雾露洞长度分别为667mm和830mm的两支石笋覆盖了61~50kaBP时段。据两支石笋999个δ18O数据建立了平均分辨率达15年的亚洲夏季风强度变化序列。雾露洞δ18O记录揭示了4个振幅达1.7‰的千年尺度季风增强事件,对应于格陵兰冰心DO17—DO14事件。在总体特征上,该记录峰谷振荡特征及振幅与贵州董歌洞、南京葫芦洞记录一致,进一步证实亚洲季风区大气降水同位素组成变化在大范围空间内具有一致性。在百年尺度上,亚洲季风区石笋δ18O清晰记录了MIS3早期6个DO亚旋回事件,而且在更短时间尺度上具有类似高纬气温振荡特征。这种低纬季风系统与北高纬气候变化的耦合关系表明,大气环流快速重组和传输可能是连接高低纬DO旋回及亚旋回气候变化的主要纽带。 | 王军彬 孔兴功 程海 汪永进 R L Edwards | 2008 | 海洋地质与第四纪地质2008，28，5： | 2 |
| 20 | Ramucirumab plus docetaxel versus placebo plus docetaxel for second-line treatment of stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer after disease progression on platinum-based therapy (REVEL): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised phase 3 trial显示文摘 | Edward B Garon Tudor-Eliade Ciuleanu Oscar Arrieta Kumar Prabhash Konstantinos N Syrigos Tuncay Goksel Keunchil Park Vera Gorbunova Ruben Dario Kowalyszyn Joanna Pikiel Grzegorz Czyzewicz Sergey V Orlov Conrad R Lewanski Michael Thomas Paolo Bidoli Shaker | 2014 | The Lancet2014，，： | 2 |
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