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| 1 | Effect of Sanhuangwuji powder,anti-rheumatic drugs,and ginger-partitioned acupoint stimulation on the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with peptic ulcer:a randomized controlled study显示文摘OBjECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of oral Sanhuangwuji powder,anti-rheumatic drugs(ARDs),and ginger-partitioned acupoint stimulation at Zusanli(ST 36) on the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) complicated by peptic ulcer.METHODS:This prospective randomized controlled study included 180 eligible inpatients and outpatients randomly assigned to an ARD treatment(n = 60),ginger-partitioned stimulation(n =60),or combination treatment(n = 60).Patients assigned to the ARD group were given oral celecoxib,methotrexate,and esomeprazole.Patients assigned to theginger-partitioned stimulation group were given ginger-partitioned acupoint stimulation at Zusanli(ST 36) in addition to the ARDs.Patients in the combination treatment group were given oral Sanhuangwuji powder,ginger-partitioned acupoint stimulation at Zusanli(ST 36),and ARDs.All patients were followed up for 2 months to evaluate clinical effects and safety.The study was registered in the World Health Organization database at the General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Command Chinese People's Liberation Army(ChiCTR-TCC12002824).RESULTS:The combination treatment group had significantly greater improvements in RA symptoms,laboratory outcomes,and gastrointestinal symptom scores,compared with the other groups(P < 0.05).The peptic ulcer healing rate in the combination treatment group was significantly greater than that in the ARD treatment group(x^2 = 16.875,P < 0.05) and the ginger-partitioned stimulation group(x^2 = 6.171,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Combination treatment with ginger-partitioned acupoint stimulation at Zusanli(ST36),oral Sanhuangwuji powder,and ARDs had a better clinical effect for RA with complicated peptic ulcer,compared with ARD treatmentalone or in combination with ginger-partitioned acupoint stimulation. | Liu Defang Guo Mingyang Hu Yonghe Liu Taihua Yan Jiao Luo Yong Yun Mingdong Yang Min Zhang Jun Guo Linglin | 2015 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2015，35，3： | 9 |
| 2 | Predicting oral disintegrating tablet formulations by neural network techniques显示文摘Oral disintegrating tablets(ODTs) are a novel dosage form that can be dissolved on thetongue within 3 min or less especially for geriatric and pediatric patients. Current ODT for-mulation studies usually rely on the personal experience of pharmaceutical experts andtrial-and-error in the laboratory, which is inefficient and time-consuming. The aim of cur-rent research was to establish the prediction model of ODT formulations with direct com-pression process by artificial neural network(ANN) and deep neural network(DNN) tech-niques. 145 formulation data were extracted from Web of Science. All datasets were dividedinto three parts: training set(105 data), validation set(20) and testing set(20). ANN andDNN were compared for the prediction of the disintegrating time. The accuracy of the ANNmodel have reached 85.60%, 80.00% and 75.00% on the training set, validation set and testingset respectively, whereas that of the DNN model were 85.60%, 85.00% and 80.00%, respec-tively. Compared with the ANN, DNN showed the better prediction for ODT formulations.It is the first time that deep neural network with the improved dataset selection algorithmis applied to formulation prediction on small data. The proposed predictive approach couldevaluate the critical parameters about quality control of formulation, and guide researchand process development. The implementation of this prediction model could effectivelyreduce drug product development timeline and material usage, and proactively facilitatethe development of a robust drug product. | Run Han Yilong Yang Xiaoshan Li Defang Ouyang | 2018 | Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2018，13，4： | 6 |
| 3 | Effect of methotrexate combined with Sanhuang Yilong decoction on serum and synovial fluid aquaporin levels in rheumatoid arthritis dampness-heat blockage syndrome显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of methotrexate(MTX) combined with Sanhuang Yilong decoction(SYD) on aquaporin(AQP) expression,and to explore the role of AQPs in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).METHODS:A total of 118 dampness-heat blockage type RA patients who were hospitalized in the General Chengdu Military Hospital between January2014 and December 2016 were selected as subjects in this study(30 patient of these patients with knee joint effusion were assigned to the RA synovial fluid group).For the pre-treatment controlgroups,30 healthy volunteers were recruited as the healthy control group and 30 osteoarthritis(OA) patients with knee joint effusion were included as OA synovial fluid control group.The RA dampnessheat blockage syndrome treatment groups were divided into 45 cases in the combined group and 45 cases in the MTX group.The combined group received MTX combined with SYD treatment while the MTX group received MTX alone.AQP1,AQP2 and AQP3 expressions were detected in the serum and synovial fluid.RESULTS:AQP1 had the highest expression,followed by AQP3,and AQP2.The serum levels of AQP1,AQP2 and AQP3 were all significantly lower than those in the healthy volunteers(P < 0.05),while the synovial fluid AQP1,AQP2 and AQP3 expression in the RA group were comparable to these in the OA groups(P > 0.05).After treatment for2 weeks,serum AQP1,AQP2,AQP3 were significantly increased and erythrocyte sedimentation rate,C-reactive protein,disease activity score of 28 joints were decreased in the combined group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:Abnormal expression of AQPs inhibits water metabolism in RA dampness-heat blockage syndrome,so liquid is accumulated at the joint,which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of RA.MTX combined with SYD for the treatment of RA can effectively increase AQP expression. | Liu Defang Yan Jiao Guo Mingyang Luo Yong Yang Mei Yang Min Zou Longfu Li Wan Zhong Xiaolong Liu Tao Hu Yonghe | 2018 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2018，38，4： | 4 |
| 4 | Effect of Sanhuangyilong decoction plus methotrexate on tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma in serum and synovial fluid in rheumatoid arthritis patients with symptom pattern of damp heat obstruction显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Sanhuangyilong decoction plus methotrexate(MTX) on Interferon gamma(IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) in the serum and synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients with damp-heat-obstruction symptom pattern, Sanhuangyilong decoction and the role of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the development of RA.METHODS: RA inpatients with damp-heat-obstruction symptom pattern(partly with knee joint effusion) were selected as the research subjects. Before the treatment, healthy subjects and osteoarthritis(OA) patients with knee joint effusion were assigned to the serum control group and the synovial fluid control group, respectively; during the treatment, RA patients with damp-heat-obstruction symptom pattern were divided into two groups:one is combined group that was administered Sanhuangyilong decoction plus MTX; the other group was MTX group that received MTX only. The expression levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the serum and synovial fluid were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) before and after the treatment, and the peripheral blood levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), C-reactive protein(CRP) and disease activity score in 28 joints(DAS28)were determined.RESULTS: Before treatment, the serum levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the RA patients with dampheat-obstruction symptom pattern were higher than those in healthy control group(P < 0.05).The expression levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the synovial fluid of the RA patients were higher than those in the serum of the RA patients(P < 0.05). The expression levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the synovial fluid of the RA patients were higher than those of the sy-novial fluid of the osteoarthritis patients(P < 0.05).The expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the serum and synovial fluid of the RA patients had no correlation with the inflammatory activity index ESR, CRP,or DAS28(P > 0.05). After 2 weeks of treatment, the expression level of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the combined group had increased, although the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05); in contrast, ESR, CRP, and DAS28 decreased, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.01). After 4 weeks of therapy, TNF-alpha and IFN-γ, ESR,CRP, and DAS28 in the combined group decreased compared with the before-treatment levels(P <0.01). After 2 w of treatment, the differences in the TNF-α and IFN-γ expression levels in the combined group were not statistically significant(P > 0.05)compared with that in the MTX group, although there were statistically significant differences in the ESR, CRP, and DAS28(P < 0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, differences in TNF-α, IFN-γ, ESR, CRP, and DAS28 in the combined group compared with MTX group were statistically significant(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: TNF-α and IFN-γ might be involved in the development of RA. The RA patients with damp-heat-obstruction symptom pattern show better benefits from the treatment of Sanhuangyilong decoction plus MTX, and the treatment is superior to that of using MTX only. | Liu Defang Yan Jiao Yun Mingdong Yang Ming Luo Yong Zhang Jun Guo Mingyang Yang Mei Yuan Weili Zou Wei Li Hua Hu Yonghe | 2016 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2016，36，5： | 4 |
| 5 | Deep learning for in vitro prediction of pharmaceutical formulations显示文摘Current pharmaceutical formulation development still strongly relies on the traditional trialand-error methods of pharmaceutical scientists. This approach is laborious, time-consuming and costly.Recently, deep learning has been widely applied in many challenging domains because of its important capability of automatic feature extraction. The aim of the present research is to apply deep learning methods to predict pharmaceutical formulations. In this paper, two types of dosage forms were chosen as model systems. Evaluation criteria suitable for pharmaceutics were applied to assess the performance of the models. Moreover, an automatic dataset selection algorithm was developed for selecting the representative data as validation and test datasets. Six machine learning methods were compared with deep learning. Results showed that the accuracies of both two deep neural networks were above 80% and higher than other machine learning models; the latter showed good prediction of pharmaceutical formulations. In summary, deep learning employing an automatic data splitting algorithm and the evaluation criteria suitable for pharmaceutical formulation data was developed for the prediction of pharmaceutical formulations for the first time. The cross-disciplinary integration of pharmaceutics and artificial intelligence may shift the paradigm of pharmaceutical research from experience-dependent studies to data-driven methodologies. | Yilong Yang Zhuyifan Ye Yan Su Qianqian Zhao Xiaoshan Li Defang Ouyang | 2019 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2019，9，1： | 3 |
| 6 | Celastrol suppresses colorectal cancer via covalent targeting peroxiredoxin 1显示文摘As a terpenoids natural product isolated from the plant Thunder God Vine,Celastrol is widely studied for its pharmacological activities,including anti-tumor activities.The clinical application of Celastrol is strictly limited due to its severe side effects,whereas previously revealed targets and mechanism of Celastrol seldom reduce its in vivo toxicity via structural optimization.Target identification has a far-reaching influence on the development of innovative drugs,and omics data has been widely used for unbiased target prediction.However,it is difficult to enrich target of specific phenotype from thousands of genes or proteins,especially for natural products with broad promising activities.Here,we developed a text-mining-based web-server tool to enrich targets from omics data of inquired compounds.Then peroxiredoxin 1(PRDX1)was identified as the ROS-manipulating target protein of Celastrol in colorectal cancer.Our solved high-resolution crystal structure revealed the unique covalent binding mode of Celastrol with PRDX1.New derivative compound 19-048 with improved potency against PRDX1 and selectivity towards PRDX2~PRDX6 were synthesized based on crystal structure analysis.Both Celastrol and 19-048 effectively suppressed the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells.The anti-tumor efficacy of Celastrol and 19-048 was significantly diminished on xenograft nude mice bearing PRDX1 knock-down colorectal cancer cells.Several downstream genes of p53 signaling pathway were dramatically up-regulated with Celastrol or 19-048 treatment.Our findings reveal that the side effects of Celastrol could be reduced via structural modification,and PRDX1 inhibition is promising for the treatment of colorectal cancer. | Heng Xu Hongfang Zhao Chunyong Ding Defang Jiang Zijie Zhao Yang Li Xiaoyu Ding Jing Gao Hu Zhou Cheng Luo Guoqiang Chen Ao Zhang Ying Xu Hao Zhang | 2023 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2023，8，3： | 3 |
| 7 | Dietary isoleucine improved flesh quality,muscle antioxidant capacity,and muscle growth associated with AKT/TOR/S6K1 and AKT/FOXO3a signaling in hybrid bagrid catfish(Pelteobagrus vachelli♀×Leiocassis longirostris♂)显示文摘Background:Muscle is the complex and heterogeneous tissue,which comprises the primary edible part of the trunk of fish and mammals.Previous studies have shown that dietary isoleucine(Ile)exerts beneficial effects on growth in aquatic animals.However,there were limited studies regarding the benefits of Ile on fish muscle and their effects on flesh quality and muscle growth.Thus,this study was conducted to explore whether dietary Ile had affected flesh quality and muscle growth in hybrid bagrid catfish(Pelteobagrus vachelli♀×Leiocassis longirostris♂).Methods:A total of 630 hybrid fish,with an initial average body weight of 33.11±0.09 g,were randomly allotted into seven experimental groups with three replicates each,and respectively fed seven diets with 5.0,7.5,10.0,12.5,15.0,17.5,and 20.0 g Ile/kg diets for 8 weeks.Results:In the present study,we demonstrated that Ile significantly:(1)increased muscle protein and lipid contents and the frequency distribution of myofibers with≤20μm and≥50μm of diameter;(2)improved pH value,shear force,cathepsin B and L activities,hydroxyproline content,resilience,cohesiveness,and decreased cooking loss,lactate content,hardness,springiness,gumminess,and chewiness;(3)decreased reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialdehyde(MDA),and protein carbonyl(PC)contents,GCLC and Keap1 mRNA levels,and up-regulated CuZnSOD,CAT,GPX1a,GST,and Nrf2 mRNA levels;(4)up-regulated the insulin-like growth factor 1,2(IGF-1,IGF-2),insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor(IGF-1R),proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),Myf5,Myod,Myog,Mrf4,and MyHC mRNA levels,and decreased MSTN mRNAlevel;(5)increased muscle protein deposition by activating AKT-TOR-S6K1 and AKT-FOXO3a signaling pathways.Conclusion:These results revealed that dietary Ile improved flesh quality,which might be due to increasing nutritional content,physicochemical,texture parameters,and antioxidant ability;promoting muscle growth by affecting myocytes hyperplasia and hypertrophy,and muscle protein deposition associated with protein synthesis and degradation signaling pathways.Finally,the quadratic regression analysis of chewiness,ROS,and protein contents against dietary Ile levels suggested that the optimal dietary Ile levels for hybrid bagrid catfish was estimated to be 14.19,12.36,and 12.78 g/kg diet,corresponding to 36.59,31.87,and 32.96 g/kg dietary protein,respectively. | Qin Jiang Mingyao Yan Ye Zhao Xiaoqiu Zhou Long Yin Lin Feng Yang Liu Weidan Jiang Pei Wu Yan Wang Defang Chen Shiyong Yang Xiaoli Huang Jun Jiang | 2021 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2021，12，4： | 2 |
| 8 | Pathological Changes in Andrias davidianus Infected with Chinese Giant Salamander Ranavirus显示文摘Chinese giant salamander ranavirus(CGSRV) is an emerging pathogen in captive populations of the Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus). We processed 140 morbid Chinese giant salamanders from seven captive breeding populations over five years, and describe the disease associated with CGSRV infection. The most common gross signs were significant swelling of the legs and coelomic cavity, erythema of the legs and ventrum in juveniles; cutaneous erosions and ulcerations in adults, particularly the limbs and the head; and marked petechial or ecchymotic hemorrhages of the internal organs, particularly the liver, spleen and kidney. Histological examination showed degeneration, necrosis, and inflammation in many organs, particularly in the organs where hemorrhage was observed. There was evidence of eosinophilic inclusion bodies in degenerated and necrotic cells. We identified virus particles and empty capsids without viral nucleoid in the inclusion bodies using electron microscopy. Virus particles were hexagonal or round shape, and appeared in paracrystalline arrays, aggregates, or singly. All enveloped viral particles were 140–160 nm. Polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing verified that the virus particles were CGSRV. These results collectively support that CGSRV was the etiologic agent responsible for these mass die-offs of the Chinese giant salamander. The pathology described herein will be useful in diagnosing cases of ranaviral disease caused by CGSRV, and provide evidence that this pathogen is a significant threat to the Chinese giant salamander. | Yi GENG Matthew James GRAY Kaiyu WANG Defang CHEN Ping OUYANG Xiaoli HUANG Changliang HE Zhijun ZHONG Zexiao YANG | 2016 | Asian Herpetological Research2016，7，4： | 2 |
| 9 | Genome analysis and development of infectious cDNA clone of a virulence-attenuated strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus type Asia 1 from China显示文摘 | Aiguo Xin Huachun Li Le Li Defang Liao Yongqin Yang Nianzu Zhang Baoshan Chen | 2009 | Veterinary Microbiology2009，，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Integrated in silico formulation design of selfemulsifying drug delivery systems显示文摘The drug formulation design of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems(SEDDS)often requires numerous experiments,which are time-and money-consuming.This research aimed to rationally design the SEDDS formulation by the integrated computational and experimental approaches.4495 SEDDS formulation datasets were collected to predict the pseudo-ternary phase diagram by the machine learning methods.Random forest(RF)showed the best prediction performance with 91.3% for accuracy,92.0% for sensitivity and 90.7% for specificity in 5-fold cross-validation.The pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of meloxicam SEDDS were experimentally developed to validate the RF prediction model and achieved an excellent prediction accuracy(89.51%).The central composite design(CCD)was used to screen the best ratio of oil-surfactant-cosurfactant.Finally,molecular dynamic(MD)simulation was used to investigate the molecular interaction between excipients and drugs,which revealed the diffusion behavior in water and the role of cosurfactants.In conclusion,this research combined machine learning,central composite design,molecular modeling and experimental approaches for rational SEDDS formulation design.The integrated computer methodology can decrease traditional drug formulation design works and bring new ideas for future drug formulation design. | Haoshi Gao Haoyue Jia Jie Dong Xinggang Yang Haifeng Li Defang Ouyang | 2021 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2021，11，11： | 1 |
| 11 | Demonstration of thermal modulation using nanoscale and microscale structures for ultralarge pixel array photothermal transducers显示文摘Large-pixel-array infrared emitters are attractive in the applications of infrared imaging and detection.However,the array scale has been restricted in traditional technologies.Here,we demonstrated a light-driven photothermal transduction approach for an ultralarge pixel array infrared emitter.A metal-black coating with nanoporous structures and a silicon(Si)layer with microgap structures were proposed to manage the thermal input and output issues.The effects of the nanoscale structures in the black coating and microscale structures in the Si layer were investigated.Remarkable thermal modulation could be obtained by adjusting the nanoscale and microscale structures.The measured stationary and transient results of the fabricated photothermal transducers agreed well with the simulated results.From the input view,due to its wide spectrum and high absorption,the black coating with nanoscale structures contributed to a 5.6-fold increase in the temperature difference compared to that without the black coating.From the output view,the microgap structures in the Si layer eliminated the in-plane thermal crosstalk.The temperature difference was increased by 340%by modulating the out-of-plane microstructures.The proposed photothermal transducer had a rising time of 0.95 ms and a falling time of 0.53 ms,ensuring a fast time response.This method is compatible with low-cost and mass manufacturing and has promising potential to achieve ultralarge-array pixels beyond ten million. | Jinying Zhang Defang Li Zhuo Li Xin Wang Suhui Yang | 2021 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2021，7，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Ultrafiltration of Shiitake Polyphenol with Ultrasound Enhancement显示文摘Ultrafiltration(UF) experiments were subjected to the concentration of Shiitake polyphenol(SP) with ultrasound(US) enhancement, by which the effects of the main parameters such as ultrasonic power, transmembrane pressure, temperature and axial flow-rate on the membrane fluxes were analyzed, and then the SP of the ultrafiltrate after follow-up resin adsorption by HPLC was investigated. The results indicated that US could significantly enhance the membrane fluxes. The optimal conditions obtained was as follows: 0.60 W/cm2 US power, axial flow-rate of 80 L/h,operation temperature 30 ℃, transmembrane pressure 0.10 MPa. US increased the absorption capacity of the absorbent resin during the following stage. The HPLC analysis also showed that catechins were purified to some extent as the ultrafiltrate was treated by US and macroporous resin, indicating the technology of US enhancement coupled with UF showed the potential for concentration and purification of SP by absorbent resins. | Defang SHI Hong GAO Xiuzhi FAN De YANG Shujing XUE Wei CHENG | 2015 | Agricultural Science & Technology2015，16，10： | 0 |
| 13 | Ligand effects on electronic and optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional PbS necking percolative superlattices显示文摘The inter-nanocrystal (NC) distance, necking degree, ordering level, and NC surface ligands all affect the electronic and optoelectronic properties of NC solids. Herein, we introduce a unique PbS structure of necking percolative superlattices to exclude the morphological factors and study the effect of ligands on the NC properties. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data indicate that 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT), oxalic acid, mercaptopropionic acid, and NH4SCN (SCN) ligands were attached to the surface of NCs by substrate-supported ligand exchange. Field-effect transistors were tested and photodetector measurements were performed to compare these NC solids. An SCN-treated film had the highest mobility and responsivity under high-power intensity irradiation owing to its high carrier density, whereas an EDT-treated film had the lowest mobility, photocurrent, and dark current. These findings introduce new avenues for choosing suitable ligands for NC applications. | Man Zhao Defang Ding Fangxu Yang Dawei Wang Jiawei Lv Wenping Hu Chenguang Lu Zhiyong Tang | 2017 | Nano Research2017，10，4： | 0 |
| 14 | Glycerol steam reforming over hydrothermal synthetic Ni-Ca/attapulgite for green hydrogen generation显示文摘Glycerol steam reforming(GSR)is one of the promising technologies that can realize renewable hydrogen production and efficient utilization of crude glycerol.To illuminate the functions of Ca content(3%,6%,9%,and 12%,by mass)and preparation method for Ni/ATP catalyst structure and its catalytic behaviors,the Ni-xCa/ATP(x=3%,6%,9%,and 12%,by mass)catalysts are prepared by co-impregnation(ci)and hydrothermal synthesis(hs)method and then tested in GSR.Characterization results of XRD,N_(2) adsorption–desorption,H_(2)-TPR,HRTEM,XPS,and NH_(3)/CO_(2)-TPD demonstrate that the combined effect between appropriate Ca additive(6%,by mass)and hs enhance catalyst reducibility,uniform distribution of Ca additive and nickel species over ATP,and adsorption for CO_(2).This attributes to hs method protects the ATP framework through suppressing the interaction of Ca with ATP and promotes the formation of NiCaOx interface sites.Therefore,Ni-6Ca/ATP-hs exhibits the highest conversion(86.77%)of glycerol to gas product and H_(2) yield(76.17%)and selectivity(58.56%)during GSR.Furthermore,XRD,HRTEM,TGDTG and Raman analyses confirm that Ni-6Ca/ATP-hs also reveals outstanding anti-sintering and coke resistance.In addition,the structural evolution process of Ni/ATP catalyst with Ca introduction and hs method is presented.Considering the high performance,simple preparation process and low cost,the as-prepared catalyst providing new opportunities for utilization of glycerol derived from biodiesel industry. | Yishuang Wang Na Li Mingqiang Chen Defang Liang Chang Li Quan Liu Zhonglian Yang Jun Wang | 2022 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2022，35，8： | 0 |
| 15 | Analysis of the common model error on velocity field under Colored noise model by GPS and InSAR: A case study in the Nepal and everest region显示文摘The accuracy of the velocity field will be affected by the noise model and common mode errors through GPS time series analysis.In order to analyze the influence of these two factors on the accuracy of the velocity field,two kinds of data are used,including the three-year observation from 20 permanent GPS stations with high spatial correlation in the Everest,which is about 650 km from north to south and 1068 km from east to west,and three-year 80 ascending images and 141 descending images from sentinel-1A,which are processed by GAMIT/GLOBK software and Small Baseline Subset-Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar method(SBAS-InSAR),respectively.The vertical deformation rate is solved by time series analysis through a self-made adaptive algorithm.In the analysis,the linear change rate,period,half period coefficient,and residual sequence of all stations are solved by using James L.Davis periodic model.The noise type of residual sequence is analyzed by the power spectrum model.The spatio-temporal correlated noise,Common Mode Error(CME),is extracted by the Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and Karhunen-Loeve(KLE)methods.The results show that noises can be best described by“flicker noise+white noise”model.After the removal of CME,the R^(2) estimates of all stations are above 0.8,with RMS value of velocity field decreasing from 1.428 mm/yr to 1.062 mm/yr and 1.063 mm/yr to 0.815 mm/yr,in N and E directions,respectively,indicating that the influence of CME can't be ignored in the extraction of the high-precision velocity field in the Nepal and Everest region. | Wei Xu Gang Chen Kaihua Ding Defang Yang Yanfa Si Xiaoying Yang | 2022 | Geodesy and Geodynamics2022，13，4： | 0 |
| 16 | Formation of disinfection by-products during sodium hypochlorite cleaning of fouled membranes from membrane bioreactors显示文摘Periodic chemical cleaning with sodium hypochlorite(NaClO)is essential to restore the membrane permeability in a membrane bioreactor(MBR).However,the chlorination of membrane foulants results in the formation of disinfection by-products(DBPs),which will cause the deterioration of the MBR effluent and increase the antibiotic resistance in bacteria in the MBR tank.In this study,the formation of 14 DBPs during chemical cleaning offouled MBR membrane modules was investigated.Together with the effects of biofilm extracellular polymeric substances(EPS),influences of reaction time,NaClO dosage,initial pH,and cleaning temperature on the DBP formation were investigated.Haloacetic acids(HAAs)and trichloromethane(TCM),composed over 90%of the DBPs,were increasingly accumulated as the NaClO cleaning time extended.By increasing the chlorine dosage,temperature,and pH,the yield of TCM and dichloroacetic acid(DCAA)was increased by up to a factor of 1–14,whereas the yields of haloacetonitriles(HANs)and haloketones(HKs)were decreased.Either decreasing in the chlorine dosage and cleaning temperature or adjusting the pH of cleaning reagents toward acidic or alkaline could effectively reduce the toxic risks caused by DBPs.After the EPS extraction pretreatment,the formation of DBPs was accelerated in the first 12 h due to the damage of biofilm structure.Confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM)images showed that EPS,particularly polysaccharides,were highly resistant to chlorine and might be able to protect the cells exposed to chlorination. | Hao Wang Defang Ma Weiye Shi Zhiyu Yang Yun Cai Baoyu Gao | 2021 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2021，15，5： | 0 |
| 17 | Reduced Annealing Time and Enhanced Magnetocaloric Effect of La(Fe,Al)13 Alloy by La-nonstoichiometry and Si-doping显示文摘LaFe13-x Mx(M=Si,Al)alloys are promising for use in magnetic refrigeration.However,they require long annealing time(30 days)in order to optimize the magnetocaloric properties.Research has shown that the addition of extra La in off-stoichiometric alloys can greatly shorten the annealing time.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the extra addition of La on the annealing properties of a new off-stoichiometric La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4-xSix(x=0,0.1,0.4)alloys.It was demonstrated that after a 36 h annealing time,a large volume fraction of 1:13 magnetocaloric phase was obtained for all alloys.Further microstructural analysis of the off-stoichiometric La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4-xSix alloys revealed a facet-like grain morphology.The La1.7Fe11.6Al1.4 and La1.7Fe11.6Al1Si0.4 alloys were shown to contain large 1:13 phase precipitates separated in a La-rich matrix,while the La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 alloy had a continuous 1:13 phase matrix with a fine dispersion of La-rich precipitates throughout.When the magnetic field varied between 0 and 2 T,the corresponding magnetic entropy change and relative cooling capacity for the La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 specimen were determined as 4.58 J/kg K and 173.6 J/kg,respectively.More importantly,the La1.7Fe11.6Al1.3Si0.1 alloy displayed only a slight volume change when the meta-magnetic phase transition occurred,which is promising for cyclic use. | Liang Yang Jun Li Defang Tu Joel C.J.Strickland Qiaodan Hu Hongbiao Dong Jianguo Li | 2020 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2020，33，11： | 0 |
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