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| 1 | What is artificial meat and what does it mean for the future of the meat industry?显示文摘The meat industry cannot respond to increases in demand by ever increasing resource use. The industry must find solutions to issues regarding animal welfare, health and sustainability and will have to do so in the face of competition from emerging non-traditional meat and protein products in an increasingly complex regulatory environment. These novel meat and protein products, otherwise known as ‘artificial meat' are utilising ground breaking technologies designed to meet the issues facing the conventional meat industry. These artificial meats, in vitro or cultured meat and meat from genetically modified organisms have no real capacity to compete with conventional meat production in the present environment. However, meat replacements manufactured from plant proteins and mycoproteins are currently the biggest competitors and are gaining a small percentage of the market. Manufactured meats may push conventional meat into the premium end of the market, and supply the bulk, cheap end of the market if conventional meat products become more expensive and the palatability and versatility of manufactured meats improve. In time the technology for other artificial meats such as meat from genetic modified organisms or cultured meat may become sufficiently developed for these products to enter the market with no complexity of the competition between meat products. Conventional meat producers can assimilate agroecology ecology concepts in order to develop sustainable animal production systems. The conventional meat industry can also benefit from assimilating biotechnologies such as cloning and genetic modification technologies, using the technology to adapt to the changing environment and respond to the increasing competition from artificial meats. Although it will depend at least partly on the evolution of conventional meat production, the future of artificial meat produced from stem cells appears uncertain at this time. | Sarah P F Bonny Graham E Gardner David W Pethick Jean-Franois Hocquette | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，2： | 15 |
| 2 | Methanol conversion to hydrocarbons over zeolite catalysts comments on the reaction mechanism for the formation of the first carbon-carbon bond 显示文摘 | Graham J Hutchings Graeme W Watson David J Willock | 1999 | Microporous and Mesoporous Materials1999，29，12： | 1 |
| 3 | Effects of alteplase beyond 3 h after stroke in the Echoplanar Imaging Thrombolytic Evaluation Trial (EPITHET): a placebo-controlled randomised trial显示文摘 | Stephen M Davis Geoffrey A Donnan Mark W Parsons Christopher Levi Kenneth S Butcher Andre Peeters P Alan Barber Christopher Bladin Deidre A De Silva Graham Byrnes Jonathan B Chalk John N Fink Thomas E Kimber David Schultz Peter J Hand Judith Frayne Graeme | 2008 | Lancet Neurology2008，，4： | 1 |
| 4 | A low-power programmable bandpass filter section for higher order filter applications显示文摘 | David W Graham Paul E Hasler | 2007 | IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems2007，54，6： | 1 |
| 5 | A Low-Power Programmable Bandpass Filter Section for Higher Order Filter Applications 显示文摘 | David W Graham Paul E Hasler Ravi Chawla Paul D Smith | 2007 | IEEE Trans Circuits Syst I2007，54，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Methanobactin,A Copper-Acquisition Compound from Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria显示文摘 | Hyung J Kim David W Graham Alan A DiSpirito | 2004 | Science2004，305，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Recycling SMCS crap as a Reinforcement显示文摘 | RALPH J GRAHAM B DAVID W | 1991 | Plastics Engineering1991，47，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Detection of genotypic clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori by string tests显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the utility of the string test to detect genotypic clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori)by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism.METHODS:Patients undergoing endoscopic examinations were enrolled in the present study.String tests were done on the next day of endoscopy.Segments of 23S rRNA were amplified from DNA obtained from string tests.PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism was accomplished by restriction enzymes BbsI and BsaI recognizing the mutation site A to G at 2143or at 2142 of 23S rRNA domain V,respectively.RESULTS:One hundred and thirty-four patients with H.pylori infection underwent string tests.To compare phenotypic resistance,43 isolates were successfully cultured in 79 patients in whom 23S rRNA was successfully amplified.Of five patients with clarithromycinresistant H.pylori,23S rRNA of H.pylori isolates from four patients could be digested by BsaI.In 38 susceptible isolates,23S rRNA of H.pylori isolates from 36 patients could not be digested by either BsaI or BbsI.The sensitivity and specificity of the string test to detect genotypic clarithromycin resistance were 66.7%and97.3%,respectively.Positive and negative predictive values were 80%and 94.7%,respectively.CONCLUSION:String test with molecular analysis is a less invasive method to detect genotypic resistance before treatment.Further large-scale investigations are necessary to confirm our results. | Jeng-Yih Wu Sophie S W Wang Yi-Chern Lee Yoshio Yamaoka David Y Graham Chang-Ming Jan Wen-Ming Wang Deng-Chyang Wu | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，12： | 0 |
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