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| 1 | 中国妇女妊娠前后单纯服用叶酸对神经管畸形的预防效果显示文摘目的 评价妇女在妊娠前后服用单纯 40 0 μg叶酸增补剂对胎 /婴儿神经管畸形 (NTDs)的预防效果。方法 1993~ 1995年在中国北方的NTDs高发地区和南方的NTDs低发地区妇女增补叶酸的推广项目中 ,共募集从孕前或孕后任何时间开始服药的妇女 130 142名 ,未服药的妇女 1176 89名 ;设计的服药方法从婚检时开始到孕满 3个月为止 ,每天服用单纯叶酸片 40 0 μg ;最后对妇女的分娩结局进行监测并进行预防效果的对比评价研究。结果 服药组妇女生育的胎婴儿中共发现 10 2例NTDs ,对照组胎婴儿中共发现 173例NTDs。末次月经前募集的未服药妇女在孕 2 0周以后分娩的胎婴中NTDs发生率 ,北方为 4 8‰ (16 / 3 318) ,南方为 1 0‰ (2 8/ 2 82 6 5 ) ,而妊娠前后服药妇女组则分别为1 0‰ (13/ 13 0 12 )和 0 6‰ (34/ 5 86 38)。与末次月经前募集的未服药妇女组相比 ,北方服药妇女NTDs发生率明显降低 ,其中依从性大于 80 %的服药组妇女预防率达 85 % (95 %CI为 6 2 %~ 94% ) ,南方地区服叶酸的预防率为 41% (95 %CI为 3 %~ 6 4% )。结论 妇女在妊娠前后每天服用单纯叶酸 40 0 | 李竹 RobertJ Berry 李松 J David Erickson 王红 Cynthia A Moore 赵平 Joseph Mulinare 洪世欣 Lee-Yang C Wong 呼和牧人 Jacqueline Gindler 郝玲 Adolfo Correa 朱慧萍 Elaine Gunter | 2000 | 中华医学杂志2000，80，7： | 185 |
| 2 | 基于U形卷积神经网络的震相识别与到时拾取方法研究显示文摘精确获取震相到时是地震定位和地震走时成像等研究的重要基础.近年来,随着地震台站的不断加密,地震台网监测到的地震数量成倍增长,发展快速、准确、适用性强的震相到时自动拾取算法是地震行业的迫切需求.本文在前人工作基础上,发展了Pg、Sg震相自动识别与到时拾取的U网络算法(Unet_cea),使用汶川余震和首都圈地震台网记录的89344个不同震级、不同信噪比的样本进行训练和测试.研究表明,U网络能够较好地识别Pg、Sg震相类型和拾取到时,Pg、Sg震相的正确识别率分别为81%和79.1%,与人工标注到时的均方根误差分别为0.41s和0.54s.U网络在命中率、均方根误差等性能指标上均明显优于STA/LTA和峰度分析自动拾取方法.研究获得的最优模型可以为区域地震台网的自动处理提供辅助. | 赵明 陈石 房立华 David A Yuen | 2019 | 地球物理学报2019，62，8： | 55 |
| 3 | 定量古生物学软件PAST及其常用功能显示文摘近半个世纪以来,古生物学涉及越来越复杂的现象与过程,难以用传统的经验科学方法来解决。伴随着相关研究引入日益增多的定量分析,古生物学逐渐成为一门可定量分析的科学。作为最早的古生物学专用的免费统计软件包,PAST功能全面、易于使用,并在过去十几年中发展迅速,目前已在相关软件中占据重要地位。本文在简单介绍该软件基本操作方法的基础上,结合古生物学应用案例,解读最常用到的几类'常规统计分析'与'多元统计分析'的使用;同时,针对古生物学相关领域中的'多样性、丰度及居群结构','形态学'和'生物地层学'问题,给出具体分析实例。在相关案例的分析介绍中,详细梳理用PAST实现这些分析的具体步骤,因而具有较好的实用参考价值。受篇幅所限,文章对软件中其他不常用但相对重要的9个模块只进行简要介绍,以供读者在偶尔涉及该类分析时参考。PAST软件不仅功能强大,而且能够针对古生物学及地层学浮现出来的最新前沿问题不断进行调整、更新,值得在古生物学界推广使用。 | 黄冰 David A T Harper φyvind Hammer | 2013 | 古生物学报2013，52，2： | 28 |
| 4 | Non-viral causes of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and represents an international public health concern as one of the most deadly cancers worldwide.The main etiology of HCC is chronic infection with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses.However,there are other important factors that contribute to the international burden of HCC.Among these are obesity,diabetes,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and dietary exposures.Emerging evidence suggests that the etiology of many cases of HCC is in fact multifactorial,encompassing infectious etiologies,comorbid conditions and environmental exposures.Clarification of relevant non-viral causes of HCC will aid in preventative efforts to curb the rising incidence of this disease. | Wojciech Blonski David S Kotlyar Kimberly A Forde | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，29： | 25 |
| 5 | Stem cells for liver tissue repair:Current knowledge and perspectives显示文摘Stem cells from extra-or intrahepatic sources have been recently characterized and their usefulness for the generation of hepatocyte-like lineages has been demonstrated. Therefore, they are being increasingly considered for future applications in liver cell therapy. In that field, liver cell transplantation is currently regarded as a possible alternative to whole organ transplantation, while stem cells possess theoretical advantages on hepatocytes as they display higher in vitro culture performances and could be used in autologous transplant procedures. However, the current research on the hepatic fate of stem cells is still facing difficulties to demonstrate the acquisition of a full mature hepatocyte phenotype, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the lack of obvious demonstration of in vivo hepatocyte-like cell functionality remains associated to low repopulation rates obtained after current transplantation procedures. The present review focuses on the current knowledge of the stem cell potential for liver therapy. We discuss the characteristics of the principal cell candidates and the methods to demonstrate their hepatic potential in vitro and in vivo. We finally address the question of the future clinical applications of stem cells for liver tissue repair and the technical aspects that remain to be investigated. | Philippe A Lysy David Campard Fran oise Smets Mustapha Najimi Etienne M Sokal | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，6： | 22 |
| 6 | Methylation-dependent loss of RIP3 expression in cancer represses programmed necrosis in response to chemotherapeutics显示文摘交往受体的蛋白质 kinase-3 (RIP3 或 RIPK3 ) 是执行 “ 的细胞的机械的必要部分; programmed”或 “ regulated”坏死。这里,我们证明那规划坏死响应许多化学疗法的代理人被激活并且贡献导致化疗的房间死亡。然而,我们证明那 RIP3 表情经常在化学疗法的死亡期间由于它的 transcriptional 开始地点, MLKL 的这样 RIP3 依赖的激活和下游地规划的坏死附近的 genomic methylation 是在癌症房间的 silenced 大部分被镇压。不过,有 hypomethylating 代理人的治疗恢复 RIP3 表示,并且从而以一种 RIP3 依赖的方式把敏感提升到 chemotherapeutics。RIP3 表示在 85% 乳癌病人与正常织物相比在肿瘤被减少,建议那 RIP3 缺乏断然在肿瘤生长 / 发展期间被选择。因为 hypomethylating 代理人在病人是相当容忍得好的,我们建议病人们可以从收到 hypomethylating 代理人与常规 chemotherapeutics 在治疗以前导致 RIP3 表示有益于的那 RIP3 缺乏的癌症。 | Gi-Bang Koo Michael J Morgan Da-Gyum Lee Woo-Jung Kim Jung-Ho Yoon Ja Seung Koo Seung I1 Kim Soo Jung Kim Mi Kwon Son Soon Still Hong Jean M Mulcahy Levy Daniel A Pollyea Craig T Jordan Pearlly Yan David Frankhouser Deedra Nicolet Kati Maharry Guido Marcucci Kyeong Sook Choi Hyeseong Cho ndrew Thorbum You-Sun Kim | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，6： | 20 |
| 7 | The timing of bowel preparation before colonoscopy determines the quality of cleansing,and is a significant factor contributing to the detection of flat lesions:A randomized study显示文摘AIM: To compare the cleansing quality of polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution and sodium phosphate with different schedules of administration, and to evaluate whether the timing of the administration of bowel preparation affects the detection of polyps. METHODS: One hundred and seventy-seven consecutive outpatients scheduled for colonoscopy were randomized in one of four groups to receive polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution or oral sodium phosphate with two different timing schedules. Quality of cleansing, polyp detection, and tolerance were evaluated. RESULTS: Patients receiving polyethylene glycol or sodium phosphate on the same day as the colonoscopy, obtained good to excellent global cleansing scores more frequently than patients who received polyethylene glycol or sodium phosphate on the day prior to the procedure (P < 0.001). Flat lesions, but not flat adenomas, were more frequent in patients prepared on the same day (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: The quality of colonic cleansing and the detection of flat lesions are significantly improved when the preparation is taken on the day of the colonoscopy. | Adolfo Parra-Blanco David Nicolás-Pérez Antonio Gimeno-García Begoa Grosso Alejandro Jiménez Juan Ortega Enrique Quintero | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，38： | 19 |
| 8 | Relationship of functional gastrointestinal disorders and psychiatric disorders: Implications for treatment显示文摘这篇文章重游在象急躁的肠症候群( IBS )那样的精神病理学和功能的胃肠的混乱之间的连接,讨论抗抑郁剂的合理使用以及非药理学来临到 IBS 的管理,并且从知识的现在的状态基于一个学科交差的观点为 IBS 的处理建议指南。精神病学的混乱上的相关出版文学,特别躯体化混乱在 IBS 的上下文,并且为管理的文学提供方向被考察,并且新方向在文学从调查结果被提供。IBS 是有为它的临床的演讲负责的各种各样的潜在的机制的异构的症候群。IBS 与在另外的机关系统的精神病学的问题, unexplained 症状,和功能的症候群典型地是复杂的。没有表明的原因,大多数 IBS 病人有多重抱怨,并且这些症状能包含除肠以外的系统,例如骨头和关节(fibromyalgia,颞下颌关节症候群) ,心(非心脏的胸痛) ,脉管(绝经后的症候群) ,并且大脑(焦虑,消沉) 。大多数 IBS 病人没有精神病学的病伴随他们的 somatoform (当医药混乱不在时的物理症状) 的精神分析形式(当精神病学的混乱不在时的心理抱怨) 的本身,而是一个范围症状抱怨。作为精神病学的病人把 IBS 病人标记不是正确的(除了有真躯体化的那些更困难的病人混乱) 。治疗的一个模式是不大可能的普遍有效或解决大多数症状。心理疗法或认知行为的治疗的技术能允许 IBS 病人与他们的病更乐意地处理。特定的事件压抑或焦虑混乱能为那些条件作为适当被管理。设计改进焦虑或消沉的药不为在 IBS 的精神病学的抱怨是一致地有用的,因为听起来类似于在精神病学的混乱看见的那些的精神分析形式症状不能与 IBS 在病人有一样的意义。 | Carol S North Barry A Hong David H Alpers | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，14： | 17 |
| 9 | 冠状动脉内影像学临床应用专家共识(第一部分):对冠状动脉介入治疗的指导与优化显示文摘欧洲心血管介入协会(EAPCI)专家组系统总结了血管内超声(IVUS)和光学相干断层成像(OCT)这两种血管内影像学检查临床应用指征的现有证据,提供了关于IVUS和OCT指导经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的应用价值,并明确了最可能从腔内影像学指导的介入治疗中获得临床收益的患者或病变类型,同时详细论述了PCI前如何使用IVUS或OCT优化支架尺寸(支架长度和直径)和手术策略的选择。此外,专家推荐对支架失败(支架内再狭窄或支架内血栓形成)的患者应常规进行冠状动脉内影像学检查,并首选OCT。最后,重点论述了IVUS和OCT在指导PCI和评估支架失败两个方面的优势和局限性,并对未来需要深入研究的领域进行了展望。 | Lorenz Raber Gary S Mintz Konstantinos C Koskinas Thomas W Johnson Niels R Holm Yoshinubo Onuma Maria D Radu Michael Joner Bo Yu Haibo Jia Nicolas Meneveau Jose M.de la Torre Hemandez Javier Escaned Jonathan Hill Francesco Prati Antonio Colombo Carlo di Mario Evelyn Regar Davide Capodanno William Wijns Robert A Byme Giulio Guagliumi | 2019 | 中华心血管病杂志2019，47，1： | 17 |
| 10 | Safety of tirofiban and dual antiplatelet therapy in treating intracranial aneurysms显示文摘Background Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms usually involves stent-assisted coiling(SAC)and flow diverters.Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors such as tirofiban and dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT)are required to prevent thromboembolic complications afterwards.We sought to determine the safety of tirofiban and DAPT in these cases.Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of our database for patients with intracranial aneurysms who underwent SAC or flow diversion.The tirofiban-DAPT protocol used is described.Data regarding duration of infusion,placement of external ventricular devices(EVDs),complications,haemoglobin levels and platelet count before and 24 hours after antiplatelet therapy were collected and analysed.results One-hundred and forty-one patients with 148 aneurysms/procedures were included.110 aneurysms were treated acutely and 38 electively.Minor and major haemorrhagic events were recognised in 20%(30/148)aneurysms.Only 5(3.4%)intracerebral haemorrhages were symptomatic:3 cortical/SAH and 2 EVD-related.The average blood volume in symptomatic haemorrhages was 24.8 cc versus 5.42 cc in asymptomatic haemorrhages(p=0.002).The rate of EVD-related haemorrhages was 15.7%(19/121)and only 2(1.7%)were symptomatic.Most haemorrhagic events occurred in ruptured aneurysms(90.1%,p=0.01).No significant change in platelet count or haemoglobin levels before and 24 hours after administration of tirofiban and DAPT was documented.Concomitant administration of heparin did not increase haemorrhagic events.Conclusion The use of the GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors tirofiban and DAPT in this series was safe.Tirofiban and DAPT did not affect platelet count or haemoglobin levels and did not increase rate of symptomatic haemorrhages or thromboembolic complications. | Edgar A Samaniego Emilee Gibson Daichi Nakagawa Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez Mario Zanaty Jorge A Roa Pascal Jabbour David M Hasan | 2019 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2019，4，1： | 17 |
| 11 | The Immune System and the Role of Inflammation in Perinatal Depression显示文摘Major depression during pregnancy is a common psychiatric disorder that arises from a complex and multifactorial etiology. Psychosocial stress, sex, hormones, and genetic vulnerability increase the risk for triggering mood disorders. Microglia and toll-like receptor 4 play a crucial role in triggering wide and varied stress-induced responses mediated through activation of the inflammasome; this leads to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, increased serotonin metabolism, and reduction of neurotransmitter availability along with hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis hyperactivity. Dysregulation of this intricate neuroimmune communication network during pregnancy modifies the maternal milieu, enhancing the emergence of depressive symptoms and negative obstetric and neuropsychiatric outcomes. Although several studies have clearly demonstrated the role of the innate immune system in major depression, it is still unclear how the placenta, the brain, and the monoaminergic and neuroendocrine systems interact during perinatal depression. Thus, in the present review we describe the cellular and molecular interactions between these systems in major depression during pregnancy, proposing that the same stress-related mechanisms involved in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and peripheral myeloid cells in depressed patients operate in a similar fashion in the neuroimmune placenta during perinatal depression. Thus, activation of Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 signaling and the NLRP3 inflammasome in placental immune cells may promote a shift of the Th1/Th2 bias towards a predominant Th1/Th17 inflammatory response, associated with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, among other secreted autocrine and paracrine mediators, which play a crucial role in triggering and/or exacerbating depressive symptoms during pregnancy. | Philippe Leff-Gelman Ismael Mancilla-Herrera Monica Flores-Ramos Carlos Cruz-Fuentes Juan Pablo Reyes-Grajeda maría del pilar garcía-cuétara Marielle Danitza Bugnot-Perez David Ellioth Pulido-Ascencio | 2016 | Neuroscience Bulletin2016，32，4： | 17 |
| 12 | Current medical treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer显示文摘Approximately 80% of breast cancers(BC) are estrogen receptor(ER)-positive and thus endocrine therapy(ET) should be considered complementary to surgery in the majority of patients. The advantages of oophorectomy, adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy in women with advanced BC have been demonstrated many years ago, and currently ET consist of(1) ovarian function suppression(OFS), usually obtained using gonadotropinreleasing hormone agonists(Gn RHa);(2) selective estrogen receptor modulators or down-regulators(SERMs or SERDs); and(3) aromatase inhibitors(AIs), or a combination of two or more drugs. For patients aged less than 50 years and ER+ BC, there is no conclusive evidence that the combination of OFS and SERMs(i.e., tamoxifen) or chemotherapy is superior to OFS alone. Tamoxifen users exhibit a reduced risk of BC, both invasive and in situ, especially during the first 5 years of therapy, and extending the treatment to 10 years further reduced the risk of recurrences. SERDs(i.e., fulvestrant) are especially useful in the neoadjuvant treatment of advanced BC, alone or in combination with either cytotoxic agents or AIs. There are two types of AIs: type Ⅰ are permanent steroidal inhibitors of aromatase, while type Ⅱ are reversible nonsteroidal inhibitors. Several studies demonstrated the superiority of the third-generation AIs(i.e., anastrozole and letrozole) compared with tamoxifen, and adjuvant therapy with AIs reduces the recurrence risk especially in patients with advanced BC. Unfortunately, some cancers are or became ET-resistant, and thus other drugs have been suggested in combination with SERMs or AIs, including cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors(palbociclib) and mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR) inhibitors, such as everolimus. Further studies are required to confirm their real usefulness. | Franco Lumachi Davide A Santeufemia Stefano MM Basso | 2015 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2015，6，3： | 16 |
| 13 | Endoscopy and polyps-diagnostic and therapeutic advances in management显示文摘Despite multiple efforts aimed at early detection through screening, colon cancer remains the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, with an estimated 51000 deaths during 2013 alone. The goal remains to identify and remove benign neoplastic polyps prior to becoming invasive cancers. Polypoid lesions of the colon vary widely from hyperplastic, hamartomatous and inflammatory to neoplastic adenomatous growths. Although these lesions are all benign, they are common, with up to one-quarter of patients over 60 years old will develop pre-malignant adenomatous polyps. Colonoscopy is the most effective screening tool to detect polyps and colon cancer, although several studies have demonstrated missed polyp rates from 6%-29%, largely due to variations in polyp size. This number can be as high as 40%, even with advanced (> 1 cm) adenomas. Other factors including sub-optimal bowel preparation, experience of the endoscopist, and patient anatomical variations all affect the detection rate. Additional challenges in decision-making exist when dealing with more advanced, and typically larger, polyps that have traditionally required formal resection. In this brief review, we will explore the recent advances in polyp detection and therapeutic options. | Scott R Steele Eric K Johnson Bradley Champagne Brad Davis Sang Lee David Rivadeneira Howard Ross Dana A Hayden Justin A Maykel | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，27： | 16 |
| 14 | Validation of the Rockall scoring system for outcomes from non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a Canadian setting显示文摘AIM: To validate the Rockall scoring system for predicting outcomes of rebleeding, and the need for a surgical procedure and death. METHODS: We used data extracted from the Registry of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Endoscopy including information of 1869 patients with non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding treated in Canadian hospitals. Risk scores were calculated and used to classify patients based on outcomes. For each outcome, we used χ2 goodness-of-fit tests to assess the degree of calibration, and built receiver operating characteristic curves and calculated the area under the curve (AUC) to evaluate the discriminative ability of the scoring system. RESULTS: For rebleeding, the χ2 goodness-of-fit test indicated an acceptable fit for the model [χ2 (8) = 12.83, P = 0.12]. For surgical procedures [χ2 (8) = 5.3, P = 0.73] and death [χ2 (8) = 3.78, P = 0.88], the tests showed solid correspondence between observed proportions and predicted probabilities. The AUC was 0.59 (95% CI: 0.55-0.62) for the outcome of rebleeding and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.54-0.67) for surgical procedures, representing apoor discriminative ability of the scoring system. For the outcome of death, the AUC was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.69-0.78), indicating an acceptable discriminative ability. CONCLUSION: The Rockall scoring system provides an acceptable tool to predict death, but performs poorly for endpoints of rebleeding and surgical procedures. | Robert A Enns Yves M Gagnon Alan N Barkun David Armstrong Jamie C Gregor Richard N Fedorak RUGBE Investigators Group | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，48： | 14 |
| 15 | 载脂蛋白E、5-羟色胺转运体基因多态性与阿尔茨海默病的关联分析显示文摘目的 探索载脂蛋白E (apoE)基因及 5 羟色胺 (5 HT)转运体基因多态性在阿尔茨海默病 (AD)发病中的作用。方法 应用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)和限制性片段长度多态性方法 ,观察 10 2例AD和 10 5名正常对照者 (对照组 )的apoE基因多态性及 2个 5 HT转运体基因多态性的分布。结果中、重度AD患者含apoEε4 基因型频率 (2 4% )高于对照组 (12 % ) ,但差异无显著性 (χ2 =3 17,P >0 0 5 ) ;携带apoEε4 等位基因频率 (16 % )高于正常对照 [(7% ) ,χ2 =6 43,P <0 0 5 ,RR =2 6 0 ,95 %CI =1 14~ 5 95 ]和轻度AD[(6 % ) ,χ2 =5 0 9,P <0 0 5 ;RR =2 98,95 %CI=1 0 3~ 8 96 ]。AD患者中携带的apoEε4 等位基因数多者的发病年龄低 ,不含ε4 、含 1个ε4 、含 2个ε4 等位基因者发病年龄分别为 (78± 8)岁、(75± 8)岁、(71± 8)岁 (F =1 85 ,P >0 0 5 )。AD患者 5 HT转运体基因启动子区缺失 /插入多态性 (χ2 =1 0 3,P >0 0 5 )及可变数重复序列多态性 (χ2 =0 0 3,P >0 0 5 )与对照组的差异无显著性。结论 apoEε4 等位基因与中、重度AD相关联 ,是中、重度AD的易感因素 ;不支持 5 | 唐牟尼 李涛 刘协和 韩海英 唐铭民 David A Collier | 2000 | 中华精神科杂志2000，33，3： | 14 |
| 16 | Non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with alcoholic liver disease显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) consists of a broad spectrum of disorders, ranging from simple steatosisto alcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Fatty liver develops in more than 90% of heavy drinkers, however only 30%-35% of them develop more advanced forms of ALD. Therefore, even if the current 'gold standard' for the assessment of the stage of alcohol-related liver injury is histology, liver biopsy is not reasonable in all patients who present with ALD. Currently, although several non-invasive fibrosis markers have been suggested as alternatives to liver biopsy in patients with ALD, none has been sufficiently validated. As described in other liver disease, the diagnostic accuracy of such tests in ALD is acceptable for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis or cirrhosis but not for lesser fibrosis stages. Existing data suggest that the use of noninvasive tests could be tailored to first tier screening of patients at risk, in order to diagnose early patients with progressive liver disease and offer targeted interventions for the prevention of decompensation. We review these tests and critically appraise the existing evidence. | Rosa Lombardi Elena Buzzetti Davide Roccarina Emmanuel A Tsochatzis | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，39： | 13 |
| 17 | Validation of Fujinon intelligent chromoendoscopy with high definition endoscopes in colonoscopy显示文摘AIM:To validate high definition endoscopes with Fujinon intelligent chromoendoscopy(FICE) in colonoscopy.METHODS:The image quality of normal white light endoscopy(WLE),that of the 10 available FICE filters and that of a gold standard(0.2% indigo carmine dye) were compared.RESULTS:FICE-filter 4 [red,green,and blue(RGB) wavelengths of 520,500,and 405 nm,respectively] provided the best images for evaluating the vascular pattern compared to white light.The mucosal surface was best assessed using filter 4.However,the views obtained were not rated significantly better than those observed with white light.The 'gold standard',indigo carmine(IC) dye,was found to be superior to both white light and filter 4.Filter 6(RGB wavelengths of 580,520,and 460 nm,respectively) allowed for exploration of the IC-stained mucosa.When assessing mucosal polyps,both FICE with magnification,and magnification following dye spraying were superior to the same techniques without magnification and to white light imaging.In the presence of suboptimal bowel preparation,observation with the FICE mode was possible,and endoscopists considered it to be superior to observation with white light.CONCLUSION:FICE-filter 4 with magnification improves the image quality of the colonic vascular patterns obtained with WLE. | Adolfo Parra-Blanco Alejandro Jiménez Bjrn Rembacken Nicolás González David Nicolás-Pérez Antonio Z Gimeno-García Marta Carrillo-Palau Takahisa Matsuda Enrique Quintero | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，42： | 12 |
| 18 | 灵宝扩建工程6英寸换流阀的设计和试验显示文摘对灵宝扩建工程6英寸换流阀的设计、绝缘和运行试验进行了介绍,并给出了试验电路拓扑。灵宝扩建工程是世界上首次基于6英寸晶闸管换流阀将额定直流电流提升至4 500 A的工程实践。直流换流阀的设计是直流输电工程的关键技术之一,直接影响工程的安全可靠运行。 | 查鲲鹏 温家良 王高勇 杨晓楠 周军川 高冲 David A Jackson | 2010 | 电网技术2010，34，12： | 10 |
| 19 | Rotational assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with reconstructive gastrointestinal surgical anatomy显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the success rates of performing therapy utilizing a rotational assisted enteroscopy device in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) in surgically altered anatomy patients. METHODS: Between June 1, 2009 and November 8, 2012, we performed 42 ERCPs with the use of rotational enteroscopy for patients with altered anatomy(39 with gastric bypass Roux-en-Y, 2 with Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy, and 1 with hepaticojejunostomy associated with liver transplant). The indications for ERCP were: choledocholithiasis: 13 of 42(30.9%), biliary obstruction suggested on imaging: 20 of 42(47.6%), suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: 4 of 42(9.5%), abnormal liver enzymes: 1 of 42(2.4%), ascending cholangitis: 2 of 42(4.8%), and bile leak: 2 of 42(4.8%). All procedures were completed with the Olympus SIF-Q180 enteroscope and the Endo-Ease Discovery SB overtube produced by Spirus Medical. RESULTS: Successful visualization of the major ampulla was accomplished in 32 of 42 procedures(76.2%). Cannulation of the bile duct was successful in 26 of 32 procedures reaching the major ampulla(81.3%). Successful therapeutic intervention was completed in 24 of 26 procedures in which the bileduct was cannulated(92.3%). The overall intention to treat success rate was 64.3%. In terms of cannulation success, the intention to treat success rate was 61.5%. Ten out of forty two patients(23.8%) required admission to the hospital after procedure for abdominal pain and nausea, and 3 of those 10 patients(7.1%) had a diagnosis of post-ERCP pancreatitis. The average hospital stay was 3 d.CONCLUSION: It is reasonable to consider an attempt at rotational assisted ERCP prior to a surgical intervention to alleviate biliary complications in patients with altered surgical anatomy. | Majed El Zouhairi James B Watson Svetang V Desai David K Swartz Alejandra Castillo-Roth Mahfuzul Haque Paul S Jowell Malcolm S Branch Rebecca A Burbridge | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，3： | 10 |
| 20 | Haplotype of prostaglandin synthase 2/cyclooxygenase 2 is involved in the susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM: Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2 or COX2) is one of the key factors in the cellular response to inflammation.PTGS2 is expressed in the affected intestinal segments of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In IBD patients, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which have been shown to reduce both the production and activity of PTGS2, may activate IBD and aggravate the symptoms.We aimed at examining genetic variants of PTGS2 that may be risk factors for IBD.METHODS: We genotyped 291 individuals diagnosed with IBD and 367 controls from the Dutch population for the five most frequent polymorphisms of the PTGS2 gene.Clinical data were collected on all patients. DNA was extracted via normal laboratory methods. Genotyping was carried out using multiplex PCR followed by the Invader Assay and the 5' exonuclease assay (TaqMan). New polymorphism screening was performed by pre-screening with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography,followed by fluorescent sequencing.RESULTS: Allele 5209G was weakly associated with Crohn's disease (odds ratio [OR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-2.57), and allele 8473T with ulcerative colitis (OR 1.50, 95%CI 1.00-2.27). The haplotype including both alleles showed a strong association with IBD (OR 13.15, 95%CI 3.17-116.15). This haplotype, while rare (-0.3%) in the general population, is found more frequently in patients (3.5%).CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that this haplotype of PTGS2 contributes to the susceptibility of IBD. | David G Cox J Bart A Crusius Petra HM Peeters H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita A Salvador Pe(n|~)a Federico Canzian | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，38： | 10 |
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