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| 1 | 缺血性脑卒中和出血性脑卒中患者发病前后血压的变化显示文摘《中国高血压防治指南2010》指出,急性脑卒中的血压处理缺乏足够的临床试验证据,参考建议如下:急性脑卒中溶栓前血压应控制在<185/110mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133kPa)。对急性缺血性脑卒中发病24h内血压升高的患者应谨慎处理,收缩压≥180mm Hg或舒张压≥100mm Hg或伴有严重心功能不全、主动脉夹层、高血压脑病者,一般不予降压。降压的合理目标是24h内血压降低约15%。有高血压病史且正在服用降压药物者,如神经功能平稳,可于脑卒中发病后24h开始使用降压药物。因此,了解脑卒中患者发病前后的血压情况对临床治疗有重要的意义。Fischer等研究者探讨缺血性脑卒中和出血性脑卒中患者发病前后血压的变化情况。结果表明,缺血性脑卒中患者发病后首次测量的收缩压低于出血性脑卒中。与发病前比较,缺血性脑卒中发病后收缩压略升高(约10.6mm Hg),24h内轻度降低(约13.6mm Hg);而出血性脑卒中发病后,收缩压明显升高(约40.7mm Hg),24h内明显下降(约41.1mm Hg)。出血性脑卒中发病前几天及几周的平均收缩压逐渐增加,而缺血性脑卒中无明显变化。出血性脑卒中患者发病3h内的最高收缩压比发病前高50.0 mm Hg,而缺血性脑卒中则低5.2mm Hg。综上所述,与发病前比较,出血性脑卒中发病后收缩压升高,而缺血性脑卒中无明显变化。 | Fischer U Cooney MT Bull LM Silver LE Chalmers J Anderson CS Mehta Z Rothwell PM 林东杰 叶鹏 | 2014 | 中华高血压杂志2014，22，4： | 13 |
| 2 | Diagnosis and treatment of acute pulmonary inflammation in critically ill patients: The role of inflammatory biomarkers显示文摘Pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome are common and important causes of respiratory failure in the intensive care unit with a significant impact on morbidity, mortality and health care utilization despite early antimicrobial therapy and lung protective mechanical ventilation. Both clinical entities are characterized by acute pulmonary inflammation in response to direct or indirect lung injury. Adjunct anti-inflammatory treatment with corticosteroids is increasingly used, although the evidence for benefit is limited. The treatment decisions are based on radiographic, clinical and physiological variables without regards to inflammatory state. Current evidence suggests a role of biomarkers for the assessment of severity, and distinguishing sub-phenotypes (hyperinflammatory versus hypo-inflammatory) with important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Although many inflammatory biomarkers have been studied the most common and of interest are C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6. While extensively studied as prognostic tools (prognostic enrichment), limited data are available for the role of biomarkers in determining appropriate initiation, timing and dosing of adjunct anti-inflammatory treatment (predictive enrichment) | Sarah Chalmers Ali Khawaja Patrick M Wieruszewski Ognjen Gajic Yewande Odeyemi | 2019 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2019，8，5： | 12 |
| 3 | Current status of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator dosage for acute ischaemic stroke:an updated systematic review显示文摘The optimal dose of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rtPA)for acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)remains controversial,especially in Asian countries.We aimed to update the evidence regarding the use of low-dose versus standard-dose rtPA.We performed a systematic literature search across MEDLINE,Embase,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL),PsycINFO and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL)from inception to 22 August 2016 to identify all related studies.The outcomes were death or disability(defined by modified Rankin Scale 2-6),death,and symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage(sICH).Where possible,data were pooled for meta-analysis with ORs and corresponding 95% CIs by means of random-effects or fixed-effects meta-analysis.We included 26 observational studies and 1 randomised controlled trial with a total of 23210 patients.Variable doses of rtPA were used for thrombolysis of AIS in Asia.Meta-analysis shows that low-dose rtPA was not associated with increased risk of death or disability(OR 1.13,95% CI 0.95 to 1.33),or death(OR 0.86,95% CI 0.74 to 1.01),or decreased risk of sICH(OR 1.06,95% CI 0.65 to 1.72).The results remained consistent when sensitivity analyses were performed including only low-dose and standard-dose rtPA or only Asian studies.Our review shows small difference between the outcomes or the risk profile in the studies using low-dose and/or standard-dose rtPA for AIS.Low-dose rtPA was not associated with lower risk of death or disability,death alone,or sICH. | Xia Wang Shoujiang You Shoichiro Sato Jie Yang Cheryl Carcel Danni Zheng Sohei Yoshimura Craig S Anderson Else Charlotte Sandset Thompson Robinson John Chalmers Vijay K Sharma | 2018 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2018，3，1： | 10 |
| 4 | 2型糖尿病患者采用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂治疗后血清肌酐急性升高及其继续治疗对主要临床结局的影响显示文摘血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂开始治疗后血清肌酐急性升高≥30%时推荐停药。但血清肌酐升高后继续服药或停药对主要临床结局的长期影响仍不明确。在ADVANCE(糖尿病与血管疾病行动:培哚普利-吲达帕胺与达美康缓释片对照评估)试验中,11 140例糖尿病患者在6周活性导入期后随机采用培哚普利-吲达帕胺或安慰剂治疗。 | Ohkuma T Jun M Rodgers A Cooper ME Glasziou P Hamet P Harrap S Mancia G Marre M Neal B Perkovic V Poulter N Williams B Zoungas S Chalmers J Woodward M 赵狄 练桂丽 | 2019 | 中华高血压杂志2019，27，1： | 6 |
| 5 | The organic matter distribution and methane capacity of the Lower Cretaceous strata of Northeastern British Columbia, Canada显示文摘 | Gareth R.L. Chalmers R. Marc Bustin | 2006 | International Journal of Coal Geology2006，，1： | 4 |
| 6 | 成年人及儿童重型血友病A患者凝血因子Ⅷ的预防性应用指南显示文摘本指南以文献为依据,以专家共识为基础,介绍在重型血友病A的儿童和成年人患者中预防性使用凝血因子Ⅷ(FⅧ)的作用。指南就预防性使用FⅧ的起始时机、预防方案的选择、治疗过程中的监测、突发出血时的处理,以及患者和家属的教育等问题进行了讨论。 | Richards M Williams M Chalmers E 练丽琴(节译) 梁洁芳(节译) 李玲(节译) 曾森强(节译) 范晓蔚(节译) 叶铁真(审校) | 2011 | 国际输血及血液学杂志2011，34，4： | 3 |
| 7 | 胎儿及新生儿血友病管理指南显示文摘本文提出基于循证医学、针对胎儿及新生儿血友病的管理指南,包括妊娠、分娩及新生儿早期血友病管理,并就分娩方式与颅内及颅外出血风险之间的关系进行了专门讨论。 | Chalmers E Williams M Brennand J 林慧玲(编译) 朱欢欢(编译) 叶铁真(审校) | 2011 | 国际输血及血液学杂志2011，34，4： | 3 |
| 8 | 脂质组学改善传统危险因素预测的2型糖尿病患者的心血管事件显示文摘临床脂质测定并未显示出糖尿病或心血管病相关的脂质代谢改变的复杂性。脂质组学则能够评估可作为疾病风险潜在标志物的数百种脂质种类。方法:纳入来自糖尿病治疗和血管保护行动。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Alshehry ZH Mundra PA Barlow CK Mellett NA Wong G McConville MJ Simes J Tonkin AM Sullivan DR Barnes EH Nestel PJ Kingwell BA Marre M Neal B Poulter NR Rodgers A Williams B Zoungas S Hillis GS Chalmers J Woodward M Meikle PJ | 2016 | 中华高血压杂志2016，24，10： | 3 |
| 9 | Effects of Early Intensive Blood Pressure-Lowering Treatment on the Growth of Hematoma and Perihematomal Edema in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage Trial (INTERACT)显示文摘 | Craig S. Anderson Yining Huang Hisatomi Arima Emma Heeley Christian Skulina Mark W. Parsons Bin Peng Qiang Li Steve Su Qing Ling Tao Yue Chun Li Jian Dong Jiang Li Wen Tai Jin Li Zhang En Xu Yan Cheng Lewis B. Morgenstern John Chalmers Ji Guang Wang | 2010 | Stroke2010，，2： | 3 |
| 10 | Acute local reactions after intraarticular hylan for osteoarthritis of the knee显示文摘 | Puttick MP Wade JP Chalmers A | | Journal of Rheumatology0，，： | 2 |
| 11 | Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes显示文摘 | Patel A MacMahon S Chalmers J | | New England Journal of Medicine0，，： | 2 |
| 12 | 糖尿病患者累积收缩压负荷与心血管病风险的关系显示文摘该研究旨在评估2型糖尿病患者累积收缩压负荷与心血管事件风险的关系。方法:对百普乐和达美康缓释片对糖尿病和血管疾病的对照评估试验的观察性研究(action in diabetes and vascular disease preterax and diamicron MR controlled evaluation post trial observational study, ADVANCE-ON)中的2型糖尿病患者进行事后分析。 | Wang N Harris K Hamet P Harrap S Mancia G Poulter N Williams B Zoungas S Woodward M Chalmers J Rodgers A 刘青(译) 郑武洪(审校) | 2022 | 中华高血压杂志2022，30，12： | 2 |
| 13 | Effects of fibrates on cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘 | Min Jun Celine Foote Jicheng Lv Bruce Neal Anushka Patel Stephen J Nicholls Diederick E Grobbee Alan Cass John Chalmers Vlado Perkovic | 2010 | The Lancet . 2010 (9729)2010，，9729： | 2 |
| 14 | Molecular tailoring to improve polypyrrole hydrogels7 stiffness and electrochemical energy storage capacity显示文摘This research looks at ways of tailoring and improving the stiffness of polypyrrole hydrogels for use as flexible supercapacitor electrodes.Molecules providing additional cross-linking between polypyrrole chains are added post-polymerisation but before gelation,and are found to increase gel stiffness by up to 600%,with the degree of change dependent on reactant type and proportion.It was also found that addition of phytic acid led to an increase in pseudocapacitive behaviour o f the hydrogel,and thus a maximum specific capacitance of 217.07 F·g^-1 could be achieved.This is an increase of 140%compared to pristine polypyrrole hydrogels produced by this method. | Evelyn Chalmers Yi Li Xuqing Liu | 2019 | Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering2019，13，4： | 2 |
| 15 | 医药企业透明化:从乐观到绝望显示文摘20世纪70年代中期,我和其他几位合作者尝试整合妊娠和分娩期间有关保健效果的证据。我们首先检索MEDLINE,纳入我们认为对分析足够可靠的对照试验研究,接着我们又逐页手检了70种杂志,回溯到1950年起发表的相关文章。我们找到约3500篇对照试验报告,在WHO的帮助下,80年代中期,我们在一本分类书目中发表了这些报告的索引。 | Iain Chalmers 杜亮 陈耀龙 | 2006 | 中国循证医学杂志2006，6，9： | 2 |
| 16 | Salient-rotor PM synchronous motors for an extended flux-weakening operation range 显示文摘 | Bianchi N Bolognani S Chalmers B J | 2000 | IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications2000，36，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Empirical evidence of bias显示文摘 | Schulz KF Chalmers I Hayes RJ | 1995 | JAMA1995，273，5： | 1 |
| 18 | UKCP:a collaborative network of cerebral palsy registers in the United Kingdom显示文摘 | Surman G Bonellie S Chalmers J | 2006 | J Public Health2006，28，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Ascorbic acid for the common cold: a prophylactic and therapeutic trial显示文摘 | KARLOWSKI T R CHALMERS T C FRENKEL L D | 1975 | JAMA1975，231，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Statins in community acquired pneu- monia: evidence from experimental and clinical studies 显示文摘 | Chalmers JD Short PM Mandal P | 2010 | Respir Med2010，104，8： | 1 |
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