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| 1 | Direct-fed microbes: A tool for improving the utilization of low quality roughages in ruminants显示文摘For many years, ruminant nutritionists and microbiologists have been interested in manipulating the microbial ecosystem of the rumen to improve production efficiency of different ruminant species. Removal and restriction of antibiotics subtherapeutic uses from ruminant diets has amplified interest in improving nutrient utilization and animal performance and search for more safe alternatives. Some bacterial and fungal microorganisms as a direct-fed microbial(DFM) can be the most suitable solutions. Microorganisms that are commonly used in DFM for ruminants may be classified mainly as lactic acid producing bacteria(LAB), lactic acid utilizing bacteria(LUB), or other microorganism's species like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Propionibacterium, Megasphaera elsdenii and Prevotellabryantii, in addition to some fungal species of yeast such as Saccharomyces and Aspergillus. A definitive mode of action for bacterial or fungal DFM has not been established; although a variety of mechanisms have been suggested. Bacterial DFM potentially moderate rumen conditions, and improve weight gain and feed efficiency. Fungal DFM may reduce harmful oxygen from the rumen, prevent excess lactate production, increase feed digestibility, and alter rumen fermentation patterns. DFM may also compete with and inhibit the growth of pathogens, immune system modulation, and modulate microbial balance in the gastrointestinal tract. Improved dry matter intake, milk yield, fat corrected milk yield and milk fat content were obtained with DFM administration. However, the response to DFM is not constant; depending on dosages, feeding times and frequencies, and strains of DFM. Nonetheless, recent studies have supported the positive effects of DFM on ruminant performance. | Mona M Y Elghandour Abdelfattah Z M Salem Jose S Martínez Castaeda Luis M Camacho Ahmed E Kholif Juan C Vázquez Chagoyán | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 7 |
| 2 | Effects of six months losartan administration on liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients: A pilot study显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of chronic administration of losartan on hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients. METHODS: Fourteen patients with chronic hepatitis C non-responders (n = 10), with contraindications (n = 2) or lack of compliance (n = 2) to interferon plus ribavirin therapy and liver fibrosis were enrolled. Liver and renal function test, clinical evaluation, and liver biopsies were performed at baseline and after losartan administration at a dose of 50 mg/d during the 6 mo. The control group composed of nine patients with the same inclusion criteria and paired liver biopsies (interval 6-14 mo). Histological activity index (HAI) with fibrosis stage was assessed under blind conditions by means of Ishak's score. Subendothelial fibrosis was evaluated by digital image analyses. RESULTS: The changes in the fibrosis stage were significantly different between losartan group (decrease of 0.5±1.3) and controls (increase of 0.89±1.27; P<0.03). In the treated patients, a decrease in fibrosis stage was observed in 7/14 patients vs 1/9 control patients (P<0.04). A decrease in sub-endothelial fibrosis was observed in the losartan group. No differences were found in HAI after losartan administration. Acute and chronic decreases in systolic arterial pressures (P<0.05) were observed after the losartan administration, without changes in mean arterial pressure or renal function. CONCLUSION: Chronic AT-Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockade may reduce liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. | Silvia Sookoian María Alejandra Fernández Gustavo Casta(n|~)o | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，48： | 7 |
| 3 | Small bowel bacterial overgrowth in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis显示文摘 | Dr. F. Casafont Morencos MD G. Heras Casta?o MD L. Martín Ramos MD Maria J. López Arias MD F. Ledesma MD F. Pons Romero MD | 1996 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences1996，，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Mechanical Metabolic Complicatins of hystenoscopic surgery report of aretrospective study of 352 procedures 显示文摘 | Castaing N Darai E Chuong T | 1999 | Contracept Fertil Sex1999，27，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Nicotinic Acid Limitation Regulates Silencing of Candida Adhesins during UTI显示文摘 | Domergue R Casta(n)o I de Las Pe(n)as A | | 0，，5723： | 1 |
| 6 | Changes in the etiology, incidence and prognosis of acute lower respiratory track infections in human immunodeficiency virus patients显示文摘 | Rafael Perelló Ona Escoda Silvia Camón òscar Miró Marta Casta?eda Asunción Moreno Maria ángeles Marcos Verónica Perea Natalia Alcolea Miquel Sánchez Josep Maria Gatell Esteban Martínez | 2014 | Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica2014，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Quantification of tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors by high- performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in whole blood 显示文摘 | Titier K Castaing N Le-Deodic M | 2007 | J Anal Toxicol2007，31，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Mechanical throm-bectomy with the Solitaire AB device in large artery occlusions of the anterior circulation:a pilot study显示文摘 | Casta(n)o C Dorado L Guerrero C | 2010 | Stroke2010，41，： | 1 |
| 9 | Efficacy and safety of 4-aminopyridine in patients with long-term spinal cord injury:a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | Israel Grijalva Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Gilberto Casta(n)edaHernández | | 0，，07： | 1 |
| 10 | Tigeeyeline Ver- sus Levofloxaein in Hospitalized Patients With Community- Acquired Pneumonia: An Analysis of Risk Factors 显示文摘 | Dartois N Cooper CA Castaing N | 2013 | Open Respir Med J2013，7，： | 1 |
| 11 | Biomimetic transformatic transformations of parthenolide 显示文摘 | CASTAEDA-ACOSTA J FISCHER N H VARGAS D | 1993 | J Nat Prod1993，56，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Examination of the interaction between peripheral diclofenac and gabapentin on the 5% formalin test in rats显示文摘 | Alejandra Pieazo Gilberto Casta(n)eda-Hernández Ortiz MI | 2006 | Life Sciences2006，79，： | 1 |
| 13 | Mechanical and metabolic complications of hysteroscopic surgery:report of a retrospective study of 352 precedures显示文摘 | Castaing N Darai E Chuong T | 1999 | Contracept Fertil Sex1999，27，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Mechanical and metabolic complications ofhysteroscopic surgery: report of a retro- spective study of 352 procedures显示文摘 | Castaing N Darai E Chuong T | 1999 | Con- tracept Fertil Sex1999，27，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Colour and flavour changes during osmotic dehydration of fruits显示文摘 | OSORIO C FRANCO M S CASTA(N)O P M | | 0，，08： | 1 |
| 16 | Asymptotic fields in steady crack growth with linear strain-hardening显示文摘 | Casta(n)eda P P | 1987 | J Mech Phys Solid1987，35，2： | 1 |
| 17 | 显示文摘 | PAWELEC B CASTA(N)O P ZEPEDA T A | 2008 | Appl Surf Sci2008，254，13： | 1 |
| 18 | Mechanical Metabolic Complicatins of hystenoscopic surgery report of aretrospective study of 352 procedures显示文摘 | Castaing N Darai E Chuong T | 1999 | Contracept Fertil Sex1999，27，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Mechanical and metabolic complications of hysteroscopic surgery: report of a retrospective study of 352 procedures显示文摘 | Castaing N Darai E Chuong T | 1999 | Contracept FertilSex1999，27，： | 1 |
| 20 | Pediatric hip dysplasia and evaluation with ultrasound显示文摘 | Casta(n)eda P | 2009 | Pediatric Health2009，3，5： | 1 |
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