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| 1 | Direct-fed microbes: A tool for improving the utilization of low quality roughages in ruminants显示文摘For many years, ruminant nutritionists and microbiologists have been interested in manipulating the microbial ecosystem of the rumen to improve production efficiency of different ruminant species. Removal and restriction of antibiotics subtherapeutic uses from ruminant diets has amplified interest in improving nutrient utilization and animal performance and search for more safe alternatives. Some bacterial and fungal microorganisms as a direct-fed microbial(DFM) can be the most suitable solutions. Microorganisms that are commonly used in DFM for ruminants may be classified mainly as lactic acid producing bacteria(LAB), lactic acid utilizing bacteria(LUB), or other microorganism's species like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Propionibacterium, Megasphaera elsdenii and Prevotellabryantii, in addition to some fungal species of yeast such as Saccharomyces and Aspergillus. A definitive mode of action for bacterial or fungal DFM has not been established; although a variety of mechanisms have been suggested. Bacterial DFM potentially moderate rumen conditions, and improve weight gain and feed efficiency. Fungal DFM may reduce harmful oxygen from the rumen, prevent excess lactate production, increase feed digestibility, and alter rumen fermentation patterns. DFM may also compete with and inhibit the growth of pathogens, immune system modulation, and modulate microbial balance in the gastrointestinal tract. Improved dry matter intake, milk yield, fat corrected milk yield and milk fat content were obtained with DFM administration. However, the response to DFM is not constant; depending on dosages, feeding times and frequencies, and strains of DFM. Nonetheless, recent studies have supported the positive effects of DFM on ruminant performance. | Mona M Y Elghandour Abdelfattah Z M Salem Jose S Martínez Castaeda Luis M Camacho Ahmed E Kholif Juan C Vázquez Chagoyán | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 7 |
| 2 | A LED-based smart illumination system for studying plant growth显示文摘 | Olvera-Gonzalez E Alaniz-Lumbreras D Torres-Arg?elles V Gonz?lez-Ram?rez E Villa-Hern?ndez J Araiza-Esquivel M Ivanov-Tsonchev R Olvera-Olvera C Casta?o VM | 2014 | Lighting Research and Technology2014，，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Evolution of liver transplantation in Europe: Report of the European Liver Transplant Registry显示文摘 | René Adam Paul McMaster John G. O’Grady Denis Castaing Jurgen L. Klempnauer Neville Jamieson Peter Neuhaus Jan Lerut Mauro Salizzoni Stephen Pollard Ferdinand Muhlbacher Xavier Rogiers Juan Carlos Garcia Valdecasas Joaquin Berenguer Daniel Jaeck Enrique M | 2003 | Liver Transplantation2003，，12： | 2 |
| 4 | Evolution of liver transplantation in Europe: Report of the European Liver Transplant Registry显示文摘 | René Adam Paul McMaster John G. O’Grady Denis Castaing Jurgen L. Klempnauer Neville Jamieson Peter Neuhaus Jan Lerut Mauro Salizzoni Stephen Pollard Ferdinand Muhlbacher Xavier Rogiers Juan Carlos Garcia Valdecasas Joaquin Berenguer Daniel Jaeck Enrique M | 2003 | Liver Transplantation2003，，12： | 2 |
| 5 | A reflectance band ratio used to estimate suspended matter concentrations in sedimentdominated coastal waters显示文摘 | DOXARAN D FROIDEFOND J M CASTAING P | 2002 | International Journal of Remote Sensing2002，23，23： | 1 |
| 6 | 3D finite ele ment simulations of an air- coupled ultrasonic NDT system显示文摘 | KE W CASTAINGS M BACON C | 2009 | NDT & E International2009，42，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Quantification of tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors by high- performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in whole blood 显示文摘 | Titier K Castaing N Le-Deodic M | 2007 | J Anal Toxicol2007，31，4： | 1 |
| 8 | 3D finite element simulations of an air-coupled ultrasonic NDT system显示文摘 | Ke W Castaings M Bacon C | 2009 | NDT & E International2009，42，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Determination of Nitrites in Commercial Sausages by Anthocyanins Degradation: Experimental Design and Optimization显示文摘 | GAL N-VIDAL C CASTA EDA-OVANDO A P EZ-HERN NDEZ M | 2014 | Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society2014，58，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Kinetics of the PACT process显示文摘 | Casta C Marquez M C | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 11 | A geographic correla-tion study of the incidence of pancreatic and other can- cers in Whites显示文摘 | Boffetta P Castaing M Brennan P | 2006 | Eur J Epidemiol2006，21，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Emergency or- thotopic liver transplantation in two patients using one donor liver显示文摘 | Bismuth H Morino M Castaing D | 1989 | Br J Surg1989，76，： | 1 |
| 13 | Interfraetional set-up errors evaluation by daily electronic portal imaging of IMRT in head and neck cancer patients显示文摘 | ehlivan B Pichenot C Castaing M | 2009 | Acta Oncol2009，48，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Rare hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer in livers with symptomatic HBV and HCV hep- atitis显示文摘 | Li DG Castaing M Ferlito F | 2013 | Ann Ital Chir2013，84，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Colour and flavour changes during osmotic dehydration of fruits显示文摘 | OSORIO C FRANCO M S CASTA(N)O P M | | 0，，08： | 1 |
| 16 | Emergency orthotopic liver transplantation in two patients using one donor liver显示文摘 | Bismuth H Morino M Castaing D | 1989 | Br J Surg1989，76，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Lamb and SH wavesgenerated and detected by air-coupled ultrasonic trans-ducers in composite material plates 显示文摘 | CASTAINGS M HOSTEN B | 2001 | NDT&-E International2001，，34： | 1 |
| 18 | Finite elements methods for modeling the guided waves propagation in structures with weak interfaces显示文摘 | Hosten B Castaings M | 2005 | Journal of the Acoustical Society of America2005，117，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Finite element model for waves guided a-long solid systems of arbitrary section coupled to infinite solidmedia显示文摘 | Castaings M Lowe M | 2008 | The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America2008，123，2： | 1 |
| 20 | 3D finite element simulations of an air-coupled ultrasonic NDT system显示文摘 | KE W CASTAINGS M BACON C | 2009 | NDT & EInternational2009，42，： | 1 |
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