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| 1 | Present and future of metastatic colorectal cancer treatment: A review of new candidate targets显示文摘In the last two decades, great efforts have been made in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer(m CRC) due to the approval of new target agents for cytotoxic drugs. Unfortunately, a large percentage of patients present with metastasis at the time of diagnosis or relapse after a few months. The complex molecular heterogeneity of this disease is not completely understood; to date, there is a lack of predictive biomarkers that can be used to select subsets of patients who may respond to target drugs. Only the RAS-mutation status is used to predict resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor agents in patients with m CRC. In this review, we describe approved targeted therapies for the management of metastatic m CRC and discuss new candidate targets on the horizon. | Giulia Martini Teresa Troiani Claudia Cardone Pietropaolo Vitiello Vincenzo Sforza Davide Ciardiello Stefania Napolitano Carminia Maria Della Corte Floriana Morgillo Antonio Raucci Antonio Cuomo Francesco Selvaggi Fortunato Ciardiello Erika Martinelli | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，26： | 7 |
| 2 | Mechanisms of resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in metastatic colorectal cancer显示文摘The prognosis of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer(m CRC) remain poor despite the impressive improvement of treatments observed over the last 20 years that led to an increase in median overall survival from 6 mo, with the only best supportive care, to approximately 30 mo with the introduction of active chemotherapy drugs and targeted agents. The monoclonal antibodies(mo Abs) cetuximab and panitumumab, directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), undoubtedly represent a major step forward in the treatment of m CRC, given the relevant efficacy in terms of progression-free survival, overall survival, response rate, and quality of life observed in several phase Ⅲ clinical trials among different lines of treatment. However, the anti-EGFR mo Abs were shown only to be effective in a subset of patients. For instance, KRAS and NRAS mutations have been identified as biomarkers of resistance to these drugs, improving the selection of patients who might derive a benefit from these treatments. Nevertheless, several other alterations might affect the response to these drugs, and unfortunately, even the responders eventually become resistant by developing secondary(or acquired) resistance in approximately 13-18 mo. Several studies highlighted that the landscape of responsible alterations of both primary and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR drugs biochemically converge into MEK-ERK and PIK3CA-AKT pathways. In this review, we describe the currently known mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR mo Abs together with the various strategies evaluated to prevent, overcame or revert them. | Vincenzo Sforza Erika Martinelli Fortunato Ciardiello Valentina Gambardella Stefania Napolitano Giulia Martini Carminia della Corte Claudia Cardone Marianna L Ferrara Alfonso Reginelli Giuseppina Liguori Giulio Belli Teresa Troiani | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，28： | 6 |
| 3 | Why have youth physical activity trends flatlined in the last decade? Opinion piece on “Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1.6 million participants” by Guthold et al.显示文摘1.No global progress on youth physical activity prevalenceTagedEnd TagedPDespite hundreds of intervention studies over decennia that have been dedicated to developing and testing programs and strategies to promote physical activity(PA)in adolescents,14 global inactivity levels remain persistently high.Based on self-report data from 1.6 million schoolgoing adolescents from 146 countries,Guthold et al.5 confirmed previous urgent calls to get adolescents more active.Researchers from the World Health Organization(WHO)recently published global prevalence rates and the first ever global time trends for insufficient PA in youth.They reported that more than 80%of school-going adolescents globally did not meet the current recommendations of at least 1 h of PA per day. | Greet Cardon Jo Salmon | 2020 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2020，9，4： | 6 |
| 4 | Evidence for the involvement of NOD2 in regulating colonic epithelial cell growth and survival显示文摘AIM: To investigate the function of NOD2 in colonic epithelial cells (CEC). METHODS: A combination of in vivo and in vitro analyses of epithelial cell turnover in the presence and absence of a functional NOD2 protein and, in response to enteric Salmonella typhimurium infection, were used. shRNA interference was also used to investigate the consequences of knocking down NOD2 gene expression on the growth and survival of colorectal carcinoma cell lines. RESULTS:In the colonic mucosa the highest levels of NOD2 expression were in proliferating crypt epithelial cells. Muramyl dipeptide (MDP), that is recognized by NOD2, promoted CEC growth in vitro . By contrast,the growth of NOD2-deficient CECs was impaired. In vivo CEC proliferation was also reduced and apoptosis increased in Nod2-/- mice, which were also evident following enteric Salmonella infection. Furthermore, neutralization of NOD2 mRNA expression in human colonic carcinoma cells by shRNA interference resulted in decreased survival due to increased levels of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: These findings are consistent with the involvement of NOD2 protein in promoting CEC growth and survival. Defects in proliferation by CECs in cases of CD may contribute to the underlying pathology of disrupted intestinal homeostasis and excessive inflammation. | Sheena M Cruickshank Louise Wakenshaw John Cardone Peter D Howdle Peter J Murray Simon R Carding | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，38： | 3 |
| 5 | TBM performance estimation using rock mass classifications显示文摘 | M Sapigni M Berti E Bethaz A Busillo G Cardone | 2002 | International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences2002，，6： | 3 |
| 6 | miR-155 gene: A typical multifunctional microRNA显示文摘 | Isabella Faraoni Francesca Romana Antonetti John Cardone Enzo Bonmassar | 2008 | BBA - Molecular Basis of Disease2008，，6： | 2 |
| 7 | Analysis of interpolation schemes for image deformation methods in PIV 显示文摘 | Astarita T Cardone G | 2005 | Experiments in Fluids2005，38，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Val66Met BDNFGenotypes in melancholic depression: effects on brain struc-ture and treatment outcome显示文摘 | Cardoner N Soria V Gratacos M | 2013 | Depress Anxiety2013，30，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Genome-wide asso-ciation studies for complex traits: consensus, uncertainty and chal- lenges显示文摘 | McCarthy MI Abeeasis GR Cardon LR | 2008 | Nat Rev Genet2008，9，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Perioperative blood conservation显示文摘 | Cardone D Klein A A | 2009 | Eur J Anaesthesiol2009，26，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Shaking table tests on reinforced concrete frames with different isolation systems显示文摘 | Dolce M Cardone D Ponzo F | 2007 | Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics2007，36，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Genome-wideassociation study of 14, 000 cases of seven common diseases and3, 000 shared controls 显示文摘 | Burton PR Clayton DG Cardon LR | 2007 | Nature2007，447，7145： | 1 |
| 13 | Implementation and testing of passive control devices based on shape memory alloys 显示文摘 | MAURO Doclce DONATELLO Cardone Robero Marnetto | 2000 | Earthquake En- ergy and Structure Dynamics2000，29，： | 1 |
| 14 | Expression of CXC chemokine receptor-4 enhances the pulmonary metastatic potential of murine BI6 melanoma cells显示文摘 | Murakami T Maki W Cardones AR | 2002 | Cancer Res2002，62，24： | 1 |
| 15 | Familiarity of physical and metabolic characteristic that predict the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians显示文摘 | Sakul H Pratley R Cardon L | 1997 | Am J Hum Genet1997，60，： | 1 |
| 16 | Mechanical behavior of shape memory alloys for seismic applications 2: austenite NiTi wires subjected to tension显示文摘 | Dolce M Cardone D | 2001 | International Journal of Mechanical Sciences2001，43，11： | 1 |
| 17 | Infrared thermography for convective heat transfer measurements 显示文摘 | Carlomagno G M Cardone G | 2010 | Experiments in Fluids2010，49，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin slow steam pyrolysis: Thermal decomposition of biomass components mixtures显示文摘 | Giudicianni P Cardone G Ragucci R | 2013 | Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis2013，，100： | 1 |
| 19 | Validation of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography for quantifying left ventricular volumes in the presence of a left ventricular aneurysm: in vitro and in vivo studies显示文摘 | Jian Xin Qin Michael Jones Takahiro Shiota Neil L Greenberg Hiroyuki Tsujino Michael S Firstenberg Pankaj C Gupta Arthur D Zetts Yong Xu Jing Ping Sun Lisa A Cardon Jill A Odabashian Scott D Flamm Richard D White Julio A Panza James D Thomas | 2000 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2000，，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Meta-analysis of gray matter ab- normalities in autism spectrum disorder 显示文摘 | Via E Padua J Cardoner N | 2011 | Arch Gen Psychiatry2011，68，4： | 1 |
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