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| 1 | Differing coping mechanisms, stress level and anorectal physiology in patients with functional constipation显示文摘AIM: To investigate coping mechanisms, constipation symptoms and anorectal physiology in 80 constipated subjects and 18 controls.METHODS: Constipation was diagnosed by Rome Ⅱ criteria.Coping ability and anxiety/depression were assessed by validated questionnaires. Transit time and balloon distension test were performed.RESULTS: 34.5% patients were classified as slow transit type of constipation. The total colonic transit time (56 h vs 10 h, P<0.0001) and rectal sensation including urge sensation (79 mL vs 63 mL, P = 0.019) and maximum tolerable volume (110 mL vs95 mL, P = 0.03) differed in patients and controls. Constipated subjects had significantly higher anxiety and depression scores and lower SF-36 scores in all categories. They also demonstrated higher scores of'monitoring' coping strategy (14+6 vs9+3, P = 0.001),which correlated with the rectal distension sensation (P = 0.005), urge sensation (P=0.002), and maximum tolerable volume (P = 0.035). The less use of blunting strategy predicted slow transit constipation in both univariate (P = 0.01) and multivariate analysis (P = 0.03).CONCLUSION: Defective or ineffective use of coping strategies may be an important etiology in functional constipation and subsequently reflected in abnormal anorectal physiology. | Annie OO Chan Cecilia Cheng Wai Mo Hui Wayne HC Hu Nina YH Wong KF Lam Wai Man Wong Kam Chuen Lai Shiu Kum Lam Benjamin CY Wong | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，34： | 92 |
| 2 | 亚洲地区肺炎支原体和肺炎衣原体在成人社区获得性肺炎中的流行病学研究显示文摘目的由Malaya大学医学中心牵头进行的非典型病原在亚洲社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患者中的流行病学研究。结果显示,肺炎支原体和肺炎衣原体分别占成人病原的11.4%和5.8%。本研究将对这2种病原所致感染的临床和实验室资料进一步总结分析。方法亚洲7个国家12个研究中心采用统一的检测方法(DNA检测及血清学方法)和判断标准,对16岁以上的CAP患者进行肺炎支原体和肺炎衣原体的检测。结果在急性肺部感染者中,肺炎支原体和肺炎衣原体肺炎的临床表现与其他病原所致者非常相似,并无特征性。肺炎支原体和肺炎衣原体在男性和女性中检出率相仿,但肺炎支原体感染在16至44岁患者中更为多见(22.2%),而肺炎衣原体感染者重症患者相对较多。88例在病程中血清抗体显著增高的肺炎支原体感染者中,48例(54.5%)患者急性期抗体阴性,如果未检测恢复期血清抗体,上述患者则会漏诊;51例肺炎衣原体感染者中急性期血清抗体阴性则较为少见(21.6%)。肺炎支原体和肺炎衣原体既往感染和(或)病原携带率分别为5.7%和7.9%。结论肺炎支原体肺炎和肺炎衣原体肺炎发病率高,诊断困难,因此在亚洲成人CAP抗感染经验治疗时宜选用对这2种病原亦有效的药物。 | 黄海辉 张婴元 汪复 Mediadora SANIEL Marissa ALEJANDRIA Seung-Chul PARK 刘又宁 Po-Ren HSUEH Ahmad M. AZIAH Wing-Hong SETO Cecilia C. L. NGAN Mangunnegoro HADIARTO Subharee SUWANJUTHA Yun-Fong NGEOW Alsagaff HOOD | 2008 | 中国感染与化疗杂志2008，8，2： | 67 |
| 3 | Systemic inflammation and immune response after laparotomy vs laparoscopy in patients with acute cholecystitis, complicated by peritonitis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate acute cholecystitis, complicated by peritonitis, acute phase response and immunological status in patients treated by laparoscopic or open approach. METHODS: From January 2002 to May 2012, we conducted a prospective randomized study on 45 consecutive patients (27 women, 18 men; mean age 58 years). These subjects were taken from a total of 681 patients who were hospitalised presenting similar preoperative findings: acute upper abdominal pain with tenderness, involuntary guarding under the right hypochondrium and/or in the flank; fever higher than 38 ℃, leukocytosis greater than 10 × 10 9 /L or both, and ultrasonographic evidence of calculous cholecystitis possibly complicated by peritonitis. These patients had undergone cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis,complicated by bile peritonitis. Randomly, 23 patients were assigned to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), and 22 patients to open cholecystectomy (OC). Blood samples were collected from all patients before operation and at days 1, 3 and 6 after surgery. Serum bacteraemia, endotoxaemia, white blood cells (WBCs), WBC subpopulations, human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR), neutrophil elastase, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min, at 4, 6, 12, 24 h, and then daily (8 A.M.) until post-operative day 6.RESULTS: The two groups were comparable in the severity of peritoneal contamination as indicated by the viable bacterial count (open group = 90% of positive cultures vs laparoscopic group = 87%) and endotoxin level (open group = 33.21 ± 6.32 pg/mL vs laparoscopic group = 35.02 ± 7.23 pg/mL). Four subjects in the OC group (18.1%) and 1 subject (4.3%) in the LC group (P < 0.05) developed intra-abdominal abscess. Severe leukocytosis (range 15.8-19.6/mL) was observed only after OC but not after LC, mostly due to an increase in neutrophils (days 1 and 3, P < 0.05). This value returned to the normal range within 3-4 d after LC and 5-7 d after OC. Other WBC types and lymphocyte subpopulations showed no significant variation. On the first day after surgery, a statistically significant difference was observed in HLA-DR expression between LC (13.0 ± 5.2) and OC (6.0 ± 4.2) (P < 0.05). A statistically significant change in plasma elastase concentration was recorded post-operatively at days 1, 3, and 6 in patients from the OC group when compared to the LC group (P < 0.05). In the OC group, the serum levels of IL-1 and IL-6 began to increase considerably from the first to the sixth hour after surgery. In the LC group, the increase of serum IL-1 and IL-6 levels was delayed and the peak values were notably lower than those in the OC group. Significant differences between the groups, for these two cytokines, were observed from the second to the twenty-fourth hour (P < 0.05) after surgery. The mean values of serum CRP in the LC group on post-operative days (1 and 3) were also lower than those in the OC group (P < 0.05). Systemic concentration of endotoxin was higher in the OC group at all intra-operative sampling times, but reached significance only when the gallbladder was removed (OC group = 36.81 ± 6.4 ρg/mLvs LC group = 16.74 ± 4.1 ρg/mL, P < 0.05). One hour after surgery, microbiological analysis of blood cultures detected 7 different bacterial species after laparotomy, and 4 species after laparoscopy (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: OC increased the incidence of bacteraemia, endotoxaemia and systemic inflammation compared with LC and caused lower transient immunological defense, leading to enhanced sepsis in the patients examined. | Federico Sista Mario Schietroma Giuseppe De Santis Antonella Mattei Emanuela Marina Cecilia Federica Piccione Sergio Leardi Francesco Carlei Gianfranco Amicucci | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2013，5，4： | 23 |
| 4 | 5-Azacytidine induces changes in electrophysiological properties of human mesenchymal stem cells显示文摘以前,导出髓的干细胞(MSC ) 与不确定的脱氧核糖核酸甲基转移酶禁止者 5-azacytidine 对待的老鼠骨头被报导区分 intocardiomyocytes。现在的学习的目的是在从健康骨髓施主获得的人的单音的原子房间调查类似的区别策略的效率。After1-3 段落,文化为 24 h 暴露于到 6 星期进一步的文化跟随的 5-azacytidine (3 mciroM ) 。药处理没导致 myogenic 标记 MyoD 或心脏的 markersNkx2.5 和 GATA-4 的表示并且没在后续期间产出跳动的房间。在补丁夹钳实验,近似 10-15% 对待,未经治疗的房间展出了 L 类型 Ca (2+) 水流。几乎所有房间表面地出现了修正快速或慢的激活动力学的 K (+) 水流。在与匹配时间的控制相比在 6 星期处理以后加倍的 +60 mV 意味着当前的振幅。对待的房间的 Membranecapacitance 比在在处理以后的 controls2 星期内显著地大并且在 6 个星期以后仍然保持高。为 K (+) 隧道 Kv1.1, Kv1.5, Kv2.1, Kv4.3 和 KCNMA1 并且为 Ca (2+) 隧道 Ca (v) 的 mRNAs 的表示层次 1.2 没被 5-azacytidine 影响。在以前显示出禁止 hMSC 的快速或慢慢地激活的 K (+) 水流的集中的 Treatmentwith 钾隧道块 ers tetraethylammonium 和 clofilium 禁止了这些房间的增长。我们的结果建议尽管有进 cardiomyocytes 的 hMSC 的区别的缺席,有 5-azacytidine 的处理在当前的密度引起了深刻变化。 | Bartosz Balanal Cecilia Nicoletti Ihor Zahanich Eva M Graf Torsten Christ Sabine Boxberger Ursula Ravens | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，12： | 20 |
| 5 | Statistical Downscaling Based on Dynamically Downscaled Predictors: Application to Monthly Precipitation in Sweden显示文摘A prerequisite of a successful statistical downscaling is that large-scale predictors simulated by the General Circulation Model (GCM) must be realistic. It is assumed here that features smaller than the GCM resolution are important in determining the realism of the large-scale predictors. It is tested whether a three-step method can improve conventional one-step statistical downscaling. The method uses predictors that are upscaled from a dynamical downscaling instead of predictors taken directly from a GCM simulation. The method is applied to downscaling of monthly precipitation in Sweden. The statistical model used is a multiple regression model that uses indices of large-scale atmospheric circulation and 850-hPa specific humidity as predictors. Data from two GCMs (HadCM2 and ECHAM4) and two RCM experiments of the Rossby Centre model (RCA1) driven by the GCMs are used. It is found that upscaled RCA1 predictors capture the seasonal cycle better than those from the GCMs, and hence increase the reliability of the downscaled precipitation. However, there are only slight improvements in the simulation of the seasonal cycle of downscaled precipitation. Due to the cost of the method and the limited improvements in the downscaling results, the three-step method is not justified to replace the one-step method for downscaling of Swedish precipitation. | Cecilia HELLSTROM Deliang CHEN | 2003 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2003，20，6： | 18 |
| 6 | Serrated colorectal cancer: Molecular classification, prognosis, and response to chemotherapy显示文摘Molecular advances support the existence of an alternative pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis that is based on the hypermethylation of specific DNA regions that silences tumor suppressor genes. This alternative pathway has been called the serrated pathway due to the serrated appearance of tumors in histological analysis. New classifications for colorectal cancer(CRC) were proposed recently based on genetic profiles that show four types of molecular alterations: BRAF gene mutations, KRAS gene mutations, microsatellite instability, and hypermethylation of Cp G islands. This review summarizes what is known about the serrated pathway of CRC, including CRC molecular and clinical features, prognosis, and response to chemotherapy. | Oscar Murcia Miriam Juárez Eva Hernández-Illán Cecilia Egoavil Mar Giner-Calabuig María Rodríguez-Soler Rodrigo Jover | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，13： | 18 |
| 7 | 稀土离子(Ce^(3+),Tb^(3+),Pr^(3+))掺杂重金属锗酸盐玻璃的光谱透过及抗辐射性能显示文摘从新型抗辐射闪烁体材料的应用背景出发 ,对某些稀土离子掺杂重金属锗酸盐玻璃进行了紫外与可见光谱区的透过性能及抗辐射性能的表征 ,重点讨论玻璃基质组成与短波截止波长之间的关系以及一些元素对玻璃抗辐射性能的影响。玻璃基质组成涉及GeO2 ,Gd2 O3,BaO ,SnO ,La2 O3,掺杂的稀土元素包括Ce3+ ,Tb3+ ,Pr3+ 。实验结果表明 :这些重金属锗酸盐玻璃的紫外截止波长适中 ( 35 0nm ) ,适于用作掺杂稀土离子的基质材料。Sn2 + 和Ce3+ 使玻璃的紫外截止波长明显红移 ,其原因与特殊的紫外吸收机理有关。在所加入的元素中 ,Sn2 +和稀土离子Ce3+ ,Tb3+ ,Pr3+ 均对玻璃的抗辐射性能有增强作用 ,其中以Ce3+ 抗辐射效应最为明显 。 | 陈国荣 BACCARO S 聂佳相 张永辉 杜永娟 CECILIA A 汪山 | 2003 | 硅酸盐学报2003，31，7： | 16 |
| 8 | 医学专业大学生的负性心态、应对方式与寻求专业性心理帮助的态度显示文摘目的:探究医学专业大学生的负性心态、应对方式以及寻求专业性心理帮助的态度之间的关系。方法:从某大学医学院分层随机抽样的方法选取受试714人,男生364人,女生350人,年龄16—28岁,抽样涵盖了该医学院所有专业的不同年级。用标准抑郁焦虑紧张量表(Depression,Anxiety,Stress Scale42,DASS-42)、简易应对方式量表(Simple Coping Strategy Questionnaire,SCSQ)和心理健康服务求助态度量表(Inventory of Attitudes Towed Seeking Mental Health Services,IASMHS)进行匿名问卷调查,测评医学专业大学生的负性心态、应对方式和寻求专业性心理帮助的态度。并根据DASS-42的分级,将受试分为有心理问题组(n=102)和无心理问题组(n=612),观察两组被试对待专业性心理求助的不同态度及其相关因素。结果:(1)女生在DASS-42的紧张维度和IASMHS总分及心理开放程度、不在意社会污名维度上得分均高于男生[如,紧张维度(12.1±6.9)VS.(10.8±7.0),P〈0.05]。无心理问题组SCSQ的积极应对得分和IASMHS总分及心理求助倾向、不在意社会污名维度得分均高于有心理问题组[如,IASMHS总分(41.8±9.1)VS.(38.9±9.3),P〈0.01],而SCSQ的消极应对得分低于有心理问题组[(7.9±3.7)VS.(10.0±4.0),P〈0.001]。(2)对无心理问题组,性别(β=0.179)、紧张水平(β=-0.116)、消极应对(β=-0.190)和积极应对(β=0.199)与专业性心理求助态度有关(均P〈0.01),而有心理问题组,仅有积极应对(β=0.277,P〈0.05)和家庭收入(β=0.244P〈0.05)与专业性心理求助态度有关。结论:寻求专业性心理求助的态度与性别、负性心态、应对方式密切相关。无心理问题组的医学专业学生更倾向于采用积极的应对方式,寻求专业性心理求助态度水平也更高。有无心理问题的医学生群体在寻求专业性心理求助的态度上预测因素有所不同,面临心理问题的学生态度更偏重可行性。实际工作中应更多关注男性医学生,对出现的心理问题及时干预,引导学生采取合理的应对方式。 | 周肖榕 STUDART Cecilia 施琪嘉 | 2010 | 中国心理卫生杂志2010，24，10： | 15 |
| 9 | The adult human testis transcriptional cell atlas显示文摘Human adult spermatogenesis balances spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) self-renewal and differentiation,alongside complex germ cell-niche interactions,to ensure long-term fertility and faithful genome propagation. Here,we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of -6500 testicular cells from young adults. We found five niche/somatic cell types (Leydig,myoid,Sertoli,endothelial,macrophage),and observed germline-niche interactions and key human-mouse differences. Spermatogenesis,including meiosis,was reconstructed computationally,revealing sequential coding,non-coding,and repeat-element transcriptional signatures. Interestingly,we identified five discrete transcriptional/developmental spermatogonial states,including a novel early SSC state,termed State 0. Epigenetic features and nascent transcription analyses suggested developmental plasticity within spermatogonial States. To understand the or丨gin of State 0,we profiled testicular cells from infants,and identified distinct similarities between adult State 0 and infant SSCs. Overall,our datasets describe key transcriptional and epigenetic signatures of the normal adult human testis,and provide new insights into germ cell developmental transitions and plasticity. | Jingtao Guo Edward J. Grow Hana Mlcochova Geoffrey J. Maher Cecilia Lindskog Xichen Nie Yixuan Guo Yodai Takei Jina Yun Long Cai Robin Kim Douglas T. Carrell Anne Goriely James M. Hotaling Bradley R. Cairns | 2018 | Cell Research2018，28，12： | 12 |
| 10 | Thymoquinone suppresses migration of Lo Vo human colon cancer cells by reducing prostaglandin E2 induced COX-2 activation显示文摘AIM To identify potential anti-cancer constituents in natural extracts that inhibit cancer cell growth and migration.METHODS Our experiments used high dose thymoquinone(TQ) as an inhibitor to arrest Lo Vo(a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line) cancer cell growth, which was detected by cell proliferation assay and immunoblotting assay. Low dose TQ did not significantly reduce Lo Vo cancer cell growth. Cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2) is an enzyme that is involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandin E2(PGE2) in humans. PGE2 can promote COX-2 protein expression and tumor cell proliferation and was used as a control.RESULTS Our results showed that 20 μmol/L TQ significantly reduced human LoV o colon cancer cell proliferation. TQ treatment reduced the levels of p-PI3 K, p-Akt, p-GSK3β, and β-catenin and thereby inhibited the downstream COX-2 expression. Results also showed that the reduction in COX-2 expression resulted in a reduction in PGE2 levels and the suppression of EP2 and EP4 activation. Further analysis showed that TG treatment inhibited the nuclear translocation of β-catenin in LoV o cancer cells. The levels of the cofactors LEF-1 and TCF-4 were also decreased in the nucleus following TQ treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with low dose TQ inhibited the COX-2 expression at the transcriptional level and the regulation of COX-2 expression efficiently reduced LoV o cell migration. The results were further verified in vivo by confirming the effects of TQ and/or PGE2 using tumor xenografts in nude mice.CONCLUSION TQ inhibits LoV o cancer cell growth and migration, and this result highlights the therapeutic advantage of using TQ in combination therapy against colorectal cancer. | Hsi-Hsien Hsu Ming-Cheng Chen Cecilia Hsuan Day Yueh-Min Lin Shin-Yi Li Chuan-Chou Tu Viswanadha Vijaya Padma Hui-Nung Shih Wei-Wen Kuo Chih-Yang Huang | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，7： | 12 |
| 11 | Human papillomavirus in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Colombia and Chile显示文摘AIM: To examine the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) specimens collected from Colombia and Chile located in the northern and southern ends of the continent, respectively. METHODS: We examined 47 and 26 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded ESCC specimens from Colombia and Chile, respectively. HPV was detected using GP5+/GP6+ primer pair for PCR, and confirmed by Southern blot analysis. Sequencing analysis of L1 region fragment was used to identify HPV genotype. In addition, P16INK4A protein immunostaining of all the specimens was conducted. RESULTS: HPV was detected in 21 ESCC specimens (29%). Sequencing analysis of L1 region fragment identified HPV-16 genome in 6 Colombian cases(13%) and in 5 Chilean cases (19%). HPV-18 was detected in 10 cases (21%) in Colombia but not in any Chilean case. Since Chilean ESCC cases had a higher prevalence of HPV-16 (without statistical significance), but a significantly lower prevalence of HPV-18 than in Colombian cases (P = 0.011) even though the two countries have similar ESCC incidence rates, the frequency of HPV-related ESCC may not be strongly affected by risk factors affecting the incidence of ESCC. HPV-16 genome was more frequently detected in p16 positive carcinomas, although the difference was not statistically significant. HPV-18 detection rate did not show any association with p16 expression. Well-differentiated tumors tended to have either HPV-16 or HPV-18 but the association was not statistically significant. HPV genotypes other than HPV-16 or 18 were not detected in either country. CONCLUSION: HPV-16 and HPV-18 genotypes can be found in ESCC specimens collected from two South American countries. Further studies on the relationship between HPV-16 presence and p16 expression in ESCC would aid understanding of the mechanism underlying the presence of HPV in ESCC. | Andres Castillo Francisco Aguayo Chihaya Koriyama Miyerlandi Torres Edwin Carrascal Alejandro Corvalan Juan P Roblero Cecilia Naquira Mariana Palma Claudia Backhouse Jorge Argandona Tetsuhiko Itoh Karem Shuyama Yoshito Eizuru Suminori Akiba | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，38： | 11 |
| 12 | 温室内蒸腾控制对高盐分下番茄生产的影响显示文摘针对无土栽培营养液循环系统中离子供应和吸收不平衡形成的营养液浓度增高、盐分增加 ,对产量和品质的影响 ,该文就不同蒸腾条件下 ,番茄对高盐分的反应进行了试验和分析。结果表明 :当营养液电导度 EC ( m S/cm)超过 2时 ,每增加一个 EC单位 ,上市的鲜重生产效率降低 5 .1% ,而收获的果数未受到影响 ,因此产量的降低主要是由于单果重的降低 ( 3 .8% )和非上市果数 (主要是蒂腐果 )的增加所致 ;控制环境 ,抑制蒸腾 ,上市的鲜重生产效率仅降低 3 .4 % ,与单果重的降低一致。根部高盐分没有影响单果干重的积累 ,温室内蒸腾控制对果实干重积累的影响也甚微。这一结果表明 :温室内蒸腾控制与根部盐分控制对产量有同样的重要性 。 | 李亚灵 Cecilia Stanghellini | 2001 | 农业工程学报2001，17，6： | 10 |
| 13 | Using Statistical Downscaling to Quantify the GCM-Related Uncertainty in Regional Climate Change Scenarios: A Case Study of Swedish Precipitation显示文摘有在地区性的气候变化情形的不确定性的很多来源。当统计 downscaling 被用来获得地区性的气候变化情形时,不确定性可以在使用的模型,统计模型的技巧,和强迫的情形用于世界气候模型的世界气候从不确定性发源。与世界气候模型联系的不确定性能被基于一套不同世界气候模型在预言者并且在 downscaled 气候变化情形检验差别评估。什么时候标准化了象 CoupledModel Intercomparison 工程(CMIP2 ) 的第二个阶段那样的世界气候模型模拟,被使用,在 downscaled 变量的差别主要在模仿的气候在气候模型和自然可变性反映差别。Itis 建议估计的传播能作为与世界气候模型联系的不确定性的一项措施被拿。建议方法在瑞典在地区性的降水变化情形被用于评价 ofglobal-climate-model-related 不确定性。尽管在降水的变化的可观的传播存在,基于在整个瑞典的年度降水有全面增加的 17 世界气候模型表演源于统计 downscaling。一般增加能被归因于增加的 large-scaleprecipitation 和提高的偏午。估计的不确定性将近独立于区域。然而,有季节的依赖。为冬季的估计显示出信心的高水平,当为夏天的估计最不出现时。 | Deliang CHEN Christine ACHBERGER Jouni R■IS■NEN Cecilia HELLSTRM | 2006 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2006，23，1： | 9 |
| 14 | Tumor-associated myeloid cells:diversity and therapeutic targeting显示文摘Myeloid cells in tumor tissues constitute a dynamic immune population characterized by a non-uniform phenotype and diverse functional activities.Both tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs),which are more abundantly represented,and tumor-associated neutrophils(TANs)are known to sustain tumor cell growth and invasion,support neoangiogenesis and suppress anticancer adaptive immune responses.In recent decades,several therapeutic approaches have been implemented in preclinical cancer models to neutralize the tumor-promoting roles of both TAMs and TANs.Some of the most successful strategies have now reached the clinic and are being investigated in clinical trials.In this review,we provide an overview of the recent literature on the evergrowing complexity of the biology of TAMs and TANs and the development of the most promising approaches to target these populations therapeutically in cancer patients. | Alberto Mantovani Federica Marchesi Sebastien Jaillon Cecilia Garlanda Paola Allavena | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，3： | 9 |
| 15 | Genotyping-by-sequencing of pear (Pyrus spp.) accessions unravels novel patterns of genetic diversity and selection footprints显示文摘Understanding of genetic diversity and marker-trait relationships in pears(Pyrus spp.)forms an important part of gene conservation and cultivar breeding.Accessions of Asian and European pear species,and interspecific hybrids were planted in a common garden experiment.Genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS)was used to genotype 214 accessions,which were also phenotyped for fruit quality traits.A combination of selection scans and association analyses were used to identify signatures of selection.Patterns of genetic diversity,population structure and introgression were also investigated.About 15000 high-quality SNP markers were identified from the GBS data,of which 25%and 11%harboured private alleles for European and Asian species,respectively.Bayesian clustering analysis suggested negligible gene flow,resulting in highly significant population differentiation(Fst=0.45)between Asian and European pears.Interspecific hybrids displayed an average of 55%and 45%introgression from their Asian and European ancestors,respectively.Phenotypic(firmness,acidity,shape and so on)variation between accessions was significantly associated with genetic differentiation.Allele frequencies at large-effect SNP loci were significantly different between genetic groups,suggesting footprints of directional selection.Selection scan analyses identified over 20 outlier SNP loci with substantial statistical support,likely to be subject to directional selection or closely linked to loci under selection. | Satish Kumar Chris Kirk Cecilia Deng Claudia Wiedow Mareike Knaebel Lester Brewer | 2017 | Horticulture Research2017，4，1： | 8 |
| 16 | Cytomegalovirus frequency in neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis determined by serology, histology, immunohistochemistry and PCR显示文摘AIM: To determine cytomegalovirus (CMV) frequency in neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis by serology, histological revision (searching for cytomegalic cells), immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and to verify the relationships among these methods.METHODS: The study comprised 101 non-consecutive infants submitted for hepatic biopsy between March 1982 and December 2005. Serological results were obtained from the patient's f iles and the other methods were performed on paraffin-embedded liver samples from hepatic biopsies. The following statistical measures were calculated: frequency, sensibility, specif ic positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy.RESULTS: The frequencies of positive results were as follows: serology, 7/64 (11%); histological revision, 0/84; immunohistochemistry, 1/44 (2%), and PCR, 6/77 (8%). Only one patient had positive immunohistochemical fi ndings and a positive PCR. The following statistical measures were calculated between PCR and serology: sensitivity, 33.3%; specificity, 88.89%; positive predictive value, 28.57%; negative predictive value, 90.91%; and accuracy, 82.35%. CONCLUSION: The frequency of positive CMV varied among the tests. Serology presented the highest positive frequency. When compared to PCR, the sensitivity and positive predictive value of serology were low. | Maria Angela Bellomo-Brandao Paula D Andrade Sandra CB Costa Cecilia AF Escanhoela Jose Vassallo Gilda Porta Adriana MA De Tommaso Gabriel Hessel | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，27： | 8 |
| 17 | Hydrogen sulfide, a signaling molecule in plant stress responses显示文摘Gaseous molecules, such as hydrogen sulfide(H_2S)and nitric oxide(NO), are crucial players in cellular and(patho)physiological processes in biological systems. The biological functions of these gaseous molecules, which were first discovered and identified as gasotransmitters in animals, have received unprecedented attention from plant scientists in recent decades. Researchers have arrived at the consensus that H_2S is synthesized endogenously and serves as a signaling molecule throughout the plant life cycle.However, the mechanisms of H_2S action in redox biology is still largely unexplored. This review highlights what we currently know about the characteristics and biosynthesis of H_2S in plants. Additionally,we summarize the role of H_2S in plant resistance to abiotic stress. Moreover, we propose and discuss possible redox-dependent mechanisms by which H_2S regulates plant physiology. | Jing Zhang Mingjian Zhou Heng Zhou Didi Zhao Cecilia Gotor Luis CRomero Jie Shen Zhenglin Ge Zhirong Zhang Wenbiao Shen Xingxing Yuan Yanjie Xie | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2021，63，1： | 8 |
| 18 | Viral hepatitis update: Progress and perspectives显示文摘Viral hepatitis,secondary to infection with hepatitis A,B,C,D,and E viruses,are a major public health problem and an important cause of morbidity and mortality.Despite the huge medical advances achieved in recent years,there are still points of conflict concerning the pathogenesis,immune response,development of new and more effective vaccines,therapies,and treatment.This review focuses on the most important research topics that deal with issues that are currently being solved,those that remain to be solved,and future research directions.For hepatitis A virus we will address epidemiology,molecular surveillance,new susceptible populations as well as environmental and food detections.In the case of hepatitis B virus,we will discuss host factors related to disease,diagnosis,therapy,and vaccine improvement.On hepatitis C virus,we will focus on pathogenesis,immune response,direct action antivirals treatment in the context of solid organ transplantation,issues related to hepatocellular carcinoma development,direct action antivirals resistance due to selection of resistanceassociated variants,and vaccination.Regarding hepatitis D virus,we describe diagnostic methodology,pathogenesis,and therapy.Finally,for hepatitis E virus,we will address epidemiology(including new emerging species),diagnosis,clinical aspects,treatment,the development of a vaccine,and environmental surveillance. | María B Pisano Cecilia G Giadans Diego M Flichman Viviana E Ré María V Preciado Pamela Valva | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，26： | 8 |
| 19 | 麦夸里岛毛皮海豹体内小塑料颗粒的来源和生物聚集显示文摘本文研究了从麦夸里岛上毛皮海豹(Arctocephalus spp.)粪便中发现的164个塑料颗粒(平均长度为4.1mm)。其中41个塑料颗粒的电子显微照片显示,从其形状来看,没有一个可被确定为塑料颗粒原料——通常这样的颗粒是圆柱形和球形的。而海豹粪便中的164个塑料颗粒全都是7种颜色的角形颗粒(原料颗粒通常是透明的或白色的),并可被分为两类:①沿晶体线碎裂的和可能是紫外线分解的;②被磨蚀成带有圆角的不规则形状(擦痕明显可见)。白色、棕色、绿色、黄色以及蓝色是最常见的颜色。在成分上,它们来自于5种聚合物群:聚乙烯93%;聚丙烯4%;多(1-CI-1-聚丁二烯)聚氯丁二烯2%;三聚氰胺-尿素(酚)(甲醛)树脂0.5%以及纤维素(绳纤维)0.5%。较大的群是漂浮的,比重小于海水。这些小塑料是由较大颗粒(碎片)分解而成的。它们看来是被水冲上岸的并在卵石海滩上受到研磨的塑料用品分解而成的。大多数颗粒(70%)肯定是由于经过不断的磨蚀而最后形成今天的形状。据假设,塑料颗粒被冲到海洋中,然后按其大小有选择地被一种中上层鱼——Electrona subaspera——吃掉,而这种鱼后来又被毛皮海豹吃掉。因此,这些塑料颗粒是由这种鱼和海豹在其正常的摄食过程中聚集的。 | Cecilia Eriksson Harry Burton 林宝法 | 2003 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2003，32，6： | 7 |
| 20 | Laparoscopic Versus Open Subtotal Gastrectomy for Distal Gastric Cancer: Five-Year Results of a Randomized Prospective Trial显示文摘 | Cristiano G.S. Huscher Andrea Mingoli Giovanna Sgarzini Andrea Sansonetti Massimiliano Di Paola Achille Recher Cecilia Ponzano | 2005 | Annals of Surgery2005，，2： | 7 |
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