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| 1 | A comparative laboratory diagnosis of malaria:microscopy versus rapid diagnostic test kits显示文摘Objective:To compare the two methods of rapid diagnostic tests(RDTs)and microscopy in the diagnosis of malaria.Methods:RDTs and microscopy were carried out to diagnose malaria. Percentage malaria parasitaemia was calculated on thin films and all non-acute cases of plasmodiasis with less than 0.001%malaria parasitaemia were regarded as negative.Results were simply presented as percentage positive of the total number of patients under study.The results of RDTs were compared to those of microscopy while those of RDTs based on antigen were compared to those of RDTs based on antibody.Patients' follow-up was made for all cases.Results: All the 200 patients under present study tested positive to RDTs based on malaria antibodies(serum)method(100%).128 out of 200 tested positive to RDTs based on malaria antigen(whole blood)method(64%),while 118 out of 200 patients under present study tested positive to visual microscopy of Lieshman and diluted Giemsa(59%).All patients that tested positive to microscopy also tested positive to RDTs based on antigen.All patients on the second day of follow-up were non-febrile and had antimalaria drugs.Conclusions;We conclude based on the present study that the RDTs based on malaria antigen(whole blood)method is as specific as the traditional microscopy and even appears more sensitive than microscopy.The RDTs based on antibody(serum)method is unspecific thus it should not be encouraged.It is most likely that Africa being an endemic region,formation of certain levels of malaria antibody may not be uncommon.The present study also supports the opinion that a good number of febrile cases is not due to malaria. We support WHO's report on cost effectiveness of RDTs but,recommend that only the antigen based method should possibly,be adopted in Africa and other malaria endemic regions of the world. | Azikiwe CCA Ifezulike CC Siminialayi IM Amazu LU Enye JC Nwakwunite OE | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Antitussive activity of Triclisia dictyophylla of the family Menispermecae显示文摘Objective:To verify through a scientific mean the therapeutic use of the plant as an anti-tussive agent,by traditional medicine healers and also aid in the search for new drugs developments from plants.Methods:The roots of Triclisia dictyophylla were investigated for their antitussive properties.The plant was uprooted in the month of June 2003 at Igbodo,Delta State,Nigeria and was taken to the university of Nigeria Nsukka for taxonomy. The roots were chopped,ground and immersed in pure drinking water for 24 hours.After filtration, extraction was carried out using a Rotary evaporator,preliminary phytochemistry and acute toxicity studies were carried out.Antitussive study was carried out using a total of 42 young rats of average weight of 72.2 g.The rats were housed in standard animal house of the university and were allowed access to feeds and water but, were fasted for 12 hours prior to commencement of experiment.Specific and appropriate dosage of the crude extract and Codeine re - dissolved in water were administered orally 30 minutes prior to induction of cough. Cough was induced by exposing the animals to Sulphure dioxide gas for 3- minutes.Coughing was taken as number of Head-nods per minute,Stethoscope aided audible sounds and,or tears secretion.Percentage cough inhibition for crude extract and,or Codeine treated rats were compared with reference to control animals.Results were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 13.0.Results:A 10.2%extraction yield was got from a starting root initial weight of 320 g.The preliminary phytochemistry of the aqueous root extract revealed the presence of alkaloids,saponins,flavonoids,proteins,reducing sugars,steroids,resins fats/oils and glycosides. The Median lethal dose(LD_(50)) based on Lorke's 1983 method was 548 mg/kg The aqueous root extract at concentrations of 10 mg/kg,50 mg/kg,100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg orally administered,inhibited cough in rats induced by sulphure dioxide gas by 16.67%,33.33%,50.00%and 83.33%respectively.While Codeine phosphate,a standard antitussive agent,at oral concentrations of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg inhibited cough in rats induced by sulphure dioxide gas by 33.33%and 60.67%respectively.Conclusion:Earlier works by some authors had led to isolation of Morhinian Alkaloids from Triclisia dictyophylla thus most probably linking its mechanism of antitussive activity to that likable of Morphine.This study justifies the use of the plant in treatment of cough by Traditional Medicine Healers. | Azikiwe CCA Unekwe PC Amazu LU Luechai Srigernyaung Ezeani MC Nwosu PJC Ajugwo A | 2009 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2009，2，4： | 2 |
| 3 | Antiinflammatory activity of the methanolic extract of the seeds of Carica papaya in experimental animals显示文摘Objective:To scientifically verify the claims of our traditional healers on the anti-inflammatory activity of Carica papaya(C.papaya) and possibly deduce its activities.Methods:0.1 mL of fresh egg albumin was injected into the right hind-paw of adult white Wistar rats to induce inflammation an hour post intraperitoneal(IP) administration of 50-200 mg/kg doses of the extract to 3 groups of 5 rats per group.The 4th group of 5 rats was used as negative control and received 2 mL/kg(IP) of physiological saline,while the 5th group of 5 rats was used as positive-comparative control and received(IP) 150 mg/kg of aspirin.Increases in diameter of the paw were measured with the aid of Veneer Calipers before extract administration and at interval of 30 minutes post administration for further 2 hours.Percentage inhibition of oedema was calculated for each dose group and results were subjected to statistical analysis using student /-test and analysis of variance(ANOVA).Results:All doses of extract showed a dose and time dependent inhibition effects of oedema(P<0.05).Conclusions:This work is at present though limited to animals,the anti-inflammatory activity of the seeds of C.papaya is perhaps proven. | Amazu LU Azikiwe CCA Njoku CJ Osuala FN Nwosu PJC Ajugwo AO Enye JC | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，11： | 2 |
| 4 | Gadolinium-enha nced excretory MR urography after low-dose diuretic injection:comparison with conventional excretory urography显示文摘 | Nolte-Ernsting CCA Bucker A Adam GB | 1998 | J Radiology1998，209，： | 1 |
| 5 | Gado linium-enhanced excretory MR urography ofter low-dose diuretic injection:comparison with conventional excretory urography显示文摘 | NOLTE-ERNSTING CCA BCKER A ADAM G B | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 6 | Dev 显示文摘 | Mizoguchi T Wheatley K Hanzawa Y et aL LHY and CCA 1 are partially redundant genes required to maintain circadian rhythms in Arabidopsis | 2002 | Cell2002，10，： | 1 |
| 7 | A neurysmal bone cyst : value of MR imaging and conventional radiology显示文摘 | Mahnken AH Nohe - Emsting CCA Wild berger JE | 2003 | J Eur Radiol2003，13，5： | 1 |
| 8 | In vitro antimicrobial activity of several concentrations of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine glueonate in the Elimination of Enterococcus faecalis显示文摘 | Gomes BP Ferraz CCA Vianna ME | 2001 | Int Endod J2001，34，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein:a novel candidate autoantigen in multiple sclerosis显示文摘 | Bernard CCA Johns TG Slavin A | 1997 | J Mol Med1997，75，： | 1 |
| 10 | Handlingmultiple objectives with particle swarm optimization显示文摘 | Coello CCA Pulido G T Lechunga M S | 2004 | IEEE Trans on Evolutionary Computation2004，8，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Gastrointestinal stromal tumors显示文摘 | Sriekland L Letson GD Muro CCA | 2001 | Cancer Control2001，8，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Gender does not influence the susceptibility of C57BL/6 mice to develop chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by myelin oligodendrocyte gtycopmtein显示文摘 | Okuda Y Okuda M Bemard CCA | 2002 | Immunol Lett2002，81，： | 1 |
| 13 | Aneurysmal bone cyst:value of MR imaging and conventional radiology显示文摘 | Mahnken AH Nolte-Ernsting CCA Wildberger JE | 2003 | Eur Radiol2003，13，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Inflammatory microcry stals differenbiallly regnlabe the secrebion of maerophage inflammatory protein 1 and interlenkin 8 by human hewbrophils:a possible mechanism of neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation in synovibis显示文摘 | Na cca che PH McColl SR | 1995 | J Exp Med1995，182，： | 1 |
| 15 | Interaction between ERAP1 and HLA-B27 in ankylosing spondylitis implicates peptide handling in the mechanism for HLA-B27 in disease susceptibility 显示文摘 | Evans DM Spencer CCA Pointon JJ | 2011 | Nat Genet2011，43，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Lack of usefulness of ABCD score in the early risk of recurrent stroke in transient ischemic attack patients显示文摘 | Purroy GF Molina CCA Montaner VJ | 2007 | Med Clin ( Barc)2007，128，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Fas ha s a crucial role in the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis显示文摘 | Bernard CCA Fujimura H | 1998 | Mol Immunol1998，35，5： | 1 |
| 18 | MR urography: examination techniques and clinicl applications显示文摘 | Nolte -Ernsting CCA Adam GB Gunther RW | 2001 | Eur Radiol2001，11，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Cyclic perform- ance of extended end-plate connections equipped with shape memory alloy bolts显示文摘 | Fang C Yam C H M Lam CCA | 2014 | Journal of Constructional Steel Research2014，94，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Co-culture fermentation of peanut-soy milk for the developmentof a novel functional beverage 显示文摘 | Do Amaral Santos CCA da Silva Libeck B Schwan R F | 2014 | International Journal of FoodMicrobiology2014，186，： | 1 |
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