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| 1 | Selective ligninolysis of wheat straw and wood chips by the white-rot fungus Lentinula edodes and its influence on in vitro rumen degradability显示文摘Background: The present work investigated the influence of lignin content and composition in the fungal treatment of lignocellulosic biomass in order to improve rumen degradability. Wheat straw and wood chips,differing in lignin composition, were treated with Lentinula edodes for 0, 2, 4, 8 and 12 wk and the changes occurring during fungal degradation were analyzed using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and detergent fiber analysis.Results: L. edodes preferentially degraded lignin, with only limited cellulose degradation, in wheat straw and wood chips, leaving a substrate enriched in cellulose. Syringyl(S)-lignin units were preferentially degraded than guaiacyl(G)-lignin units, resulting in a decreased S/G ratio. A decreasing S/G ratio(wheat straw: r =-0.72, wood chips: r =-0.75) and selective lignin degradation(wheat straw: r =-0.69, wood chips: r =-0.88) were correlated with in vitro gas production(IVGP), a good indicator for rumen degradability.Conclusions: L. edodes treatment increased the IVGP of wheat straw and wood chips. Effects on IVGP were similar for wheat straw and wood chips indicating that lignin content and 3D-structure of cell walls influence in vitro rumen degradability more than lignin composition. | Sandra J.A.van Kuijk José C.del Río Jorge Rencoret Ana Gutiérrez Anton S.M.Sonnenberg Johan J.P.Baars Wouter H.Hendriks John W.Cone | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，2： | 2 |
| 2 | Treatment of achalasia: lessons learned with Chagas’ disease显示文摘 | F. A. M.Herbella J. L. B.Aquino S.Stefani‐Nakano E. L. A.Artifon P.Sakai E.Crema N. A.Andreollo L. R.Lopes C.De Castro Pochini P. R.Corsi D.Gagliardi J. C.Del Grande | 2008 | Diseases of the Esophagus2008，，5： | 1 |
| 3 | 2011年耶罗火山喷发前的地震活动模式显示文摘在加那利群岛第一个被完全监测的火山于2011年10月10日在耶罗岛以南2km处开始喷发。这次海底火山喷发之前有各种各样的前兆信号,其中最明显的是在2011年7月开始出现的由人工拾取定位的近10 000个低震级地震组成的地震序列。这个地震活动序列揭示出从耶罗岛以北向南在10~17km之间的深度有20km的水平迁移,越向南地震的深度越深。我们应用相对定位算法(hypoDD)提高震源定位的精度。由此产生的地震分布更加紧凑,震源分布稍浅,并揭示了从北向南震源深度的明显差别。为了检查这些结果的可靠性所进行的检验给出重定位的最大不确定性为400m。此外还发现了新特征,包括在该岛中心地震活动的起源和在该岛以北在活动的最初一个月期间存在两个交替的孕震区。 | I.Domínguez Cerdea C.del Fresno A.Gomis Moreno 欧阳兆国 吴宝峰 杜微 | 2015 | 世界地震译丛2015，46，1： | 0 |
| 4 | Temperature changes in the root ecosystem affect plant functionality显示文摘Climate change is increasing the frequency of extreme heat events that aggravate its negative impact on plant development and agricultural yield.Most experiments designed to study plant adaption to heat stress apply homogeneous high temperatures to both shoot and root.However,this treatment does not mimic the conditions in natural fields,where roots grow in a dark environment with a descending temperature gradient.Excessively high temperatures severely decrease cell division in the root meristem,compromising root growth,while increasing the division of quiescent center cells,likely in an attempt to maintain the stem cell niche under such harsh conditions.Here,we engineered the TGRooZ,a device that generates a temperature gradient for in vitro or greenhouse growth assays.The root systems of plants exposed to high shoot temperatures but cultivated in theTGRooZ grow efficiently and maintain their functionality to sustain proper shoot growth and development.Furthermore,gene expression and rhizosphere or root microbiomecomposition are significantly less affected in TGRooZ-grown roots than in high-temperature-grown roots,correlating with higher root functionality.Our data indicate that use of the TGRooZ in heat-stress studies can improve our knowledge of plant response to high temperatures,demonstrating its applicability from laboratory studies to the field. | Mary Paz González-García Carlos M.Conesa Alberto Lozano-Enguita Victoria Baca-González Bárbara Simancas Sara Navarro-Neila María Sánchez-Bermúdez Isai Salas-González Elena Caro Gabriel Castrillo Juan C.del Pozo | 2023 | Plant Communications2023，4，3： | 0 |
| 5 | RANS simulations of the U and V grooves effect in the subcritical flow over four rotated circular cylinders显示文摘This paper presents a CFD study about the effect of the V and U grooves in the flow over four cylinders in diamond shape configuration at subcritical flow conditions(Re= 41 000). The k- ? Realizable turbulence model was implemented to fully structured hexahedral grids with near-wall refinements. Results showed that the numerical model was able to reproduce the impinging flow pattern and the repulsive forces present in the lateral cylinders of the smooth cylinder array. As a consequence of the flow alignment induced by the grooves, a jet-flow is formed between the lateral cylinders, which could cause an important vortex induced vibration effect especially in the rear cylinder. The magnitudes of the shear stresses at the valleys and peaks for the V grooved cylinders were lower than those of the U grooved cylinders, but the separation points were delayed due the U grooves presence. It is discussed the presence of a blowing effect caused by counter-rotating eddies located near the grooves peaks that cause a decrease of the shear stresses in the valleys, and promote them at the peaks. | ALONZO-GARCIA A. GUTIERREZ-TORRES C.del C. JIMENEZ BERNAL J.A. MOLLINEDO-PONCE de LEON H.R. MARTINEZ-DELGADILLO S.A. BARBOSA-SALDANA J.G. | 2015 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2015，27，4： | 0 |
| 6 | Interaction of Diet/Lifestyle Intervention and TCF7L2 Genotype on Glycemic Control and Adiposity among Overweight or Obese Adults:Big Data from Seven Randomized Controlled Trials Worldwide显示文摘Objective.The strongest locus which associated with type 2 diabetes(T2D)by the common variant rs7903146 is the transcription factor 7-like 2 gene(TCF7L2).We aimed to quantify the interaction of diet/lifestyle interventions and the genetic effect of TCF7L2 rs7903146 on glycemic traits,body weight,or waist circumference in overweight or obese adults in several randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Methods.From October 2016 to May 2018,a large collaborative analysis was performed by pooling individualparticipant data from 7 RCTs.These RCTs reported changes in glycemic control and adiposity of the variant rs7903146 after dietary/lifestyle-related interventions in overweight or obese adults.Gene treatment interaction models which used the genetic effect encoded by the allele dose and common covariates were applicable to individual participant data in all studies.Results.In the joint analysis,a total of 7 eligible RCTs were included(n=4,114).Importantly,we observed a significant effect modification of diet/lifestyle-related interventions on the TCF7L2 variant rs7903146 and changes in fasting glucose.Compared with the control group,diet/lifestyle interventions were related to lower fasting glucose by-3.06(95%CI,-5.77 to-0.36)mg/dL(test for heterogeneity and overall effect:I^(2)=45:1%,p<0:05;z=2:20,p=0:028)per one copy of the TCF7L2 T risk allele.Furthermore,regardless of genetic risk,diet/lifestyle interventions were associated with lower waist circumference.However,there was no significant change for diet/lifestyle interventions in other glycemic control and adiposity traits per one copy of TCF7L2 risk allele.Conclusions.Our findings suggest that carrying the TCF7L2 T risk allele may have a modestly greater benefit for specific diet/lifestyle interventions to improve the control of fasting glucose in overweight or obese adults. | Tao Huang Zhenhuang Zhuang Yoriko Heianza Dianjianyi Sun Wenjie Ma Wenxiu Wang Meng Gao Zhe Fang Emilio Ros Liana C.Del Gobbo Jordi Salas-Salvadó Miguel A.Martínez-González Jan Polak Markku Laakso Arne Astrup Dominique Langin Jorg Hager Gabby Hul Torben Hansen Oluf Pedersen Jean-Michel Oppert Wim H.M.Saris Peter Arner Montserrat Cofán Sujatha Rajaram Jaakko Tuomilehto Jaana Lindström Vanessa D.de Mello Alena Stancacova Matti Uusitupa Mathilde Svendstrup Thorkild I.A.Sørensen Christopher D.Gardner Joan Sabaté Dolores Corella J.Alfredo Martinez Lu Qi | 2021 | Health Data Science2021，，1： | 0 |
| 7 | nZEB:bridging the gap between design forecast and actual performance data显示文摘The nZEB objectives have raised the standard of building performance and changed the way in which buildings are designed and used.Although energy dynamic simulation tools are potentially the most suitable way for accurately evaluating and forecasting the thermal performance,they need several data inputs and user’s knowledge that can affect the reliability of the results.It is precisely these two aspects that proved to be particularly critical,since the reliability of the ICT calculation tools has been widely proven in recent time.However,in order to foster credibility in sustainable architecture,bridging the gap between predicted and measured performance is pivotal to boost the building market towards energy efficiency and provide reliable data to inhabitant,investors and policy maker.The present research aims to identify and quantify the main factors that affect the energy performance gap through a detailed energy analysis carried out on a case study,which can be considered one of the first nearly zero energy residential complex built in Italy.Based on the analysis,the study identifies the main causes of the deviation between the calculated and measured data and demonstrates how it is possible to achieve very reliable models and,therefore,real buildings.Although the procedure traces a classic model calibration scheme,actually it consists of a verification of possible downstream errors mainly due to human factors,such as the provision of incorrect technical data or inappropriate operation.Some observations on the technical,management and regulatory gaps that may generate these errors are reported at the end of the study,together with practical suggestions that can provide effective solutions. | N.Aste R.S.Adhikari M.Buzzetti C.Del Pero H.E.Huerto-Cardenas F.Leonforte A.Miglioli | 2022 | Energy and Built Environment2022，3，1： | 0 |
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