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| 1 | Intravenous administration of glutathione protects parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells against reperfusion injury following rat liver transplantation显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of intravenous administration of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) on reperfusion injury following liver transplantation.METHODS:Livers of male Lewis rats were transplanted after 24 h of hypothermic preservation in University of Wisconsin solution in a syngeneic setting. During a 2-h reperfusion period either saline (controls,n=8) or GSH (50 or 100μmol/(h·kg),n=5 each) was continuously administered via the jugular vein.RESULTS:Two hours after starting reperfusion plasma ALT increased to 1 457±281U/L (mean±SE) in controls but to only 908_+187 U/L (P<0.05) in animals treated with 100μmol GSH/(h·kg).No protection was conveyed by 50μmol GSH/(h·kg).Cytoprotection was confirmed by morphological findings on electron microscopy:GSH treatment prevented detachment of sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) as well as loss of microvilli and mitochondrial swelling of hepatocytes. Accordingly, postischemic bile flow increased 2-fold. Intravital fluorescence microscopy revealed a nearly complete restoration of sinusoidal blood flow and a significant reduction of leukocyte adherence to sinusoids and postsinusoidal venules. Following infusion of 50μmol and 100 μmol GSH/(h·kg),plasma GSH increased to 65±7mol/L and 97±18μmol/L,but to only 20±3mol/L in untreated recipients.Furthermore, plasma glutathione disulfide (GSSG) increased to 7.5±1.0mol/L in animals treated with 100μmol/(h·kg) GSH but infusion of 50μmol GSH/(h·kg) did not raise levels of untreated controls (1.8±0.5mol/L vs 2.2±0.2mol/L).CONCLUSION:Plasma GSH levels above a critical level may act as a “sink” for ROS produced in the hepatic vasculature during reperfusion of liver grafts.Therefore, GSH can be considered a candidate antioxidant for the prevention of reperfusion injury after liver transplantation, in particular since it has a low toxicity in humans. | RolfJ.Schauer SinanKalmuk Alexander L.Gerbes Rosemarie Leiderer Herbert Meissner Friedrich W.Schildberg Konrad Messmer Manfred Bilzer | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，6： | 9 |
| 2 | PI 3-kinase pathway is responsible for antiapoptotic effects of atrial natriuretic peptide in rat liver transplantation显示文摘AIM:To investigate the in vivo effect of atrial natriureticpeptide(ANP)and its signaling pathway during ortho-topic rat liver transplantation.METHODS:Rats were infused with NaCl,ANP(5 μg/kg),wortmannin(WM,16 μg/kg),or a combination ofboth for 20 min.Livers were stored in UW solution(4°C)for 24 h,transplanted and reperfused.Apoptosis wasexamined by caspase-3 activity and TUNEL staining.Phosphorylation of Akt and Bad was visualized by West-ern blotting and phospho-Akt-localization by confocalmicroscopy.RESULTS:ANP-pretreatment decreased caspase-3activity and TUNEL-positive cells after cold ischemia,indicating antiapoptotic effects of ANP in vivo.The an-tiapoptotic signaling of ANP was most likely caused byphosphorylation of Akt and Bad,since pretreatment withPI 3-kinase inhibitor WM abrogated the ANP-inducedreduction of caspase-3 activity.Interestingly,analysis ofliver tissue by confocal microscopy showed translocationof phosphorylated Akt to the plasma membrane of hepa-tocytes evoked by ANP.CONCLUSION:ANP activates the PI-3-kinase pathwayin the liver in vivo leading to phosphorylation of Bad, an event triggering antiapoptotic signaling cascade inischemic liver. | Uwe Grutzner Melanie Keller Michael Bach Alexandra K Kiemer Herbert Meissner Manfred Bilzer Stefan Zahler Alexander L Gerbes Angelika M Vollmar | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，7： | 3 |
| 3 | Evaluation of serum Cystatin C concentration as a marker of renal function in patients with cirrhosis of the liver显示文摘 | Gerbes AL Gulberg V Bilzer M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Glutathione protects the rat liver against reperfusion injury after hypothermic preservation显示文摘 | Bilzer M Paumgartner G Gerbes A L | 1999 | Gastroenterol1999，117，： | 1 |
| 5 | The immunopathogenesis of Borna disease virus infection显示文摘 | Stitz L Bilzer T Planz O | 2002 | Front Biosci2002，7，： | 1 |
| 6 | Evaluation of serum cystatin C concentration as a marker of renal function in patients with cirrhosis of the liver显示文摘 | Gerbes A L Gulberg V Bilzer M | 2002 | Gut2002，50，1： | 1 |
| 7 | The immunopathogenesis of Borna disease virus infection显示文摘 | Stitz L Bilzer T Planz O | 2002 | Front Biosci2002，7，： | 1 |
| 8 | Neutralizing antibodies in persistent Borna disease virus infeetion:prophylaetic effect of gp94-specific monoclonal antibodies in preventing encephalitis显示文摘 | Furrer E Bilzer T Stitz L | 2001 | Journal of Virology2001，75，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Expression of vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein in ethylnitrosourea-induced rat gliomas and glioma cell lines显示文摘 | Reifenberger G Bilzer T Seitz RJ | 1989 | Acta Neuropathol1989，78，： | 1 |
| 10 | Role of Kupffer cells in host defense and liver disease 显示文摘 | Bilzer M Roggel F Gerbes AL | 2006 | Liver Int2006，26，10： | 1 |
| 11 | MICROCIRCULATORY FAILURE AFTER RAT LIVER TRANSPLANTATION IS RELATED TO KUPFFER CELL-DERIVED OXIDANT STRESS BUT NOT INVOLVED IN EARLY GRAFT DYSFUNCTION1显示文摘 | Rolf J. Schauer Manfred Bilzer Sinan Kalmuk Alexander L. Gerbes Rosmarie Leiderer Friedrich W. Schildberg Konrad Messmer | 2001 | Transplantation2001，，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Glutathione treatment protectsthe rat liver against injury after warm ischemia and Kupffercell activation显示文摘 | Bilzer M Baron A Schauer R | 2002 | Digestion2002，66，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Long-term therapy and retreatment of hepatorenal syndrome type I with ornipressin and opamine显示文摘 | Gulberg V Bilzer M C erbes AL | 1999 | Hepatology1999，30，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Role of Kupffer cells in host defense and liver disease显示文摘 | Bilzer M Roggel F Gerbes A L | | 0，，10： | 1 |
| 15 | Tauroursodeoxycholic acid inserts the apical conjugate export pump, Mrp2, into canalicular membranes and stimulates organic anion secretion by protein kinase C-dependent mechanisms in cholestatic rat liver显示文摘 | Beuers U Bilzer M Chittattu A | 2001 | Hepatology2001，33，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Evaluation of serum cystatin C coneentration as a marker of rnal function inpatients with cirrhosis of the oiver显示文摘 | Gerbes AL Gulberg V Bilzer M | 2002 | Gut2002，50，50： | 1 |
| 17 | Immunopathogenic role of T-cell subsets inBoma disease virus-induced progressive encephalitis显示文摘 | Planz 0 Bilzer T Stitz L | 1995 | J Virol1995，69，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Neutralizing antibodies in persistent Borna disease virus infection: prophylactic effect of gp94-specific monoclonal antibodies in preventing encephalitis显示文摘 | Furrer E Bilzer T Stitz L | 2001 | J Virol2001，75，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Role of Kupffer cells in host defense and liver disease 显示文摘 | Bilzer M Roggel F Gerbes AL | 2006 | Liver Int2006，26，10： | 1 |
| 20 | CD8 + T cellscontribute to tissue destruction during boma disease 显示文摘 | Bilzer T Stitz L Immune-niediated brain atrophy | 1994 | J Immunol1994，153，2： | 1 |
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