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| 1 | Angiographic evaluation and management of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage显示文摘Although most cases of acute nonvariceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage either spontaneously resolve or respond to medical management or endoscopic treatment,there are still a significant number of patients who require emergency angiography and transcatheter treatment.Evaluation with noninvasive imaging such as nuclear scintigraphy or computed tomography may localize the bleeding source and/or confirm active hemorrhage prior to angiography.Any angiographic evaluation should begin with selective catheterization of the artery supplying the most likely site of bleeding,as determined by the available clinical,endoscopic and imaging data.If a hemorrhage source is identified,superselective catheterization followed by transcatheter microcoil embolization is usually the most effective means of successfully controlling hemorrhage while minimizing potential complications.This is now wellrecognized as a viable and safe alternative to emergency surgery.In selected situations transcatheter intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin may also be useful in controlling acute gastrointestinal bleeding.One must be aware of the various side effects and potential complications associated with this treatment,however,and recognize the high re-bleeding rate.In this article we review the current role of angiography,transcatheter arterial embolization and infusion therapy in the evaluation and management of nonvariceal gastrointestinal hemorrhage. | T Gregory Walker Gloria M Salazar Arthur C Waltman | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，11： | 24 |
| 2 | Specific probiotics alleviate allergic rhinitis during the birch pollen season显示文摘AIM:To investigate whether birch pollen allergy symptoms are linked with gut microbiota changes and whether probiotics have an effect on these.METHODS:Forty seven children with confirmed birch pollen allergy were randomized to receive either a probiotic combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L.acidophilus) NCFMTM (ATCC 700396) and Bifidobacterium lactis (B.lactis) Bl-04 (ATCC SD5219) or placebo in a double-blind manner for 4 mo,starting prior to onset of the birch pollen season.Symptoms were recorded in a diary.Blood samples were taken for analysis of cytokines and eosinophils.Fecal samples were analysed for microbiota components,calprotectin and IgA.Nasal swabs were taken for analysis of eosinophils.RESULTS:The pollen season induced a reduction in Bifidobacterium,Clostridium and Bacteroides which could not be prevented by the probiotic intervention.During the intervention,significantly higher numbers of B.lactis 11.2×107 ± 4.2×107 vs 0.1×107 ± 0.1×107 bacteria/g feces (P<0.0001) and L.acidophilus NCFMTM 3.5×106 ± 1.3×106 vs 0.2×106 ± 0.1×106 bacteria/g feces (P<0.0001) were observed in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group.During May,there was a tendency for fewer subjects,(76.2% vs 95.2%,P=0.078) to report runny nose,while during June,fewer subjects,11.1% vs 33.3%,reported nasal blocking in the probiotics group (P =0.101).Concomitantly,fewer subjects in the probiotic group had infiltration of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa compared to the placebo group,57.1% vs 95% (P=0.013).Eye symptoms tended to be slightly more frequent in the probiotic group,12.5 d [interquartile range (IQR) 6-18] vs 7.5 d (IQR 0-11.5) (P=0.066) during May.Fecal IgA was increased in the placebo group during the pollen season;this increase was prevented by the probiotics (P=0.028).CONCLUSION:Birch pollen allergy was shown to be associated with changes in fecal microbiota composition.The specific combination of probiotics used was shown to prevent the pollen-induced infiltration of eosinophils into the nasal mucosa,and indicated a trend for reduced nasal symptoms. | Arthur C Ouwehand Merja Nermes Maria Carmen Collado Nina Rautonen Seppo Salminen Erika Isolauri | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，26： | 19 |
| 3 | Probiotic supplementation decreases intestinal transit time: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials显示文摘AIM: To determine the efficacy of probiotic supplementation on intestinal transit time (ITT) and to identify factors that influence these outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotic supplementation that measured ITT in adults was conducted by searching MEDLINE and EMBASE using relevant combinations. Main search limits included RCTs of probiotic supplementation in healthy or constipated adults that measured ITT. Study quality was assessed using the Jadad scale. A random effects meta-analysis was performed with standardized mean difference (SMD) of ITT between probiotic and control groups as the primary outcome. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the impact of moderator variables on ITT SMD. RESULTS: A total of 11 clinical trials with 13 treatment effects representing 464 subjects were included in this analysis. Probiotic supplementation was associated with decreased ITT in relation to controls, with an SMD of 0.40 (95%CI: 0.20-0.59, P < 0.001). Constipation (r 2 = 39%, P = 0.01), higher mean age (r 2 = 27%, P = 0.03), and higher percentage of female subjects (r 2 = 23%, P < 0.05) were predictive of decreased ITT with probiotics in meta-regression. Subgroup analyses demonstrated statistically greater reductions in ITT with probiotics in subjects with vs without constipation and in older vs younger subjects [both SMD: 0.59 (95%CI: 0.39-0.79) vs 0.17 (95%CI: -0.08-0.42), P = 0.01]. Medium to large treatment effects were identified with Bifidobacterium Lactis (B. lactis ) HN019 (SMD: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.27-1.18, P < 0.01) and B. lactis DN-173 010 (SMD: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.15-0.94, P < 0.01) while other single strains and combination products yielded small treatment effects. CONCLUSION: Overall, short-term probiotic supplementation decreases ITT with consistently greater treatment effects identified in constipated or older adults and with certain probiotic strains. | Larry E Miller Arthur C Ouwehand | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，29： | 9 |
| 4 | Irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity improves equally with probiotic and placebo显示文摘AIM To determine the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM on irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) symptoms and quality of life(Qo L).METHODS In this randomized triple-blind trial, adult IBS volunteerswho were recruited according to Rome Ⅲ criteria received 109 or 1010 colony-forming units of NCFM or placebo daily for 12 wk. IBS Symptom Severity Score(IBS-SSS), which constituted the primary outcome, and secondary outcomes, including individual IBS symptoms, IBS-related QoL questionnaire, anxiety and depression, defecation frequency, and stool consistency, were assessed at baseline at the end of the 8-wk runin period, after 4 and 12 wk of intervention, and after a 4-wk washout.RESULTS A total of 340 of 391 randomized volunteers completed the trial. IBS-SSS improved over 12 wk of treatment in all treatment groups, decreasing by a mean ± SD of 44.0 ± 80.2, 50.8 ± 82.4, and 48.3 ± 72.2 in the placebo, active low-dose, and active high-dose groups, respectively. Similarly, secondary outcomes did not differ between treatment groups. However, in a post hoc analysis of volunteers with moderate to severe abdominal pain at baseline(VAS > 35/100), the treatment significantly reduced the sensation of abdominal pain. Pain scores fell by 20.8 ± 22.8, 29.4 ± 17.9, and 31.2 ± 21.9 in the placebo, active low-dose, and active high-dose groups, respectively(P value for placebo vs combined active doses = 0.0460).CONCLUSION NCFM alleviates moderate to severe abdominal pain, consistent with earlier observations of this strain mitigating visceral pain through increased analgesic receptor expression. | Anna Lyra Markku Hillila Teppo Huttunen Sofia Mannikko Mikko Taalikka Julia Tennila Anneli Tarpila Sampo Lahtinen Arthur C Ouwehand Lea Veijola | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，48： | 7 |
| 5 | 低水平电离辐射致癌效应剂量响应关系的评论性再评估显示文摘数十年来 ,为了辐射防护目的 ,通常假定辐射诱发癌的总危险是随着剂量呈线性无阈函数增加。现有的资料并不排除有阈存在 ,然而 ,剂量响应关系的变化是依赖于所论及的癌症类型 ,剂量 ,剂量率 ,以及辐射的 L ET,受照个体的年龄、性别和生理状态 ,以及其他因素 ,其中包括在低剂量条件下的适应性响应和旁观者效应的潜在影响。所以 ,根据不断发展的科学知识 ,下列机构定期对低水平辐射的剂量响应关系进行再评估 ,这些机构是 :美国国家辐射防护与测量委员会 ( NCRP) ,国际放射防护委员会 ( ICRP) ,联合国原子辐射效应科学委员会 ( UN SCEAR) ,美国国家科学院 ( USN AS)以及其他机构。近来这些评论普遍发现的重要证据认为 ,作为癌症前体的损伤 (例如突变和染色体畸变 ) ,以及某些类型癌症 ,其发生率在低剂量范围内将随着剂量线性增加。在此基础上 ,可以得出以下结论 :对于低水平辐射的致癌效应 ,尽管不排除有其他剂量响应关系 。 | Arthur C Upton 陈兴安 | 2003 | 辐射防护通讯2003，23，2： | 6 |
| 6 | Impact of laparoscopic surgery training laboratory on surgeon's performance显示文摘Minimally invasive surgery has been replacing the open standard technique in several procedures. Similar or even better postoperative outcomes have been described in laparoscopic or robot-assisted procedures when compared to open surgery. Moreover, minimally invasive surgery has been providing less postoperative pain, shorter hospitalization, and thus a faster return to daily activities. However, the learning curve required to obtain laparoscopic expertise has been a barrier in laparoscopic spreading. Laparoscopic surgery training laboratory has been developed to aid surgeons to overcome the challenging learning curve. It may include tutorials, inanimate model skills training(box models and virtual reality simulators), animal laboratory, and operating room observation. Several different laparoscopic courses are available with specific characteristics and goals. Herein, we aim to describe the activities performed in a dry and animal-model training laboratory and to evaluate the impact of different kinds of laparoscopic surgery training courses on surgeon's performance. Several tasks are performed in dry and animal laboratory to reproduce a real surgery. A short period of training can improve laparoscopic surgical skills, although most of times it is not enough to confer laparoscopic expertise for participants. Nevertheless, this short period of training is able to increase the laparoscopic practice of surgeons in their communities. Full laparoscopic training in medical residence or fellowship programs is the best way of stimulating laparoscopic dissemination. | Fabio C M Torricelli Joao Arthur B A Barbosa Giovanni S Marchini | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，11： | 6 |
| 7 | Preoperative radiotherapy versus selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer (MRC CR07 and NCIC-CTG C016): a multicentre, randomised trial显示文摘 | David Sebag-Montefiore Richard J Stephens Robert Steele John Monson Robert Grieve Subhash Khanna Phil Quirke Jean Couture Catherine de Metz Arthur Sun Myint Eric Bessell Gareth Griffiths Lindsay C Thompson Mahesh Parmar | 2009 | The Lancet2009，，9666： | 5 |
| 8 | Copolymerization of Ethylene and Propyiene with Functionalized Vinyl Monomers by PalladiumII) Catalysts显示文摘 | Johnson L K Killian C M Arthur S D | | 0，，： | 4 |
| 9 | Preoperative radiotherapy versus selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer (MRC CR07 and NCIC-CTG C016): a multicentre, randomised trial显示文摘 | David Sebag-Montefiore Richard J Stephens Robert Steele John Monson Robert Grieve Subhash Khanna Phil Quirke Jean Couture Catherine de Metz Arthur Sun Myint Eric Bessell Gareth Griffiths Lindsay C Thompson Mahesh Parmar | 2009 | The Lancet2009，，9666： | 3 |
| 10 | 当前围手术期处理模式:北欧五国结直肠外科医生调查显示文摘 | Kristoffer Lassen Pascal Hannemann Olle Ljungqvist Ken Fearon Cornelis H C Dejong Maarten F von Meyenfeldt Jonatan Hausel Jonas Nygren Jens Andersen Arthur Revhaug 王东 | 2005 | 英国医学杂志中文版2005，8，6： | 3 |
| 11 | Preoperative radiotherapy versus selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer (MRC CR07 and NCIC-CTG C016): a multicentre, randomised trial显示文摘 | David Sebag-Montefiore Richard J Stephens Robert Steele John Monson Robert Grieve Subhash Khanna Phil Quirke Jean Couture Catherine de Metz Arthur Sun Myint Eric Bessell Gareth Griffiths Lindsay C Thompson Mahesh Parmar | 2009 | The Lancet . 2009 (9666)2009，，9666： | 3 |
| 12 | Contemporary meta-analysis of short-term probiotic consumption on gastrointestinal transit显示文摘AIM: To determine the efficacy of probiotic supplementation on intestinal transit time(ITT) in adults and to identify factors that influence these outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of probiotic supplementation that measured ITT in adults. Study quality was assessed using the Jadad scale. A random effects meta-analysis was performed with standardized mean difference(SMD) of ITT between probiotic and control groups as the primary outcome. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses examined the impact of moderator variables on SMD of ITT.RESULTS: A total of 15 clinical trials with 17 treatment effects representing 675 subjects were included in this analysis. Probiotic supplementation was moderately efficacious in decreasing ITT compared to control, with an SMD of 0.38(95%CI: 0.23-0.53, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses demonstrated statistically greater reductions in ITT with probiotics in subjects with vs without constipation(SMD: 0.57 vs 0.22, P < 0.01) and in studies with high vs low study quality(SMD: 0.45 vs 0.00, P = 0.01). Constipation(R^2 = 38%, P < 0.01), higher study quality(R^2 = 31%, P = 0.01), older age(R^2 = 27%, P = 0.02), higher percentage of female subjects(R^2 = 26%, P = 0.02), and fewer probiotic strains(R^2 = 20%, P < 0.05) were predictive of decreased ITT with probiotics in meta-regression. Medium to large treatment effects were identified with B. lactis HN019(SMD: 0.67, P < 0.001) and B. lactis DN-173 010(SMD: 0.54, P < 0.01) while other probiotic strains yielded negligible reductions in ITT relative to control.CONCLUSION: Probiotic supplementation is moderately efficacious for reducing ITT in adults. Probiotics were most efficacious in constipated subjects, when evaluated in high-quality studies, and with certain probiotic strains. | Larry E Miller Angela K Zimmermann Arthur C Ouwehand | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，21： | 2 |
| 13 | 卒中介入治疗培训指南:国际多学会共识文件显示文摘1背景
缺血性卒中是全球人口死亡和残疾的首要原因。很多急性大血管闭塞(emergent large vesselocclusion,ELVO)患者都会遗留长期残疾。事实上,这些颅内大动脉闭塞经常会导致大面积脑损伤,进而造成患者死亡或严重致残。 | Lavine SD Cockroft K Hoh B Bambakidis N Khalessi AA Woo H Riina H Siddiqui A Hirsch JA Chong W Rice H Wenderoth J Mitchell P Coulthard A Signh TJ Phatorous C Khangure M Klurfan P ter Brugge K Iancu D Gunnarsson T Pongpech S Rodesch G Soderman M Taylor A Krings T Orbach D Picard L Suh DC Zheng HQ Jansen O Muto M Szikora I Pierot L Brouwer P Gralla J Renowden S Andersson T Fiehler J Turjman F White P Januel AC Spelle L Kulcsar Z Chapot R Biondi A Dima S Taschner C Szajner M Krajina A Sakai N Matsumaru Y Yoshknura S Ezura M Fujinaka T Iihara K Ishii A Higashi T Hirohata M Hyodo A Ito Y Kawanishi M Kiyosue H Kobayashi E Kobayashi S Kuwayama N Matsumoto Y Miyachi S Murayama Y Nagata I Nakahara I Nemoto S Niimi Y Oishi H Satomi J Satow T Sugiu K Tanaka M Terada T Yamagami H Diaz O Lylyk P Jayaraman MV Patsalides A Gandhi CD Lee SK Abruzzo T Albani B Ansari SA Arthur AS Baxter BW Bulsara KR Chen M Almandoz JE Fraser JF Heck DV Hetts SW Hussain MS Klucznik RP Leslie-Mawzi TM Mack WJ McTaggart RA Meyers PM Mocco J Prestigiacomo CA Pride GL Rasmussen PA Starke RM Sunenshine PJ Tarr RW Frei DF Pabo M Nogueira RG Zaidat OO Jovin T Linfante I Yavagal D Liebeskind D Novakovic R Pongpech S 许岩 孙瑞 郭芮兵 | 2017 | 国际脑血管病杂志2017，25，5： | 2 |
| 14 | 2009 Focused Update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines显示文摘 | Mariell Jessup William T. Abraham Donald E. Casey Arthur M. Feldman Gary S. Francis Theodore G. Ganiats Marvin A. Konstam Donna M. Mancini Peter S. Rahko Marc A. Silver Lynne Warner Stevenson Clyde W. Yancy Sharon Ann Hunt William T. Abraham Marshall H. C | 2009 | Circulation2009，，14： | 2 |
| 15 | Comparison of bacterial quantities in left and right colon biopsies and faeces显示文摘AIM:To compare quantities of predominant and pathogenic bacteria in mucosal and faecal samples.METHODS:Twenty patients undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy with endoscopically and histologically normal mucosa were recruited to the study,14 subjects of which also supplied faecal(F) samples between 15 d to 105 d post colonoscopy.Mucosal biopsies were taken from each subject from the midportion of the ascending colon(right side samples,RM) and the sigmoid(left side samples,LM).Predominant intestinal and mucosal bacteria including clostridial 16S rRNA gene clusters Ⅳ and ⅩⅣab,Bacteroidetes,Enterobacteriaceae,Bifidobacterium spp.,Akkermansia muciniphila(A.muciniphila),Veillonella spp.,Collinsella spp.,Faecalibacterium prausnitzii(F.prausnitzii) and putative pathogens such asEscherichia coli(E.coli),Clostridium difficile(C.difficile),Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus) were analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).Host DNA was quantified from the mucosal samples with human glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene targeting qPCR.Paired t tests and the Pearson correlation were applied for statistical analysis.RESULTS:The most prominent bacterial groups were clostridial groups Ⅳ and ⅩⅣa+b andBacteroidetes and bacterial species F.prausnitzii in both sample types.H.pylori and S.aureus were not detected and C.difficile was detected in only one mucosal sample and three faecal samples.E.coli was detected in less than half of the mucosal samples at both sites,but was present in all faecal samples.All detected bacteria,except Enterobacteriaceae,were present at higher levels in the faeces than in the mucosa,but the different locations in the colon presented comparable quantities(RM,LM and F followed byP 1 for RMvs F,P 2 for LMvs F andP 3 for RM vs LM:4.17 ± 0.60 log 10 /g,4.16 ± 0.56 log 10 /g,5.88 ± 1.92 log 10 /g,P 1 = 0.011,P 2 = 0.0069,P 3 = 0.9778 forA.muciniphila;6.25 ± 1.3 log 10 /g,6.09 ± 0.81 log 10 /g,8.84 ± 1.38 log 10 /g,P 1 < 0.0001,P 2 = 0.0002,P 3 = 0.6893 forBacteroidetes;5.27 ± 1.68 log 10 /g,5.38 ± 2.06 log 10 /g,8.20 ± 1.14 log 10 /g,P 1 < 0.0001,P 2 ≤ 0.0001,P 3 = 0.7535 forBifidobacterium spp.;6.44 ± 1.15 log 10 /g,6.07 ±1.45 log 10 /g,9.74 ±1.13 log 10 /g,P 1 < 0.0001,P 2 ≤ 0.0001,P 3 = 0.637 forClostridium cluster Ⅳ;6.65 ± 1.23 log 10 /g,6.57 ± 1.52 log 10 /g,9.13 ± 0.96 log 10 /g,P 1 < 0.0001,P 2 ≤ 0.0001,P 3 = 0.9317 forClostridium cluster ⅩⅣa;4.57 ± 1.44 log10/g,4.63 ± 1.34 log10/g,7.05 ± 2.48 log 10 /g,P 1 = 0.012,P 2 = 0.0357,P 3 = 0.7973 for Collinsella spp.;7.66 ± 1.50 log 10 /g,7.60 ± 1.05 log 10 /g,10.02 ± 2.02 log 10 /g,P 1 ≤ 0.0001,P 2 = 0.0013,P 3 = 0.9919 forF.prausnitzsii;6.17 ± 1.3 log 10 /g,5.85 ± 0.93 log 10 /g,7.25 ± 1.01 log 10 /g,P 1 = 0.0243,P 2 = 0.0319,P 3 = 0.6982 for Veillonella spp.;4.68 ± 1.21 log 10 /g,4.71 ± 0.83 log 10 /g,5.70 ± 2.00 log 10 /g,P 1 = 0.1927,P 2 = 0.0605,P 3 = 0.6476 forEnterobacteriaceae).TheBifidobacterium spp.counts correlated significantly between mucosal sites and mucosal and faecal samples(Pearson correlation coefficients 0.62,P = 0.040 and 0.81,P = 0.005 between the right mucosal sample and faeces and the left mucosal sample and faeces,respectively).CONCLUSION:Non-invasive faecal samples do not reflect bacterial counts on the mucosa at the individual level,except for bifidobacteria often analysed in probiotic intervention studies. | Anna Lyra Sofia Forssten Peter Rolny Yvonne Wettergren Sampo J Lahtinen Krista Salli Lennart Cedgrd Elisabeth Odin Bengt Gustavsson Arthur C Ouwehand | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 2 |
| 16 | Thermal behaviour analysis in a porcelainhoused ZnO surge arrester by computer simulations and thermography显示文摘In this article,an analysis of heat transfer in a porcelain-housed ZnO surge arrester is presented.Due to the fact that ZnO-based surge arresters are key components for protection and reliability of electrical systems,it is necessary to seek techniques to assure correct assessment.In porcelain-housed arresters,the air gap leads to an increased thermal resistance between the ambient and the varistor column.Consequently,a thermal analysis must consider convection and radiation heat transfer mechanisms,besides heat conduction.This study proposes the use of computational simulations in combination with thermography as a tool for a temperature-based estimation of the varistor state.For the analysis,temperature rise tests were performed in a 69-kV ceramic-housed arrester to measure material emissivity and produce data to fit the simulated response.Furthermore,the thermal response of the surge arresters subject to an impulsive energy input was evaluated.The simulations allow to relate varistors temperature and housing temperature with regard to a specified amount of dissipated power.The obtained results show that the used technique can be an effective method for arrester monitoring and may allow to define assessing criteria for a porcelain-housed arrester based on housing temperature measurements. | Arthur F.Andrade Edson G.Costa Josué M.B.Fernandes Helem M.M.Alves Cícero R.C.Amorim Filho | 2019 | High Voltage2019，4，3： | 2 |
| 17 | Radiation-initiated graft copolymerization of binary monomer mixtures containing acrylontrile with cotton cellulose显示文摘 | HARRIS J A ARTHUR J C | 1970 | J Appl Polym Sci1970，14，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Multipotential human adipose-derived stromal stem cells exhibit a perivascular phenotype in vitro and in vivo显示文摘 | ZANNETTINO A C PATON S ARTHUR A | 2008 | J Cell Physiol2008，214，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Solid phase microextraction with thermal desorption using fused silica optical fibers 显示文摘 | Pawliszyn J Arthur C L | 1990 | Anal Chem1990，62，： | 1 |
| 20 | Magnetic manipulation of copper-tin nanowires capped with nickel ends显示文摘 | ANNE K B JEREMY S T ARTHUR B E WENDY C C | 2004 | Nano Letters2004，4，3： | 1 |
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