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| 1 | 第 7 肺癌症 TNM 分类和阶段系统: 变化和含意的评论显示文摘 Lung cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer in males,accounting for more than 1.4 million deaths in 2008.It is a growing concern in China,Asia and Africa as well.Accurate staging of the disease is an important part of the management as it provides estimation of patient’s prognosis and identifies treatment sterategies.It also helps to build a database for future staging projects.A major revision of lung cancer staging has been announced with effect from January 2010.The new classification is based on a larger surgical and non-surgical cohort of patients,and thus more accurate in terms of outcome prediction compared to the previous classification.There are several original papers regarding this new classification which give comprehensive description of the methodology,the changes in the staging and the statistical analysis.This overview is a simplified description of the changes in the new classification and their potential impact on patients’ treatment and prognosis. | Saeed Mirsadraee Dilip Oswal Yalda Alizadeh Andrea Caulo Edwin JR van Beek | 2012 | World Journal of Radiology2012，4，4： | 15 |
| 2 | Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in diabetes:Pathophysiology,clinical assessment and implications显示文摘Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy(CAN)is a debilitating condition that mainly occurs in long-standing type 2 diabetes patients but can manifest earlier,even before diabetes is diagnosed.CAN is a microvascular complication that results from lesions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers,which innervate the heart and blood vessels and promote alterations in cardiovascular autonomic control.The entire mechanism is still not elucidated,but several aspects of the pathophysiology of CAN have already been described,such as the production of advanced glycation end products,reactive oxygen species,nuclear factor kappa B,and pro-inflammatory cytokines.This microvascular complication is an important risk factor for silent myocardial ischemia,chronic kidney disease,myocardial dysfunction,major cardiovascular events,cardiac arrhythmias,and sudden death.It has also been suggested that,compared to other traditional cardiovascular risk factors,CAN progression may have a greater impact on cardiovascular disease development.However,CAN might be subclinical for several years,and a late diagnosis increases the mortality risk.The duration of the transition period from the subclinical to clinical stage remains unknown,but the progression of CAN is associated with a poor prognosis.Several tests can be used for CAN diagnosis,such as heart rate variability(HRV),cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests,and myocardial scintigraphy.Currently,it has already been described that CAN could be detected even during the subclinical stage through a reduction in HRV,which is a non-invasive test with a lower operating cost.Therefore,considering that diabetes mellitus is a global epidemic and that diabetic neuropathy is the most common chronic complication of diabetes,the early identification and treatment of CAN could be a key point to mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with this long-lasting condition. | Alice Duque Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano Andrea De Lorenzo Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Jr | 2021 | World Journal of Diabetes2021，12，6： | 14 |
| 3 | Direct laser writing of volumetric gradient index lenses and waveguides显示文摘Direct laser writing(DLW)has been shown to render 3D polymeric optical components,including lenses,beam expanders,and mirrors,with submicrometer precision.However,these printed structures are limited to the refractive index and dispersive properties of the photopolymer.Here,we present the subsurface controllable refractive index via beam exposure(SCRIBE)method,a lithographic approach that enables the tuning of the refractive index over a range of greater than 0.3 by performing DLW inside photoresist-filled nanoporous silicon and silica scaffolds.Adjusting the laser exposure during printing enables 3D submicron control of the polymer infilling and thus the refractive index and chromatic dispersion.Combining SCRIBE’s unprecedented index range and 3D writing accuracy has realized the world’s smallest(15μm diameter)spherical Luneburg lens operating at visible wavelengths.SCRIBE’s ability to tune the chromatic dispersion alongside the refractive index was leveraged to render achromatic doublets in a single printing step,eliminating the need for multiple photoresins and writing sequences.SCRIBE also has the potential to form multicomponent optics by cascading optical elements within a scaffold.As a demonstration,stacked focusing structures that generate photonic nanojets were fabricated inside porous silicon.Finally,an all-pass ring resonator was coupled to a subsurface 3D waveguide.The measured quality factor of 4600 at 1550 nm suggests the possibility of compact photonic systems with optical interconnects that traverse multiple planes.SCRIBE is uniquely suited for constructing such photonic integrated circuits due to its ability to integrate multiple optical components,including lenses and waveguides,without additional printed supports. | Christian R.Ocier Corey A.Richards Daniel A.Bacon-Brown Qing Ding Raman Kumar Tanner J.Garcia Jorik van de Groep Jung-Hwan Song Austin J.Cyphersmith Andrew Rhode Andrea N.Perry Alexander J.Littlefield Jinlong Zhu Dajie Xie Haibo Gao Jonah F.Messinger Mark L.Brongersma Kimani C.Toussaint Jr Lynford L.Goddard Paul V.Braun | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 6 |
| 4 | Surgical stress and cytoskeletal changes in lens epithelial cells following manual and femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy显示文摘AIM:To study the effect of mechanical stress on the cytoskeleton in lens epithelial cells following conventional phacoemulsification surgery(CPS)and femtosecond laserassisted cataract surgery(FLACS).METHODS:The cytoskeleton of the epithelial cells of the anterior lens capsules(ALC)removed by CPS and FLACS was examined by immunohistochemistry.Expression of the intermediate filament,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),and glutamine synthetase(GS)immunoreactivity were detected.In order to map the actin network of cells,fluorescently labeled phalloidin was used.The samples were examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy.RESULTS:GFAP expression was visible in a larger number of the epithelial cells after CPS compared to FLACS.In CPS sample’s epithelial cells,GFAP immunoreactivity indicated robust morphological change.Regarding the actin filaments,the presence of tubular elements connecting epithelial cells,regular actin pattern and marked cortical network after CPS were found.Following FLACS,the actin cytoskeleton of the epithelial cells remained densely structured,and the tubular elements were undetectable,however,the above-mentioned regular actin pattern and the marked cortical network were visible.CONCLUSION:The conventional removal of the ALC induces more robust changes of the cytoskeleton of the lens epithelial cells. | ANDrea Krisztina Sükosd Krisztina Szabadfi Edina Szabó-Meleg Beáta Gáspár Pavel Stodulka Gyorgy SétálóJr Róbert Gábriel Miklós Nyitrai Zsolt Biró Hajnalka Abrahám | 2020 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2020，13，6： | 2 |
| 5 | Regulation of interferon production and innate antiviral immunity through translational control of IRF-7显示文摘 | Andrea K Erickson Michael Gale Jr | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Cicatrical cecal volvulus following laparoscopic cholecystectomy 显示文摘 | Michael W Morris JR Andrea K Barker | 2013 | JSLS:Joumal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Sur- geons2013，17，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Cell death and survival following manual and femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy in age-related cataract显示文摘AIM: To study molecular and morphological changes in lens epithelial cells following femtosecond laser-assisted and manually performed continuous curvilinear capsulotomy(CCC) in order to get information about these methods regarding their potential role in the induction of development of secondary cataract. METHODS: Anterior lens capsules(ALC) were removed from 40 patients with age-related cataract by manual CCC and by femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy(FLAC). Samples removed by manual CCC were assorted in group 1, FLAC samples were classified in group 2. Morphology of lens epithelial cells was examined with light and electron microscopes. Following capsulotomy, expressions of p53, Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 genes were analyzed with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the pro-apoptotic p53 in the epithelial cells. RESULTS: Light and electron microscopic examination showed that ALC of group 1 contained more degenerating cells following manual CCC than after FLAC. The expression level of p53 was higher after manual than laser-assisted surgery. Immunocytochemistry indicated significantly higher number of cells containing p53 protein in the manual CCC group than following FLAC. Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 gene expression levels were slightly lower following manual CCC than after FLAC, but the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: Manually removed ALC shows slightly, but not significantly larger damage due to the mechanical stretching and pulling of the capsule than those removed using FLAC. | Andrea Krisztina Siikosd Judit Rapp Diatna Feller Gyorgy Setalo Jr Beata Gaspar Judit E.Pongracz Hajnalka Abraham Zsolt Biro | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，9： | 1 |
| 8 | The pains of endometriosis显示文摘 | Karen JB Andrea JR Raymond EP | 2005 | Science2005，308，5728： | 1 |
| 9 | Radio frequency radiation of millimeter wave length: potential occupational safety issues relating to surface heating显示文摘 | Ryan KL D'Andrea JA Jauchem JR | 2000 | Health Phys2000，78，： | 1 |
| 10 | The pains of endometriosis显示文摘 | Karen JB Andrea JR Raymond EP | 2005 | Science2005，308，： | 1 |
| 11 | Cobalt extraction and cobalt-nickel separation from a simulated industrial leaching liquor by liquid surfactant membranes using Cyanex 302 as carrier显示文摘 | ANDREA O S Costa Iluska P B Lopes | 2004 | Journal of membrane science2004，，241： | 1 |
| 12 | Proapoptotic BAX and BAK: A requisite gateway to mitochondrial dysfunction and death 显示文摘 | Zong WX Andrea JR | 2001 | Science2001，292，： | 1 |
| 13 | Radio frequency radiation of millimeter wave length- potential occupational safety issues relating to surface heating 显示文摘 | Ryan KL D' Andrea JA Jauchem JR | 2000 | Health Phys2000，78，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Successful treatment of guillain barre syndrome with combined administration of interferon-β-1a and intravenous immunoglobulin显示文摘 | Bernhard S Alexander JR Andreas JS | 2001 | Eur Neurol2001，46，： | 1 |
| 15 | Exercise and pharmacological countermeasure for bone loss during long-duration space flight 显示文摘 | Peter RC Angelo A Andrea JR | 2005 | Gravitational and Space Biology2005，18，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Exercise and pharmacological countermeasure for bone loss during long-duration space flight 显示文摘 | Peter RC Angelo A Andrea JR | 2005 | Gravitational and Space Biology2005，18，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Chronic Subclinical Inflammation as Part of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome:The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study(IRAS)显示文摘 | RALPH D'A Jr GEORGE H | 2000 | Circulation2000，102，： | 1 |
| 18 | Chronic Subclinical Inflammation as Part of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) 显示文摘 | Andreas Festa Ralph D'Agostino Jr George Howard ET al | 2000 | Circulation2000，102，： | 1 |
| 19 | The pains of endometriosis显示文摘 | Karen JB Andrea JR Raymond EP | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Radio frequency radiation of millimeter wave length: potential occupational safety issues relating to surface heating 显示文摘 | Ryan KL D'Andrea JA Jauchem JR | 2000 | Health Phys2000，78，2： | 1 |
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