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| 1 | Interferon-β induced in female genital epithelium by HIV-1 glycoprotein 120 via Toll-like-receptor 2 pathway acts to protect the mucosal barrier显示文摘More than 40%of HIV infections occur via female reproductive tract(FRT)through heterosexual transmission.Epithelial cells that line the female genital mucosa are the first line of defense against HIV-1 and other sexually transmitted pathogens.These sentient cells recognize and respond to external stimuli by induction of a range of carefully balanced innate immune responses.Previously,we have shown that in response to HIV-1 gp120,the genital epithelial cells(GECs)from upper reproductive tract induce an inflammatory response that may facilitate HIV-1 translocation and infection.In this study,we report that the endometrial and endocervical GECs simultaneously induce biologically active interferon-β(IFNβ)antiviral responses following exposure to HIV-1 that act to protect the epithelial tight junction barrier.The innate antiviral response was directly induced by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 and addition of gp120 neutralizing antibody inhibited IFNβproduction.Interferon-βwas induced by gp120 in upper GECs through Toll-like receptor 2 signaling and required presence of heparan sulfate on epithelial cell surface.The induction of IFNβwas dependent upon activation of transcription factor IRF3(interferon regulatory factor 3).The IFNβwas biologically active,had a protective effect on epithelial tight junction barrier and was able to inhibit HIV-1 infection in TZM-bl indicator cells and HIV-1 replication in T cells.This is the first report that recognition of HIV-1 by upper GECs leads to induction of innate antiviral pathways.This could explain the overall low infectivity of HIV-1 in the FRT and could be exploited for HIV-1 prophylaxis. | Aisha Nazli Sara Dizzell Muhammad Atif Zahoor Victor H Ferreira Jessica Kafka Matthew William Woods Michel Ouellet Ali A Ashkar Michel J Tremblay Dawn ME Bowdish Charu Kaushic | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，2： | 2 |
| 2 | Knowledge,attitudes and practices related to cystic echinococcosis endemicity in Pakistan显示文摘Background:Cystic echinococcosis(CE)is a human and animal health problem in many endemic areas worldwide.It is considered a neglected zoonotic disease caused by the larval form(hydatid cyst)of Echinococcus spp.tapeworm.There are limited studies on echinococcosis in Pakistan.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted to find out recent knowledge,attitudes and practices on the occurrence of cystic echinococcosis in butchers and dog owners in both urban and rural areas of Rawalpindi/Islamabad regions,Pakistan.The quantitative data was collected in the form of questionnaires to investigate the knowledge and awareness of CE among community members and their routine practices that were behind the factors involved in hydatid cyst infection.The practices and infrastructure of abattoirs/butcher shops and their role in transmission of cystic echinococcosis were also evaluated in the present study.Results:The participants involved in the study were dog owners and people who kept animals.A total of 400 people were interviewed and 289 questionnaires were received.The results showed that only 4.1%of people have heard about the disease,and 58.1%were closely associated with dogs.Sixty-three percent of dogs in study area were consuming uncooked organs(e.g.liver,lung,etc.)of slaughtered animals,while 100%of dogs at butcher shops were consuming uncooked organs.Home slaughtering was common in 20.06%.Among butchers,32.3%had heard about zoonoses and 7.61%knew about CE.The statistical analysis showed that there was highly significant difference(P<0.05)among most of the practices that were associated with the prevalence of CE.Conclusions:It was concluded from the present study that,the knowledge and awareness of CE among people of Rawalpindi/Islamabad were low.Because of dogs and poor knowledge of CE among community members and butchers,the transmission of echinococcosis is facilitated.Therefore,there is urgent need to strengthen awareness and health education among people,as well as proper practices related to the CE not only in the study area,but also in other areas of Pakistan. | Aisha Khan Kashf Naz Haroon Ahmed Sami Simsek Muhammad Sohail Afzal Waseem Haider Sheikh Saeed Ahmad Sumaira Farrakh Wu Weiping Guan Yayi | 2018 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2018，7，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Privacy Protection with Dynamic Pseudonym-Based Multiple Mix-Zones Over Road Networks显示文摘In this research we proposed a strategy for location privacy protection which addresses the issues related with existing location privacy protection techniques. Mix-Zones and pseudonyms are considered as the basic building blocks for location privacy; however, continuously changing pseudonyms process at multiple locations can enhance user privacy. It has been revealed that changing pseudonym at improper time and location may threat to user's privacy. Moreover, certain methods related to pseudonym change have been proposed to attain desirable location privacy and most of these solutions are based upon velocity, GPS position and direction of angle. We analyzed existing methods related to location privacy with mix zones, such as RPCLP, EPCS and MODP, where it has been observed that these methods are not adequate to attain desired level of location privacy and suffered from large number of pseudonym changes. By analyzing limitations of existing methods, we proposed Dynamic Pseudonym based multiple mix zone(DPMM) technique, which ensures highest level of accuracy and privacy. We simulate our data by using SUMO application and analysis results has revealed that DPMM outperformed existing pseudonym change techniques and achieved better results in terms of acquiring high privacy with small number of pseudonym change. | Qasim Ali Arain Zhongliang Deng Imran memon Asma Zubedi Jichao Jiao Aisha Ashraf Muhammad Saad Khan | 2017 | China Communications2017，14，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Effect of high temperature on grain filling period, yield, amylose content and activity of starch biosynthesis enzymes in endosperm of basmati rice显示文摘 | Nisar Ahmed Ian J Tetlow Sehar Nawaz Ahsan Iqbal Muhammad Mubin Muhammad Shah Nawaz ul Rehman Aisha Butt David A Lightfoot Masahiko Maekawa | 2015 | Food Agric2015，，11： | 1 |
| 5 | Regulation in Plant Stress Tolerance by a Potential Plant Growth Regulator, 5-Aminolevulinic Acid显示文摘 | Nudrat Aisha Akram Muhammad Ashraf | 2013 | Journal of Plant Growth Regulation2013，，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Appraisal of Improvement in Physiological and Metabolic Processes by Exogenously Applied Natural and Synthetic Ascorbic Acid in Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.)Fruit Subjected to Water Deficit Stress显示文摘To counteract the effects of drought stress,scientists have adopted several approaches including the use of different chemicals both inorganic and organic,which is contemplated as a highly efficient and cost-effective shot-gun approach.Ascorbic acid(AsA)is a potential organic substance,which widely occurs in plants,and is considered to be an effective antioxidant to counteract reactive oxygen species(ROS).Thus,a pot experiment was performed to assess the relative mitigating impacts of synthetic AsA and naturally occurring AsA in the form of lemon juice(LJ)and orange juice(OJ)on two cultivars of okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.)namely Sabz Pari and Bhindi Sanwali under varying water deficit conditions.After 30 days of seed germination,okra seedlings were subjected to different irrigation regimes,i.e.,water deficit stress[(65%and 50%F.C.)and control conditions(100%F.C.)].Different levels of AsA[control(no spray),14 mg L^(−1)LJ,24 mg L^(−1)OJ and 150 mg L^(−1)AsA]obtained from different sources were applied as a foliar spray to control and water-stressed plants.Drought stress prominently reduced plant growth and yield attributes of the okra cultivars.Water-deficit conditions(65%and 50%F.C.)substantially decreased the fruit chlorophyll(a,b)pigments and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)enzyme,while an increase was observed in the contents of fruit’s hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),malondialdehyde(MDA),total phenolics,total soluble sugars,AsA,and total soluble proteins.Drought stress also increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes like peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT).However,plant growth and yield attributes,fruit chlorophyll pigments,total phenolics,total soluble sugars,total free amino acids,total soluble proteins,AsA,GB,H_(2)O_(2),and the activities of antioxidant enzymes(POD and CAT)were increased by the AsA exogenous treatment in both okra cultivars under water deficit and control conditions.Overall,LJ and OJ were more effective than the synthetic AsA in upregulating the physiological and metabolic processes of okra plants.So,cost-effective as well as multi-nutrient natural sources of AsA could be suggested for alleviating the harmful effects of water deficit stress on plants. | Muhammad Younis Nudrat Aisha Akram Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef Muhammad Ashraf | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，10： | 0 |
| 7 | Novel Algorithm for Mobile Robot Path Planning in Constrained Environment显示文摘This paper presents a development of a novel path planning algorithm, called Generalized Laser simulator (GLS), for solving the mobilerobot path planning problem in a two-dimensional map with the presence ofconstraints. This approach gives the possibility to find the path for a wheelmobile robot considering some constraints during the robot movement inboth known and unknown environments. The feasible path is determinedbetween the start and goal positions by generating wave of points in alldirection towards the goal point with adhering to constraints. In simulation,the proposed method has been tested in several working environments withdifferent degrees of complexity. The results demonstrated that the proposedmethod is able to generate efficiently an optimal collision-free path. Moreover,the performance of the proposed method was compared with the A-star andlaser simulator (LS) algorithms in terms of path length, computational timeand path smoothness. The results revealed that the proposed method hasshortest path length, less computational time and the best smooth path. Asan average, GLS is faster than A∗ and LS by 7.8 and 5.5 times, respectivelyand presents a path shorter than A∗ and LS by 1.2 and 1.5 times. In orderto verify the performance of the developed method in dealing with constraints, an experimental study was carried out using a Wheeled Mobile Robot(WMR) platform in labs and roads. The experimental work investigates acomplete autonomous WMR path planning in the lab and road environmentsusing a live video streaming. Local maps were built using data from a live video streaming with real-time image processing to detect segments of theanalogous-road in lab or real-road environments. The study shows that theproposed method is able to generate shortest path and best smooth trajectoryfrom start to goal points in comparison with laser simulator. | Aisha Muhammad Mohammed A.H.Ali Sherzod Turaev Ibrahim Haruna Shanono Fadhl Hujainah Mohd Nashrul Mohd Zubir Muhammad Khairi Faiz Erma Rahayu Mohd Faizal Rawad Abdulghafor | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，5： | 0 |
| 8 | Clinical relevance of circulating non-coding RNAs in metabolic diseases:Emphasis on obesity,diabetes,cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome显示文摘Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)participate in the regulation of several cellular processes including transcription,RNA processing and genome rearrangement.The aberrant expression of ncRNAs is associated with several pathological conditions.In this review,we focused on recent information to elucidate the role of various regulatory ncRNAs i.e.,micro RNAs(miRNAs),circular RNAs(circRNAs)and long-chain non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),in metabolic diseases,e.g.,obesity,diabetes mellitus(DM),cardiovascular diseases(CVD)and metabolic syndrome(MetS).The mechanisms by which ncRNAs participated in disease pathophysiology were also highlighted.miRNAs regulate the expression of genes at transcriptional and translational levels.circRNAs modulate the regulation of gene expression via miRNA sponging activity,interacting with RNA binding protein and polymerase II transcription regulation.lncRNAs regulate the expression of genes by acting as a protein decoy,miRNA sponging,miRNA host gene,binding to miRNA response elements(MRE)and the recruitment of transcriptional element or chromatin modifiers.We examined the role of ncRNAs in the disease pathogenesis and their potential role as molecular markers for diagnosis,prognosis and therapeutic targets.We showed the involvement of ncRNAs in the onset of obesity and its progression to MetS and CVD.miRNA-192,miRNA-122,and miRNA-221 were dysregulated in all these metabolic diseases.Other ncRNAs,implicated in at least three diseases include miRNA-15a,miRNA-26,miRNA-27a,miRNA-320,and miRNA-375.Dysregulation of ncRNAs increased the risk of development of DM and MetS and its progression to CVD in obese individuals.Hence,these molecules are potential targets to arrest or delay the progression of metabolic diseases. | Abdullahi Dandare Muhammad Jawad Khan Aisha Naeem Afrose Liaquat | 2023 | Genes & Diseases2023，10，6： | 0 |
| 9 | Strong interfacial charge transfer between hausmannite manganese oxide and alumina for efficient photocatalysis显示文摘Well crystalline manganese oxide(Mn_(3)O_(4))nanoparticles anchored on gamma alumina(γ-Al_(2)O_(3))have been successfully tailored via a proficient and cost effective chemical process as an efficient material for photo catalysis.XRD indicated the composite formation ofγ-Al_(2)O_(3) and hausmannite structure of Mn_(3)O_(4).SEM and TEM revealed that hetero structure of Mn_(3)O_(4)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3) exhibits an amalgam of aggregated nanoparticles and nanorods.XPS demonstrated the chemical states of binary nanocomposite.The band gap tuning has been performed withγ-Al_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles by assimilating hausmannite Mn_(3)O_(4) particles into flower like microstructure of Al_(2)O_(3).The photoluminescence spectra affirmed the enhancement in charge separation in Mn_(3)O_(4)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3) binary hybrid photocatalyst.The band gap becomes narrow with the increase in concentrations of Mn_(3)O_(4).The narrowing of band gap is concorded with crystalline domains of primary aggregated particles.To elucidate the mechanism of the photocatalytic activity linear sweep voltammetry was performed.The results showed that Mn_(3)O_(4)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3) nanocomposite revealed the enhancement in current density as compared to pureγ-Al_(2)O_(3) which confirmed the electron transfer from Mn_(3)O_(4) toγ-Al_(2)O_(3) through the interfacial potential gradient in conduction bands.The optimum concentration of 6.0%Mn_(3)O_(4)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3) for hybrid structure showed an excellent photocatalytic activity under visible light due to narrow band gap energy.High degree distribution of Mn_(3)O_(4) nano architects overlying onγ-Al_(2)O_(3) induces a significant synergic effect betweenγ-Al_(2)O_(3) and hausmannite phase of manganese oxide(Mn_(3)O_(4)).This strong interfacial contact betweenγ-Al_(2)O_(3) and Mn_(3)O_(4) endures the quick transfer of photo generated charge carriers across interface. | Aisha Kanwal Shamaila Sajjad Sajjad Ahmed Khan Leghari Muhammad Naeem Khan | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2021，34，5： | 0 |
| 10 | Rhizosphere microbiomes can regulate plant drought tolerance显示文摘Beneficial root-associated rhizospheric microbes play a key role in maintaining host plant growth and can potentially allow drought-resilient crop production. The complex interaction of root-associated microbes mainly depends on soil type, plant genotype, and soil moisture. However, drought is the most devastating environmental stress that strongly reduces soil biota and can restrict plant growth and yield. In this review, we discussed our mechanistic understanding of drought and microbial response traits. Additionally, we highlighted the role of beneficial microbes and plant-derived metabolites in alleviating drought stress and improving crop growth. We proposed that future research might focus on evaluating the dynamics of root-beneficial microbes under field drought conditions. The integrative use of ecology, microbial, and molecular approaches may serve as a promising strategy to produce more drought-resilient and sustainable crops. | Mehtab Muhammad ASLAM Eyalira JOKAL Aisha Lawan IDRIS Zhang QIAN Weifeng XU Joseph K.KARANJA Shabir HWANI Wei YUAN | 2022 | Pedosphere2022，32，1： | 0 |
| 11 | Entropies of the Y-Junction Type Nanostructures显示文摘Recent research on nanostructures has demonstrated their importance and application in a variety of fields.Nanostructures are used directly or indirectly in drug delivery systems,medicine and pharmaceuticals,biological sensors,photodetectors,transistors,optical and electronic devices,and so on.The discovery of carbon nanotubes with Y-shaped junctions is motivated by the development of future advanced electronic devices.Because of their interactionwithY-junctions,electronic switches,amplifiers,and three-terminal transistors are of particular interest.Entropy is a concept that determines the uncertainty of a system or network.Entropy concepts are also used in biology,chemistry,and applied mathematics.Based on the requirements,entropy in the form of a graph can be classified into several types.In 1955,graph-based entropy was introduced.One of the types of entropy is edgeweighted entropy.We examined the abstract form of Y-shaped junctions in this study.Some edge-weight-based entropy formulas for the generic view of Y-shaped junctions were created,and some edge-weighted and topological index-based concepts for Y-shaped junctions were discussed in the present paper. | Ricai Luo Aisha Javed Muhammad Azeem Muhammad Kamran Jamil Hassan Raza Muhammad Yasir Ilyas | 2023 | Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences2023，，6： | 0 |
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