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| 1 | Interferon-β induced in female genital epithelium by HIV-1 glycoprotein 120 via Toll-like-receptor 2 pathway acts to protect the mucosal barrier显示文摘More than 40%of HIV infections occur via female reproductive tract(FRT)through heterosexual transmission.Epithelial cells that line the female genital mucosa are the first line of defense against HIV-1 and other sexually transmitted pathogens.These sentient cells recognize and respond to external stimuli by induction of a range of carefully balanced innate immune responses.Previously,we have shown that in response to HIV-1 gp120,the genital epithelial cells(GECs)from upper reproductive tract induce an inflammatory response that may facilitate HIV-1 translocation and infection.In this study,we report that the endometrial and endocervical GECs simultaneously induce biologically active interferon-β(IFNβ)antiviral responses following exposure to HIV-1 that act to protect the epithelial tight junction barrier.The innate antiviral response was directly induced by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 and addition of gp120 neutralizing antibody inhibited IFNβproduction.Interferon-βwas induced by gp120 in upper GECs through Toll-like receptor 2 signaling and required presence of heparan sulfate on epithelial cell surface.The induction of IFNβwas dependent upon activation of transcription factor IRF3(interferon regulatory factor 3).The IFNβwas biologically active,had a protective effect on epithelial tight junction barrier and was able to inhibit HIV-1 infection in TZM-bl indicator cells and HIV-1 replication in T cells.This is the first report that recognition of HIV-1 by upper GECs leads to induction of innate antiviral pathways.This could explain the overall low infectivity of HIV-1 in the FRT and could be exploited for HIV-1 prophylaxis. | Aisha Nazli Sara Dizzell Muhammad Atif Zahoor Victor H Ferreira Jessica Kafka Matthew William Woods Michel Ouellet Ali A Ashkar Michel J Tremblay Dawn ME Bowdish Charu Kaushic | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，2： | 2 |
| 2 | Humanized mice are susceptible to Salmonella typhi infection显示文摘Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is a pathogen that only infects humans.Currently,there is no animal model for studying this pathogen.Recently,alymphoid RAG2^(-/-)/γc^(-/-) mice engrafted with human leukocytes,known as humanized mice,have been successfully utilized to develop experimental models for several human-specific viral infections,including HIV,human-like dengue fever and hepatitis C virus.Little is known about the usefulness and feasibility of the humanized mouse model for the study of human-specific bacterial pathogens,such as S.typhi.The aim of this study was to determine if Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi could establish productive infection in humanized mice.Here we report that intravenous inoculation of S.typhi into humanized mice,but not controls,established S.typhi infections.High bacterial loads were found in the liver,spleen,blood and bone marrow of mice reconstituted with human leukocytes,but not in the unreconstituted control mice.Importantly,S.typhi-infected humanized mice lost significant body weight,and some of the infected mice displayed neurological symptoms.Our data suggest,for the first time,that humanized mice are susceptible to S.typhi challenge and that this model can be utilized to study the pathogenesis of S.typhito develop novel therapeutic strategies. | M Firoz Mian Elisabeth A Pek Meghan J Chenoweth Ali A Ashkar | 2011 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2011，8，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Toll - like receptor 9, CpG DNA and innate immunity 显示文摘 | ASHKAR A A ROSENTHAL K L | | Curr Mol Med0，2，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Enrichment of Y Chromosome Bearing Bull Spermatozoa by Swim-up Through a Column显示文摘 | A Azizeddin FA Ashkar WA King | 2014 | Reprod Dom Anim2014，49，： | 1 |
| 5 | Decidual natural killer cells: key regulators of placental development (a review)显示文摘 | B.Anne Croy Sirirak Chantakru Souad Esadeg Ali A Ashkar Qingxia Wei | 2002 | Journal of Reproductive Immunology2002，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | A Interleukin-15 expression affects homeostasis and function of B cells through NK cell-derived interferon-gamma显示文摘 | GILL N PALTSER G ASHKAR A | 2009 | Cell Immunol2009，258，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Laser welding of everted enterotomies in rats显示文摘 | Farag A Nasr SE Ashkar MF | 1995 | Eur J Surg1995，161，： | 1 |
| 8 | Creation of functional kidney structures with excretion of kidney-like fluid in vivo显示文摘 | Yoo JJ Ashkar S Atala A | 1996 | Pediatrics1996，988，： | 1 |
| 9 | Toll-like receptor 9,CpG DNA and innate immunity显示文摘 | Ashkar A A Rosenthal K L | 2002 | Curr Mol Med2002，2，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Interferon gam- ma in successful pregnancies 显示文摘 | Murphy S P Tayade C Ashkar A A | 2009 | Biol Reprod2009，80，： | 1 |
| 11 | Infrared light scanning of the breast显示文摘 | LAFRENIERE R ASHKAR F S KETCHAM A S | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 12 | Stimulating natural killer cells to protect a- gainst cancer: Recent developments显示文摘 | Giilgrass A Ashkar A | 2011 | Expert Rev Clin Immu- nol2011，11，6： | 1 |
| 13 | HIV-1 gpl20 induces TLR2- and TLR4- mediated innate immune activation in human female genital epithelium显示文摘 | Nazli A Kafka J K Ferreira V H Anipindi V Muel- ler K Osborne B J Dizzell S Chauvin S Mian M F Ouellet M Tremblay M J Mossman K L Ashkar A A Kovacs C Bowdish D M Snider D P Kaul R Kaushic C | 2013 | J Immunol2013，191，8： | 1 |
| 14 | Infrared light scanning of the breast显示文摘 | Lafreniere R Ashkar F S Ketcham A S | 1986 | Am Surg1986，52，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Interleukin-15 and natural killer and NKT cells play a critical role in innate protection against genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection显示文摘 | ASHKAR A A ROSENTHAL K L | 2003 | J Virol2003，77，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Interferon-gamma contributes to the normalcy of murine pregnancy显示文摘 | Ashkar AA Croyb A | 1999 | Biol Reprod1999，61，2： | 1 |
| 17 | The effect of different fertilizers on the heavy metals in soil and tomato plant显示文摘 | Ramadan M A E Al Ashkar E A | 2007 | Austral Jan Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences2007，1，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Laser welding of everted enterotomies in rats显示文摘 | Farag A Nasr SE Ashkar MF | 1995 | Eur J Surg1995，161，： | 1 |
| 19 | Outbreak of tetanus in lambs显示文摘 | ASLANI M R BAZARGANI T T ASHKAR A A | 1998 | Veterinary Record1998，142，19： | 1 |
| 20 | Interferon-gamma contributes to the normalcy of murine pregnancy显示文摘 | ASHKAR A A CROY B A | 1999 | Biol Reprod1999，61，： | 1 |
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