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| 1 | Hepatitis B and C virus-induced hepatitis: Apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response显示文摘AIM: To investigate the co-incidence of apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response(UPR) in hepatitis B(HBV) and C(HCV) infected hepatocytes.METHODS: We performed immunofluorescence confocal microscopy on 10 liver biopsies from HBV and HCV patients and tissue microarrays of HBV positive liver samples. We used specific antibodies for LC3β, cleaved caspase-3, BIP(GRP78), and XBP1 to detect autophagy, apoptosis and UPR, respectively. AntiHCV NS3 and anti-HBs antibodies were also used to confirm infection. We performed triple blind counting of events to determine the co-incidence of autophagy(LC3β punctuate), apoptosis(cleaved caspase-3), and unfolded protein response(GRP78) with HBV and HCV infection in hepatocytes. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software for Windows(Version 16 SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, United States). P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Statistical analyses were performed with Mann-Whitney test to compare incidence rates for autophagy, apoptosis, and UPR in HBV- and HCV-infected cells and adjacent noninfected cells.RESULTS: Our results showed that infection of hepatocytes with either HBV and HCV induces significant increase(P < 0.001) in apoptosis(cleavage of caspase-3), autophagy(LC3β punctate), and UPR(increase in GRP78 expression) in the HCV- and HBVinfected cells, as compared to non-infected cells of the same biopsy sections. Our tissue microarray immunohistochemical expression analysis of LC3β in HBV^(Neg) and HBV^(Pos) revealed that majority of HBVinfected hepatocytes display strong positive stainingfor LC3β. Interestingly, although XBP splicing in HBVinfected cells was significantly higher(P < 0.05), our analyses show a slight increase of XBP splicing was in HCV-infected cells(P > 0.05). Furthermore, our evaluation of patients with HBV and HCV infection based on stage and grade of the liver diseases revealed no correlation between these pathological findings and induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and UPR.CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that HCV and HBV infection activates apoptosis, autophagy and UPR, but slightly differently by each virus. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the interconnections between these pathways in relation to pathology of HCV and HBV in the liver tissue. | Behzad Yeganeh Adel Rezaei Moghadam Javad Alizadeh Emilia Wiechec Seyed Moayed Alavian Mohammad Hashemi Bita Geramizadeh Afshin Samali Kamran Bagheri Lankarani Martin Post Payam Peymani Kevin M Coombs Saeid Ghavami | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，47： | 13 |
| 2 | Identification of Armillaria biological species in Iran 显示文摘 | Asef M R Goltapeh E M Alizadeh A | 2003 | Fungal Diversity(Kunming)2003，14，： | 1 |
| 3 | Effects of 2 education methods on the knowledge,attitude,and practice of women high school teachers in prevention of cervical cancer显示文摘 | Seydi S Alizadeh S M | 2004 | Cancer Nursing2004，27，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Optimizing sensorial quality of Iranian white brine cheese using response surface methodology显示文摘 | Alizadeh M | 2005 | Food Science2005，70，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Protectiveand therapeutic effects of Curcuma longapowder on theCCl4induced hepatic demage显示文摘 | Alizadeh M Fereidoni M Mahdavi N | 2006 | Fiziolozhi Va Farmakoloz-hi2006，9，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Exacerbation of Acanthamoeba keratitis in animals treated with anti-macrophage inflammatory protein 2 or antineutrophil antibodies显示文摘 | Hurt M Apte S Leher H Howard K Niederkorn J Alizadeh H | 2001 | Infect Immun2001，69，： | 1 |
| 7 | Therapeutic antibody targeting of CD47 eliminates human acute lymphoblastic leukemia 显示文摘 | Chao MP Alizadeh AA Tang C Jan M Weissman-Tsukamoto R Zhao F | 2011 | Cancer Res2011，71，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Finite-time synchronization of two difference chaotic systems with unknown parameters via sliding mode technique显示文摘 | Aghababa M P Khanmohammadi S Alizadeh G | 2011 | Appl Math Model2011，35，： | 1 |
| 9 | Nonlinear H∞controller for flexible joint robots with using feedback linearization显示文摘 | Akbari M Alizadeh G Khanmohammadi S | 2011 | International Journal of Engineering Science2011，3，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Can intracoronary stem cell injection permanently improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction? 显示文摘 | Abbasi M Javan H Alizadeh B | 2011 | Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery2011，12，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling显示文摘 | Alizadeh A A Eisen M B Davis R E | 2000 | Nature2000，403，6769： | 1 |
| 12 | Dynamics of h:e Nucleation on Water Repellent Surfaces 显示文摘 | ALIZADEH A YAMADA M LI R el al | 2012 | l angmuir2012，28，： | 1 |
| 13 | Investiga- tion of grain refinement in A1/A1203/B4C nano-composite produced by ARB 显示文摘 | Akbari Beni H Alizadeh M Ghaffari M | 2014 | Composites Part B: Engineering2014，58，： | 1 |
| 14 | Synthesis, structure, and characterization of a new sandwich type arsenotungstocerate, ^12-显示文摘 | Alizadeh M H Eshtiagh-Hosseini H Khoshnavazi R | 2004 | J Mole Struct2004，688，： | 1 |
| 15 | Seaso-nality patterns in tanker spot freight rate markets 显示文摘 | KAVUSSANOS M G ALIZADEH A H | 2002 | Economic Modelling2002，19，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Range-based estimation of stochastic volatility models显示文摘 | Alizadeh S Brandt M W Diebold F X | 2002 | The Journal of Finance2002，57，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Distinct types of dif- fuse large B cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling 显示文摘 | Alizadeh A A Eisen M B Davis R E | 2000 | Nature2000，403，6769： | 1 |
| 18 | Genetic diversity of Fusarium proliferatum popula- tions from maize, onion, rice and sugarcane in Iran based on vege- tative compatibility grouping显示文摘 | ALIZADEH A NIKKHAH M J FOTOUHIFAR K B MOTLAGH E R RAHJOO V | 2010 | The Plant Pathology Journal2010，26，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Tf20 as a rapid and efficientpromoter for the dehydrative Friedel-Crafls acylation of aromaticcompounds with carboxylic acids显示文摘 | Khodaei M M Alizadeh A Nazari E | 2007 | Tetrahedron Letters2007，48，： | 1 |
| 20 | New analytical model for local heat flux density in the mold in continuous casting of steel显示文摘 | ALIZADEH M JAHROMI A J ABOUALI O | 2008 | Computational Materials Science2008，34，5： | 1 |
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