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| 1 | Genotypic Characterization of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Pigs and Retail Foods in China显示文摘Objective To investigate the genotypic diversity of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) isolated from pigs and retail foods from different geographical areas in China and further to study the routes and rates of transmission of this pathogen from animals to food. Methods Seventy-one MRSA isolates were obtained from pigs and retail foods and then characterized by multi-locus sequencing typing(MLST), spa typing, multiple-locus variable number of tandem repeat analysis(MLVA), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE), and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results All isolated MRSA exhibited multi-drug resistance(MDR). Greater diversity was found in food-associated MRSA(7 STs, 8 spa types, and 10 MLVA patterns) compared to pig-associated MRSA(3 STs, 1 spa type, and 6 MLVA patterns). PFGE patterns were more diverse for pig-associated MRSA than those of food-associated isolates(40 vs. 11 pulse types). Among the pig-associated isolates, CC9-ST9-t899-MC2236 was the most prevalent clone(96.4%), and CC9-ST9-t437-MC621(20.0%) was the predominant clone among the food-associated isolates. The CC9-ST9 isolates showed significantly higher antimicrobial resistance than other clones. Interestingly, CC398-ST398-t034 clone was identified from both pig-and food-associated isolates. Of note, some community-and hospital-associated MRSA strains(t030, t172, t1244, and t4549) were also identified as food-associated isolates. Conclusion CC9-ST9-t899-MC2236-MDR was the most predominant clone in pigs, but significant genetic diversity was observed in food-associated MRSA. Our results demonstrate the great need for improved surveillance of MRSA in livestock and food and effective prevention strategies to limit MDR-MRSA infections in China. | WANG Wei LIU Feng ZULQARNAIN Baloch ZHANG Cun Shan MA Ke PENG Zi Xin YAN Shao Fei HU Yu Jie GAN Xin DONG Yin Ping BAI Yao LI Feng Qin YAN Xiao Mei MA Ai Guo XU Jin | 2017 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2017，30，8： | 13 |
| 2 | Antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and non-typhoidal Salmonella strains isolated from infections in Southwest China显示文摘Background:Bacterial diarrhea is one of the most common causes for medical consultations,mortality and morbidity in the world.Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli(DEC)and non-typhoidal Salmonella(NTS)are major intestinal pathogens in developing countries,and the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has greatly contributed to resistant strains.Hence,the aim of the present study is to identify the antimicrobial resistance patterns and the molecular characteristics of DEC and NTS in southwest,China.Methods:1121 diarrheal patients and 319 non-diarrheal subjects across all age groups were recruited from four sentinel hospitals from June 2014 to July 2015 in Kunming City,Yunnan Province.Each stool specimen was collected to detect DEC and NTS with standard microbiological and molecular methods.Antimicrobial resistance testing was performed with the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method,and the standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing complied with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI).Molecular characterization of strains was carried out using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE).A structured questionnaire was used to record basic epidemiological data(e.g.sex,age,residence,season,etc.).Data were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test.Results:DEC was detected in 127(11.33%)diarrhea cases and 9(2.82%)non-diarrheal cases(χ^(2)=20.69,P<0.001,OR=4.36,95%CI:2.19-8.65),and the prevalence of NTS isolated from diarrhea cases was higher than that of non-diarrheal cases across all age groups(n=42,3.75%,n=1,0.31%,χ^(2)=10.10,P=0.002,OR=12.38,95%CI:1.70-90.29).The rates of resistance to ten antibiotics of DEC and NTS showed significant differences(χ^(2)=386.77,P<0.001;χ^(2)=191.16,P<0.001).The rates of resistance to Amoxicillin and Clavulafiate(AMC),Cephalothin(CEP),Gentamicin(GEN)and Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim(SXT)of DEC isolated from diarrhea cases were higher than those of NTS isolated from diarrhea patients(37.01%vs 14.29%,χ^(2)=7.57,P=0.006;29.92%vs 11.90%,χ^(2)=5.40,P=0.02;37.01%vs 11.90%,χ^(2)=5.80,P=0.016;62.20%vs 26.19%,χ^(2)=16.44,P<0.001;respectively).Ciprofloxacin(CIP)was the most sensitive antibiotic for DEC and NTS strains isolated from diarrhea cases.Resistance rates of DEC isolates from cases and controls to more than three kinds antimicrobials(multidrug resistance,MDR)showed no significant differences(81.10%vs 88.89%,P=0.33).Pulsotype patterns of DEC strains were highly diverse;however,the pulsotype pattern of NTS strains was closely related to the serotype.The pattern of S.enteritidis was highly similar,but the S.enterica Typhimurium strain was discrete.Conclusions:Antibiotic resistance of Enterobacteriaceae is of great concern.The societal effects of antibiotic use justify strict monitoring to combat increases in antimicrobial resistance.Molecular epidemiology and systematic epidemiological investigation can provide accurate evidence for tracking the infection source. | Shun-Xian Zhang Yong-Ming Zhou Li-Guang Tian Jia-Xu Chen Rita Tinoco-Torres Emmanuel Serrano Shi-Zhu Li Shao-Hong Chen Lin Ai Jun-Hu Chen Shang Xia Yan Lu Shan Lv Xue-Jiao Teng Wen Xu Wen-Peng Gu Si-Tang Gong Xiao-Nong Zhou Lan-Lan Geng Wei Hu | 2018 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2018，7，1： | 7 |
| 3 | 4-1BB (CD137) Ligand Enhanced Anti-Tumor Immune Response against Mouse Forestomach Carcinoma In Vivo显示文摘Cancer occurrence and development has been demonstrated to be associated with escape from immune surveillance, and low costimulatory molecules expression has been considered as one of the important reasons for cancer evading the immune system. 4-1BB (CD137) is a costimulatory molecule expressed on the surface of activated T cells. Interaction of 4-1BB with its natural ligand (4-1BBL) expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs) has been shown to amplify T-cell mediated immunity. We therefore examined whether murine cancer cells expressing 4-1BBL could produce anti-tumor effects in inoculated mice. Mouse forestomach carcinoma (MFC) cells were transfected with 4-1BBL gene (MFC/4-1BBL). The proliferation of the transduced cells in vitro was not different from that of parental cells. However, MFC/4-1BBL cells developed small tumors and induced higher cytotoxicity of tumor infiltration lymphocyte (TIL). Production of cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2) in serum and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity of splenocytes from mice immunized with mitomycin C (MMC)-treated MFC/4-1BBL cells were significantly higher than that from mice immunized with MMC-treated parental MFC and MFC/ pMKITneo cells. These results suggest that modification of cancer cells with 4-1BBL gene can produce anti-tumor immune responses. | Qiaoxia Li Jun Ai Zhenchuan Song Jie Liu Baoen Shan | 2008 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2008，5，5： | 5 |
| 4 | A new method for rating dyspnea during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease显示文摘 | WANG Hao-yan XU Qiu-fen YUAN Wei NIE Shan HE Xin ZHANG Jian KONG Yuan-yuan AI Sperry David Guan | 2013 | Chinese Medical Journal2013，，19： | 5 |
| 5 | Two New Antibacterial Flavanones from Sophora flavescens显示文摘Two new lavandulylated flavanones, (2R, 3R)-8-lavandulyl-2’-methoxy-5, 7, 4’-trihydroxy- flavanonol (1) and 8-lavandulyl-5, 7, 4’-trihydroxyflavonol (2), were isolated from the dry roots of Sophara flavescens. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significant antibacterial activities. | Mei Ai CAO Xiao Bai SUN Pei Hua ZHAO Cheng Shan YUAN | 2006 | Chinese Chemical Letters2006，17，8： | 5 |
| 6 | A convenient preparation of ethoxymethoxymethane and its effect on the solubility of methanol/gasoline blends显示文摘Ethoxymethxoymethane(EMM) was conveniently prepared by acetalization of aqueous formaldehyde with methanol and ethanol in a batch reactive distillation mode using a cation-exchange resin catalyst for the first time.EMM was found to be a significant cosolvent of methanol/gasoline blends. | Shan Jian Cao Ai You Hao Hong Yuan Sun Tao Sun | 2009 | Chinese Chemical Letters2009，20，8： | 4 |
| 7 | Study on growing thick AlGaN layer on c-plane sapphire substrate and free-standing GaN substrate显示文摘In this study,the thick AlGaN epilayers have been grown on the c-plane sapphire substrate and the free-standing GaN substrate using low-temperature AlN nucleation layers by low-pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition(LPMOCVD).High resolution X-ray diffraction(HRXRD),atom force microscopy(AFM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),photoluminescence(PL) and Raman scattering measurements have been employed to study the crystal quality,threading dislocation density,surface morphology,optical properties and phonon properties of thick AlGaN epifilms.The results indicate that AlGaN epifilms crystal quality can be improved greatly when grown on the free-standing GaN substrate.We calculated the threading dislocation density and found that thick AlGaN epifilm grown on the free-standing GaN substrate is much lower in total threading dislocation density than that grown on the sapphire substrate,although the surface morphology is rougher than that of sapphire substrate. | WANG DangHui ZHOU Hao ZHANG JinCheng XU ShengRui ZHANG LinXia MENG FanNa AI Shan HAO Yue | 2012 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2012，55，12： | 3 |
| 8 | Proton irradiation effects on HVPE GaN显示文摘GaNs grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy(HVPE) were irradiated by protons with different fluences.The changes of surface topography of as-grown and irradiated samples were characterized by atomic force microscopy(AFM).The crystal quality and optical properties of GaN films were examined by the variations of the micro-Raman and photoluminescence(PL) spectra with proton fluence.It was observed that the surface became a little more rough after irradiation.The Raman spectra indicated that the strain of materials and carrier concentration were not affected by the proton injection.The full-width at half-maximum(FWHM) of E 2 high phonon mode narrowed,which was consistent with the FWHM of PL near-band-edge emission(BE).The spectra of yellow luminescence and blue luminescence normalized to the intensity of BE demonstrated a little increase of Ga vacancy and a large decrease of O N,which may be the main reason for the change of optical properties. | LU Ling HAO Yue ZHENG XueFeng ZHANG JinCheng XU ShengRui LIN ZhiYu AI Shan MENG FanNa | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，9： | 2 |
| 9 | Environmental Monitoring of A Laboratory for New Coronavirus Nucleic Acid Testing显示文摘The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is an infection of the respiratory tract which first broke out in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The etiologic agent of this disease was identified as a betacoronavirus related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV). Thus, the International Committee on Virus Classification named the new coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)[1]. | NING Pei Yong YU Ai Ping WANG Yuan GUO Li Ru SHAN Dan KONG Mei YU Ling Qi LYU Li Kun ZOU Ming SU Xu FEI Chun Nan ZHOU Yu Hui WANG Bai Qi | 2020 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2020，33，10： | 2 |
| 10 | Circulating microRNA-1 as a potential novel biomarker for acute myocardial infarction显示文摘 | Jing Ai Rong Zhang Yue Li Jielin Pu Yanjie Lu Jundong Jiao Kang Li Bo Yu Zhuqin Li Rongrong Wang Lihong Wang Qiang Li Ning Wang Hongli Shan Zhongyu Li Baofeng Yang | 2009 | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications2009，，： | 2 |
| 11 | The Cretaceous volcanic succession around the Songliao Basin, NE China: Relationship belween volcanism and sedimentation显示文摘 | WANG PU-JUN REN YAN-GUANG SHAN XUAN- LING et ai | 2002 | Geological Journal2002，37，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Adsorption and leaching of chalcopyrite by Sulfolobus metallicus YN24 cultured in the distinct energy sources显示文摘The chalcopyrite-adsorption characteristics and leaching properties of Sulfolobus metallicus(S. metallicus) YN24 were investigated in this study. The effects of zeta potentials of S. metallicus samples on chalcopyrite cultivated with distinct sources of energy were similar. Regardless of the energy source cultivated, all of the investigated S. metallicus samples adhered rapidly to the chalcopyrite surface, with an adhesion plateau being reached within 60 min. However, the mineral-cultured S. metallicus adsorbed more strongly onto chalcopyrite than the sulfur-cultured S. metallicus did. Furthermore, chalcopyrite-leaching tests suggested that the copper-leaching ability of the mineral-cultured S. metallicus was also greater than that of unadapted S. metallicus. Therefore, the results provide insights into the mechanism of mineral-surface adsorption of microorganisms that helps enhance the copper-leaching rate. | Yu-ting Liang Shan Zhu Jun Wang Chen-bing Ai Wen-qing Qin | 2015 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2015，22，6： | 1 |
| 13 | In-situ surface transformation of magnesium to protect against oxidation at elevated temperatures显示文摘The native oxide thin scale on magnesium(Mg)surface appears continuous and crack-free,but cannot protect the Mg matrix from further oxidation,especially at elevated temperatures.This thermal oxidation process is witnessed in its entirety using a home-made in-situ heating device inside an environmental electron transmission microscope.We proposed,and verified with real-time experimental evidence,that transforming the native oxide scale into a thin continuous surface layer with high vacancy formation energy(low vacancy concentration),for example MgCO3,can effectively protect Mg from high-temperature oxidation and raise the threshold oxidation temperature by at least two hundred degrees. | Yuecun Wang Meng Li Yueqing Yang Xin’ai Zhao Evan Ma Zhiwei Shan | 2020 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2020，44，9： | 1 |
| 14 | Predicting time between software failures using ISGNN 显示文摘 | Li Ai -Guo Qiu Da- shan Li Zhan -huai | 2006 | International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security2006，6，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Oxidation behavior of multiphase Mo5SiB2 (T2) - based alloys at high temperatures 显示文摘 | WANG Fang SHAN Ai -dang DONG Xian -ping WU Jian - sheng | 2007 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2007，17，： | 1 |
| 16 | Knowledge Transfer and Organizational Learning in IS Offshore Sourcing 显示文摘 | Ai Ling Chuaa Shan L Panb | 2008 | Omega2008，36，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Thymosin-alphal promotes the apoptosisof reglatory T cells and survial rate in septic mice显示文摘 | Wan J Shan H Li G et aI | 2011 | Front Biosci2011，7，： | 1 |
| 18 | Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of exendin-4 in rhesus monkeys 显示文摘 | Ai G Chen Z Shan C | 2008 | Int J Pharm2008，353，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Design and Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2-e]purin-4(3H)-one Derivatives as Potential PDE 5 Inhibitors显示文摘A novel series of pyrido[1,2-e]purin-4(3H)-one derivatives containing polar substituents on 5’-position were designed and prepared as potential PDE5 inhibitors. This paper reports the synthetic routes, 1H-NMR data, and the PDE5 inhibitory activities of the target compounds. The polar piperazinyl group contained (on 5’-position) compound, 3B2, showed the highest activity among the tested derivatives but less potency than sildenafil 1. | Guang Xin XIA Jian Feng LI Shun An LAI Ai Ming PENG Shu Jun ZHANG Xiao Hui WEI Xin Jian CHEN Jing Shan SHEN Ru Yun JI | 2005 | Chinese Chemical Letters2005，16，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of exendin-4 in rhesus monkeys显示文摘 | Ai G Chen Z Shan C | 2008 | Int J Pharm2008，353，12： | 1 |
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