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| 1 | Towards 6G wireless communication networks:vision,enabling technologies,and new paradigm shifts显示文摘The fifth generation(5G)wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized,such as mass connectivity,ultra-reliability,and guaranteed low latency.However,5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond,and sixth generation(6G)wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage,enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency,better intelligence level and security,etc.To meet these requirements,6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies,i.e.,air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture,such as waveform design,multiple access,channel coding schemes,multi-antenna technologies,network slicing,cell-free architecture,and cloud/fog/edge computing.Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts.First,to satisfy the requirement of global coverage,6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks,which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communication networks,thus achieving a space-airground-sea integrated communication network.Second,all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density,including the sub-6GHz,millimeter wave(mmWave),terahertz(THz),and optical frequency bands.Third,facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks,diverse communication scenarios,large numbers of antennas,wide bandwidths,and new service requirements,6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence(AI)and big data technologies.Fourth,network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks.This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects.Clearly,6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable faster and further communications to the extent that the boundary between physical and cyber worlds disappears. | Xiaohu YOU Cheng-Xiang WANG Jie HUANG Xiqi GAO Zaichen ZHANG Mao WANG Yongming HUANG Chuan ZHANG Yanxiang JIANG Jiaheng WANG Min ZHU Bin SHENG Dongming WANG Zhiwen PAN Pengcheng ZHU Yang YANG Zening LIU Ping ZHANG Xiaofeng TAO Shaoqian LI Zhi CHEN Xinying MA Chih-Lin I Shuangfeng HAN Ke LI Chengkang PAN Zhimin ZHENG Lajos HANZO Xuemin(Sherman)SHEN Yingjie Jay GUO Zhiguo DING Harald HAAS Wen TONG Peiying ZHU Ganghua YANG Jun WANG Erik GLARSSON Hien Quoc NGO Wei HONG Haiming WANG Debin HOU Jixin CHEN Zhe CHEN Zhangcheng HAO Geoffrey Ye LI Rahim TAFAZOLLI Yue GAO HVincent POOR Gerhard P.FETTWEIS Ying-Chang LIANG | 2021 | Science China(Information Sciences)2021，64，1： | 122 |
| 2 | Service-aware 6G:An intelligent and open network based on the convergence of communication,computing and caching显示文摘With the proliferation of the Internet of Things(IoT),various services are emerging with totally different features and requirements,which cannot be supported by the current fifth generation of mobile cellular networks(5G).The future sixth generation of mobile cellular networks(6G)is expected to have the capability to support new and unknown services with changing requirements.Hence,in addition to enhancing its capability by 10–100 times compared with 5G,6G should also be intelligent and open to adapt to the ever-changing services in the IoT,which requires a convergence of Communication,Computing and Caching(3C).Based on the analysis of the requirements of new services for 6G,this paper identifies key enabling technologies for an intelligent and open 6G network,all featured with 3C convergence.These technologies cover fundamental and emerging topics,including 3C-based spectrum management,radio channel construction,delay-aware transmission,wireless distributed computing,and network self-evolution.From the detailed analysis of these 3C-based technologies presented in this paper,we can see that although they are promising to enable an intelligent and open 6G,more efforts are needed to realize the expected 6G network. | Yiqing Zhou Ling Liu Lu Wang Ning Hui Xinyu Cui Jie Wu Yan Peng Yanli Qi Chengwen Xing | 2020 | Digital Communications and Networks2020，6，3： | 57 |
| 3 | 6G与广域物联网显示文摘6G技术尚处于研究的起步阶段,预计在未来几年,全球将就6G的发展愿景与关键技术指标逐步达成共识。围绕应用范畴的再扩展与技术性能的再提升问题,首先对未来6G无线接入可能涉及的技术领域进行了概括,包括星地融合与覆盖扩展、毫米波与太赫兹通信、数据驱动的人工智能(AI,artificial intelligence)与安全以及大规模协作与无蜂窝系统构架创新等。在此基础上,对以公众移动通信系统为基础的广域物联网亟需进一步突破的高可靠与低时延、无线资源全动态配比以及厘米级精确定位等若干重要技术进行了分析与展望,最后进行了总结概述。 | 尤肖虎 尹浩 邬贺铨 | 2020 | 物联网学报2020，4，1： | 50 |
| 4 | Vision,Requirements and Network Architecture of 6G Mobile Network beyond 2030显示文摘With the 5th Generation(5G)Mobile network being rolled out gradually in 2019,the research for the next generation mobile network has been started and targeted for 2030.To pave the way for the development of the 6th Generation(6G)mobile network,the vision and requirements should be identified first for the potential key technology identification and comprehensive system design.This article first identifies the vision of the society development towards 2030 and the new application scenarios for mobile communication,and then the key performance requirements are derived from the service and application perspective.Taken into account the convergence of information technology,communication technology and big data technology,a logical mobile network architecture is proposed to resolve the lessons from 5G network design.To compromise among the cost,capability and flexibility of the network,the features of the 6G mobile network are proposed based on the latest progress and applications of the relevant fields,namely,on-demand fulfillment,lite network,soft network,native AI and native security.Ultimately,the intent of this article is to serve as a basis for stimulating more promising research on 6G. | Guangyi Liu Yuhong Huang Na Li Jing Dong Jing Jin Qixing Wang Nan Li | 2020 | China Communications2020，17，9： | 37 |
| 5 | 面向6G的无线通信信道特性分析与建模显示文摘针对6G全覆盖、全频谱、全应用的发展愿景,对面向6G的全频谱全场景无线信道测量、信道特性与信道模型方面的进展进行了全面概述,侧重于毫米波、太赫兹、光波段、卫星、无人机、海洋、水声、高铁、车对车、大规模/超大规模天线、轨道角动量以及工业物联网等通信信道,并展示了6G信道的相关测量与建模结果。最后,指出了6G无线信道测量与建模研究的未来挑战。 | 王承祥 黄杰 王海明 高西奇 尤肖虎 郝阳 | 2020 | 物联网学报2020，4，1： | 24 |
| 6 | 5G移动通信系统关键技术与标准进展及6G展望显示文摘总结了第5代移动通信系统(5th generation mobile communication system,5G)标准研究中的需求分析、工作计划和工作进展,对5G新型无线空口(5G new radio,5G NR)系统的关键技术、空口协议栈过程、接入网架构与接口设计、以及核心网的关键技术进行分析,全面地概括了5G技术的整体设计思路、方案及特点,展望了未来第6代移动通信系统(6th generation mobile communication system,6G)的发展方向。 | 禹忠 陈彦萍 周运基 李建雄 | 2020 | 西安邮电大学学报2020，25，1： | 15 |
| 7 | Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces for smart wireless environments:channel estimation,system design and applications in 6G networks显示文摘Reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS),one of the key enablers for the sixth-generation(6G)mobile communication networks,is considered by designers to smartly reconfigure the wireless propagation environment in a controllable and programmable manner.Specifically,an RIS consists of a large number of low-cost and passive reflective elements(REs)without radio frequency chains.The system gain of RIS wireless systems can be achieved by adjusting the phase shifts and amplitudes of the REs so that the desired signals can be added constructively at the receiver.However,an RIS typically has limited signal processing capability and cannot perform active transmitting/receiving in general,which leads to new challenges in the physical layer design of RIS wireless systems.In this paper,we provide an overview of the RIS-aided wireless systems,including the reflection principle,channel estimation,and system design.In particular,two types of emerging RIS systems are considered:RIS-aided wireless communications(RAWC)and RISbased information transmission(RBIT),where the RIS plays the role of the reflector and the transmitter,respectively.We also envision the potential applications of RIS in 6G networks. | Ying-Chang LIANG Jie CHEN Ruizhe LONG Zhen-Qing HE Xianqi LIN Chenlu HUANG Shilin LIU Xuemin(Sherman)SHEN Marco DI RENZO | 2021 | Science China(Information Sciences)2021，64，10： | 12 |
| 8 | 6G愿景需求、网络架构和关键技术展望显示文摘全球范围内5G在商业化的同时,学术界和工业界已经按计划开展了6G研究。聚焦移动通信系统在覆盖范围、容量、用户数据速率、移动速度等方面的挑战,对6G进行了较全面的讨论,提出6G愿景,并描述了6G网络的使用场景和要求。提出了集成空天地海的3D智能网络体系结构,以提供无处不在的无线智能连接。通过广泛调研分析,梳理了包括空天地海一体化、人工智能、太赫兹等12项6G网络潜在关键技术及其与使用场景、性能要求间的关系。 | 林德平 彭涛 刘春平 | 2021 | 信息通信技术与政策2021，，1： | 12 |
| 9 | Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network (SAGIN) for 6G: Requirements, Architecture and Challenges显示文摘As the fifth-generation(5G)mobile communication network may not meet the requirements of emerging technologies and applications,including ubiquitous coverage,industrial internet of things(IIoT),ubiquitous artificial intelligence(AI),digital twins(DT),etc.,this paper aims to explore a novel space-air-ground integrated network(SAGIN)architecture to support these new requirements for the sixth-generation(6G)mobile communication network in a flexible,low-latency and efficient manner.Specifically,we first review the evolution of the mobile communication network,followed by the application and technology requirements of 6G.Then the current 5G non-terrestrial network(NTN)architecture in supporting the new requirements is deeply analyzed.After that,we proposes a new flexible,low-latency and flat SAGIN architecture,and presents corresponding use cases.Finally,the future research directions are discussed. | Huanxi Cui Jun Zhang Yuhui Geng Zhenyu Xiao Tao Sun Ning Zhang Jiajia Liu Qihui Wu Xianbin Cao | 2022 | China Communications2022，19，2： | 11 |
| 10 | 反向散射辅助的无线供能通信网络中用户能效公平性研究显示文摘针对反向散射辅助的无线供能通信网络中由于信道质量差异导致的用户能效不公平问题,提出了一种基于最大最小准则的资源分配方法。首先,考虑用户服务质量与能量因果约束,并以最大最小化用户能效为目标,将优化问题建模为混合整数非凸分式规划问题。其次,利用广义分式规划理论将其转化为一个混合整数非凸减式优化问题,并通过引入松弛变量、反证法和辅助变量将非凸减式问题进一步转化为一个等价的凸问题。最后,提出一种迭代算法来获取原优化问题的最优解。实验仿真验证了所提迭代算法的快速收敛性,并证明了所提资源分配方法能够有效地保障用户能效公平性。 | 叶迎晖 施丽琴 卢光跃 | 2020 | 通信学报2020，41，7： | 10 |
| 11 | Shannon信息论与未来6G技术潜能显示文摘本文从Shannon信息论及其扩展形式的角度,探讨未来6G移动通信系统性能提升的潜能.首先,对经典Shannon信道容量及传输性能折中理论框架进行了概括,并探讨了其在当代移动通信系统中应用的局限性.其次,对Shannon信息论的多输入多输出(MIMO)扩展形式进行了论述,指出了其在当代移动通信系统发展中所扮演的基础性作用;鉴于Shannon信息论及其MIMO扩展形式均为非构造性的,文中还分别讨论了信道容量构造性逼近的两种重要途径—信道极化和特征模式无线传输.然后,围绕更高的频谱效率与功率效率、更高的可靠性与更低的时延、更高的频段等6G技术发展需求,从基础理论的角度探讨其性能进一步提升的潜能,主要结论包括:通过引入更多的天线、无蜂窝网络构架创新,以及分块长度–差错概率–传输速率–最小天线数等关键参数的有效平衡等途径,未来6G技术仍然具有较大的提升潜能,但需要在系统性能与部署成本之间进行折中,并有针对性地有效获取高频段MIMO信道容量.最后本文对涉及未来发展的若干基础性问题进行了总结. | 尤肖虎 | 2020 | 中国科学:信息科学2020，50，9： | 8 |
| 12 | 6G定位的潜力与挑战显示文摘在部署5G网络的同时,6G技术进入了研究起步阶段。围绕6G与无线定位技术,首先从直接和间接定位的角度对定位技术进行总结,并分析5G定位增强以及存在的不足。然后提出面向6G定位技术展望,重点分析了太赫兹通信技术、SM-MIMO超大规模天线阵列、融合定位、人工智能等6G技术发展对定位技术的影响。最后分析了6G技术应用于无线定位存在的挑战。 | 赵军辉 李一博 王海明 张英豪 | 2020 | 移动通信2020，44，6： | 8 |
| 13 | An overview on integrated localization and communication towards 6G显示文摘While the fifth generation(5 G) cellular system is being deployed worldwide, researchers have started the investigation of the sixth generation(6 G) mobile communication networks. Although the essential requirements and key usage scenarios of 6 G are yet to be defined, it is believed that 6 G should be able to provide intelligent and ubiquitous wireless connectivity with Terabits per second(Tbps) data rate and submillisecond(sub-ms) latency over three-dimensional(3 D) network coverage. To achieve such goals, acquiring accurate location information of the mobile terminals is becoming extremely useful, not only for locationbased services but also for improving wireless communication performance in various ways such as channel estimation, beam alignment, medium access control, routing, and network optimization. On the other hand, the advancement of communication technologies also brings new opportunities to greatly improve the localization performance, as exemplified by the anticipated centimeter-level localization accuracy in 6 G by extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) and millimeter wave(mm Wave) technologies.In this regard, a unified study on integrated localization and communication(ILAC) is necessary to unlock the full potential of wireless networks for dual purposes. While there are extensive studies on wireless localization or communications separately, the research on ILAC is still in its infancy. Therefore, this article aims to give a tutorial overview on ILAC towards 6 G wireless networks. After a holistic survey on wireless localization basics, we present the state-of-the-art results on how wireless localization and communication inter-play with each other in various network layers, together with the main architectures and techniques for localization and communication co-design in current two-dimensional(2 D) and future 3 D networks with aerial-ground integration. Finally, we outline some promising future research directions for ILAC. | Zhiqiang XIAO Yong ZENG | 2022 | Science China(Information Sciences)2022，65，3： | 7 |
| 14 | 6G愿景:统一网络赋能智慧城市群显示文摘认为在研究和遴选具体的6G关键技术之前,非常有必要首先讨论6G的愿景、应用需求和业务分类,并力求达成一致。通信网络已经成为城市和国家的第5大公共基础设施,6G的发展需要和未来10年乃至更长时间的社会和经济发展互相适应、互为依托。在5G已有的3类业务基础上,6G新增广覆盖高时延通信场景,构建空天地海全覆盖全连接的统一网络。从未来智慧城市群的应用需求来思考移动通信发展,提出了最重要的6G愿景是赋能智能城市群。 | 王海明 | 2019 | 中兴通讯技术2019，25，6： | 7 |
| 15 | 面向车联网的多智能体强化学习边云协同卸载显示文摘车联网边缘计算是实现车联网系统低时延和高可靠性的关键技术,但现有方法普遍存在场景趋同和系统建模局限的问题,同时包含复杂的训练过程并面临维灾风险。通过结合云计算技术,提出一种基于多智能体强化学习的边云协同卸载方案。依据随机几何理论计算卸载节点覆盖概率,对车辆节点与卸载对象进行预配对。利用线性Q函数分解方法反映每个智能体多效用因子与任务决策间的映射关系,通过云端协同机制将智能体决策记录作为经验上传到云端,并在云端将训练更完备的神经网络反馈到边缘节点。仿真结果表明,该方案在功耗和延时方面性能优于单一固定边缘的计算策略,且算法复杂度较低,能够有效提升边云协同卸载能力,实现低时延、高可靠的任务卸载。 | 叶佩文 贾向东 杨小蓉 牛春雨 | 2021 | 计算机工程2021，47，4： | 6 |
| 16 | Edgence: A Blockchain-Enabled Edge-Computing Platform for Intelligent IoT-Based dApps显示文摘Nowadays scalable Io T management is a bottleneck of Io T development due to the geographically dispersed distribution, fragmented ownerships, and ever-growing population of Io T devices. To intelligently manage massive decentralized applications(d Apps) in Io T usecases, Edgence(EDGe + intellig ENCE) is proposed to use edge clouds to access Io T devices and users, and then use its in-built blockchain to realize self-governing and self-supervision of the edge clouds. Edgence proposes to use masternode technology to introduce Io T devices and users into a closed blockchain system, which can extend the range of blockchain to Io T-based d Apps. Further, masternodes do good to scalability by raising the TPS(transactions per second) of the blockchain network. To support various d Apps, a three-tier validation is proposed, namely script validation, smartcontract validation, and masternode validation. To avoid energy consumption resulted by blockchain consensus, Edgence proposes a random but verifiable way to elect a masternode to generate each new block. The potential of the tailored Edgence is shown by examples of decentralized crowdsourcing and AI training. | Jinliang Xu Shangguang Wang Ao Zhou Fangchun Yang | 2020 | China Communications2020，17，4： | 5 |
| 17 | Incentive Scheme for Slice Cooperation Based on D2D Communication in 5G Networks显示文摘In the 5th generation(5G)wireless communication networks,network slicing emerges where network operators(NPs)form isolated logical slices by the same cellular network infrastructure and spectrum resource.In coverage regions of access points(APs)shared by slices,device to device(D2D)communication can occur among different slices,i.e.,one device acts as D2D relay for another device serving by a different slice,which is defined as slice cooperation in this paper.Since selfish slices will not help other slices by cooperation voluntarily and unconditionally,this paper designs a novel resource allocation scheme to stimulate slice cooperation.The main idea is to encourage slice to perform cooperation for other slices by rewarding it with higher throughput.The proposed incentive scheme for slice cooperation is formulated by an optimal problem,where cooperative activities are introduced to the objective function.Since optimal solutions of the formulated problem are long term statistics,though can be obtained,a practical online slice scheduling algorithm is designed,which can obtain optimal solutions of the formulated maximal problem.Lastly,the throughput isolation indexes are defined to evaluate isolation performance of slice.According to simulation results,the proposed incentive scheme for slice cooperation can stimulate slice cooperation effectively,and the isolation of slice is also simulated and discussed. | Qian Sun Lin Tian Yiqing Zhou Jinglin Shi Zongshuai Zhang | 2020 | China Communications2020，17，1： | 5 |
| 18 | Evolution Toward Artificial Intelligence of Things Under 6G Ubiquitous⁃X显示文摘With the evolution of cellular networks,6G is a promising technology to provide ubiquity of communications,computing,control,and consciousness(UC4)for“human⁃machine⁃thing⁃genie”and build a ubiquitous intelligent mobile society.Genie,which can act as the artificial intelligence assistance for 6G users,is the key enabler to realize the unprecedented transformation from mobile Internet to network of intelligence.While Internet of Things(IoT)is the digital nervous system,genie acts like the brain of the overall system.Supported by 6G,IoT will step into the Artificial Intelligence of Things(AIoT)era and the AIoT networks have the abilities of intelligent perception,intelligent analysis,and intelligent control.In this paper,the concept of Ubiquitous⁃X is introduced,which is considered as the fundamental architecture of 6G network,and the definition and architecture of AIoT under Ubiquitous⁃X is also presented.Several major technical challenges posed by the service requirements of novel AIoT applications are pinpointed,including massive and intelligent connectivity,efficient computing,security,privacy,authentication,high scalability and efficiency.Potential enabling technologies to support seamless service experiences across terminals to realize AIoT are introduced as well. | Ping Zhang Xiaodong Xu Xiaoqi Qin Yiming Liu Nan Ma Shujun Han | 2020 | Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)2020，27，3： | 4 |
| 19 | 基于深度强化学习的反向散射网络资源分配机制显示文摘为了提升反向散射网络中物联网设备的平均吞吐量,提出了一种资源分配机制,构建了用户配对和时隙分配联合优化资源分配模型。由于该模型直接利用深度强化学习(Deep Reinforcement Learning,DRL)算法求解导致动作空间维度较高且神经网络复杂,故将其分解为两层子问题以降低动作空间维度:首先,基于深度强化学习算法,利用历史信道信息推断当前的信道信息以进行最优的用户配对;然后,在用户固定配对的情况下,基于凸优化算法,以最大化物联网设备总吞吐量为目标进行最优的时隙分配。仿真结果表明,与其他资源分配方法相比,所提资源分配方法能有效提升系统吞吐量,且有较好的信道适应性和收敛性。 | 江巍 朱江 | 2022 | 电讯技术2022，62，10： | 3 |
| 20 | 基于多智能体深度强化学习的多域协同抗干扰方法研究显示文摘动态的传输需求和有限的缓存空间给恶意干扰环境下的无线数据传输带来巨大挑战。针对上述问题,从频域和时域的角度出发,研究了面向分布式物联网的协同抗干扰信道选择和数据调度联合决策方法,构建了基于多用户马尔可夫决策过程的数据传输模型,提出了基于多智能体深度强化学习的协同抗干扰信道和数据联合决策算法。仿真表明,所提算法可有效避开恶意干扰并避免同频互扰。相较于对比算法,网络吞吐量显著提高,丢包数量明显降低。 | 张彪 汪西明 徐逸凡 李文 韩昊 刘松仪 陈学强 | 2022 | 物联网学报2022，6，4： | 3 |
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