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| 1 | TRMM降水数据在中天山区域的精度评估分析显示文摘遥感降水产品能反映降水的时空分布变化,对于资料稀缺的西北干旱区生态水文研究有重大意义。TRMM卫星降水资料在热带湿润地区有大量应用,但要将其用于我国西北干旱半干旱气候地区,还需对该数据产品在质量进行评估。选择干旱区内陆的新疆天山中部为研究区,并以周边15个台站的实测数据为依据对TRMM3B42降水数据质量进行评价。结果表明:(1)TRMM3B42数据对日降水事件的估计准确率较低,但是总体上暖季好于冷季,相对于较大的降水,对发生量小的降水估计更为准确;在暖季高估量小降水,低估量大降水,冷季则相反;(2)月降水情况来看,天山南坡两站与北坡的规律不符;对北坡山区降水估计的精度好于平原区,并且精度与海拔呈抛物线分布,降水越大的区域精度越高;偏差量的年内分布在各海拔区域之内一致性较好,但区域之间规律各有特点;(3)从年降水量来看,TRMM降水整体低于站点观测值,并且差量随着高程具有抛物线分布的特征。总之,该降水产品的质量总体上不高,但是其偏差在时间和空间上具有一定的规律性,该数据在干旱区的应用需要进一步校准处理。 | 季漩 罗毅 | 2013 | 干旱区地理2013，36，2： | 37 |
| 2 | 星载测雨雷达探测的夏季亚洲对流与层云降水雨顶高度气候特征显示文摘利用热带测雨卫星测雨雷达的10年探测结果,对夏季亚洲对流降水与层云降水雨顶高度分布、雨顶高度与地表降水强度的关系、雨顶高度日变化特征进行了研究。结果表明,青藏高原和中国东部平原的多数(70%以上)对流降水雨顶高度分布在8—12和5—10km,其他地区分布在5—9km;陆面对流降水雨顶平均高度高于洋面。洋面和陆面层云降水雨顶高度没有明显差异,多在5—8km。夏季亚洲浅对流降水比例少,而深厚对流主要出现在中国东部平原、西南、印度次大陆西部至伊朗高原东部地区,比例约40%。洋面和陆面的弱对流降水的雨顶平均高度在7—8km,弱层云降水相应的雨顶平均高度多小于7.5km;陆面约90%的强对流降水雨顶平均高度在9km以上,而强层云降水雨顶的平均高度通常不超过8.5km。夏季亚洲对流降水和层云降水的雨顶平均高度均随着地面平均降水率的增大而升高,两者遵从二次函数关系。对流降水及层云降水频次、强度和雨顶高度的日变化峰值分析表明,陆面这些参量的日变化强于洋面,并且三者的日变化基本同步。 | 傅云飞 曹爱琴 李天奕 冯沙 郑媛媛 刘勇 张爱民 | 2012 | 气象学报2012，70，3： | 31 |
| 3 | Diurnal variations of summer precipitation over the Asian monsoon region as revealed by TRMM satellite data显示文摘Climatological characteristics of diurnal variations in summer precipitation over the Asian monsoon region are comprehensively investigated based on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) satellite data during 1998-2008.The topographic influence on the diurnal variations and phase propagations of maximum precipitation are identified according to spatiotemporal distributions of the amplitude and peak time of the diurnal precipitation.The amplitude and phase of diurnal precipitation show a distinct geographical pattern.Significant diurnal variations occur over most of continental and coastal areas including the Maritime Continent,with the relative amplitude exceeding 40%,indicating that the precipitation peak is 1.4 times the 24-h mean.Over the landside coasts such as southeastern China and Indochina Peninsula,the relative amplitude is even greater than 100%.Although the diurnal variations of summer precipitation over the continental areas are characterized by an afternoon peak(1500-1800 Local Solar Time(LST)),over the central Indochina Peninsula and central and southern Indian Peninsula the diurnal phase is delayed to after 2100 LST,suggesting the diurnal behaviors over these areas different from the general continental areas.The weak diurnal variations with relative amplitudes less than 40% exist mainly over oceanic areas in the western Pacific and most of Indian Ocean,with the rainfall peak mainly occurring from midnight to early morning(0000-0600 LST),indicating a typical oceanic regime characterized by an early morning peak.However,apparent exceptions occur over the South China Sea(SCS),Bay of Bengal(BOB),and eastern Arabian Sea,with the rainfall peak occurring in daytime(0900-1500 LST).Prominent meridional propagations of the diurnal phase exist in South Asia and East Asia.Along the eastern Indian Peninsula,there is not only the southward phase propagation with the peak occurring around 25°N but also the northward phase propagation with the peak beginning with the southernmost continent,and both reach the central Indian continent to finish.Along the same longitudes where southern China and Kalimantan are located,the diurnal phase of the former propagates from the oceanic area(northern SCS) toward the inland continent,while the phase of the latter propagates from the land area toward the outside sea,showing a landward or seaward coastal diurnal regime.A distinct zonal propagation of the diurnal phase is observed over the BOB oceanic area.The maximum precipitation zone originates from the land-sea boundary of the eastern coast of the Indian peninsula at around 0300 LST,and then propagates eastward with increasing time to reach the eastern coast of the BOB on 1800 LST,finally migrates into the Indochina continent on about 2100 LST. | JiangYu Mao GuoXiong Wu | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，4： | 20 |
| 4 | 秦岭及周边地区暖季降水日变化及其成因分析显示文摘利用三源降水融合资料和欧洲中期数值预报中心ERA5逐小时再分析数据,分析暖季秦岭及周边地区的降水日变化特征及可能的成因。研究表明:暖季秦岭南北降水日变化存在显著差异,秦岭南部降水日峰值主要是盆地地形影响下的夜雨,秦岭北部降水日峰值则是午后黄土高原上的昼雨。青藏高原东部延伸区、黄土高原等大地形对研究区域长、短时降水的空间分布贡献显著;秦岭南部短时降水频率高,但L3级降水强度相对较低,北部L3级降水频率低、强度大。盆地地形作用下夜间的山风与青藏高原南侧地形槽前定常西南暖湿上升气流叠加,800 hPa以上上升运动异常加强,形成多个铅直次级环流,是秦岭南部夜雨特别显著的重要原因;而白天受谷风的作用,使得地形槽前上升气流减弱,昼雨相对较少。午后热力作用加强,南风上升气流与中上层西北风下沉气流在700 hPa附近交汇,使得秦岭北部黄土高原午后强降水异常多发。 | 张宏芳 潘留杰 陈昊明 浩宇 张曦 | 2020 | 高原气象2020，39，5： | 16 |
| 5 | 羌塘高原降水空间分布及其变化特征显示文摘羌塘高原作为典型的青藏高原内流区,其降水变化直接影响自身及其周边区域冰冻圈与生态系统的变化。但由于站点观测资料的限制,羌塘高原降水时空格局尚不明确。因此,基于2015年羌塘高原9个自动观测站逐小时降水数据和5套降水格点产品以及1978-2015年西藏地区26个国家台站逐日降水数据,分析羌塘高原降水的空间分布和变化特征。结果表明:(1)2015年羌塘高原核心区降水量和降水日数的均值分别约为154.9 mm和50天,其中,降水量约为东南边缘以及西藏地区多年均值的1/3和1/4。在空间上,降水量呈现东南多、北部少的特征,其中,昆仑山脉以北地区降水量最低,这从降水角度验证了该区域是'寒旱核心'的主要地区之一。(2)雨季与干季分明。西北部雨季分布在6-8月,比东南边缘地区约短1~2个月;且前者降水量呈现单峰型而后者呈现双峰型。(3)在高原核心区,热带降雨测量计划(TRMM)3B43数据和全球降水量测量计划(GPM)IMERG算法数据高估了多数站点的年降水量,主要是高估了干季降水量所致。(4)1978-2015年羌塘高原改则和狮泉河站降水量和降水日数呈现微弱增加趋势,且强降水事件增多。 | 李兰晖 刘琼欢 张镱锂 刘林山 丁明军 谷昌军 | 2017 | 地理研究2017，36，11： | 15 |
| 6 | 多种卫星降水产品对中国极端降雨反演效果评估显示文摘利用7种极端降雨指标分析评估TRMM 3B42、TRMM3B42RT及CMORPH这3种主要的卫星降水产品在中国地区的表现。为全面、科学地评估这些产品,采用不同的时间尺度、空间尺度以及评价指标来作检验,结果表明:1)总体上3B42的表现比3B42RT和CMORPH要好,3B42RT倾向于高估,而CMORPH则倾向于低估;2)在对极端降雨量的表现中,3种产品对喜马拉雅山脉地区都存在着高估现象,并在春季的表现最好;3)在对极端降雨强度的表现中,3种卫星降水产品对PRCPTOT的表现更好,尤其在全中国和西部;4)在对周期的表现上,3种产品对海拔较高的地方均有着显著地高估,另外,CMORPH对海拔较低的地方同样存在着高估的现象,3种产品对CWD的表现更好。在中国极端降雨的探测上,3B42要优于3B42RT和CMORPH,但是它们对海拔较高的地方均存在一定程度的高估,因此在这些地方使用时要谨慎。 | 刘瑜 吴裕珍 冯志州 黄雪绒姿 王大刚 | 2017 | 热带地理2017，37，3： | 12 |
| 7 | Seasonal variability in tropical and subtropical convective and stratiform precipitation of the East Asian monsoon显示文摘Seasonal variations in tropical and subtropical convective and stratiform precipitation of the East Asian monsoon are analyzed using 10-year (1998-2007) Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) rain products (2A25). Datasets from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) 24 general circulation models (GCMs) are evaluated using TRMM PR rain products in terms of their ability to simulate convective and stratiform precipitation and their deficiencies. The results show that Asian monsoon convective and stratiform precipitation increases significantly after onset of the summer monsoon, but the percentage of convective precipitation clearly decreases over tropical areas while it increases in subtropical regions. The GCMs simulate well the seasonal variation in the contribution of Asian monsoon subtropical convective precipitation to the total rainfall; however, the simulated convective precipitation amount is high while the simulated stratiform precipitation amount is low relative to TRMM measurements, especially over the Asian monsoon tropical region. There is simultaneous TRMM-observed convective and stratiform precipitation in space and time, but GCMs cannot simulate this relationship between convective and stratiform precipitation, resulting in the deficiency of stratiform precipitation simulations. | HU Liang LI YaoDong SONG Yang DENG DiFei | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，10： | 11 |
| 8 | 冬、夏季热带及副热带穿透性对流气候特征分析显示文摘文中利用热带测雨卫星(TRMM)搭载的测雨雷达(PR)1998~2007年的探测结果,就热带及副热带地区穿透性对流的频次、条件降水强度及垂直廓线等特征进行了分析。研究结果表明:深对流和穿透性对流都主要发生在热带辐合带(ITCZ)、南太平洋辐合带(SPCZ)、亚洲季风区、20°N以南的非洲以及美洲等地区,它们的空间分布具有明显的地域性和季节变化特征,而且陆地深对流更容易发展成为穿透性对流,但绝大部分地区的穿透性对流频次不超过0.2%。对穿透性对流条件降水强度的分析表明,热带及副热带大部分地区的穿透性对流条件降水强度在10mm/h以上,且洋面的条件降水强度要比陆地大,但由于其频次较小导致其对总降水的贡献并不大。尽管深对流和穿透性对流降水廓线的外形比较相似,但相同的高度,深对流的降水强度要比穿透性对流偏小,而且这种差异随海陆和纬度的不同而有所区别。此外,热带地区(15°S~15°N)冬、夏季深对流和穿透性对流降水廓线都只存在较小差异,并没有显示出明显的季节变化。 | 刘鹏 王雨 冯沙 李崇银 傅云飞 | 2012 | 大气科学2012，36，3： | 11 |
| 9 | Properties of Cloud and Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘The characteristics of seasonal precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau(TP) were investigated using TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) precipitation data(3B43). Sensitive regions of summer precipitation interannual variation anomalies were investigated using EOF(empirical orthogonal function) analysis. Furthermore, the profiles of cloud water content(CWC) and precipitable water in different regions and seasons were analyzed using TRMM-3A12 data observed by the TRMM Microwave Imager. Good agreement was found between hydrometeors and precipitation over the eastern and southeastern TP, where water vapor is adequate, while the water vapor amount is not significant over the western and northern TP.Further analysis showed meridional and zonal anomalies of CWC centers in the ascending branch of the Hadley and Walker Circulation, especially over the south and east of the TP. The interannual variation of hydrometeors over the past decade showed a decrease over the southeastern and northwestern TP, along with a corresponding increase over other regions. | WANG Chenghai SHI Hongxia HU Haolin WANG Yi XI Baike | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，11： | 6 |
| 10 | Climatological Characteristics of Summer Precipitation over East Asia Measured by TRMM PR:A Review显示文摘Precipitation is an important indicator of climate change and a critical process in the hydrological cycle, on both the global and regional scales. Methods of precipitation observation and associated analyses are of strategic importance in global climate change research. As the first space-based radar, the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM)Precipitation Radar(PR) has been in operation for almost 17 years and has acquired a huge amount of cloud and precipitation data that provide a distinctive view to help expose the nature of cloud and precipitation in the tropics and subtropics. In this paper we review recent advances in summer East Asian precipitation climatology studies based on long-term TRMM PR measurements in the following three aspects:(1) the three-dimensional structure of precipitation,(2) the diurnal variation of precipitation, and(3) the recent precipitation trend. Additionally, some important prospects regarding satellite remote sensing of precipitation and its application in the near future are discussed. | Yunfei FU Xiao PAN Yuanjian YANG Fengjiao CHEN Peng LIU | 2017 | Journal of Meteorological Research2017，31，1： | 6 |
| 11 | 基于TRMM卫星探测的南海及周边地区降水、云和潜热特征的比较研究显示文摘利用1998—2013年热带测雨卫星(TRMM)3A12资料,对南海及其周边地区降水、云和潜热的三维特征及其变化进行了对比研究,把南海及其周边地区分为四个区域:华南地区、中南半岛、马来群岛、南海。结果表明:(1)地面降水率EOF分析的第一、二模态方差贡献率分别为57.16%和8.72%,第一模态向量场均为正值,降水呈现南多北少的分布特征;第二模态向量场体现了降水变化南北反相的特征,马来群岛降水变化与其他三个区域反相。从两个模态时间系数序列看出,1998—2005年整个区域降水总体减少,区域降水北部增多南部减少;2005—2013年整个区域降水总体增多,区域降水南部增多北部减少。(2)南海及其周边地区降水夏秋季多,春冬季少,降水中心春夏季北移,秋冬季南撤,其中马来群岛夏季降水最少,冬季最多;其它三个区域都是夏季降水最多,华南和中南半岛冬季最少,南海春季最少。(3)赤道附近对流降水为主,23°N以北区域层云降水为主,5~23°N之间区域两种类型降水比例随季节变化,其中陆地降水比例随季节变化明显,特别是华南地区陆地夏季对流降水比例大于50%,冬季层云降水比例大于80%;海洋对流降水所占比例普遍大于50%,随季节变化小。(4)云冰、云水含量水平分布大值区与降水大值区相对应;二者随高度先增加后减少,云冰在13 km高度达到最大值,云水在2.5 km高度达到最大。春冬季,马来群岛云冰含量最大;夏秋季,南海云冰含量最大。云水含量在四个季节都以南海最大。(5)潜热加热率水平分布大值区与降水大值区相对应;随高度呈双峰分布,峰值分别出现在1~2 km高度和4 km高度处,春冬季马来群岛潜热加热率最大。 | 叶清文 李江南 罗家林 丁成慧 赵杨洁 | 2018 | 热带气象学报2018，34，3： | 5 |
| 12 | 青藏高原羌塘内流区降水时空特征显示文摘利用8套卫星反演与模式模拟的降水资料及地面实测降水数据,分析了羌塘内流区2001—2015年的降水时空分布特征,评估了卫星反演与模式模拟降水资料在羌塘内流区的适用性。结果表明:GSMaP_Gauge降水资料在羌塘内流区表现出更好的适用性,其月数据与地面实测降水数据的相关系数达到0.95,相对误差、平均绝对误差和均方根误差最低;羌塘内流区降水空间格局整体上呈现自东南向西北、由南向北逐渐减少的分布规律;2001—2015年,内流区年降水量总体呈现增加趋势,GSMaP_Gauge年降水量更接近于内流区真实情况;年降水主要集中在夏季,占全年降水的59%以上。 | 王珂 王娜 雍斌 | 2019 | 水资源保护2019，35，3： | 5 |
| 13 | 热带测雨卫星搭载的仪器及其探测结果在降水分析中的应用显示文摘针对降水遥感和探测,简要介绍了卫星红外遥感方法和被动微波遥感方法,着重讨论了热带测雨卫星及其搭载仪器。随后介绍了热带测雨卫星多仪器探测结果的应用,并以夏季热对流降水为例,分析了其降水结构、云顶高度和雨顶高度及其与地表降水之间的关系,同时也阐述了如何利用热带测雨卫星和测雨雷达长时间资料,来分析亚洲地区降水的气候分布。最后对卫星主动微波探测降水的发展做了简要展望。 | 傅云飞 刘奇 王雨 孙亮 李锐 马明 刘国胜 | 2012 | 中国工程科学2012，14，10： | 4 |
| 14 | The structural characteristics of precipitation in Asian-Pacific's three monsoon regions measured by tropical rainfall measurement mission显示文摘The three-dimensional structure of precipitation on a seasonal scale in the Asian-Pacific's three monsoon regions is investigated based on the tropical rainfall measurement mission(TRMM) data. The results show that:(1) The maximum seasonal variation of the relative proportional difference of convective precipitation and stratiform rain occurs in the East Asian monsoon region, the second occurs in the Indian monsoon region, and the minimum is in the northwest Pacific monsoon region. In both the northwest Pacific monsoon region and the Indian monsoon region, the convective rain is proportionately larger than stratiform rain in all four seasons.(2) Cloud ice reaches its maximum at around 9 km. Cloud water's maximum range is between 3 and 4 km. The large value area of precipitation ice is mainly between 4 and 9 km. The precipitation water particle is concentrated mostly below 4 km. The largest content is from the ground to 2 km.(3) The most remarkable variance of the content of cloud ice in the Indian monsoon region occurs from spring to winter, and the content of cloud water in the northwest Pacific is always higher than that in the other two regions.(4) The latent heat profile has a similar double-peak structure. The first peak is at 4 km and the second peak is at 2 km. In autumn and winter, the latent heat is higher in the northwest Pacific than in other two regions. In all three regions, the release of the latent heat is higher in summer and autumn than in spring and winter. | LI Jiangnan ZHENG Yanping LI Fangzhou GUO Feiyun LI Weibiao | 2014 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2014，33，3： | 1 |
| 15 | “艾利”台风过程中FY-2C与TRMM卫星红外通道信号差异分析显示文摘为了了解不同卫星平台上类似仪器探测结果的差异,分析对比了2005年8月27日至9月3日'艾利'台风期间,风云二号C星(FY-2C)自旋扫描辐射器(VISSR)与热带测雨卫星(TRMM)可见光及红外扫描仪(VIRS)中红外和远红外探测结果差异。研究结果表明,70%以上的VISSR和VIRS红外辐射亮温差小于5 K;晴空状况下VIRS较VISSR红外通道平均亮温偏低幅度小于1.5 K;有云情况下远红外通道VIRS比VISSR相应通道亮温平均偏高幅度也小于1.5 K,但中红外通道VIRS与VISSR的亮温差异较大,且随着云顶的升高,差异也增大。 | 王天天 傅云飞 赵凤生 | 2012 | 大气与环境光学学报2012，7，6： | 0 |
| 16 | MJO对南海夏季降水的调制及其对海洋表层盐度的影响显示文摘基于向外长波辐射、降水、大气再分析资料和HYCOM(HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model)盐度等资料,研究了MJO(Madden-Julian Oscillation,热带大气季节内振荡)对南海夏季降水的调制,并初步探讨了其对海洋表层盐度的影响。结果显示:MJO对南海夏季降水有显著的调制作用,导致南海降水具有强的季节内变化,其最显著周期为45 d。降水季节内信号在泰国湾北部、吕宋岛以西和台湾岛西南等迎风坡区域较强,而在越南外海的安南山脉背风区域较弱,且降水信号会随着MJO信号向东北方向移动。MJO对流抑制(活跃)中心所在区域,低层大气辐聚减弱(增强),中层大气对流减弱(增强),导致降水减少(增加);此外,MJO对流抑制(活跃)中心伴随的反气旋式(气旋式)环流会改变风场,风场减弱(增强)使得迎风区域的降水减少(增加)。MJO引起的降水异常进一步影响南海盐度,南海表层盐度也有明显的季节内变化特征,其显著周期和降水基本一致,为47 d,且盐度异常信号也随降水异常向东北移动。本研究结果有助于进一步了解南海降水和表层盐度的季节内变化特征。 | 谢晓丽 杨婧灵 凌征 | 2022 | 海洋科学进展2022，40，2： | 0 |
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