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| 1 | 基于有限元的疲劳设计分析系统MSC/FATIGUE显示文摘简单描述了基于有限元分析结果进行疲劳寿命分析的思路,着重介绍了根据时域载荷输入计算构件内各点弹性应力应变响应的各种方法,以及从弹性应力应变结果近似计算弹塑性应力应变历史,并考虑多轴影响的各种途径;简单介绍了几种包含在MSC/FATIGUE中的疲劳寿命计算方法及其各自的特点;总结了MSC/FATIGUE系统的功能和特点,并给出了一个转向节疲劳分析例子。 | Heyes,PJ 林晓斌 | 1998 | 中国机械工程1998，9，11： | 48 |
| 2 | GRADE指南:Ⅵ.证据质量评价--不精确性(随机误差)显示文摘GRADE建议通过检查95%可信区间(CI)为决定不精确性的最佳方法。在指南实际运用中,如果CI的上、下限值代表了真实效应,而临床实际情况与之不符时,必须降低证据质量级别(即对效应估计值的把握度)。除外当效应值很大且可信区间提示效应稳健,而总样本量不大且事件数很少的情况,其他应考虑因不精确性而降低证据质量级别。作此决定时,可计算有足够检验效能的单个试验所需的病例数(定义为'最优信息样本量',即optimal information size,OIS)。对连续型变量,我们建议用类似方法,首先考虑可信区间上、下限值,再计算OIS。系统评价(SR)所需方法略有不同。如果95%CI不包括相对危险度(RR)为1,且总事件发生数或病例数超过OIS标准,则精确性良好。如果95%CI包括了明显获益或危害(我们建议以RR值<0.75或>1.25作粗标准),即使达到OIS要求,因不精确性而降低证据质量级别较恰当。 | Gordon Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Regina Kunz Jan Brozek Pablo Alonso-Coello David Rind PJ Devereaux Victor M.Montori Bo Freyschuss Gunn Vist Roman Jaeschke John W.Williams Jr. Mohammad Hassan Murad David Sinclairk Yngve Falck-Ytter Joerg Meerpohl Craig Whittington Kristian orlund Je Andrews Holger J.Schünemann 代表GRADE工作组 李幼平 王莉 陈尹 高霑 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，12： | 43 |
| 3 | Management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in the North of England: Pathology, treatment, and outcome显示文摘AIM: To assess the management and outcome of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin tumor) in a single tertiary referral center.METHODS: The notes of all patients with a diagnosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma referred to our unit for over an 8-year period were identified and retrospectively reviewed. Presentation, management and outcome were assessed.RESULTS: Seventy-five patients were identified. The median age was 64 years (range 34-84 years). Male to female ratio was 1:1. Eighty-nine percent of patients presented with jaundice. Most patients referred were under Bismuth classification 3a, 3b or 4. Seventy patients required biliary drainage, 65 patients required 152percutaneous drainage procedures, and 25 had other complications. Forty-one patients had 51 endoscopic drainage procedures performed (15 failed). Of these,36 subsequently required percutaneous drainage. The median number of drainage procedures for all patients was three, 18 patients underwent resection (24%), nine had major complications and three died post-operatively.The 5-year survival rate was 4.2% for all patients, 21%for resected patients and 0% for those who did not undergo resection (P = 0.0021). The median number of admissions after diagnosis in resected patients was two and three in non-resected patients (P<0.05).Twelve patients had external-beam radiotherapy, seven brachytherapy, and eight chemotherapy. There was no significant benefit in terms of survival (P = 0.46) or hospital admissions.CONCLUSION: Resection increases survival but carries the risk of significant morbidity and mortality.Percutaneous biliary drainage is almost always necessary and endoscopic drainage should be avoided if possible. | SD Mansfield O Barakat RM Charnley BC Jaques CB O'Suilleabhain PJ Atherton D Manas | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，48： | 37 |
| 4 | 预防性水化对造影剂肾病高风险患者肾功能的保护作用——前瞻、随机、对照、开放、平行、非劣效性3期临床试验显示文摘血管内的碘化造影剂有损害肾功能风险,特别是原来就有肾功能损伤的患者。60多年前人们已经发现造影剂能够诱发肾病或急性肾损伤,并且是住院患者急性肾损伤的第三大常见原因。造影剂肾病(contrast—induced nephropathy,CIN)的特征是:患者通常在接受静脉或动脉内碘化造影剂2~5d后出现肾功能下降。虽然CIN与住院患者的死亡率增加相关,但其通常可以自动痊愈,只有不到1%的病例发生临床相关后遗症。全球每年有超过7500万次血管内碘化剂造影,考虑到慢性肾脏病(CKD)患病率为8%~16%,每年估计有600~1200万例CKD患者可能面对血管内碘化剂造影的风险,需要接受预防治疗。 | 王建中 Nijssen EC Rennenberg RJ Nelemans PJ | 2017 | 中华肾病研究电子杂志2017，6，2： | 38 |
| 5 | 最新AD研究用诊断标准:IWG-2标准显示文摘在过去的8年中,国际工作组织(IWG)和美国国立老化研究院-阿尔茨海默协会(NIA-AA)建立了阿尔茨海默病(AD)诊断标准,它能更好地定义AD的临床表型,整合了生物标记物于诊断流程中,并覆盖了疾病的全程。本意见书充分地权衡了IWG标准的优缺点,建议改进诊断框架。依据这些改进,AD的诊断变得简单,只要有恰当的AD临床表型(典型或不典型)和与AD的病理相一致的病理生理学生物标志物出现。我们认为疾病的下游的定位性生物标志,如容积性磁共振成像(MRI)和氟脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射型计算机断层成像(FDG-PET)等,适合更好地测量和监测疾病过程。本文还详述了非典型性AD、混合性AD和AD临床前期的特异诊断标准。 | 陈刚 曹雯炜 俞羚 糜建华 Dubois B Feldman HH Jacova C Hampel H Molinuevo JL Blennow K DeK osky ST Gauthier S Selkoe D Bateman R Cappa S Crutch S Engelborghs S Frisoni GB Fox NC Galasko D Habert MO Jicha GA Nordberg A Pasquier F Rabinovici G Robert P Rowe C Salloway S Sarazin M Epelbaum S de Souza LC Vellas B Visser PJ Schneider L Stern Y Scheltens P Cummings JL | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 31 |
| 6 | 反流性食管炎中埃索美拉唑比奥美拉唑更能促进病变愈合和症状缓解显示文摘 | Kahrilas PJ Falk GW Johnson DA Schmitt C Collins DW Whipple J D’Amino D Hamelin B Joelsson B 钟捷 | 2002 | 中华消化杂志2002，22，11： | 19 |
| 7 | Factors determining delay in relaparotomy for anastomotic leakage after colorectal resection显示文摘AIM: To analyze the time interval ('delay') between the first occurrence of clinical parameters associated with anastomotic leakage after colorectal resection and subsequent relaparotomy. METHODS: In 36 out of 289 consecutive patients with colorectal anastomosis, leakage was confirmed at relaparotomy. The medical records of these patients were retrospectively analysed and type and time of appearance of clinical parameters suggestive of anastomotic leakage were recorded. These parameters included heart rate, body temperature, local or generalized peritoneal reaction, leucocytosis, ileus and delayed gastric emptying. Factors influencing delay of relaparotomy and consequences of delayed recognition and treatment were determined. RESULTS: First documentation of at least one of the predefined parameters for anastomotic leakage was after a median interval of 4 ± 1.7 d after the operation. The median number of days between first parameter(s) associated with leakage and relaparotomy was 3.5 ± 5.7 d. The time interval between the first signs of leakage and relaparotomy was significantly longer when a weekend was included (4.2 d vs 2.4 d, P = 0.021) or radiological evaluation proved to be false-negative (8.1 d vs 3.5 d, P = 0.007). No significant association between delay and number of additional relaparotomies, hospital stay or mortality could be demonstrated. CONCLUSION: An intervening weekend and negative diagnostic imaging reports may contribute to a delay in diagnosis and relaparotomy for anastomotic leakage. That delay was more than two days in two-thirds of the patients. | A Doeksen PJ Tanis BC Vrouenraets JJB Lanschot van WF Tets van | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，27： | 17 |
| 8 | 多轴疲劳寿命工程预测方法显示文摘介绍了一种预测受多轴交变载荷工程构件的低周疲劳寿命的方法。该方法以实测的应变计响应作为输入,通过一个循环塑性模型计算测量点的弹塑性应力应变分量,然后用多种多轴临界面疲劳损伤模型计算寿命。所发展的程序可处理一般的自由表面疲劳问题,它的应用通过分析一个典型的汽车零部件得到了说明。 | Heyes,PJ 林晓斌 | 1998 | 中国机械工程1998，9，11： | 15 |
| 9 | 血管紧张素Ⅱ诱导的高血压所引起的T淋巴细胞活化与血管炎症的中枢和外周机制显示文摘研究者先前就发现,T淋巴细胞对血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngiotensinⅡ,AngⅡ)诱导的高血压的发生发展是必需的,但是,高血压发生过程中的T细胞活化机制尚不明确。该文研究者探讨了中枢神经系统和血压升高在AngⅡ导致的T细胞活化与血管炎症中的作用。 | 张玲玉 叶鹏 Marvar PJ Thabet SR Guzik TJ Lob HE McCann LA Weyand C Gordon FJ Harrison DG | 2010 | 中华高血压杂志2010，18，12： | 15 |
| 10 | 天津市0-6岁儿童特应性皮炎患病率调查显示文摘目的了解天津市城市和农村0-6岁儿童特应性皮炎(AD)的患病率及患病因素。方法采取整群抽样方法,依据儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究协作组问卷,对天津市城市和农村0-6岁儿童进行问卷调查。结果本次调查涉及天津市城市和农村,收回问卷3749份,有效问卷3 708份,有41份因填写不规范而未被录入数据库进行统计学分析。城市应答率为84.9%,农村应答率为79.3%,总应答率为 82.7%。所调查人群的年龄在不同性别间及城市和农村间分布均衡。经过对调查资料的分析,儿童AD的患病率为2.9%,其中城市为3.5%,农村为2.4%,城市AD患病率高于农村(X2=3.98,P<0.05)。结论天津市AD的患病率为2.9%,城市AD患病率为3.5%,农村AD的患病率为2.4%。 | 曾三武 Coenraads PJ 汤乃军 纪黎明 高文新 奚丹 金京姬 魏文国 | 2006 | 中华皮肤科杂志2006，39，4： | 13 |
| 11 | 好莱坞霸权与民族电影显示文摘 | MM萨马蒂 PJ索特林 徐建生 | 2000 | 世界电影2000，，3： | 13 |
| 12 | 工程预测焊点疲劳寿命显示文摘介绍了一种预测焊点疲劳寿命的工程计算方法及其软件系统。这一方法用有限元中的刚性梁单元模拟焊核,用壳单元模拟连接板,求取通过梁单元传递的力和力矩;根据这些力和力矩计算焊核附近连接板和焊核周围的“结构应力”;然后通过一组以结构应力为控制参数的焊点S—N曲线估计焊点的疲劳损伤。描述了软件系统的框架和特点,用两个简单的例子说明这一方法的应用。结果表明,分析结果与试验结果相比有一定的保守性。 | Heyes,PJ 林晓斌 | 1998 | 中国机械工程1998，9，11： | 12 |
| 13 | Treatment of acute periprosthetic infections with prosthesis retention: Review of current concepts显示文摘Periprosthetic joint infection(PJI) is a devastating complication after total joint arthroplasty, occurring in approximately 1%-2% of all cases. With growing populations and increasing age, PJI will have a growing effect on health care costs. Many risk factors have been identified that increase the risk of developing PJI, including obesity, immune system deficiencies, malignancy, previous surgery of the same joint and longer operating time. Acute PJI occurs either postoperatively(4 wk to 3 mo after initial arthroplasty, depending on the classification system), or via hematogenous spreading after a period in which the prosthesis had functioned properly. Diagnosis and the choice of treatment are the cornerstones to success. Although different definitions for PJI have been used in the past, most are more or less similar and include the presence of a sinus tract, blood infection values, synovial white blood cell count, signs of infection on histopathological analysis and one ormore positive culture results. Debridement, antibiotics and implant retention(DAIR) is the primary treatment for acute PJI, and should be performed as soon as possible after the development of symptoms. Success rates differ, but most studies report success rates of around 60%-80%. Whether single or multiple debridement procedures are more successful remains unclear. The use of local antibiotics in addition to the administration of systemic antibiotic agents is also subject to debate, and its pro's and con's should be carefully considered. Systemic treatment, based on culture results, is of importance for all PJI treatments. Additionally, rifampin should be given in Staphylococcal PJIs, unless all foreign material is removed. The most important factors contributing to treatment failure are longer duration of symptoms, a longer time after initial arthroplasty, the need for more debridement procedures, the retention of exchangeable components, and PJI caused by Staphylococcus(aureus or coagulase negative). If DAIR treatment is unsuccessful, the following treatment option should be based on the patient health status and his or her expectations. For the best functional outcome, one- or two-stage revision should be performed after DAIR failure. In conclusion, DAIR is the obvious choice for treatment of acute PJI, with good success rates in selected patients. | Jesse WP Kuiper Robin Tjeenk Willink Dirk Jan F Moojen Michel PJ van den Bekerom Sascha Colen | 2014 | World Journal of Orthopedics2014，5，5： | 12 |
| 14 | Diagnosing syndesmotic instability in ankle fractures显示文摘The precise diagnosis of distal tibiofibular syndesmotic ligament injury is challenging and a distinction should be made between syndesmotic ligament disruption and real syndesmotic instability.This article summarizes the available evidence in the light of the author’s opinion.Pre-operative radiographic assessment,standard radiographs,computed tomography scanning and magnetic resonance imaging are of limited value in detecting syndesmotic instability in acute ankle fractures but can be helpful in planning.Intra-operative stress testing,in the sagittal,coronal or exorotation direction,is more reliable in the diagnosis of syndesmotic instability of rotational ankle fractures.The Hook or Cotton test is more reliable than the exorotation stress test.The lateral view is more reliable than the AP mortise view because of the larger displacement in this direction.When the Hook test is used the force should be applied in the sagittal direction.A force of 100 N applied to the fibula seems to be appropriate.In the case of an unstable joint requiring syndesmotic stabilisation,the tibiofibular clear space would exceed 5 mm on the lateral stress test.When the surgeon is able to perform an ankle arthroscopy this technique is useful to detect syndesmotic injury and can guide anatomic reduction of the syndesmosis.Many guidelines formulated in this article are based on biomechanical and cadaveric studies and clinical correlation has to be established. | Michel PJ van den Bekerom | 2011 | World Journal of Orthopedics2011，2，7： | 10 |
| 15 | 一种在表面形成Al_2O_3膜的新型耐热奥氏体不锈钢显示文摘一类以在材料表面形成Al2O3膜的奥氏体不锈钢(AFA)的开发正如火如荼地在全球展开。这类合金与传统的、在其表面形成Cr2O3膜的不锈钢相比,在不牺牲其成本、蠕变抗力和可焊性等其它性能的同时具有更高的使用温度和更好的耐环境侵蚀能力。作者简要介绍了该合金的开发方法和其抗氧化和蠕变抗力方面的数据。 | BRADY MP YAMAMOTO Y MAZIASZ PJ SANTELLA ML 韦习成 | 2008 | 自然杂志2008，30，4： | 10 |
| 16 | Current concepts in the management of radial head fractures显示文摘Fracture of the radial head is a common injury. Over the last decades, the radial head is increasingly recognized as an important stabilizer of the elbow. In order to maintain stability of the injured elbow, goals of treatment of radial head fractures have become more and more towards restoring function and stability of the elbow. As treatment strategies have changed over the years, with an increasing amount of literature on this subject, the purpose of this article was to provide an overview of current concepts of the management of radial head fractures. | Iza?k F Kodde Laurens Kaas Mark Flipsen Michel PJ van den Bekerom Denise Eygendaal | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，11： | 9 |
| 17 | Glutamate reduces experimental intestinal hyperpermeability and facilitates glutamine support of gut integrity显示文摘AIM:To assess whether glutamate plays a similar role to glutamine in preserving gut wall integrity.METHODS:The effects of glutamine and glutamate on induced hyperpermeability in intestinal cell lines were studied.Paracellular hyperpermeability was induced in Caco2.BBE and HT-29CL.19A cell lines by adding phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate(PDB) apically,after which the effects of glutamine and glutamate on horseradish peroxidase(HRP) diffusion were studied.An inhibitor of glutamate transport(L-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid:trans-PDC) and an irreversible blocker(acivicin) of the extracellular glutamine to glutamate converting enzyme,γ-glutamyltransferase,were used.RESULTS:Apical to basolateral HRP flux increased significantly compared to controls not exposed to PDB (n=30,P<0.001).Glutamine application reduced hyperpermeability by 19%and 39%in the respective cell lines.Glutamate application reduced hyperpermeability by 30%and 20%,respectively.Incubation of HT29CL.19A cells with acivicin and subsequent PDB and glutamine addition increased permeability levels.Incubation of Caco2.BBE cells with trans-PDC followed by PDB and glutamate addition also resulted in high permeability levels.CONCLUSION:Apical glutamate-similar to glutaminecan decrease induced paracellular hyperpermeability.Extracellular conversion of glutamine to glutamate and subsequent uptake of glutamate could be a pivotal step in the mechanism underlying the protective effect of glutamine. | Mechteld AR Vermeulen Jeffrey de Jong Mathijs J Vaessen Paul AM van Leeuwen Alexander PJ Houdijk | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，12： | 9 |
| 18 | 非诺贝特治疗与2型糖尿病患者长期心血管病风险的关系显示文摘2型糖尿病患者心血管病风险高,部分原因在于高三酰甘油和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症。而在他汀类药物治疗基础上,加强降低三酰甘油治疗,能否降低这种风险尚不清楚。该研究的目的是在使用他汀类药物治疗的2型糖尿病患者中,确定非诺贝特能否降低心血管病风险。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Elam MB Ginsberg HN Lovato LC Corson M Largay J Leiter LA Lopez C O'Connor PJ Sweeney ME Weiss D Friedewald WT Buse JB Gerstein HC Probstfield J Grimm R Ismail-Beigi F Goff DC Jr Fleg JL Rosenberg Y Byington RP ACCORDION study investigators | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，6： | 7 |
| 19 | 多普勒信号分析技术的比较研究显示文摘有好几种信号处理技术被应用于超声多普勒信号的分析.为了在平均频率估计的准确性和频谱展宽检测的敏感性上对各种方法加以优化,并比较这些不同处理方法的性能,该文研究了短时快速傅立叶交换、快速傅立叶变换结合平稳性提高的方法、改进的协方差估计法以及包括伪Wigner-Ville分布和Choi-Williams分布的时间-频率分析方法.通过模拟实验,得出了时间-频率分析方法可适用于多普勒信号的分析,参数估计方法和快速傅立叶变换结合平稳性提高的方法也有较好的分析性能.同时发现,当使用短时快速傅立叶变换分析多普勒信号时,以选用10ms的Hanning窗较为合适. | 汪源源 Fish,PJ | 1996 | 复旦学报(自然科学版)1996，35，1： | 7 |
| 20 | Surgical strategies for giant medial sphenoid wing meningiomas: a new scoring system for predicting extent of resection显示文摘BACKGROUND: Surgical management of giant medial sphenoid meningiomas (> or =5 cm in maximum dimension) is ex-tremely challenging due to their intimate relationship with vital neural structures like the optic nerve, cranial nerves of | Behari S Giri PJ Shukla D Jain VK Banerji D | 2008 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2008，6，3： | 7 |
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