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| 1 | Embryonic stem cells generated by nuclear transfer of human somatic nuclei into rabbit oocytes显示文摘To solve the problem of immune incompatibility, nuclear transplantation has been envisaged as a means to produce cells or tissues for human autologous transplantation. Here we have derived embryonic stem cells by the transfer of human somatic nuclei into rabbit oocytes. The number of blastocysts that developed from the fused nuclear transfer was comparable among nuclear donors at ages of 5, 42, 52 and 60 years, and nuclear transfer (NT) embryonic stem cells (ntES cells) were subsequently derived from each of the four age groups. These results suggest that human somatic nuclei can form ntES cells independent of the age of the donor. The derived ntES cells are human based on karyotype, isogenicity, in situ hybridization, PGR and immunocytochemistry with probes that distinguish between the various species. The ntES cells maintain the capability of sustained growth in an undifferentiated state, and form embryoid bodies, which, on further induction, give rise to cell types such as neuron and muscle, as well as mixed cell populations that express markers representative of all three germ layers. Thus, ntES cells derived from human somatic cells by NT to rabbit eggs retain phenotypes similar to those of conventional human ES cells, including the ability to undergo multilineage cellular differentiation. | YINGCHEN ZHIXuHE AILIANLIU KAIWANG WENWEIMAO JIANKINCHU YONGLU ZHENGFUFANG YINGTANGSHI QINGZHANGYANG DAYUANCHEN MINKANGWANG JINSONGLI SHAOLIANGHUANG XIANGYINKONG YAOZHOUSHI ZHIQIANGWANG JIAHuIXIA ZHIGAOLONG ZHIGANGXUE WENXIANGDING HUIZHENSHENG | 2003 | Cell Research2003，13，4： | 56 |
| 2 | Ginsenoside Rg1 reduces MPTP-induced substantia nigra neuron loss by suppressing oxidative stress显示文摘Aim: To investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg 1, an effective ingredient from ginsenoside, on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced substantia nigra neuron lesion. Methods: C57-BL mice were given MPTP to prepare Parkinson disease mice model. Different doses of Rg1 (5, 10, and 20mg·kg^-1·d^-1) or N-acetylcystein (NAC) (300mg·kg^-1·d^-1) were given 3 d prior to MPTP in the pretreatment groups. Glutathione (GSH) level and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in substantia nigra were determined by spectrophotometry. Nissl staining, tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining, and TUNEL labeling were used to observe the damage and apoptosis of nigral neurons. Western blot analysis was used to detect the phospho-JNK and phospho-c-Jun levels in midbrain homogenates. Results: Pretreatments of C57-BL mice with different doses of Rgl or NAC were found to protect against MPTP-induced substantia nigra neurons loss. Rgl or NAC prevented GSH reduction and T-SOD activation in substantia nigra, and attenuated the phosphorylations of JNK and c-Jun following MPTP treatment. Conclusion: The antioxidant property of Rgl along with the blocking of JNK signaling cascade might contribute to the neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rgl against MPTP. | Xiao-chunCHEN Yi-canZHOU YingCHEN Yuan-guiZHU FangFANG Li-minCHEN | 2005 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2005，26，1： | 38 |
| 3 | Anti-cancer effects of COX-2 inhibitors and their correlation wit angiogenesis and invasion in gastric cancer显示文摘AIM- To observe the anti-cancer effects of COX-2 inhibitors and investigate the relationship between COX-2 inhibitors and angiogenesis, infiltration or metastasis in SGC7901 cancer xenografts.METHODS: Thirty athymic mice xenograft models with human stomach cancer cell SGC7901 were established and divided randomly into 3 groups of 10 each. Sulindac, one non-specific COX inhibitor belonging to non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (a series of COX inhibitors known as NSAIDs) and celecoxib, one selective COX-2 inhibitor (known as SCIs) were orally administered to mice of treatment groups. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of PCNA, CD44v6 and microvessel density (MVD).Apoptosis was detected by using TUNEL assay.RESULTS: Tumors in sulindac and celecoxib groups were significantly smaller than those in control group from the second week after drug administration (P<0.01). In treatment group, the cell proliferation index was lower (P<0.05) and apoptosis index was higher (P<0.05) than those in control groups. Compared with the controls,microvessel density was reduced (P<0.01) and expression of CD44v6 on tumor cells was weakened (P<0.05) in treatment groups.CONCLUSION: COX-2 inhibitors have anticancer effects on gastric cancer. They play important roles in angiogenesis and infiltration or metastasis of stomach carcinoma. The anticancer effects of COX-2 inhibitors may include inducing apoptosis, suppressing proliferation, reducing angiogenesis and weakening invasiveness. | Suo-LinFu Yun-LinWu Yong-PingZhang Min-MinQiao YingChen | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，13： | 22 |
| 4 | Binding characteristics of perylene, phenanthrene and anthracene to different DOM fractions from lake water显示文摘Six hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions were isolated using XAD-8 and XAD-4 resins, and were extensively characterized. Partition coefficients of perylene, phenanthrene and anthracene binding to the six fractions were determined by fluorescence quenching titration. The Kdoc values obtained for the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) binding to the hydrophobic fractions were larger than those to the hydrophilic fractions. Nonlinear Stern-Volmer plots were observed when binding phenanthrene and anthracene to some hydrophilic fraction samples, suggesting saturation of polar interaction binding sites. A significant correlation of logKdoc values with molecular weights and molar absorptivities at 280 nm was observed, while atomic ratio of C/H was found to be a poor indicator for aromaticity. Other structural descriptors such as paraffinic carbon and polarity influenced the DOM-fraction ability to bind PAHs. Different interaction mechanisms underlying binding of the different fractions to the PAHs were also discussed. | MEI Yi WU Fengchang WANG Liying BAI Yingchen LI Wen LIAO Haiqing | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，4： | 16 |
| 5 | Implantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for ischemic stroke: perspectives and challenges显示文摘Ischemic 击是经常导致严重地影响生活的质量的许多不利神经病学的复杂并发症的焦点的服的侮辱。击的流行在全世界正在增加,当当前的药理学治疗的功效仍然保持不清楚时。作为 neuroregenerative 治疗,间充质的干细胞(hUC-MSCs ) 显示出的人的脐的绳索的培植恢复的大可能性在击以后工作。这篇评论文章在 ischemic 击的处理提供 hUC-MSCs 培植的一个更改角色。与唯一抑制免疫力并且 immunoprivilege 性质, hUC-MSCs 被劝是 allogeneic 房间处理的一个重要候选人。不过,大多数处理仍然在主要舞台并且不临床上在当前的时间可行。几个不明确的问题例如文化条件, allograft 拒绝,和潜在的 tumorigenicity,是在这细胞的治疗的 choke 点。在 hUC-MSCs 培植能被用作习惯性地应用的临床的治疗以前,更现出症状之前的潜的研究和临床的研究被需要。 | Yingchen Li Guoheng Hu Qilai Chen | 2015 | Frontiers of Medicine2015，9，1： | 10 |
| 6 | Fluorescence regional integration and differential fluorescence spectroscopy for analysis of structural characteristics and proton binding properties of fulvic acid sub-fractions显示文摘Structural characteristics and proton binding properties of sub-fractions(FA3–FA13) of fulvic acid(FA), eluted stepwise by pyrophosphate buffer were examined by use of fluorescence titration combined with fluorescence regional integration(FRI) and differential fluorescence spectroscopy(DFS). Humic-like(H-L) and fulvic-like(F-L) materials, which accounted for more than 80% of fluorescence response, were dominant in five sub-fractions of FA. Based on FRI analysis, except the response of F-L materials in FA9 and FA13, maximum changes in percent fluorescence response were less than 10% as pH was increased from 2.5 to 11.5.Contents of carboxylic and phenolic groups were compared for fluorescence peaks of FA sub-fractions based on pH-dependent fluorescence derived from DFS. Static quenching was the dominant mechanism for binding of protons by FA sub-fractions. Dissociation constants(p Ka) were calculated by use of results of DFS and the modified Stern-Volmer relationship. The p Kaof H-L, F-L, tryptophan-like and tyrosine-like materials of FA subfractions exhibited ranges of 3.17–4.06, 3.12–3.97, 4.14–4.45 and 4.25–4.76, respectively, for acidic pHs. At basic pHs, values of p Ka for corresponding materials were in ranges of 9.71–10.24, 9.62–10.99, 9.67–10.31 and 9.33–10.28, respectively. At acidic pH, protein-like(P-L)materials had greater affinities for protons than did either H-L or F-L materials. The dicarboxylic and phenolic groups were likely predominant sites of protonation for both H-L and F-L materials at both acidic and basic pHs. Amino acid groups were significant factors during proton binding to protein-like materials of FA sub-fractions at basic pH. | Fanhao Song Fengchang Wu Weiying Feng Zhi Tang John P.Giesy Fei Guo Di Shi Xiaofei Liu Ning Qin Baoshan Xing Yingchen Bai | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，12： | 9 |
| 7 | Relationship between fluorescence characteristics and molecular weight distribution of natural dissolved organic matter in Lake Hongfeng and Lake Baihua,China显示文摘Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is one of the most interesting and difficult problems in recent years due to its important functions in the ecological and environmental system and the complexity of its chemical composition and structure. It is well ac- cepted that fluorescence characteristics and mo- lecular weight distribution are two important pa- rameters in the DOM characterization. However, the relationship between them is still unknown. In this study, fluorescence and molecular weight distribution of DOM in Lake Hongfeng, Lake Baihua and their rivers, and their relationship were investigated using the combination of fluorescence spectroscopy and high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) with on-line UV absorbance and fluores- cence detectors. The results show that there were two obvious humic-like fluorescence peaks (Peaks A and B) in DOM from lake water. But there was an- other obvious protein-like fluorescence peak (Peak C) in DOM from river water. The humic-like fluorescence material consisted of DOM fraction with smaller mo- lecular weight, ranging from 1.0 to 3.0 kDa, while the protein-like fluorescence material mainly consisted of DOM fraction with MW larger than 2.0 kDa. The cal- culation of MW using HPSEC was related to the UV absorbance wavelength chosen. | YUE Lanxiu WU Fengchang LiU Congqiang LI Wen FU Pingqing BAI Yingchen WANG Liying YIN Zuoying Lü Zhicheng | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，1： | 9 |
| 8 | Pathobiological significance of vascular endothelial growth factor and Maspin expressions in human gastric carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To investigate the correlation between expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cell differentiation, invasion, metastasis and Maspin expression in gastric carcinoma.METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 73 cases of gastric carcinoma were studied with SP immunohistochemistry, using anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, and thirty-nine of them were studied using antiMaspin monoclonal antibody. VEGF expression was compared with the clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and Borrmann's and WHO's classification of gastric carcinoma.RESULTS: The positive rate of VEGF expression was significantly higher in adjacent non-carcinoma epithelia (ANCE) than in non-metaplastic, non-carcinoma gastric epithelia (NMNCE), which were at least 4 cm distant from the primary tumor (P = 0.000, x^2= 73.03). The positive rate of VEGF expression was significantly higher in advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC) than in early gastric carcinoma (EGC) (P = 0.032, x^2 = 4.62). The positive rate of VEGF expression in gastric carcinomas with lymph node metastases was significantly higher than that in those without metastasis (P = 0.006, x^2 = 7.47). Maspin was weakly expressed in 16 out of 39 cases of NMNCE, and the positive immunoreaction was limited to gland cells of the stomach body. There was no significant correlation between the expression of VEGF and histological or gross classifications, and correlation between the expressions of VEGF and Maspin in gastric carcinoma (P = 0.648, x^2 = 0.21).CONCLUSION: Expression of VEGF is significantly correlated to the malignant biological behaviors of gastric carcinoma,but there is no significant correlation between the expression of VEGF and Maspin. | Jian-JunLi YingChen Su-MinZhang Dong-YingWu Yan-PingWang YanXin | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，18： | 7 |
| 9 | Parallel Dispatch:A New Paradigm of Electrical Power System Dispatch显示文摘Modern power systems are evolving into sociotechnical systems with massive complexity, whose real-time operation and dispatch go beyond human capability. Thus,the need for developing and applying new intelligent power system dispatch tools are of great practical significance. In this paper, we introduce the overall business model of power system dispatch, the top level design approach of an intelligent dispatch system, and the parallel intelligent technology with its dispatch applications. We expect that a new dispatch paradigm,namely the parallel dispatch, can be established by incorporating various intelligent technologies, especially the parallel intelligent technology, to enable secure operation of complex power grids,extend system operators' capabilities, suggest optimal dispatch strategies, and to provide decision-making recommendations according to power system operational goals. | Jun Jason Zhang Fei-Yue Wang Qiang Wang Dazhi Hao Xiaojing Yang David Wenzhong Gao Xiangyang Zhao Yingchen Zhang | 2018 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2018，5，1： | 5 |
| 10 | New insights on the enhanced non-hydroxyl radical contribution under copper promoted TiO_(2)/GO for the photodegradation of tetracycline hydrochloride显示文摘TiO_(2)/graphene oxide(GO)as photocatalyst in the photo-degradation of multitudinous pollutants has been extensively studied.But its low photocatalytic efficiency is attributed to the high band gap energy which lead to low light utilization.Cu-TiO_(2)/GO was synthesized via the impregnation methods to enhance the catalytic performance.The Cu-TiO_(2)/GO reaction rate constant for photo-degradation of pollutants(tetracycline hydrochloride,TC)was about 1.4 times that of TiO_(2)/GO.In 90 min,the removal ratio of Cu-TiO_(2)/GO for TC was 98%,and the maximum degradation ratio occurred at p H 5.After five cycles,the removal ratio of Cu-Ti O_(2)/GO still exceeded 98%.UV-visible adsorption spectra of Cu-Ti O_(2)/GO showed that its band gap was narrower than TiO_(2)/GO.Electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)spectra test illustrated the generation rate of·O_(2)^(-)and·OH was higher in Cu-TiO_(2)/GO system than TiO_(2)/GO and TiO_(2) system.The contribution sequence of oxidative species was·O_(2)^(-)>holes(h+)>·OH in both TiO_(2)/GO and Cu-Ti O_(2)/GO system.Interestingly,the contribution of·OH in Cu-TiO_(2)/GO was less than that in TiO_(2)/GO during the photo-degradation process.This phenomenon was attributed to the better adsorption performance of Cu-Ti O_(2)/GO which could reduce the accessibility of TC to·OH in liquid.The enhanced non-hydroxyl radical contribution could be attributed to that the more other active species or sites on(nearby)the surface of Cu-TiO_(2)/GO generated after doping Cu.These results provide a new perspective for the tradition metal-doped conventional catalysts to enhance the removal of organic pollutants in the environment. | Sijia Qian Shengyan Pu Ying Zhang Peng Wang Yingchen Bai Bo Lai | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，2： | 4 |
| 11 | Human embryonic stem cell lines derived from the Chinese population显示文摘Six human embryonic stem cell lines were established from surplus blastocysts. The cell lines expressed alkaline phosphatase and molecules typical of primate embryonic stem cells, including Oct-4, Nanog, TDGF1, Sox2, EBAF, Thy-1, FGF4, Rex-1, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60 and TRA-1-81. Five of the six lines formed embryoid bodies that expressed markers of a variety of cell types; four of them formed teratomas with tissue types representative of all three embryonic germ layers. These human embryonic stem cells are capable of producing clones of undifferentiated morphology, and one of them was propagated to become a subline. Human embryonic stem cell lines from the Chinese population should facilitate stem cell research and may be valuable in studies of population genetics and ecology. | ZhenFuFANG FanJIN HuiGAI YingCHEN LiWU AiLianLIU BinCHEN HuiZhenSHENG | 2005 | Cell Research2005，15，5： | 4 |
| 12 | Regulation of shear stress on rolling behaviors of HL-60 cells on P-selectin显示文摘Circulating leukocytes in trafficking to the inflammatory sites, will be first tether to, and then roll on the vascular surface. This event is mediated through specific interaction of P-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1(PSGL-1), and regulated by hemodynamics. Poor data were reported in understanding P-selectin-mediated rolling. With the flow chamber technique, we herein observed HL-60 cell rolling on P-selectin with or without 3% Ficoll at various wall shear stresses from 0.05 to 0.4 dyn/cm2. The results demonstrated that force rather than transport regulated the rolling, similar to rolling on L- and E-selectin. The rolling was accelerated quickly by an increasing force below the optimal shear threshold of 0.15 dyn/cm2 first and then followed by a slowly decelerating phase starting at the optimum, showing a catch-slip transition and serving as a mechanism for the rolling. The catch-slip transition was completely reflected to the tether lifetime and other rolling parameters, such as the mean and fractional stop time. The narrow catch bond regime stabilized the rolling quickly, through steeply increasing fractional stop time to a plateau of about 0.85. Data presented here suggest that the low shear stress threshold serves as a mechanism for most cell rolling events through P-selectin. | LING YingChen FANG Ying YANG XiaoFang LI QuHuan LIN QinYong WU JianHua | 2014 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2014，57，10： | 4 |
| 13 | Force-dependent calcium signaling and its pathway of human neutrophils on P-selectin in flow显示文摘P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1 ) 的 P-selectin 约会引起传播白血球滚动在上并且遵守脉管的表面,并且调停细胞内部的钙流动,为在坚定地的随后的逮捕并且移居进感染的一个关键却不清楚的事件或受伤织物。用一种平行的板流动房间技术和细胞内部的钙离子察觉者(Fluo-4 AM ) ,当在各种各样的墙的 chemokines 不在时的使不能调动的 P-selectin 上的坚定地粘住的 neutrophils 的细胞内部的钙流动砍压力被荧光显微镜学在实时这里调查。结果示威了,力量被触发,提高并且加快并且,使不能调动的 P-selectin 上的 neutrophils 爆炸的细胞质的钙 PSGL-1 的那个 P-selectin 约会在流动导致了坚定地粘住的 neutrophils 的细胞内部的钙流动,增加集中提高了细胞的钙发信号的 P-selectin。发信号的这 P-selectin-induced 钙应该来自细胞内部的钙版本而非细胞外的钙流入,并且沿着包含细胞骨架, moesin 和怒气酷氨酸 kinase (Syk ) 的 mechano 化学的信号小径。这些结果为 P-selectin-induced 钙在流动发信号 neutrophils 提供新奇卓见进 mechano 化学的规定机制。 | Bing Huang Yingchen Ling Jiangguo Lin Xin Du Ying Fang Jianhua Wu | 2017 | Protein & Cell2017，8，2： | 3 |
| 14 | Ultraviolet absorbance titration for the determination of conditional stability constants of Hg(Ⅱ) and dissolved organic matter显示文摘Strong interaction between natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) and Hg(Ⅱ) may influence the trans- port, conversion, toxicity and bio-validity of mercury in the environment. In this paper ultraviolet (UV) absorbance titration was employed for the first time for the determination of the conditional stability constants of Hg(Ⅱ) and (DOM). With increasing Hg(Ⅱ) concentrations, the UV absorbance of fulvic acid, humic acid, and DOM in river increases progressively. By linear and non-linear model fitting, the conditional stability constants (lgK) of Hg(Ⅱ) and DOM were worked out to be 3.54?4.93 and 3.64?4.85, respectively. The results are consistent with those acquired by the typical fluorescence quenching titration method, with the maximum relative error of lgK being 2.6% and the average relative error being 0.2%. The UV absorbance titration method has the advantages of rapid determination, simple performance, and it will probably become a new approach to studying interactions between DOM and trace metallic ions. | BAI Yingchen WU Fengchang WAN Guojing LIU Congqiang FU Pingqing LI Wen | 2008 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2008，27，1： | 3 |
| 15 | Plasmonic silver/silver oxide nanoparticles anchored bismuth vanadate as a novel visible-light ternary photocatalyst for degrading pharmaceutical micropollutants显示文摘The degradation of pharmaceutical micropollutants is an intensifying environmental problem and synthesis of efficient photocatalysts for this purpose is one of the foremost challenges worldwide.Therefore,this study was conducted to develop novel plasmonic Ag/Ag2O/BiVO4 nanocomposite photocatalysts by simple precipitation and thermal decomposition methods,which could exhibit higher photocatalytic activity for mineralized pharmaceutical micropollutants.Among the different treatments,the best performance was observed for the Ag/Ag2O/BiVO4 nanocomposites (5 wt.%;10 min’s visible light irradiation)which exhibited 6.57 times higher photodegradation rate than the pure BiVO4.Further,the effects of different influencing factors on the photodegradation system of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) were investigated and the feasibility for its practical application was explored through the specific light sources,water source and cycle experiments.The mechanistic study demonstrated that the photogenerated holes (h^+),superoxide radicals (·O2^-)and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) participated in TC-HCl removal process,which is different from the pure BiVO4 reaction system.Hence,the present work can provide a new approach for the formation of novel plasmonic photocatalysts with high photoactivity and can act as effective practical application for environmental remediation. | Shengyan Pu Zeng Yang Jing Tang Hui Ma Shengyang Xue Yingchen Bai | 2020 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2020，32，10： | 3 |
| 16 | Simulated photo-degradation of dissolved organic matter in lakes revealed by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix with regional integration and parallel factor analysis显示文摘Simulated photo-degradation of fluorescent dissolved organic matter(FDOM) in Lake Baihua(BH) and Lake Hongfeng(HF) was investigated with three-dimensional excitationemission matrix(3 DEEM) fluorescence combined with the fluorescence regional integration(FRI),parallel factor(PARAFAC) analysis,and multi-order kinetic models.In the FRI analysis,fulvic-like and humic-like materials were the main constituents for both BH-FDOM and HF-FDOM.Four individual components were identified by use of PARAFAC analysis as humic-like components(C1),fulvic-like components(C2),protein-like components(C3) and unidentified components(C4).The maximum 3 DEEM fluorescence intensity of PARAFAC components C1-C3 decreased by about 60%,70% and 90%,respectively after photo-degradation.The multi-order kinetic model was acceptable to represent the photo-degradation of FDOM with correlation coefficient(Radj2)(0.963-0.998).The photo-degradation rate constants(kn) showed differences of three orders of magnitude,from 1.09 × 10-6 to 4.02 × 10-4 min-1,and half-life of multi-order model(T1/2n)ranged from 5.26 to 64.01 min.The decreased values of fluorescence index(FI) and biogenic index(BI),the fact that of percent fluorescence response parameter of Region I(PⅠ,n) showed the greatest change ratio,followed by percent fluorescence response parameter of Region II(PⅡ,n,while the largest decrease ratio was found for C3 components,and the lowest T1/2n was observed for C3,indicated preferential degradation of protein-like materials/components derived from biological sources during photodegradation.This research on the degradation of FDOM by 3 DEEM/FRI-PARAFAC would be beneficial to understanding the photo-degradation of FD OM in natural environments and accurately predicting the environmental behaviors of contaminants in the presence of FDOM. | Jin Zhang Fanhao Song Tingting Li Kefu Xie Huiying Yao Baoshan Xing Zhongyu Li Yingchen Bai | 2020 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2020，32，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Three decades of changes in water environment of a large freshwater Lake and its relationship with socio-economic indicators显示文摘Tai Lake(Ch: Taihu) has attracted international attention forcyanobacteria blooms.However, the drivers of cultural eutrophication, especially long-term socio-economic indicators have been little researched. The results of research demonstrate how socioeconomic development affected quality of water and how it has been improved by anthropogenic activities. This study described variability in indicators of water quality in Tai Lakeand investigated thedrivers. Significant relationships existed between concentrations of annual mean total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorous(TP), chemical oxygen demand(COD) and biological oxygen demand(BOD), and population, per capital gross domestic production(GDP) and sewage discharge(p < 0.05). However, mechanisms causing change varied among TN, TP, COD and BOD. Before 2000, the main contributors to increases in concentrations of TN were human population, GDP and volumes of domestic sewage discharges. After 2000, discharges of industrial sewage become the primary contributor. After 1998, the regressions of annual mean TN, TP and COD on per capital GDP, population and domestic sewage discharge were reversed compared to the former period. Since 1999, an apparent inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental pollution and economic development has developed, which indicated that actions taken by governments have markedly improved quality of water in Tai Lake. The statistical relationship between BOD and per capital GDP didn't conform to the Kuznet curve. The Ushaped Kuznet curve may offer hope for the future that with significant environmental investments a high GDP can be reached and maintained without degradation of the environment, especially through appropriate management of industrial sewage discharge. | Cuicui Li Weiying Feng Fanhao Song Zhongqi He Fengchang Wu Yuanrong Zhu John P.Giesy Yingchen Bai | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，3： | 3 |
| 18 | Extraction Technology of Total Flavonoids from Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi and Content Determination of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi at Different Altitudes显示文摘[Objectives]To optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids from Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi. [Methods]The ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of total flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi. With the puerarin as index,the reflux extraction and single factor test were employed to investigate the effects of temperature,time,ethanol concentration and solid-liquid ratio on the content of total flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi,respectively. Under the optimal extraction technology,the content of total flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi at different altitudes was determined.[Results] The optimum extraction process was as follows: 70%ethanol; solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30; 1 h reflux extraction. Under these conditions,the extraction rate of flavonoids in Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi was 11. 48%,the total flavonoids content of different kudzu parts was in the order of roots > stems > leaves,and the total flavonoids content of the sample at about an altitude of 1000 m was significantly higher than at the altitudes of 1400 m and 1700 m.[Conclusions]It was suggested that the Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi should not be cultivated as medicinal plant in too high mountains,and the stems and leaves of Pueraria lobata( Willd.) Ohwi could be used as raw materials for extracting total flavonoids. | Chunlin LIU Yingchen LI Bochao LI Yuan LIU | 2017 | Medicinal Plant2017，8，2： | 2 |
| 19 | Social Energy:Mining Energy From the Society显示文摘The inherent nature of energy,i.e.,physicality,sociality and informatization,implies the inevitable and intensive interaction between energy systems and social systems.From this perspective,we define 'social energy' as a complex sociotechnical system of energy systems,social systems and the derived artificial virtual systems which characterize the intense intersystem and intra-system interactions.The recent advancement in intelligent technology,including artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies,sensing and communication in Internet of Things technologies,and massive high performance computing and extreme-scale data analytics technologies,enables the possibility of substantial advancement in socio-technical system optimization,scheduling,control and management.In this paper,we provide a discussion on the nature of energy,and then propose the concept and intention of social energy systems for electrical power.A general methodology of establishing and investigating social energy is proposed,which is based on the ACP approach,i.e., 'artificial systems'(A), 'computational experiments'(C) and 'parallel execution'(P),and parallel system methodology.A case study on the University of Denver(DU) campus grid is provided and studied to demonstrate the social energy concept.In the concluding remarks,we discuss the technical pathway,in both social and nature sciences,to social energy,and our vision on its future. | Jun Jason Zhang David Wenzhong Gao Yingchen Zhang Xiao Wang Xiangyang Zhao Dongliang Duan Xiaoxiao Dai Jun Hao Fei-Yue Wang | 2017 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2017，4，3： | 2 |
| 20 | Aerodynamic inverse design optimization for turbine cascades based on control theory显示文摘Based on control theory,adjoint system for the general problem of turbomachinery aerodynamic optimization was studied and developed in the present paper by using the variation technique in the grid node coordinates combined with Jacobian Matrics of flow fluxes.Then the adjoint system for aerodynamic design optimization of turbine cascade governed by compressible Navier-Stokes equations was derived in detail.With the purpose of saving computation resources,the mathematic method presented in this paper avoids the coordinate system transforming in the traditional derivation process of the adjoint system and makes the adjoint system much more sententious.Given the general expression of objective functions consisting of both boundary integral and field integral,the adjoint equations and their boundary conditions were derived,and the final expression of the objective function gradient including only boundary integrals was formulated to reduce the CPU cost,especially for the complex 3D configurations.The adjoint system was solved numerically by using the finite volume method with an explicit 5-step Runge-Kutta scheme and Riemann approximate solution of Roe's scheme combined with multi-grid technique and local time step to accelerate the convergence procedure.Finally,based on the aerodynamic optimization theory in the present work,2D and 3D inviscid and viscous inverse design programs of axial turbomachinery cascade for both pressure distribution and isentropic Mach number distribution on the blade wall were developed,and several design optimization cases were performed successfully to demonstrate the ability and economy of the present optimization system. | FENG ZhenPing LI HaiTao SONG LiMing LI YingChen | 2013 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2013，56，2： | 2 |
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