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| 1 | Terrestrial carbon sinks in China and around the world and their contribution to carbon neutrality显示文摘Enhancing the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink(referred to as terrestrial C sink) is an important way to slow down the continuous increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentration and to achieve carbon neutrality target.To better understand the characteristics of terrestrial C sinks and their contribution to carbon neutrality,this review summarizes major progress in terrestrial C budget researches during the past decades,clarifies spatial patterns and drivers of terrestrial C sources and sinks in China and around the world,and examines the role of terrestrial C sinks in achieving carbon neutrality target.According to recent studies,the global terrestrial C sink has been increasing from a source of (-0.2±0.9) Pg C yr^(-1)(1 Pg=1015g)in the 1960s to a sink of (1.9±1.1) Pg C yr^(-1) in the 2010s.By synthesizing the published data,we estimate terrestrial C sink of 0.20–0.25 Pg C yr^(-1) in China during the past decades,and predict it to be 0.15–0.52 Pg C yr^(-1) by 2060.The terrestrial C sinks are mainly located in the mid-and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,while tropical regions act as a weak C sink or source.The C balance differs much among ecosystem types:forest is the major C sink;shrubland,wetland and farmland soil act as C sinks;and whether the grassland functions as C sink or source remains unclear.Desert might be a C sink,but the magnitude and the associated mechanisms are still controversial.Elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,nitrogen deposition,climate change,and land cover change are the main drivers of terrestrial C sinks,while other factors such as fires and aerosols would also affect ecosystem C balance.The driving factors of terrestrial C sink differ among regions.Elevated CO_(2) concentration and climate change are major drivers of the C sinks in North America and Europe,while afforestation and ecological restoration are additionally important forcing factors of terrestrial C sinks in China.For future studies,we recommend the necessity for intensive and long-term ecosystem C monitoring over broad geographic scale to improve terrestrial biosphere models for accurately evaluating terrestrial C budget and its dynamics under various climate change and policy scenarios. | Yuanhe Yang Yue Shi Wenjuan Sun Jinfeng Chang Jianxiao Zhu Leiyi Chen Xin Wang Yanpei Guo Hongtu Zhang Lingfei Yu Shuqing Zhao Kang Xu Jiangling Zhu Haihua Shen Yuanyuan Wang Yunfeng Peng Xia Zhao Xiangping Wang Huifeng Hu Shiping Chen Mei Huang Xuefa Wen Shaopeng Wang Biao Zhu Shuli Niu Zhiyao Tang Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，5： | 32 |
| 2 | The C_2H_2 -type Zinc Finger Protein ZFP182 is Involved in Abscisic Acid-Induced Antioxidant Defense in Rice显示文摘C2H2 -type zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) are thought to play important roles in modulating the responses of plants to drought, salinity and oxidative stress. However, direct evidence is lacking for the involvement of these ZFPs in abscisic acid (ABA)-induced antioxidant defense in plants. In this study, the role of the rice (Oryza sativa L. sub. japonica cv. Nipponbare) C 2 H 2 -type ZFP ZFP182 in ABA-induced antioxidant defense and the relationship between ZFP182 and two rice MAPKs, OsMPK1 and OsMPK5 in ABA signaling were investigated. ABA treatment induced the increases in the expression of ZFP182, OsMPK1 and OsMPK5, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in rice leaves. The transient gene expression analysis and the transient RNA interference (RNAi) analysis in protoplasts showed that ZFP182, OsMPK1 and OsMPK5 are involved in ABA-induced up-regulation in the activities of SOD and APX. Besides, OsMPK1 and OsMPK5 were shown to be required for the up-regulation in the expression of ZFP182 in ABA signaling, but ZFP182 did not mediate the ABA-induced up-regulation in the expression of OsMPK1 and OsMPK5. These results indicate that ZFP182 is required for ABA-induced antioxidant defense and the expression of ZFP182 is regulated by rice MAPKs in ABA signaling. | Hong Zhang Lan Ni Yanpei Liu Yunfei Wang Aying Zhang Mingpu Tan Mingyi Jiang | 2012 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2012，54，7： | 23 |
| 3 | Rare earth element and yttrium compositions of the Paleoproterozoic Yuanjiacun BIF in the Lüliang area and their implications for the Great Oxidation Event(GOE)显示文摘In China, most Precambrian banded iron formations(BIFs) are situated in the North China Craton. The Yuanjiacun iron deposit, located in the Lüliang area, is arguably the most representative Superior-type BIF. This iron deposit is coherent with the sedimentary rock succession of the Yuanjiacun Formation in the lower Lüliang Group, and was interpreted to be deposited at 2.3–2.1 Ga, based on ages of overlying and underlying volcanic strata. This age overlaps with the time range of the Great Oxidation Event(GOE, 2.4–2.2 Ga). The Yuanjiacun BIF consists mainly of subhedral-xenomorphic magnetite and quartz and rarely other minerals with a lower degree of metamorphism, from greenschist to lower amphibolite facies. The geochemical characteristics of this BIF are similar to those of Superior-type BIFs. Prominent positive La, Y, and Eu anomalies normalized by the Post Archean Australian Shale(PAAS) indicate that the primary chemical precipitate is a result of solutions that represent mixtures of seawater and high-T hydrothermal fluids. The contamination from crustal detritus found is negligible based on low abundances of Al2O3 and TiO2(<0.5%) and of trace elements such as Th, Hf, Zr, and Sc(<1.5 ppm), as well as the lack of co-variations between Al2O3 and TiO2. In particular, the Yuanjiacun BIF samples do not display significant negative Ce anomalies like those of the Archean iron formations, but rather, the Yuanjiacun BIF samples exhibit prominent positive Ce anomalies, low Y/Ho ratios, and high light to heavy REE((Pr/Yb)SN) ratios, which are essentially consistent with the late Paleoproterozoic(<2.0 Ga) BIFs around the world. These characteristics of the Yuanjiacun BIF samples imply that the ancient ocean(2.3–2.1 Ga) was redox-stratified from oxic shallow water to deeper anoxic water. The specific redox conditions of the ancient ocean may be related to the GOE, which gave rise to the oxidation of Ce and Mn in the upper water, and to the presence of a Mn oxide shuttle in the ocean, resulting in varying REE patterns due to the precipitation and dissolution of this Mn oxide shuttle under different redox states. Therefore, the Yuanjiacun BIF appears to have formed near the redoxcline and lower-level reduced marine water. | WANG ChangLe ZHANG LianChang LAN CaiYun DAI YanPei | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，10： | 13 |
| 4 | The Early Jurassic magmatism in northern Guangdong Province, southeastern China: Constraints from SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating of Xialan complex显示文摘This paper reports SHRIMP zircon U-Pb ages of 196±2 Ma for granite, and 195±1 Ma for gabbro from the Xialan complex in the Meizhou area, northern Guangdong Province. These results shed new light on the calm stage of magmatic activity in southeastern China during 200-180 Ma, and revealed that the back-arc extension induced by the subduction of the western Pacific plate may have begun at 195 Ma at least. Field observation on the fresh outcrops allows us to recognize some features formed by magma mixing. A part of the gabbro has a fine-grained rim of 20-30 cm at the margin, and thins gradually to-ward the granite; numerous dark fine-grained to microcrystalline dioritic enclaves developed in the granite. These enclaves vary in shape and size, dark minerals concentrated at the margin of enclaves, and the contact between enclaves and host rock is either obvious or obscure, or gradational. In addi-tion, needle-shaped apatites are included in the enclaves. The REE patterns of gabbros, as well as the trace element patterns, are generally consistent with those of granitic rocks. The above characters further suggest that in the Early Jurassic the injection of basic magma had melted deep continental crust and produced acidic magma, and the Xialan complex was produced by the mixing of them. | YU XinQi DI YongJun WU GanGuo ZHANG Da ZHENG Yong DAI YanPei | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，4： | 12 |
| 5 | Photocatalytic degradation kinetics and mechanism of pentachlorophenol based on superoxide radicals显示文摘The micron grade multi-metal oxide bismuth silicate (Bi 12 SiO 20,BSO) was prepared by the chemical solution decomposition technique.Photocatalytic degradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) was investigated in the presence of BSO under xenon lamp irradiation.The reaction kinetics followed pseudo first-order and the degradation ratio achieved 99.1% after 120 min at an initial PCP concentration of 2.0 mg/L.The pH decreased from 6.2 to 4.6 and the dechlorination ratio was 68.4% after 120 min at an initial PCP concentration of 8.0 mg/L.The results of electron spin resonance showed that superoxide radical (O 2 · ) was largely responsible for the photocatalytic degradation of PCP.Interestingly,this result was different from that of previous photocatalytic reactions where valence band holes or hydroxyl radicals played the role of major oxidants.Some aromatic compounds and aliphatic carboxylic acids were determined by GC/MS as the reaction intermediates,which indicated that O 2 · can attack the bond between the carbon and chlorine atoms to form less chlorinated aromatic compounds.The aromatic compounds were further oxidized by O 2 · to generate aliphatic carboxylic acids which can be finally mineralized to CO 2 and H 2 O. | Yang Li Junfeng Niu Lifeng Yin Wenlong Wang Yueping Bao Jing Chen Yanpei Duan | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，11： | 9 |
| 6 | Phytoplankton composition and its ecological effect in subsurface cold pool of the northern Bering Sea in summer as revealed by HPLC derived pigment signatures显示文摘CHEMTAX analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) pigment was conducted to study phytoplankton community structure in the northern Bering Sea shelf, where a seasonal subsurface cold pool emerges. The results showed that fucoxanthin(Fuco) and chlorophyll a(Chl a) were the most abundant diagnostic pigments, with the integrated water column values ranging from 141 to 2 160 μg/m2 and 477 to 5 535 μg/m2, respectively. Moreover, a diatom bloom was identified at Sta. BB06 with the standing stock of Fuco up to 9 214 μg/m3. The results of CHEMTAX suggested that the phytoplankton community in the northern Bering Sea shelf was dominated by diatoms and chrysophytes with an average relative contribution to Chl a of 80% and 12%, respectively, followed by chlorophytes, dinoflagellates, and cryptophytes. Diatoms were the absolutely dominant algae in the subsurface cold pool with a relative contribution exceeding 90%, while the contribution of chrysophytes was generally higher in oligotrophic upper water. Additionally, the presence of a cold pool would tend to favor accumulation of diatom biomass and a bloom that occurred beneath the halocline would be beneficial to organic matter sinks, which suggests that a large part of the phytoplankton biomass would settle to the seabed and support a rich benthic biomass. | ZHUANG Yanpei JIN Haiyan LI Hongliang CHEN Jianfang WANG Bin CHEN Fajin BAI Youcheng LU Yong TIAN Shichao | 2014 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2014，33，6： | 7 |
| 7 | Composition of algal pigments in surface freshen layer after ice melt in the central Arctic显示文摘Seasonal meltwater input creates a thin freshen layer in surface seawater under ice,which largely shifts the algae assemblages.Our recent observation of photosynthetic pigments in the high Arctic showed that ice bottom and 5m of seawater under ice contained relatively high concentration of fucoxanthin,while chlorophyll b and lutein were the major diagnostic pigments in ice-water interface and 0 m of seawater under ice.Additionally,a notable change of dominant phytoplankton occurred in the top 5 m of seawater under ice,from chlorophytes-dominated at surface to diatoms-dominated at 5 m depth,which might attribute to the sharp salinity gradient(salinity from12.5 to 28.1) in the surface seawater under ice.Our results imply that phytoplankton community in surface layer under ice would become more chlorophytes in the future warming Arctic Ocean. | ZHUANG Yanpei JIN Haiyan GU Fan ZHANG Yang BAI Youcheng JI Zhongqiang LU Yong CHEN lianfang | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，8： | 6 |
| 8 | Combinatorial Invariants on Planar Graphs | Liu Yanpei Institute of Applied Mathematics Academia Sinica Beijing, 100080 China | 1995 | Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series1995，11，2： | 6 |
| 9 | The genus of a type of graph显示文摘Based on the joint tree model introduced by Liu, the genera of further types of graphs not necessary to have certain symmetry can be obtained. In this paper, we obtain the genus of a new type of graph with weak symmetry. As a corollary, the genus of complete tripartite graph K n,n,l (l≥n≥2) is also derived. The method used here is more direct than those methods, such as current graph, used to calculate the genus of a graph and can be realized in polynomial time. | SHAO ZeLing 1 & LIU YanPei 21 Department of Mathematics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China 2 Department of Mathematics, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China | 2010 | Science China Mathematics2010，53，2： | 4 |
| 10 | Flow Boiling of Ammonia in a Diamond-Made MicroChannel Heat Sink for High Heat Flux Hotspots显示文摘To solve the heat dissipation problem of electronic devices with high heat flux hotspots,a diamond microchannel heat sink consisting of 37 parallel triangular microchannels with channel lengths of 45 mm and hydraulic diameters of 280|im was designed.The flow boiling heat transfer characteristics of ammonia in the microchannels were investigated under high heat fluxes of 473.9-1000.4 W/cm^2.Saturated flow boiling experiments with saturation temperatures of 25℃,30℃,and 35℃ and mass fluxes of 98-1200 kg/m^2s were conducted,as well as subcooled flow boiling with inlet subcooling of 5℃ as a comparison.The temperature and pressure drop measurements were analyzed.The main conclusions below can be drawn.(1)At a given heat flux,the heat source temperature first decreased and then increased with the mass flux,and there existed an optimum mass flux to optimize the cooling performance of the heat sink.(2)The heat transfer performance under the saturated inlet condition was obviously better than that under the subcooled inlet condition.(3)A larger saturation temperature leaded to weakening of both the heat transfer capacity and the stability of the microchannel heat sink.Notably,with the high heat diffusion ability of the diamond substrate and the great heat transfer capacity of ammonia flow boiling in microchannels,the heat sink can achieve a heat removal capacity of up to 1000.4 W/cm^2. | YANG Qi MIAO Jianyin ZHAO Jingquan HUANG Yanpei FU Weichun SHEN Xiaobin | 2020 | Journal of Thermal Science2020，29，5： | 4 |
| 11 | Nitrate δ^(15)N and δ^(18)O evidence for active biological transformation in the Changjiang Estuary and the adjacent East China Sea显示文摘The Changjiang Estuary has been considered as one of the most polluted estuaries in the world due to high nitrate (NO-3) input, especially in spring and summer. In this study, δ15N and δ18O of NO-3 , along with other chemical parameters in this area, were measured in spring to evaluate NO-3 biogeochemical processes. A simple two end-members mixing model was used to examine the relative contribution of the Changjiang River Diluted Water and marine water to NO-3 sources in the Changjiang Estuary and the adjacent East China Sea. The isotopic signals show that NO-3 behaved relatively and conservatively in Transect F and Transect P where assimilation was weak possibly due to vertical mixing, while active assimilation and weak nitrification occurred in Transect D. Spatial difference in assimilation was indicated by the~1:1 enrichment of δ15N and δ18O in the three transects, while spatial difference in nitrification was reflected by deviations of δ15 N and δ18O from assimilation line. Our results suggest that the input of the Changjiang River Diluted Water promoted NO-3 assimilation possibly by stratifying the water column which favored the phytoplankton growth. | CHEN Fajin CHEN Jianfang JIA Guodong JIN Haiyan XU Jie YANG Zhi ZHUANG Yanpei LIU Xizhen ZHANG Haisheng | 2013 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2013，32，4： | 4 |
| 12 | Response of nutrients and the surface phytoplankton community to ice melting in the central Arctic Ocean显示文摘During the fourth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition cruise in summer 2010, a time-series observation was carried out to examine the response of nutrients and phytoplankton community in the ice-water interface to the ice melting ice in the central Arctic Ocean. Phosphate and silicate in the ice-water interface were rich relative to dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), based on the Redfield ratio (16N:1P:16Si), suggesting that DIN was the potential limiting nutrient. DIN concentrations in the sea ice were about 3-4 times that in the surface seawater, indicating that melting ice delivered DIN to the surface water. Pigment analysis showed that fucoxanthin and chlorophyll a contribute to carotenoids and chlorophylls in particles. The mean concentrations of chlorophyll c,diatoxanthin, diadinoxanthin and fucoxanthin from 15 August to 18 August were 6 μgm-3, 22 μgm-3, 73 μgm-3 and 922 μg·m-3, respectively, suggesting that diatoms dominated in the phytoplankton community composition.Furthermore, a notable enhancement in fucoxanthin and chlorophyll a during a large-scale ice melting was likely attributed to senescent diatoms released from the bottom sea-ice as well as phytoplankton diatoms growth in the water column due to the input of nutrients (i.e., DIN) and reducing light limitation from melting ice. Temporal distribution patterns of prasinoxanthin and lutein differed from fucoxanthin, indicating that the response of green algae and diatoms to ice melting were different. | ZHUANG Yanpei JIN Haiyan CHEN Jianfang WANG Bin LI Hongliang CHEN Fajin LU Yong XU Jie | 2011 | Advances in Polar Science2011，22，4： | 4 |
| 13 | 中国第9次北极考察概述显示文摘中国第9次北极考察航次于2018年7月20日至9月26日执行,在白令海、楚科奇海、楚科奇海台、门捷列夫海岭和加拿大海盆开展了物理海洋、海洋气象、海冰、海洋化学、海洋生物、海洋生态、地质和地球物理等多学科综合考察。本文对中国第9次北极考察取得的主要成果进行了概述。 | WEI Zexun CHEN Hongxia LEI Ruibo YU Xiaoguo ZHANG Tao LIN Lina TIAN Zhongxiang ZHUANG Yanpei LI Tao YUAN Zhuoli | 2020 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2020，13，1： | 4 |
| 14 | A Polyhedral Theory on Graphs | Liu Yanpei Institute of Applied Mathematics Academia Sinica Beijing, 100080 China | 1994 | Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series1994，10，2： | 4 |
| 15 | Antimicrobial activity of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes: an in vitro study of clinical isolates from a hospital in Shanghai, China显示文摘 | Ying Ma Nanxue Zhang Shi Wu Haihui Huang Yanpei Cao | 2016 | Frontiers of Medicine2016，10，4： | 3 |
| 16 | The genus polynomials of cross-ladder digraphs in orientable surfaces显示文摘Some results about the genus distributions of graphs are known,but little is known about those of digraphs.In this paper,the method of joint trees initiated by Liu is generalized to compute the embedding genus distributions of digraphs in orientable surfaces.The genus polynomials for a new kind of 4-regular digraphs called the cross-ladders in orientable surfaces are obtained.These results are close to solving the third problem given by Bonnington et al. | HAO RongXia LIU YanPei | 2008 | Science China Mathematics2008，51，5： | 3 |
| 17 | ‘GM‐gene‐deletor’: fused loxP‐FRT recognition sequences dramatically improve the efficiency of FLP or CRE recombinase on transgene excision from pollen and seed of tobacco plants显示文摘 | KemingLuo HuiDuan DegangZhao XuelianZheng WeiDeng YongqinChen C. NealStewart RichardMcAvoy XiangningJiang YanhongWu AigongHe YanPei YiLi | 2007 | Plant Biotechnology Journal2007，，2： | 3 |
| 18 | Response of phytoplankton community to different water types in the western Arctic Ocean surface water based on pigment analysis in summer 2008显示文摘Nutrients and photosynthesis pigments were investigated in the western Arctic Ocean during the 3rd Chinese Arctic Research Expedition Cruise in summer 2008.The study area was divided into five provinces using the Kmeans clustering method based on the physical and chemical characteristics of the sea water,and to discuss the distribution of the phytoplankton community structure in these provinces.CHEMTAX software was performed using HPLC pigments to estimate the contributions of eight algal classes to the total chlorophyll a(TChl a).The results showed that on the Chukchi Shelf,the Pacific Ocean inflow mainly controlled the Chl a biomass and phytoplankton communities by nutrient concentrations.The high nutrient Anadyr Water and Bering Shelf Water(An W and BSW) controlled region have high Chl a levels and the diatom dominated community structure.In contrast,in the region occupied by low-nutrient like Alaska Coastal Water(ACW),the Chl a biomass was low,with pico-and nano-phytoplankton as dominated species,such as prasinophytes,chrysophytes and cryptophytes.However,over the off-shelf,the ice cover condition which would affect the physical and nutrient concentrations of the water masses,in consequence had a greater impact on the phytoplankton community structure.Diatom dominated in ice cover region and its contribution to Chl a biomass was up to 75%.In the region close to the Mendeleev Abyssal Plain(MAP),controlled by sea-ice melt water with relatively high salinity(MW-HS),higher nutrient and Chl a concentrations were found and the phytoplankton was dominated by pico-and nano-algae,while the diatom abundance reduced to 33%.In the southern Canada Basin,an ice-free basin(IfB) with the lowest nutrient concentrations and most freshened surface water,low Chl a biomass was a consequence of low nutrients.The ice retreating and a prolonged period of open ocean may not be beneficial to the carbon export efficiency due to reducing the Chl a biomass or intriguing smaller size algae growth. | JIN Haiyan ZHUANG Yanpei LI Hongliang CHEN lianfang GAO Shengquan JI Zhongqiang ZHANG Yang | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，8： | 2 |
| 19 | Constitutive model for high temperature deformation of titanium alloys using internal state variables显示文摘 | Jiao Luo Miaoquan Li Xiaoli Li Yanpei Shi | 2010 | Mechanics of Materials2010，，2： | 2 |
| 20 | Up-embeddability via girth and the degree-sum of adjacent vertices显示文摘Let G be a simple graph of order n and girth g. For any two adjacent vertices u and v of G, if dG(u) + dG(v) n-g + 5 then G is up-embeddable. In the case of 2-edge-connected (resp. 3-edge-connected) graph, G is up-embeddable if dG(u) + dG(v) n-2g + 3 (resp. dG(u) + dG(v) n-2g-5) for any two adjacent vertices u and v of G. Furthermore, the above three lower bounds are all shown to be tight. | DONG GuangHua LIU YanPei | 2009 | Science China Mathematics2009，52，3： | 2 |
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