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| 1 | Gastroenteric tube feeding: Techniques, problems and solutions显示文摘Gastroenteric tube feeding plays a major role in the management of patients with poor voluntary intake,chronic neurological or mechanical dysphagia or gut dysfunction,and patients who are critically ill.However,despite the benefits and widespread use of enteral tube feeding,some patients experience complications.This review aims to discuss and compare current knowledge regarding the clinical application of enteral tube feeding,together with associated complications and special aspects.We conducted an extensive literature search on PubMed,Embase and Medline using index terms relating to enteral access,enteral feeding/nutrition,tube feeding,percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/jejunostomy,endoscopic nasoenteric tube,nasogastric tube,and refeeding syndrome.The literature showed common routes of enteral access to include nasoenteral tube,gastrostomy and jejunostomy,while complications fall into four major categories:mechanical,e.g.,tube blockage or removal;gastrointestinal,e.g.,diarrhea;infectious e.g.,aspiration pneumonia,tube site infection;and metabolic,e.g.,refeeding syndrome,hyperglycemia.Although the type and frequency of complications arising from tube feeding vary considerably according to the chosen access route,gastrointestinal complications are without doubt the most common.Complications associated with enteral tube feeding can be reduced by careful observance of guidelines,including those related to food composition,administration rate,portion size,food temperature and patient supervision. | Irina Blumenstein Yogesh M Shastri Jürgen Stein | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，26： | 63 |
| 2 | Chronic Liver Failure-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment is better than the Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of Liver criteria for defining acute-on-chronic liver failure and predicting outcome显示文摘AIM:To compare the utility of the Chronic Liver FailureSequential Organ Failure Assessment(CLIF-SOFA)and Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of Liver(APASL)definitions of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)in predicting short-term prognosis of patients with ACLF.METHODS:Consecutive patients of cirrhosis with acute decompensation were prospectively included.They were grouped into ACLF and no ACLF groups as per CLIF-SOFA and APASL criteria.Patients were followed up for 3 mo from inclusion or mortality whichever was earlier.Mortality at 28-d and 90-d was compared between no ACLF and ACLF groups as per both criteria.Mortality was also compared between different grades of ACLF as per CLIF-SOFA criteria.Prognostic scores like CLIF-SOFA,Acute Physiology and ChronicHealth Evaluation(APACHE)-Ⅱ,Child-Pugh and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)scores were evaluated for their ability to predict 28-d mortality using area under receiver operating curves(AUROC).RESULTS:Of 50 patients,38 had ACLF as per CLIFSOFA and 19 as per APASL criteria.Males(86%)were predominant,alcoholic liver disease(68%)was the most common etiology of cirrhosis,sepsis(66%)was the most common cause of acute decompensation while infection(66%)was the most common precipitant of acute decompensation.The 28-d mortality in no ACLF and ACLF groups was 8.3%and 47.4%(P=0.018)as per CLIF-SOFA and 39%and 37%(P=0.895)as per APASL criteria.The 28-d mortality in patients with no ACLF(n=12),ACLF grade 1(n=11),ACLF grade 2(n=14)and ACLF grade 3(n=13)as per CLIF-SOFA criteria was 8.3%,18.2%,42.9%and76.9%(χ2 for trend,P=0.002)and 90-d mortality was 16.7%,27.3%,78.6%and 100%(χ2 for trend,P<0.0001)respectively.Patients with prior decompensation had similar 28-d and 90-d mortality(39.3%and 53.6%)as patients without prior decompensation(36.4%and 63.6%)(P=NS).AUROCs for 28-d mortality were 0.795,0.787,0.739 and 0.710 for CLIF-SOFA,APACHE-Ⅱ,Child-Pugh and MELD scores respectively.On multivariate analysis of these scores,CLIF-SOFA was the only significant independent predictor of mortality with an odds ratio 1.538(95%CI:1.078-2.194).CONCLUSION:CLIF-SOFA criteria is better than APASL criteria to classify patients into ACLF based on their prognosis.CLIF-SOFA score is the best predictor of short-term mortality. | Radha K Dhiman Swastik Agrawal Tarana Gupta Ajay Duseja Yogesh Chawla | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，40： | 26 |
| 3 | Recent advances in chemical modifications of graphene显示文摘Graphene 由于它的非凡的结构、机械、电子的性质吸引了化学家,物理学家,和材料科学家的兴趣。当太古的 graphene 为要求高电的传导性的应用是合乎需要的时,许多另外的应用要求修改或 graphene 的 functionalized 形式例如 graphene 氧化物,减少了 graphene,或另外的 functionalized 形式。通过化学 functionalization 修改 graphene 的在结构上为调节它的结构揭示众多的可能性;几个化学、物理的 functionalization 方法被探索了改进 graphene 的稳定和修正。在这评论,我们向 graphene 的化学修正报导最近的进步,包括共有原子价和 noncovalent 方法,为在各种各样的应用的使用。 | Sunil P. Lonkar Yogesh S. Deshmukh Ahmed A. Abdala | 2015 | Nano Research2015，8，4： | 24 |
| 4 | All-optical active THz metasurfaces for ultrafast polarization switching and dynamic beam splitting显示文摘Miniaturized ultrafast switchable optical components with an extremely compact size and a high-speed response will be the core of next-generation all-optical devices instead of traditional integrated circuits,which are approaching the bottleneck of Moore’s Law.Metasurfaces have emerged as fascinating subwavelength flat optical components and devices for light focusing and holography applications.However,these devices exhibit a severe limitation due to their natural passive response.Here we introduce an active hybrid metasurface integrated with patterned semiconductor inclusions for all-optical active control of terahertz waves.Ultrafast modulation of polarization states and the beam splitting ratio are experimentally demonstrated on a time scale of 667 ps.This scheme of hybrid metasurfaces could also be extended to the design of various free-space all-optical active devices,such as varifocal planar lenses,switchable vector beam generators,and components for holography in ultrafast imaging,display,and high-fidelity terahertz wireless communication systems. | Longqing Cong Yogesh Kumar Srivastava Huifang Zhang Xueqian Zhang Jiaguang Han Ranjan Singh | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 15 |
| 5 | Immunology of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is primarily a malignancy of the liver, advancing from a damaged, cirrhotic liver to HCC. Globally, HCC is the sixth most prevalent cancer and the third-most prevalent reason for neoplastic disease-related deaths. A diverse array of infiltrating immunocytes regulates the development and progression of HCC, as is the case in many other cancers. An understanding of the various immune components during HCC becomes necessary so that novel therapeutic strategies can be designed to combat the disease. A dysregulated immune system(including changes in the number and/or function of immune cells, cytokine levels, and the expression of inhibitory receptors or their ligands) plays a key role in the development of HCC. Alterations in either the innate or adaptive arm of the immune system and cross-talk between them make the immune system tolerant to tumors, leading to disease progression. In this review, we have discussed the status and roles of various immune effector cells(e.g., dendritic cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and T cells), their cytokine profile, and the chemokine-receptor axis in promoting or impeding HCC. | Meenakshi Sachdeva Yogesh K Chawla Sunil K Arora | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，17： | 14 |
| 6 | Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in Asian Indians is neither associated with iron overload nor with HFE gene mutations显示文摘AIM: The pathogenesis of occurrence of liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is not completely understood. Other than insulin resistance, iron abnormalities have been thought to be one of the triggering factors. Therefore, our aim was to study the role of iron abnormalities and HFE gene mutations in patients with NASH.METHODS: Thirty-one patients of NASH diagnosed on the basis of clinical examination biochemistry, ultrasonography and liver biopsy (n = 14) were included in the study. Serum iron parameters (n = 23) (iron, ferritin, total iron-binding capacity and transferrin saturation), Peris' iron staining on liver biopsies (n = 14) and HFE gene mutations (C282Y and H63D) (n = 16) were studied in these patients. The association between iron staining, necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis stage on liver biopsies was also determined.RESULTS: Elevated serum iron, ferritin and transferrin saturation above 55% were observed in 4.3% of patients.On histology, 71% of the patients had negative iron staining,21.4% had 1+ staining, 7.2% had 2+ staining and none had 3+ or 4+ staining. There was no association between the degree of iron staining and necroinflammatory activity (P = 0.55) and fibrosis stage (P = 0.09) on histology. None of the patients had C282Y HFE gene mutation and four patients (25%) were found to be heterozygotes for H63D gene mutation.CONCLUSION: Our study does not favor iron overload and HFE gene mutations as major factors in the pathogenesis of NASH in Asian Indians. | Ajay Duseja Reena Das Mohit Nanda Ashim Das Gurjeewan Garewal Yogesh Chawla | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，3： | 9 |
| 7 | Anti-HBc screening in Indian blood donors:Still an unresolved issue显示文摘AIM:To study the seroprevalence of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) in healthy blood donors negative for HBsAg and to evaluate whether anti-HBc detection could be adopted in India as a screening assay for HBV in addition to HBsAg. METHODS: A total of 1700 serum samples collected from HBsAg-negative healthy blood donors were tested for the presence of anti-HBc antibody (IgM + IgG). All samples reactive for anti-HBc antibody were then investigated for presence of anti-HBs and for liver function tests (LFTs). One hundred serum samples reactive for anti-HBc were tested for HBV DNA by PCR method. RESULTS: Out of 1700 samples tested, 142 (8.4%) blood samples were found to be reactive for anti-HBc. It was signif icantly lower in voluntary (6.9%) as compared to replacement donors (10.4%, P = 0.011). Seventy- two (50.7%) anti-HBc reactive samples were also reactive for anti-HBs with levels > 10 mIU/mL and 70 (49.3%) samples were non-reactive for anti-HBs, these units were labeled as anti-HBc-only. These 142 anti-HBc reactive units were also tested for liver function test. HBV DNA was detected in only 1 of 100 samples tested. CONCLUSION: Keeping in view that 8%-18% of donor population in India is anti-HBc reactive, inclusion of anti- HBc testing will lead to high discard rate. Anti-HBs as proposed previously does not seem to predict clearance of the virus. Cost effectiveness of introducing universalanti-HBc screening and discarding large number of blood units versus considering ID NAT (Individual donor nuclic acid testing) needs to be assessed. | Hari Krishan Dhawan Neelam Marwaha Ratti Ram Sharma Yogesh Chawla Beenu Thakral Karan Saluja Sanjeev Kumar Sharma Manish K Thakur Ashish Jain | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，34： | 8 |
| 8 | Chemical Protein Synthesis by Native Chemical Ligation and Variations Thereof显示文摘For a long time,the total synthesis of proteins was considered as a 'mission impossible' because of the tedious and complex synthetic steps and demanding purification processes.However,with the development of modern synthetic methodologies,many protein syntheses have now been reported.More importantly,through chemical synthesis,desired modifications can be installed to target proteins precisely,which is a major advantage over trad卜tional bio-synthesis approaches.This review summarizes the techniques developed for protein assembly,including native chemical ligation,5e-mediated ligation,and a range of other ligation methods. . | Siyao Wang Yogesh Abaso Thopate Qingqing Zhou Ping Wang | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2019，37，11： | 7 |
| 9 | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease may not be a severe disease at presentation among Asian Indians显示文摘瞄准:与非含酒精的脂肝疾病(NAFLD ) 评估病人的临床、生物化学的侧面并且在表示估计他们的组织学的严厉。方法:介绍给所有印度的肝诊所的连续病人与提起的 transaminases 医学科学(AIIMS ) 开创到乘正常的上面的限制的至少 1.5,并且组织学地证实的非酒精的脂肝疾病被包括。或谁有重要白酒吸入或另外的肝疾病的积极标记的病人正在服知道生产脂肝的药被排除。这个组的临床、生物化学、组织学的侧面被学习。结果:有 NAFLD 的 51 个病人形成了学习人口。他们的中部的年龄和 BMI 是 34 (17-58 ) 年并且 26.7 (21.3-32.5 ) kg/m (2 ) 分别地并且(90.1%) 46 是男性。病人的多数有温和发炎,也分级 1 [32 (63%)] 或等级 2 [16 (31%)] 并且仅仅 3 (6%) 病人们有严重(等级 3 ) 发炎。23 (45%) , 19 (37%) , 8 (16%) 并且 1 (2%) 病人有 0, 1, 2 和 3 纤维变性分别地在索引活体检视和没有上有的舞台肝硬化。在 univariate 分析上,甘油三酸酯铺平超过 150 mg %( 或 = 7.1;95% CI:1.6-31.5, P = 0.002 ) 并且著名计算机生产厂商 / 中高音 ratio>1 (或 = 14.3;95% CI:1.4-678.5, P = 0.008 ) 与发炎的高等级被联系,任何一个都没与先进纤维变性被联系。在上多变量逻辑回归分析, hypertriglyceridemia >150 mg% 是独立地与发炎的高等级的存在联系的唯一的因素(或 = 1.6;95% CI:1.3-22.7, P = 0.02 ) ,当任何一个都没与先进纤维变性被联系时。甘油三酸酯层次与煽动性的等级断然相关(r = 0.412;P = 0.003 ) 。结论:在诺思印第安人病人的 NAFLD 是年轻超重男性,其中大多数是抵抗的胰岛素的疾病,他们趋于在表示有温和组织学的疾病。 | Kaushal Madan Yogesh Batra S Datta Gupta Bal Chander K D Anand Rajan M S Tewatia S K Panda S K Acharya | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，21： | 7 |
| 10 | Contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography for assessment of lymph node metastases in pancreatobiliary carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To assess the usefulness of contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography(CH-EUS) for lymph node metastasis in pancreatobiliary carcinoma.METHODS: All patients suspected of pancreatobiliary carcinoma with visible lymph nodes after standard EUS between June, 2009 and January, 2012 were enrolled.In the primary analysis, patients with successful EUSfine needle aspiration(FNA) were included. The lymph nodes were assessed by several standard EUS variables(short and long axis lengths, shape, edge characteristic and echogenicity), color Doppler EUS variable [central intranodal blood vessel(CIV) presence] and CH-EUS variable(heterogeneous/homogeneous enhancement patterns). The diagnostic accuracy relative to EUSFNA was calculated. In the second analysis, N-stage diagnostic accuracy of CH-EUS was compared with EUS-FNA in patients who underwent surgical resection.RESULTS: One hundred and nine patients(143 lymph nodes) fulfilled the criteria. The short axis cutoff ≥ 13 mm predicted malignancy with a sensitivity and specificity of 72% and 85%, respectively. These values were 72% and 63% for the long axis cut-off ≥ 20 mm, 62% and 75% for the round shape variable, 81% and 30% for the sharp edge variable, 66% and 61% for the hypoechogenicity variable, 70% and 72% for the CIV-absent variable, and 83% and 91% for the heterogeneous CH-EUS-enhancement variable, respectively. CH-EUS was more accurate than standard and color Doppler EUS, except the short axis cut-off. Notably, three patients excluded because of EUS-FNA failure were correctly N-staged by CH-EUS.CONCLUSION: CH-EUS complements standard and color Doppler EUS and EUS-FNA for assessment of lymph node metastases. | Takeshi Miyata Masayuki Kitano Shunsuke Omoto Kumpei Kadosaka Ken Kamata Hajime Imai Hiroki Sakamoto Naoshi Nisida Yogesh Harwani Takamichi Murakami Yoshifumi Takeyama Yasutaka Chiba Masatoshi Kudo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，12： | 7 |
| 11 | Genetic polymorphism in CD14 gene, a co-receptor of TLR4 associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM To evaluate the pathogenic role of toll-like receptor(TLR) gene polymorphisms in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS Two hundred and fifty subjects(NAFLD = 200, healthy volunteers = 50) underwent polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism to assess one polymorphism in the toll-like receptor 2(TLR2) gene(A753G), two polymorphisms in the TLR4 gene(TLR4 Asp299 Gly and Thr399 Ile allele), and two polymorphisms in the cluster of differentiation 14(CD14)(C-159 T and C-550T) gene, a co-receptor of TLR4. Association of TLR gene polymorphisms with NAFLD and its severity was evaluated by genetic models of association.RESULTS On both multiplicative and recessive models of gene polymorphism association, there was significant association of CD14 C(-159) T polymorphism with NAFLD; patients with TT genotype had a 2.6 fold increased risk of developing NAFLD in comparison to CC genotype. There was no association of TLR2 Arg753 Gln, TLR4 Asp299 Gly, Thr399 Ile, and CD14 C(-550) T polymorphisms with NAFLD. None of the TLR gene polymorphisms had an association with histological severity of NAFLD.CONCLUSION Patients with CD14 C(-159) T gene polymorphism, a co-receptor of TLR4, have an increased risk of NAFLD development. | Shweta Kapil Ajay Duseja Bal Krishan Sharma Bhupesh Singla Anuradha Chakraborti Ashim Das Pallab Ray Radha K Dhiman Yogesh Chawla | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，42： | 7 |
| 12 | A fully electronic microfabricated gas chromatograph with complementary capacitive detectors for indoor pollutants显示文摘This paper reports a complete micro gas chromatography(μGC)system in which all the components are lithographically microfabricated and electronically interfaced.The components include a bi-directional Knudsen pump,a preconcentrator,separation columns and a pair of capacitive gas detectors;together,these form the iGC3.c2 system.All the fluidic components of the system are fabricated by a common three-mask lithographic process.The Knudsen pump is a thermomolecular pump that provides air flow to theμGC without any moving parts.The film heaters embedded in the separation columns permit temperature programming.The capacitive detectors provide complementary response patterns,enhancing vapor recognition and resolving coeluting peaks.With the components assembled on printed circuit boards,the system has a footprint of 8×10 cm^(2).Using room air as the carrier gas,the system is used to experimentally demonstrate the analysis of 19 chemicals with concentration levels on the order of parts per million(p.p.m.)and parts per billion(p.p.b.).The tested chemicals include alkanes,aromatic hydrocarbons,aldehydes,halogenated hydrocarbons and terpenes.This set of chemicals represents a variety of common indoor air pollutants,among which benzene,toluene and xylenes(BTX)are of particular interest. | Yutao Qin Yogesh B Gianchandani | 2016 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2016，2，1： | 6 |
| 13 | Liver biochemistry profile,significance and endoscopic management of biliary tract complications post orthotopic liver transplantation显示文摘AIM: To correlate the significance of liver biochemical tests in diagnosing post orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) biliary complications and to study their profile before and after endoscopic therapy. METHODS: Patients who developed biliary complications were analysed in detail for the clinical information,laboratory tests,treatment offered,response to it,follow up and outcomes. The profile of liver enzymes was determined. The safety,efficacy and outcomes of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) were also analysed. RESULTS: 40 patients required ERC for 70 biliary complications. GGT was found to be > 3 times (388.1 ± 70.9 U/mL vs 168.5 ± 34.2 U/L,P = 0.007) and SAP > 2 times (345.1 ± 59.1 U/L vs 152.7 ± 21.4 U/L,P = 0.003) the immediate post OLT values. Most frequent complication was isolated anastomotic strictures in 28 (40%). Sustained success was achieved in 26 (81%) patients. CONCLUSION: Biliary complications still remain an important problem post OLT. SAP and GGT can be used as early,non-invasive markers for diagnosis and also to assess the adequacy of therapy. Endoscopic management is usually effective in treating the majority of these biliary complications. | Yogesh M Shastri Nicolas M Hoepffner Bora Akoglu Christina Zapletal Wolf O Bechstein Wolfgang F Caspary Dominik Faust | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，20： | 6 |
| 14 | Frequency of primary iron overload and HFE gene mutations (C282Y,H63D and S65C) in chronic liver disease patients in north India显示文摘AIM:To identify the frequency of iron overload and study the three mutations in the HFE gene (C282Y,H63D,and S65C) in patients with chronic liver disorders (CLD) and controls. METHODS:To identify patients with iron overload (transferrin saturation > 45% in females and > 50% in males and serum ferritin > 1000 ng/mL) we evaluated 236 patients with CLD,including 59 with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH),22 with alcoholic liver disease (ALD),19 of cirrhosis due to viruses (HBV,HCV),and 136 with cryptogenic cirrhosis. Mutations of the HFE gene were analyzed by PCR-RE. hundred controls were screened for iron status and the mutations. RESULTS:Seventeen patients with CLD showed evidence of iron overload. Fifteen cases of iron overload had cryptogenic cirrhosis and two had ALD. None of the controls showed iron overload. We did not find any individual with 282Y or 65C either in the cases or in the controls. The prevalence of H63D heterozygosity was 12% in normal individuals,14.8% in 236 patients (16.9% in NASH,13.6% in ALD,26.3% in viral and 12.5% in cryptogenic cirrhosis) and the overall prevalence was 13.98%. Only two of the 17 patients with primary iron overload were heterozygous for H63D. One patient with NASH and one normal individual who were homozygous for H63D showed no iron overload.CONCLUSION:Primary iron overload in Indians is nonHFE type,which is different from that in Europeans and further molecular studies are required to determine the defect in various iron regulatory genes. | Barjinderjit Kaur Dhillon Reena Das Gurjeewan Garewal Yogesh Chawla RK Dhiman Ashim Das Ajay Duseja GR Chandak | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，21： | 5 |
| 15 | Carbon stock estimation for tree species of Sem Mukhem sacred forest in Garhwal Himalaya, India显示文摘Carbon stock estimation was conducted in tree species of Sem Mukhem sacred forest in district Tehri of Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. This forest is dedicated to Nagraj Devta and is dominated by tree species, including Quercus floribunda, Quercus semecarpifolia and Rhododendron arboreum. The highest values of below ground biomass density, total biomass density and total carbon density were (34.81±1.68) Mg·ha-1, (168.26±9.04) Mg·ha-1 and (84.13±4.18) Mg·ha-1 for Pinus wallichiana. Overall values of total biomass density and total carbon density calculated were 1549.704 Mg·ha-1 and 774.77 Mg·ha-1 respectively. Total value of growing stock volume density for all species was 732.56 m3·ha-1 and ranged from (144.97±11.98) m3·ha-1 for Pinus wallichiana to (7.78±1.78) m3·ha-1 for Benthamidia capitata. | Nazir A. Pala A. K. Negi Yogesh Gokhale Showkat Aziem K. K. Vikrant N. P. Todaria | 2013 | Journal of Forestry Research2013，24，3： | 5 |
| 16 | Locoregional treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma:The best is yet to come显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the sixth-most common type of cancer worldwide. The only definitive treatment modalities capable of achieving a cure are hepatic resection and hepatic transplantation. However, most patients are not candidates for these therapies. Overall, treatment options are driven by the stage of HCC. Early-stage disease is treated with ablative therapies, with radiofrequency ablation the ablative therapy of choice. Microwave ablation and irreversible electroporation are the other upcoming alternatives. Intermediate-stage disease is managed with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE), while advanced-stage disease is managed by sorafenib, with TACE and radioembolization as other alternatives. | Naveen Kalra Pankaj Gupta Yogesh Chawla Niranjan Khandelwal | 2015 | World Journal of Radiology2015，7，10： | 5 |
| 17 | Ivabradine in the treatment of systolic heart failure- A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM To perform a systematic-review and meta-analysis to compare outcomes of ivabradine combined with betablocker to beta-blocker alone in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(HFr EF).METHODS We searched PubM ed, Cochrane, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science for trials comparing ivabradine + betablocker to beta-blocker alone in HFr EF. We performed a systematic-review and meta-analysis of published literature. Primary end-point was combined end point of cardiac death and hospitalization for heart failure.RESULTS Six studies with 17671 patients were included. Mean follow-up was 8.7 ± 7.9 mo. Combined end-point of heart failure readmission and cardiovascular death was better in ivabradine + beta-blocker group compared to beta-blocker alone(RR: 0.93, 95%CI: 0.79-1.09, P = 0.354). Mean difference(MD) in heart rate was higher in the ivabradine + beta-blocker group(MD: 6.14, 95%CI: 3.80-8.48, P < 0.001). There was no difference in all cause mortality(RR: 0.98, 95%CI: 0.89-1.07, P = 0.609), cardiovascular mortality(RR: 0.99, 95%CI: 0.86-1.15, P = 0.908) or heart failure hospitalization(RR: 0.87, 95%CI: 0.68-1.11, P = 0.271). CONCLUSION From the available clinical trials, ivabradine + betablocker resulted in a significantly greater reduction in HRcoupled with improvement in combined end-point of heart failure readmission and cardiovascular death but with no improvement in all cause or cardiovascular mortality. Given the limited evidence, further randomized controlled trials are essential before widespread clinical application of ivabradine + beta-blocker is advocated for HFrEF. | Mahesh Anantha Narayanan Yogesh NV Reddy Janani Baskaran Abhishek Deshmukh David G Benditt Ganesh Raveendran | 2017 | World Journal of Cardiology2017，9，2： | 5 |
| 18 | Diversity and regeneration status of Sarkot Van Panchyat in Garhwal Himalaya, India显示文摘We investigated the floristic composition, phytosociological and regeneration status of Sarkot Van Panchyat (community forest) in Chamoli district of Garhwal Himalaya. A total of 52 plant species of 46 genera and 26 families were recorded, which included 12 trees, 18 shrubs and 22 herb species. Quercus leucotrichophora was dominant tree species in sapling and seedling layers, followed by Lyonia ovalifolia and Rhododendron arboreum.Out of 12 tree species, 7 species in seedling stage and 8 species in sapling stage were recorded in the study area. The 44.41% species in the study area showed good regeneration status, 16.66% species were fairly regenerating,and 8.33% species showed poor regeneration status, while 33% species were not regenerating. Number of individuals from lower girth classes (0 10 cmand 10 30 cm) showed decreasing trend with the increase in size of girth class. Shannon index (H) for trees, shrubs and herbs was recorded as 1.82,2.24 and 2.41 respectively. Simpsons index (CD) was recorded as 0.21, 0.12and 0.12 for trees, shrubs and herbs respectively. The forest should be divided into compartments for better management purpose and each compartment should be closed for five years to assist regeneration and enrichment planting may also be carried out for sustainable management. | Nazir A.Pala A.K.Negi Yogesh Gokhale Jahangeer A.Bhat N.P.Todaria | 2012 | Journal of Forestry Research2012，23，3： | 4 |
| 19 | Acute-on-chronic liver failure: consensus recommendations of the Asian Pacific Association for the study of the liver (APASL)显示文摘 | Shiv Kumar Sarin Ashish Kumar John A. Almeida Yogesh Kumar Chawla Sheung Tat Fan Hitendra Garg H. Janaka Silva Saeed Sadiq Hamid Rajiv Jalan Piyawat Komolmit George K. Lau Qing Liu Kaushal Madan Rosmawati Mohamed Qin Ning Salimur Rahman Archana Rastogi St | 2009 | Hepatology International2009，，1： | 4 |
| 20 | Pathological,molecular,and clinical characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma:A comprehensive review显示文摘Cholangiocarcinomas are a heterogeneous group of highly aggressive cancers that may arise anywhere within the biliary tree.There is a wide geographical variation with regards to its incidence,and risk-factor associations which may include liver fluke infection,primary sclerosing cholangitis,and hepatolithiasis amongst others.These tumours are classified into intrahepatic,perihilar and distal based on their anatomical location.Morphologically,intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas are further sub-classified into small and large duct variants.Perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinomas are usually mucin-producing tubular adenocarcinomas.Cholangiocarcinomas develop through a multistep carcinogenesis and are preceded by dysplastic and in situ lesions.While clinical characteristics and management of these tumours have been extensively elucidated in literature,their ultra-structure and tumour biology remain relatively unknown.This review focuses on the current knowledge of pathological characteristics,molecular alterations of cholangiocarcinoma,and its precursor lesions(including biliary intraepithelial neoplasia,intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct,intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasm). | Mukul Vij Yogesh Puri Ashwin Rammohan Gowripriya G Rajesh Rajalingam Ilankumaran Kaliamoorthy Mohamed Rela | 2022 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2022，14，3： | 4 |
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