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| 1 | Effect of Pisha sandstone on water infiltration of different soils on the Chinese Loess Plateau显示文摘The infiltration of water into soil is one of the most important soil physical properties that affect soil erosion and the eco-environment, especially in the Pisha sandstone area on the Chinese Loess Plateau. We studied the one-dimensional vertical infiltration of water in three experimental soils, created by mixing Pisha sandstone with sandy soil, irrigation-silted soil, and loessial soil, at mass ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5. Our objective was to compare water infiltration in the experimental soils and to evaluate the effect of Pisha sandstone on water infiltration. We assessed the effect by measuring soil bulk density(BD), porosity, cumulative infiltration, infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks). The results showed that Pisha sandstone decreased the infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity in the three experimental soils. Cumulative infiltration over time was well described by the Philip equation. Sandy soil mixed with the Pisha sandstone at a ratio of 1:3 had the best water-holding capacity. The results provided experimental evidence for the movement of soil water and a technical support for the reconstruction and reclamation of mining soils in the Pisha sandstone area. | MA Wenmei ZHANG Xingchang | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，3： | 18 |
| 2 | Spatial pattern of plant species diversity and the influencing factors in a Gobi Desert within the Heihe River Basin, Northwest China显示文摘Understanding the spatial pattern of plant species diversity and the influencing factors has important implications for the conservation and management of ecosystem biodiversity. The transitional zone between biomes in desert ecosystems, however, has received little attention in that regard. In this study, we conducted a quantitative field survey(including 187 sampling plots) in a 40-km^2 study area to determine the spatial pattern of plant species diversity and analyze the influencing factors in a Gobi Desert within the Heihe River Basin, Northwest China. A total of 42 plant species belonging to 16 families and 39 genera were recorded. Shrub and semi-shrub species generally represented the major part of the plant communities(covering 90% of the land surface), while annual and perennial herbaceous species occupied a large proportion of the total recorded species(71%). Patrick richness index(R), Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H'), Simpson's dominance index(D), and Pielou's evenness index(J) were all moderately spatially variable, and the variability increased with increasing sampling area. The semivariograms for R and H' were best fitted with Gaussian models while the semivariograms for D and J were best fitted with exponential models. Nugget-to-still ratios indicated a moderate spatial autocorrelation for R, H', and D while a strong spatial autocorrelation was observed for J. The spatial patterns of R and H' were closely related to the geographic location within the study area, with lower values near the oasis and higher values near the mountains. However, there was an opposite trend for D. R, H', and D were significantly correlated with elevation, soil texture, bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and total porosity(P<0.05). Generally speaking, locations at higher elevations tended to have higher species richness and diversity and the higher elevations were characterized by higher values in sand and gravel contents, bulk density, and saturated hydraulic conductivity and also by lower values in total porosity. Furthermore, spatial variability of plant species diversity was dependent on the sampling area. | ZHANG Pingping SHAO Ming'an ZHANG Xingchang | 2017 | Journal of Arid Land2017，9，3： | 14 |
| 3 | Applicability of five models to simulate water infiltration into soil with added biochar显示文摘As a soil amendment, biochar can reduce soil bulk density, increase soil porosity, and alter soil aggregates and thus affect the infiltration. Researchers have proposed and revised several theoretical models to describe the process of soil infiltration. Although these models have been successfully used to evaluate the soil infiltration in different scenarios in agricultural fields, little effort has been devoted to assess their performances in arid and semi-arid soils after the addition of biochar. A laboratory experiment was performed to study the infiltration characteristics of two typical Loess Plateau soils at three particle sizes(2–1, 1–0.25, and <0.25 mm) and five biochar application amounts(0, 10, 50, 100, and 150 g/kg). The performance of five models(i.e., the Philip model, Kostiakov model, Mezencev model, USDA-NRCS model, and Horton model) in simulating the infiltration process was then evaluated based on the adjusted coefficient of determination and a reduced Chi-Square test. Results indicated that the Horton model best simulated the water-infiltration process in an aeolian sandy soil with added biochar. However, the Mezencev model best simulated the infiltration process in a loamy clay soil(Eum-Orthic Anthrosol). The three-parameter model, i.e., Mezencev and Horton models can better describe the relationship between cumulative infiltration and infiltration time. In conclusion, biochar reduced the soil infiltration capacity of the aeolian sandy soil and increased that of the Eum-Orthic Anthrosol. | WANG Tongtong Catherine E STEWART MA Jiangbo ZHENG Jiyong ZHANG Xingchang | 2017 | Journal of Arid Land2017，9，5： | 9 |
| 4 | Spatio-temporal patterns of forest carbon dioxide exchange based on global eddy covariance measurements显示文摘Spatio-temporal patterns and driving mechanisms of forest carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange are the key issues on terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycles, which are the basis for developing and validating ecosystem carbon cycle models, assessing and predicting the role of forests in global carbon balance. Eddy covariance (EC) technique, an important method for measuring energy and material exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere, has made a great contribution to understanding CO2 exchanges in the biosphere during the past decade. Here, we synthesized published EC flux measurements at various forest sites in the global network of eddy flux tower sites (FLUXNET) and regional flux networks. Our objective was to explore spatio-temporal patterns and driving factors on forest carbon fluxes, i.e. net ecosystem productivity (NEP), gross primary productivity (GPP) and total ecosystem respiration (TER). Globally, forest NEP exhibited a significant latitudinal pattern jointly controlled by GPP and TER. The NEP decreased in an order of warm temperate forest > cold temperate and tropical rain forests > boreal and subalpine forests. Mean annual temperature (MAT) made a greater contribution to forest carbon fluxes than sum of annual precipitation (SAP). As MAT increased, the GPP increased linearly, whereas the TER increased exponentially, resulting in the NEP decreasing beyond an MAT threshold of 20°C. The GPP, TER and NEP varied substantially when the SAP was less than 1500 mm, but tended to increase with increasing SAP. Temporal dynamics in forest carbon fluxes and determinants depended upon time scales. NEP showed a significant interannual variability mainly driven by climate fluctuations and different responses of the GPP and TER to environmental forcing. In a longer term, forest carbon fluxes had a significant age effect. The ecosystem was a net carbon source right after clearcutting, gradually switched to a net carbon sink when the relative stand age (i.e. ratio of actual stand age to the stand rotation age) approached 0.3, and maximized carbon sequestration capacity at premature or mature stand stages. This temporal pattern of NEP was correlated with stand leaf area index and associated GPP. This study highlights the significance of spatio-temporal dynamics in the CO2 exchange in forest carbon cycling studies. It is also suggested that in addition to forest biomes, interannual variations and stand age effects of forest carbon fluxes should be considered in the global carbon balance. | XingChang Wang ChuanKuan Wang GuiRui Yu | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，8： | 8 |
| 5 | Identification of Potential Sites of Debris Flows in the Upper Min River Drainage,Following Environmental Changes Caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake显示文摘The Wenchuan earthquake caused numerous landslides and collapses that provide abundant unconsolidated material for future mobilization as debris flows.Debris flows will be very active and cause considerable damage for some time in the affected area.Because of environmental changes related to the earthquake,many potentially dangerous debris flow gullies have yet to be identified.This paper selects the upper Min River from Yinxiu to Wenchuan as the study area,interprets the unconsolidated deposits,and discusses their relationship to distance from the fault.Then,applying that information and the values of other factors relating to debris flow occurrence,the locations of potential debris flows are analyzed by multi-factor comprehensive identification and rapid identification.The multi-factor comprehensive identification employs fuzzy matter-element extension theory.The volume of unconsolidated material in the study area is about 3.28 × 108 m3.According to the analysis by multi-factor comprehensive identification,47 gullies have a high probability for potential debris flow,8 gullies have a moderate probability,and 1 gully has a low probability. | LIU Jinfeng YOU Yong CHEN Xingchang FAN Jianrong | 2010 | Journal of Mountain Science2010，7，3： | 4 |
| 6 | Evaluation methods of heavy metal pollution in soils based on enzyme activities:A review显示文摘Soil enzyme activities have been suggested as suitable indicators for the evaluation of metal contamination because they are susceptible to microbial changes caused by heavy metal stress and are strictly related to soil nutrient cycles.However,there is a growing lack of recognition and summary of the historic advancements that use soil enzymology as the proposal of evaluation methods.Here,we review the most common methods of heavy metal pollution evaluation based on enzyme activities,which include single enzyme index,combined enzyme index,enzyme-based functional diversity index,microbiological stress index,and ecoenzymatic stoichiometry models.This review critically examines the advantages and disadvantages of these methods based on their execution complexity,performance,and ecological implications and gets a glimpse of avenues to come to improved future evaluation systems.Indices based on a single enzyme are variable and have no consistent response to soil heavy metals,and the following three composite indices are characterized by the loss of many critical microbial processes,which thus not conducive to reflect the effects of heavy metals on soil ecosystems.Considering the dexterity of ecoenzymatic stoichiometry methods in reflecting changes in soil functions under heavy metal stress,we propose that microbial metabolic limitations quantified by ecoenzymatic stoichiometry models could be promising indicators for enhancing the reality and acceptance of results and further improving the potential for actual utility in environmental decision-making. | Yongxing Cui Xia Wang Xiangxiang Wang Xingchang Zhang Linchuan Fang | 2021 | Soil Ecology Letters2021，3，3： | 3 |
| 7 | Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus under different land uses in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China显示文摘 | Yunqiang Wang Xingchang Zhang Chuanqin Huang | 2009 | Geoderma2009，，1： | 3 |
| 8 | Response of soil CO_2 efflux to precipitation manipulation in a semiarid grassland显示文摘Soil CO_2efflux(SCE) is an important component of ecosystem CO_2 exchange and is largely temperature and moisture dependent, providing feedback between C cycling and the climate system. We used a precipitation manipulation experiment to examine the effects of precipitation treatment on SCE and its dependences on soil temperature and moisture in a semiarid grassland. Precipitation manipulation included ambient precipitation, decreased precipitation(- 43%), or increased precipitation(+ 17%). The SCE was measured from July2013 to December 2014, and CO_2 emission during the experimental period was assessed.The response curves of SCE to soil temperature and moisture were analyzed to determine whether the dependence of SCE on soil temperature or moisture varied with precipitation manipulation. The SCE significantly varied seasonally but was not affected by precipitation treatments regardless of season. Increasing precipitation resulted in an upward shift of SCE–temperature response curves and rightward shift of SCE–moisture response curves,while decreasing precipitation resulted in opposite shifts of such response curves. These shifts in the SCE response curves suggested that increasing precipitation strengthened the dependence of SCE on temperature or moisture, and decreasing precipitation weakened such dependences. Such shifts affected the predictions in soil CO_2 emissions for different precipitation treatments. When considering such shifts, decreasing or increasing precipitation resulted in 43 or 75% less change, respectively, in CO_2 emission compared with changes in emissions predicted without considering such shifts. Furthermore, the effects of shifts in SCE response curves on CO_2 emission prediction were greater during the growing than the non-growing season. | Xiaorong Wei Yanjiang Zhang Jian Liu Hailong Gao Jun Fan Xiaoxu Jia Jimin Cheng Mingan Shao Xingchang Zhang | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，7： | 2 |
| 9 | Prediction of Soil Erosion on Different Underlaying Surface in Construction Period of Xichang to Panzhihua Expressway显示文摘In order to investigate the behavior of soil erosion on the slope of the different underlaying surface during construction,the experiment with natural rainfall on Xichang-Panzhihua high-way was conducted,to quantify the runoff and soil loss. The re-sults show that:① the main type of soil erosion is gully erosion,the amount of soil erosion caused by gully erosion is higher than that by surface erosion. ② The principal factor causing soil ero-sion on the slope of the embankment is individual amount of pre-cipitation,the width of the embankment and rain intensity. ③ The principal factor causing soil erosion on the cutting slope is indi-vidual amount of precipitation,the width of the cutting slope and rain intensity. ④ The principal factor causing soil erosion on the slope of the dumped soil area is individual amount of precipitation,the width of the flat roof and rain intensity. There are well linear relationships between the amount of soil erosion and the principal factor,and their correlation coefficient are 0.935 7-0.999 8. | CHEN Tingfang CUI Peng CHEN Xingchang | 2007 | Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences2007，12，4： | 2 |
| 10 | Long-term impact of farming practices on soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools and microbial biomass and activity显示文摘 | Yi Wang Cong Tu Lei Cheng Chunyue Li Laura F. Gentry Greg D. Hoyt Xingchang Zhang Shuijin Hu | 2011 | Soil & Tillage Research2011，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Soil water dynamics and deep soil recharge in a recordwet year in the southern Loess Plateau of China显示文摘 | Liu Wenzhao Zhang Xingchang Dang Tinghui | 2010 | Ag-riculture Water Management2010，97，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Radiological thera py with low enery He Nelaser显示文摘 | WEI XINGCHANG LIU KAIXIANG FENG JUNLIN | 1995 | Chinese Physical Therapy Journal1995，18，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Carbon concentration variability of 10 Chinese temperate tree spe- cies 显示文摘 | Zhang Quanzhi Wang Chuankuan Wang Xingchang | 2009 | Forest Ecology and Management2009，258，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Progress review of electromagnetic compatibility analysis technologies for packages, printed circuit boards, and novel interconnects 显示文摘 | LI Erping WEI Xingchang CANGELLARIS A C | 2010 | IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility2010，52，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus under different land uses in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China 显示文摘 | Wang Yunqiang Zhang Xingchang Huang Chuanqin | 2009 | Geoderma2009，150，12： | 1 |
| 16 | Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus under different land uses in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China显示文摘 | WANG Yunqiang ZHANG Xingchang HUANG Chuanqin | 2009 | Geoderma2009，150，12： | 1 |
| 17 | A new MRTD scheme based on Coifman scaling functions for the solution of scattering problems显示文摘 | Wei Xingchang Li Erping Liang Changhong | 2002 | IEEE Microwave Wireless Comp Lett2002，12，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen and soil total phosphorus under different land uses in a small watershed on the Loess Plateau, China显示文摘 | Wang Yunqiang Zhang Xingchang Huang Chuanqin | 2009 | Geoderma2009，150，： | 1 |
| 19 | Carbon concentration variability of 10 Chinese temperate tree species显示文摘 | Quanzhi Zhang Chuankuan Wang Xingchang Wang Xiankui Quan | 2009 | Forest Ecology and Management2009，，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Evapo- transpiration over the grassland field in the Liudaogou Basin of the Loess Plateau, China显示文摘 | Kimura R Fan Jun Zhang Xingchang | 2005 | Acta Oecologi- ca2005，29，1： | 1 |
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