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| 1 | Challenge and Opportunity in Improving Fertilizer-nitrogen Use Efficiency of Irrigated Rice in China显示文摘Today, about 30% of world nitrogen (N) fertilizer is consumed by China. Rice crops in China consume about 37% of the total N fertilizer used for rice production in the world. Average rate of N application for rice production in China is high and fertilizer-N use efficiency is low compared with other major rice growing countries. Research progresses have been made internationally and domestically on the application method, fertilizer-N sources, computer-based decision support systems, and real-time N management in order to reduce N losses and increase fertilizer-N use efficiency. In addition to continuous increase in N rate and lack of adoption of new knowledge and technology in N management by farmers, we hypothesize that high indigenous soil N supply, adoption of hybrid and super rice cultivars, improper timing of N application, and practice of mid-season drainage could be the causes for the low fertilizer-N use efficiency in China. Future research work on improving fertilizer-N use efficiency of rice crop in China should focus more on improving cultivar's N responsiveness, optimizing the timing and rate of N application based on crop N status, and achieving optimal soil N supply capacity. | Roland Buresh Christian Witt | 2002 | Agricultural Sciences in China2002，1，7： | 86 |
| 2 | 提高中国稻田氮肥利用率的研究策略显示文摘介绍了中国水稻生产氮肥使用及利用率概况。中国氮肥消费量占世界氮肥总量的 30 %,水稻生产所消耗的氮肥占世界水稻氮肥总消耗量的 37%。与主要产稻国相比 ,中国水稻生产氮肥施用量较高而利用率较低 ;介绍了国际上公认的氮肥利用率的概念和相应的定量方法 ;总结了国内外水稻氮肥的施用方法 ,肥料种类 ,计算机推荐施肥以及实时施氮管理模式等对降低氮素损失 ,提高氮肥利用率的研究概况和研究进展 ;从水稻品种耐肥性、土壤供肥能力、施肥技术及水分管理等多方面分析了中国水稻氮肥利用率低的可能原因 ;提出了通过改善水稻品种对氮肥的敏感反应 ,以作物氮素状况为指导适时和适量施用氮肥 ,以及合理调节土壤背景氮来降低氮素损失 ,提高水稻的氮肥利用率的研究策略。 | 彭少兵 黄见良 钟旭华 杨建昌 王光火 邹应斌 张福锁 朱庆森 Roland Buresh Christian Witt | 2002 | 中国农业科学2002，35，9： | 1029 |
| 3 | Enteral nutrition and immune modulation of acute pancreatitis显示文摘Enteral nutrition has been strongly recommended by major scientific societies for the nutritional management of patients with acute pancreatitis.Providing severe acute pancreatitis patients with enteral nutrition within the first 24-48 h of hospital admission can help improve outcomes compared to parenteral nutrition and no feeding.New research is focusing in on when and what to feed to best improve outcomes for acute pancreatitis patients.Early enteral nutrition have the potential to modulate the immune responses.Despite this consistent evidence of early enteral nutrition in patients with acute pancreatitis,clinical practice continues to vary due to individual clinician preference.Achieving the immune modulating effects of enteral nutrition heavily depend on proper placement of the feeding tube and managing any tube feeding associated complications.The current article reviews the immune modulating effects of enteral nutrition and pro-and prebiotics and suggests some practical tools that help improve the patient adherence and tolerance to the tube feeding.Proper selection of the type of the tube,close monitoring of the tube for its placement,patency and securing its proper placement and routine checking the gastric residual volume could all help improve the outcome.Using peptide-based and high medium chaintriglycerides feeding formulas help improving feeding tolerance. | Refaat A Hegazi Tiffany De Witt | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，43： | 24 |
| 4 | Activation and dramatically increased cytolytic activity of tumor specific T lymphocytes after radio-frequency ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal liver metastases显示文摘瞄准:为了如果特定的细胞毒素的 T 房间回答能与恶意的肝在病人被导致,估计,肿瘤与无线电频率对待脱离(RFA ) 。方法:有颜色的肝转移的六个病人表面的癌症并且 6 与肝细胞,癌(HCC ) 经历了 RFA。血以前被取样,在 RFA 以后的 4 和 8 wk。测试抗原是活体检视从每个病人获得的自体同源的肝和肿瘤溶解产物。外部 T 房间激活被一个干扰素鲸鱼群妈(IFNgamma ) 估计分泌物试金和流动血细胞计数。T 房间是双 stained 让 CD4/CD8 和 IFNgamma 检测细胞毒素的 T 房间。积极的 IFNgamma 和 IFNgamma 否定 T 房间的比率作为刺激索引(SI ) 被决定。估计细胞溶解的活动, T 房间与人的 CaCo 颜色被共同孵化 cytosolic adenylate 激酶的表面的癌症和 HepG2 HCC 房间和版本被酶试金测量。结果:在 RFA SI 前是 0.021 (+/- 0.006 ) 为 CD4 (+) 并且 0.022 (+/- 0.004 ) 为对非恶意的肝织物的 CD8 (+) T 房间并且 0.018 (+/- 0.005 ) 为 CD4 (+) 并且 0.021 (+/- 0.004 ) 为对自体同源的肿瘤织物的 CD8 (+) 房间。在对肿瘤织物的 RFA SI 以后的四个星期增加了到 0.109 (+/- 0.005 )为 CD4 (+)并且 0.11 (+/- 0.012 )为对 HCC 的 CD8 (+) T 房间,并且到 0.115 (+/- 0.031 )为 CD4 (+)并且 0.15 (+/- 0.02 )为为颜色的 CD8 (+)房间表面的转移( P <
0.0001 )。没有增加的 SI 被观察与非,恶性瘤织物根本预定点。与 2.62 在对各自的癌症房间的 RFA 细胞溶解的的活动前是低的(+/- 0.37 ) 相对的光单位(RLU ) ,而是超过 100 合拢的玫瑰在 RFA 以后的 4 和 8 wk。自发的版本是 2% 最大值在所有实验释放的 <
。结论:病人与主要并且肝的继发性瘤在 RFA 以后与 CD8 (+) T 房间的一项戏剧性地增加的肿瘤 specific 细胞溶解的活动显示出重要肿瘤特定的细胞毒素的 T 房间刺激。 | Johannes Hansler Thaddaus Till Wissniowski Detlef Schuppan Astrid Witte Thomas Bernatik Eckhart Georg Hahn Deike Strobel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，23： | 22 |
| 5 | Suppression of Astroglial Scar Formation and Enhanced Axonal Regeneration Associated with Functional Recovery in a Spinal Cord Injury Rat Model by the Cell Cycle Inhibitor Olomoucine显示文摘Objective:To determine if a cell cycle inhibitior, olomoucine, would decrease neuronal cell death, limit astroglial proliferation and production of inhibitory CSPGs, and eventually enhance the functional compensation after SCI in rats. Methods: Three were used as un-operated controls and twelve as sham operated controls. Following spinal cord injury, 48 rats were randomly and blindly assigned to either olomoucine (n=24) or vehicle treatment (n=24) groups. Results: Up-regulations of cell cycle components were closely associated with neuronal cell death and astroglial proliferation as well as the production of CSPGs after SCI. Meanwhile, administration of olomoucine, a selective cell cycle kinase (CDK) inhibitor, has remarkably reduced the up-regulated cell cycle proteins and then decreased neuronal cell death, astroglial proliferation as well as accumulation of CSPGs. More importantly, the treatment with olomoucine has also increased expression of growth-associated proteins-43 (GAP-43), reduced the cavity formation, and improved functional deficits. Conclusion: Suppressing astroglial cell cycle in acute spinal cord injuries is beneficial to axonal growth. in turn, the future therapeutic strategies can be designed to achieve efficient axonal regeneration and functional compensation after traumatic CNS injury. | 宋宇锋 YU Zhi-yuan XIE Min-jie BU Bi-tao WITTE OW WANG Wei | 2006 | 神经损伤与功能重建2006，1，2： | 21 |
| 6 | Increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by circulating polymorphonuclear neutrophills and regulation by interleukin 10 during intestinal inflammation显示文摘Increasedsecretionofproinflammatorycytokinesbycirculatingpolymorphonuclearneutrophilsandregulationbyinterleukin10duringintes... | S Nikolaus 1, J Bauditz 1, P Gionchetti 2, C Witt 3, H Lochs 1 and S Schreiber 1 1Charité University Hospital, 4th Medical Department, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany 2Clinica Media I, Policlinico S. Orsola, University of Bolog | 1998 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1998，4，3： | 17 |
| 7 | 普渡大学研究仓储及其支持的科学数据管理服务显示文摘【目的】对普渡大学研究知识库案例进行全面剖析。【方法】分别从PURR平台的建设背景、保存政策、保存策略、工作流、参考标准、开发平台、元数据、数据引用、数据备份、工作机制以及PURR支持的大学科学数据管理服务等方面进行分析。【结果】PURR参考多个标准进行建设,支持数据服务,但在用户体验及元数据支持等方面仍需完善。【结论】PURR作为先驱性的数据管理工具,其在开发及推广过程中积累的经验可以为我国开展数据管理实践提供参考。 | 王辉 Michael Witt 窦天芳 | 2015 | 现代图书情报技术2015，，1： | 17 |
| 8 | Clinical Research on Acupuncture-Concepts and Guidance on Efficacy and Effectiveness Research显示文摘Over the last few years a number of large acupuncture trials have been carried out in western countries.The following article draws on the experience from these recent large-scale trials on acupuncture to outline the way randomized trials could be used to answer questions on efficacy,effectiveness and efficiency.It will provide guidance,firstly on the underlying concepts of both efficacy and effectiveness and secondly on designing both types of trials.In addition,the controversy over specific and non-specific effects of acupuncture,emerging from the results of the above-mentioned trials,will be highlighted.Suggestions for future clinical research on acupuncture include:greater reflection on the complex approach of Chinese medicine, and transparent and detailed reporting according to CONSORT and STRICTA guidelines.The current data on acupuncture point-specific effects do indeed have relevance,however for valid decision-making on acupuncture,further clinical trials on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness are required to provide realistic benefit estimates for future health care. | Claudia M Witt | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2011，17，2： | 13 |
| 9 | Metabolic and Phenotypic Responses of Greenhouse-Grown Maize Hybrids to Experimentally Controlled Drought Stress显示文摘到象干旱一样的不能生活的压力的改编是农业上的重要获得相关庄稼相似玉米。在在干旱是一个很主导的应力因素的气候的地区种的庄稼的提高的干旱公差的开发因此在植物繁殖起一个必要作用。以前的研究证明玉米收益潜力和提高的压力忍耐是联系特点。在这研究,我们为他们在一个温室实验处理干旱应力的能力分析了六个不同玉米混血儿。我们能从从不同机关与新陈代谢的数据在浇得好的条件下面并且在水限制下面测量的 morphophysiological 参数联合数据。这些不同机关拥有了不同代谢物作文,与显示最可观的 metabolome 变化追随者水缺乏的叶片。虽然我们能在干旱应力下面在代谢物层次显示出一般增加,包括在 TCA 周期的氨基酸,糖,糖白酒,和中介变化,这些变化不在以前基于领域试用数据被指定了为干旱容忍或易受影响的玉米混血儿之间是微分的。这里描述的数据与相当不同的生长源于一个温室实验的事实调节与相比这个领域里的可以解释忍耐为什么组织的天赋不能在这研究被证实。然而,我们能加亮象其层次某些生理的特点地相关很好的代谢物一样显示了保存回答到干旱的几代谢物。 | Sandra Witt Luis Galicia Jan Lisec Jill Cairns Axel Tiessen Jose Luis Araus Natalia Palacios-Rojas Alisdair R. Fernie | 2012 | Molecular Plant2012，5，2： | 12 |
| 10 | Bone tissue engineering via growth factor delivery:from scaffolds to complex matrices显示文摘In recent years,bone tissue engineering has emerged as a promising solution to the limitations of current gold standard treatment options for bone related-disorders such as bone grafts.Bone tissue engineering provides a scaffold design that mimics the extracellular matrix,providing an architecture that guides the natural bone regeneration process.During this period,a new generation of bone tissue engineering scaffolds has been designed and characterized that explores the incorporation of signaling molecules in order to enhance cell recruitment and ingress into the scaffold,as well as osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis,each of which is crucial to successful bone regeneration.Here,we outline and critically analyze key characteristics of successful bone tissue engineering scaffolds.We also explore candidate materials used to fabricate these scaffolds.Different growth factors involved in the highly coordinated process of bone repair are discussed,and the key requirements of a growth factor delivery system are described.Finally,we concentrate on an analysis of scaffold-based growth factor delivery strategies found in the recent literature.In particular,the incorporation of two-phase systems consisting of growth factor-loaded nanoparticles embedded into scaffolds shows great promise,both by providing sustained release over a therapeutically relevant timeframe and the potential to sequentially deliver multiple growth factors. | Tinke-Marie De Witte Lidy E.Fratila-Apachitei Amir A.Zadpoor Nicholas A.Peppas | 2018 | Regenerative Biomaterials2018，5，4： | 12 |
| 11 | Technical and conceptual considerations forusing animated stimuli in studies of animalbehavior显示文摘Rapid technical advances in the field of computeropened new avenues in animal behavior research.animation (CA) and virtual reality (VR) haveAnimated stimuli are powerful tools as theyoffer standardization, repeatability, and complete control over the stimulus presented, thereby"reducing" and "replacing" the animals used, and "refining" the experimental design in line withthe 3Rs. However, appropriate use of these technologies raises conceptual and technical questions.In this review, we offer guidelines for common technical and conceptual considerations related tothe use of animated stimuli in animal behavior research. Following the steps required to create ananimated stimulus, we discuss (I) the creation, (11) the presentation, and (111) the validation of CAsand VRs. Although our review is geared toward computer-graphically designed stimuli, consider-ations on presentation and validation also apply to video playbacks. CA and VR allow both new be-havioral questions to be addressed and existing questions to be addressed in new ways, thus weexpect a rich future for these methods in both ultimate and proximate studies of animal behavior. | Laura CHOUINARD-THULY Stefanie GIERSZEWSKI Gil G. ROSENTHAL Simon M. READER Guillaume RIEUCAU Kevin L. Woo Robert GERLAI Cynthia TEDORE Spencer J. INGLEY John R. STOWERS Joachim G.FROMMENI Francine L. DOLINS Klaudia WITTE | 2017 | Current Zoology2017，63，1： | 10 |
| 12 | 基于re3data的科研数据仓储全景分析显示文摘[目的/意义]基于re3data元数据对科研数据仓储进行背景、政策、学科、内容、服务、访问、技术支持等分析,揭示科研数据仓储在学科间的差异,从多角度呈现科研数据仓储的全景。[方法/过程]从re3data元数据中遴选14个指标,对1 848个科研数据仓储的责任机构进行定量分析,并采用独立样本t检验分析数据内容、服务类型、数据访问与上传等在学科间的差异情况。[结果/结论]大部分科研数据仓储是非营利组织负责的,机构主要提供基金资助、技术支持和一般维护。目前登记的科研数据仓储主要来自欧美国家及国际组织。科研数据仓储的类型主要以学科为主,生命科学和自然科学的仓储数量最多。科研数据仓储的数据内容类型、服务类型、数据开放程度、应用编程接口在学科间存在显著差异。 | 王辉 Michael Witt | 2017 | 图书情报工作2017，61，22： | 8 |
| 13 | Biodegradable magnesium barrier membrane used for guided bone regeneration in dental surgery显示文摘Barrier membranes are commonly used as part of the dental surgical technique guided bone regeneration(GBR)and are often made of resorbable collagen or non-resorbable materials such as PTFE.While collagen membranes do not provide sufficient mechanical protection of the covered bone defect,titanium reinforced membranes and non-resorbable membranes need to be removed in a second surgery.Thus,biodegradable GBR membranes made of pure magnesium might be an alternative.In this study a biodegradable pure magnesium(99.95%)membrane has been proven to have all of the necessary requirements for an optimal regenerative outcome from both a mechanical and biological perspective.After implantation,the magnesium membrane separates the regenerating bone from the overlying,faster proliferating soft tissue.During the initial healing period,the membrane maintained a barrier function and space provision,whilst retaining the positioning of the bone graft material within the defect space.As the magnesium metal corroded,it formed a salty corrosion layer and local gas cavities,both of which extended the functional lifespan of the membrane barrier capabilities.During the resorption of the magnesium metal and magnesium salts,it was observed that the membrane became surrounded and then replaced by new bone.After the membrane had completely resorbed,only healthy tissue remained.The in vivo performance study demonstrated that the magnesium membrane has a comparable healing response and tissue regeneration to that of a resorbable collagen membrane.Overall,the magnesium membrane demonstrated all of the ideal qualities for a barrier membrane used in GBR treatment. | Patrick Rider Zeljka Peric Kacarevic Akiva Elad Drazen Tadic Daniel Rothamel Gerrit Sauer Fabien Bornert Peter Windisch David Botond Hangyasi Balint Molnar Emely Bortel Bernhard Hesse Frank Witte | 2022 | Bioactive Materials2022，7，8： | 7 |
| 14 | 如何设计高质量针刺临床研究:基于证据的专家共识显示文摘本针刺随机对照试验(Randomised controlled trials, RCT)专家共识是基于目前针刺试验面临的最普遍、最关键问题,由临床医生、研究人员、从事针灸和外科的临床试验专家、统计专家、临床流行病学和方法学专家以及患者组成的国际临床研究小组联合制订。该共识将有助于临床试验资助者、注册者以及期刊编辑等评估针刺RCT方案及研究结果的相关性、重要性和质量。 | 张誉清 焦睿珉 Claudia M Witt 劳力行 刘建平 Lehana Thabane Karen J Sherman Mike Cummings Dawn P Richards Eun-Kyung Anna Kim Tae-Hun Kim Myeong Soo Lee Michael E Wechsler Benno Brinkhaus Jun J Mao Caroline A Smith 岗卫娟 刘保延 刘志顺 刘岩 郑晖 吴佳霓 AloBSO Carrasco-Labra Mohit Bhandari Philip J Devereaux 景向红 Gordon Guyatt | 2022 | 英国医学杂志中文版2022，25，6： | 7 |
| 15 | 从远志中分离鉴定出1种多巴胺受体活性化合物显示文摘目的从中药远志中提取脑内多巴胺(DA)受体活性化合物。方法用体外的放射配体-受体结合和高压液相法提取、分离、纯化DA受体活性化合物,用核磁共振和质谱仪确定活性化合物的结构。结果提取、分离到1种四氢非洲防己胺的活性化合物。其在体外可抑制3H-SCH23390(DA1受体亚型)和3H-螺呱隆(DA2受体亚型)与大鼠纹状体细胞膜的结合,其IC50值分别为(0.75±0.08)μmol/L和(0.92±0.10)μmol/L。这种活性化合物还能抑制3H-呱唑嗪和大鼠大脑膜α1-肾上腺素受体的结合(IC50值为46μmol/L),但是不能改变3H-QNB及3H-muscimol对膜的结合。Scatchardplot分析显示此化合物对3H-SCH23390和3H-螺呱隆与纹状体细胞膜的结合的抑制作用是通过竞争性与非竞争性混合机制而实现的。结论远志中提取到的四氢非洲防己胺是脑内多巴胺受体的活性化合物,它的抑制作用是通过竞争性与非竞争性混合机制而实现的。 | 沈行良 Witt MR Dekermendjian K Nielsen M | 2004 | 海南医学院学报2004，10，3： | 7 |
| 16 | Lensless diffractive imaging with ultra-broadbandtable-top sources: from infrared to extreme-ultravioletwavelengths显示文摘Lensless imaging is an approach to microscopy in which a high-resolution image of an object is reconstructed from one or more measured diffraction patterns,providing a solution in situations where the use of imaging optics is not possible.However,current lensless imaging methods are typically limited by the need for a light source with a narrow,stable and accurately known spectrum.We have developed a general approach to lensless imaging without spectral bandwidth limitations or sample requirements.We use two time-delayed coherent light pulses and show that scanning the pulse-to-pulse time delay allows the reconstruction of diffraction-limited images for all the spectral components in the pulse.In addition,we introduce an iterative phase retrieval algorithm that uses these spectrally resolved Fresnel diffraction patterns to obtain high-resolution images of complex extended objects.We demonstrate this two-pulse imaging method with octave-spanning visible light sources,in both transmission and reflection geometries,and with broadband extreme-ultraviolet radiation from a high-harmonic generation source.Our approach enables effective use of low-flux ultra-broadband sources,such as table-top high-harmonic generation systems,for high-resolution imaging. | Stefan Witte Vasco T Tenner Daniel WE Noom Kjeld SE Eikema | 2014 | Light(Science & Applications)2014，3，1： | 5 |
| 17 | The history of biodegradable magnesium implants: A review显示文摘 | Frank Witte | 2010 | Acta Biomaterialia2010，，5： | 5 |
| 18 | 利用经济学评价证据支持针灸医疗保险报销决策:现有证据及挑战显示文摘李洪超和同事们探索了在针灸医疗保险报销决策过程中引入经济学评价证据的全球挑战。医疗保险报销决策的过程本质上是复杂的。除了安全性和有效性,社会、经济、政治、地理、制度等非医学因素通常也会对决策制订产生重要的影响。 | 李洪超 金雪晶 Patricia M Herman Claudia M Witt 陈英耀 岗卫娟 景向红 宋坪 杨龙会 Dan Ollendorf 张渊 Gordon Guyatt 黄璐琦 张誉清(文/译) 王欣恬 | 2022 | 英国医学杂志中文版2022，25，6： | 5 |
| 19 | 非正式支持与心理健康的三大来源:中美老人比较显示文摘研究调查中美老年人三大非正式支持——家庭、朋友和邻里,以及心理健康——自尊、抑郁和孤独的来源。研究结果发现:家庭的支持是美国老年人的健康最期望来源,而在中国则为邻里与朋友的支持。 | 邓蓉 John Poulin Melanie Swain Heather Witt Travis Sky Ingersoll Xu Shan | 2010 | 贵州师范大学学报(社会科学版)2010，，6： | 5 |
| 20 | 铝电解槽内电解质-气泡两相流及氧化铝扩散的模拟计算显示文摘本文建立了电解质-气泡两相流模型和氧化铝扩散模型,全面考虑了气泡、电磁力以及铝液流动等三个因素,计算分析了稳态电解质流动场和瞬态氧化铝浓度场。主要结果如下:将铝液流动引入计算十分必要,否则会弱化电解质漩涡流动状态,削弱氧化铝的整槽扩散速度;新概念母线可使电解质流动的两个漩涡对称性更加明显、流速分布更为均匀,进而使氧化铝浓度分布更加均匀。测量结果与模拟结果所揭示的氧化铝浓度分布规律相吻合。 | 刘伟 胡红胜 周东方 杨晓东 Yuqing Feng Peter J. Witt | 2016 | 轻金属2016，，1： | 5 |
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