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| 1 | Seasonal variations and sources of mass and chemical composition for PM_(10) aerosol in Hangzhou,China显示文摘Aerosol observation was conducted for four seasons from September 2001 to August 2002 at five sampling sites in Hangzhou, South China, on PM10 mass, 22 elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Cd, Ba, and Pb), 5 major ions (F-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, and NH4+), and organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), showing that PM10 mass ranged from 46.7 to 270.8 g/m3, with an annual average of 119.2 g/m3. Na, Al, Si, S, K, Ca, and Fe were the most abundant elements in PM10, most of S being in the form of SO42-. SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ were the major ions, which contributed to about 20% of the PM10 mass. The mean seasonal concentrations for SO42-, averaged over all sites, were found to be 18.0, 18.5, 24.7, and 21.4 g/m3, for spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively, while the corresponding loadings for NO3- were 7.2, 4.7, 7.1, and 11.2 g/m3, and for NH4+ were 6.0, 5.9, 8.2, and 9.3 g/m3, in the form mostly of NH4NO3 in spring, autumn, and winter, and mostly of (NH4)2SO4 in summer. The low NO3-/SO42-ratio found indicates coal combustion as the major source throughout the year. The mean annual concentrations of OC and EC in PM10 were found to be 21.4, and 4.1 g/m3, respectively. Material balance calculation indicated that fugitive dust, the secondary aerosol, and carbonaceous matter were the most abundant species in PM10 for the four seasons, as is characteristic for cities in South China. | Junji Cao Zhenxing Shen Judith C. Chow Guowei Qi John G. Watson | 2009 | Particuology2009，7，3： | 58 |
| 2 | 内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞氧化应激时Nrf2/ARE信号通路对抗氧化基因表达的调控:与动脉粥样硬化和先兆子痫的关系显示文摘动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、慢性肾功能衰竭和先兆子痫等血管疾病时活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)生成增加,容易导致内皮依赖性血管舒张功能的损害和血管损伤,而细胞可以诱导多种编码Ⅱ相解毒酶和抗氧化蛋白的基因表达,从而减轻ROS和亲电子物质介导的细胞损伤。一个被称为抗氧化反应元件(antioxidant response element,ARE)或亲电子反应元件(electrophile response element,EpRE)的顺式转录调控元件,可以介导诸如亚铁血红素加氧酶1、γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶、硫氧还蛋白还原酶、谷胱甘肽-S转移酶和NAD(P)H:苯醌氧化还原酶等基因的转录。其他抗氧化酶,如超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和非酶清除剂(如谷胱甘肽)等也参与ROS的清除。转录因子NF-E2相关因子2(nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2, Nrf2)是属于Cap‘n’Collar家族的转录因子,具有碱性亮氨酸拉链(basic region-leucine zipper,bZIP),它在ARE介导的抗氧化基因表达中起重要的作用。在正常情况下,Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白-1(Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1,Keapl)与Nrf2耦联,并与肌动蛋白细胞骨架结合被锚定于胞浆,但是在半胱氨酸残基发生氧化的情况下,Nrf2和Keapl解耦联,进入细胞核并与ARE结合,从而激活多种抗氧化基因和Ⅱ相解毒酶基因的转录。蛋白激酶C、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶和磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶参与Nrf2/ARE信号转导的调控。本文综述了有关Nrf2/ARE信号转导通路在血管稳态和动脉硬化、先兆子痫等疾病情况下内皮及平滑肌细胞对抗持续性氧化应激中起的作用。 | Giovanni E. Mann Jorg Niehueser-Saran Alan Watson Ling Gao Tetsuro Ishii Patricia de Winter Richard C. M. Siow | 2007 | 生理学报2007，59，2： | 35 |
| 3 | 体育运动领域流畅状态的研究进展显示文摘流畅状态是一种理想的内部体验状态,在体育运动领域也被称之为个体从事活动的最佳体验。由于其可以为个体提供良好的心境状态,有助于促进个体对活动的内部动机,提高个体的活动效率,所以,流畅状态作为一个重要的研究领域在运动心理学的发展过程中发挥着重要的作用。拟对体育运动情境中流畅状态的心理特征、模型构建及研究方法进行详细的阐述;并对相关的研究成果加以评述,如流畅状态的跨文化普遍性,体育运动中流畅体验的倾向性差异,流畅-运动技能表现间的关系,影响流畅状态的因素及其相应的调控措施。在此基础上提出,本领域的未来发展应拓展对流畅状态心理特征的研究,即以那些处于非西方文化和西方文化中少数民族文化背景下的群体作为研究对象,进行不同背景的跨文化对比研究;同时,对流畅模型的进一步改进,以充实流畅状态的理论架构,也应成为未来研究的一个焦点;此外,通过目标设置等心理干预手段以促进运动员流畅状态的发生,以及为流畅状态与运动技能建立明确的中介模型,从而应用于运动技能提升的实践情境中也将是未来研究的新主题。 | 刘微娜 季浏 Watson ⅡJack C | 2009 | 体育科学2009，29，11： | 34 |
| 4 | 地下水铀污染的原位微生物还原与固定:在美国能源部田纳西橡树岭放射物污染现场的试验显示文摘总结了美国斯坦福大学和橡树岭国家实验室等在美国能源部田纳西州橡树岭综合试验基地进行的铀污染原位微生物修复阶段性试验结果.本试验利用微生物以乙醇为电子供体还原地下水和沉积物中的六价铀为不溶解的四价铀,使之原位固定化.随后通过加入溶解氧和硝酸盐来试验微生物还原后的地下水层中还原固定态铀的稳定性.通过预处理和长期间隔注入乙醇溶液,地下水中铀浓度从40~60mg·L-1降至0.03mg·L-1以下,达到了美国环保署饮用水的标准.还原的四价铀主要以U(Ⅳ)-Fe复合物的形态存在.结果表明,固定化后的四价铀只有在厌氧条件下才是稳定的,溶解氧和硝酸盐侵入地下水层后会使固定化的四价铀重新氧化为溶解态的六价铀.在试验过程中,采用多种分子生物学方法检测了微生物种群的变化和与铀氧化还原反应有关的功能微生物.本研究表明,在维持试验系统无氧和无硝酸盐的条件下,通过添加乙醇为电子供体可有效地促进地下水中土著功能微生物的活性,从而实现铀的原位还原固定与稳定. | 吴唯民 Jack Carley David Watson 顾宝华 Scott Brooks Shelly D.Kelly Kenneth Kemner Joy D.van Nostrand 吴力游 许玫英 周集中 罗剑 Erick Cardenas 黄家琪 Matthew W.Fields Terence L.Marsh James M.Tiedje Stefan J.Green Joel E.Kostka Peter K.Kitanidis Philip M.Jardme CraigS.Criddle | 2011 | 环境科学学报2011，31，3： | 28 |
| 5 | 成人、儿童及孕妇特发性血小板减少性紫癜诊治指南显示文摘特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)是一种自体免疫性疾病,以持续性血小板减少为特征(血小板<150×109/L).其发病机理是自身抗体与血小板抗原结合导致它们在未成熟时即被网状内皮系统,特别是在脾脏中被破坏引起血小板减少. | Provan D Newland A Norfolk D Bolton-Maggs P Lilleyman J Greer I May A Murphy M Ouwehand W Watson S 李振宇 徐开林 | 2004 | 国外医学(输血及血液学分册)2004，27，4： | 25 |
| 6 | 管理信息系统(MIS):背景、核心课程、学术流派及主要国际学术会议与刊物评介显示文摘管理信息系统(managementinformationsystem,MIS)是一门新兴的交叉学科.简介了这一学科创立的背景,国际MIS学科核心课程,当今世界MIS学科领域的主要学术流派及主要的国际学术会议及刊物,以期中国MIS领域的专家学者更好地知已知彼,为在国际MIS学术刊物上发表更多的学术论文提供一些参考建议. | W. Huang K.K. Wei R. Watson | 2003 | 管理科学学报2003，6，6： | 26 |
| 7 | MicroRNAs, development of Barrett’s esophagus, and progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma显示文摘Barrett's esophagus is a premalignant condition caused by gastroesophageal reflux. Once developed, it can progress through varying grades of dysplasia to esoph-ageal adenocarcinoma. Whilst it is well accepted that Barrett's esophagus is caused by gastroesophageal reflux, the molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis and progression to cancer remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short segments of RNA that have been shown to control the expression of many human genes. They have been implicated in most cellular processes, and the role of miRNAs in disease development is be-coming increasingly evident. Understanding altered miRNA expression is likely to help unravel the molecular mechanisms that underpin the development of Barrett's esophagus and its progression to cancer. | Cameron M Smith David I Watson Michael Z Michael Damian J Hussey | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，5： | 23 |
| 8 | Towards 10 Gb/s orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based visible light communication using a GaN violet micro-LED显示文摘Visible light communication(VLC)is a promising solution to the increasing demands for wireless connectivity.Gallium nitride micro-sized light emitting diodes(micro-LEDs)are strong candidates for VLC due to their high bandwidths.Segmented violet micro-LEDs are reported in this work with electrical-to-optical bandwidths up to 655 MHz.An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based VLC system with adaptive bit and energy loading is demonstrated,and a data transmission rate of 11.95 Gb/s is achieved with a violet micro-LED,when the nonlinear distortion of the micro-LED is the dominant noise source of the VLC system.A record 7.91 Gb/s data transmission rate is reported below the forward error correction threshold using a single pixel of the segmented array when all the noise sources of the VLC system are present. | MOHAMED SUFYAN ISLIM RICARDO X.FERREIRA XIANGYU HE ENYUAN XIE STEFAN VIDEV SHAUN VIOLA SCOTT WATSON NIKOLAOS BAMIEDAKIS RICHARD V.PENTY IAN H.WHITE ANTHONY E.KELLY ERDAN GU HARALD HAAS MARTIN D.DAWSON | 2017 | Photonics Research2017，5，2： | 23 |
| 9 | 面向全球的护理领导力的四个要素——2014年美国磁性大会主题发言显示文摘本文根据2014年10月9日Jean Watson在美国德克萨斯州达拉斯市召开的美国磁性大会上的主题发言整理而来。旨在探索护士作为向全球提供服务的领导者,其领导力如何形成。Jean Watson认为新形势下的领导力由人文关怀、同情心和爱等核心价值观所指引,包括四个要素:批判、关爱、创造、改革。 | Jean Watson 陶珍晖 李君 邓俊 | 2015 | 中国护理管理2015，15，3： | 20 |
| 10 | 三株病原真菌对稗草生防潜力的研究显示文摘从稻田中采集自然感病的稗草标样,分离获得10余种病原真菌,经生测,链格孢菌、尖角突脐孢菌和内脐孢菌是3株很有希望的稗草生防潜力菌。对它们的生长及产孢特性、寄主范围及孢子悬浮液喷雾接种对水稻和稗草的致病性等进行了研究。结果表明,3个菌各有优缺点。链格孢菌对稗草致病力稍差,对水稻有轻度感染,但其产孢速度快,产孢量大;尖角突脐孢菌对稗致病力强,对稻无影响,但产生孢子慢,气生菌丝多;内脐孢菌对稗致病力强,对稻安全,菌落生长较慢,但产孢速度快,产孢量多,气生菌丝少。黑暗、空气充足有利于3菌株的生长及产孢。 | 黄世文 段桂芳 余柳青 Watson A.K. | 2001 | 植物保护学报2001，28，4： | 18 |
| 11 | XRCC1 and DNA polymerase β in cellular protection against cytotoxic DNA single-strand breaks显示文摘 | Julie K Horton Mary Watson Donna F Stefanick Daniel T Shaughnessy Jack A Taylor Samuel H Wilson | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，1： | 17 |
| 12 | PM_(2.5)及其测量与影响研究简史显示文摘美国率先建立的国家环境空气质量标准(NAAQS)旨在保护公众健康,而该理念已被包括中国在内的众多国家所采用。针对大气悬浮颗粒物(PM),NAAQS根据PM在仪器检测以及人体吸入时的粒径选择性特征,定义了总悬浮颗粒(TSP)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)及其相应的质量浓度标准。这些指标的建立是基于长达300年来颗粒物监测技术发展及其危害评价的结果。因此2012年中国在颁布实施新PM_(2.5)空气质量标准时,PM_(2.5)的监测及评价方面有了更多科学积累与技术选择。本文简要回顾了PM的粒径分布、化学组成、可吸入特征、人体健康效应及空气质量标准等研究简史,根据其他国家的发展经验,提出中国在观测网络设计、测量仪器选择和使用、质量控制和质量保证及监测结果分析等方面需要确立自己独特的行业指南。对于未来空气质量的管理和标准制定,应同时考虑多种污染物及其对公众健康、能见度、气候、材料及生态系统的影响。 | CHOW Judith C 曹军骥 李顺诚 王小亮 WATSON John G | 2012 | 地球环境学报2012，3，5： | 17 |
| 13 | Caring Science in Nursing.coming of Age in:Theory-Practice-Research显示文摘Jean Watson(华生)博士通过探究护理的哲学与科学根基,比较自然科学之医学典范与人文科学之护理典范的差异,以'Caring'为护理核心本质,发展了关怀科学(Caring Science)。本论著中Watson博士概述了关怀科学的理论根基——整体论(Unitary Ontology),及其伦理归属(Ethic of Belonging);介绍了人文关怀的10大要素(Caritas Processes);阐述了人际间关怀时刻(Transpersonal Caring Moment)的内涵以及护理人员实现人性关怀的方法学(CaritasHeart TM Methodology)。最后,Watson博士提出了关怀科学在护理实践应用的指导方针。希望此论著对我国护理工作者认识和实践人文关怀有所裨益! | Jean Watson | 2014 | 护理学杂志(综合版)2014，29，1： | 15 |
| 14 | miR-200 family expression is downregulated upon neoplastic progression of Barrett's esophagus显示文摘AIM: To investigate miR-200 family expression in Barrett's epithelium, gastric and duodenal epithelia, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to measure miR-200, ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of miR-200 targets was used to predict biological outcomes. RESULTS: Barrett's epithelium expressed lower levels of miR-141 and miR-200c than did gastric and duodenal epithelia (P < 0.001). In silico analysis indicated roles for the miR-200 family in molecular pathways that distinguish Barrett's epithelium from gastric and duodenalepithelia, and which control apoptosis and proliferation. All miR-200 members were downregulated in adenocarcinoma (P < 0.02), and miR-200c expression was also downregulated in non-invasive epithelium adjacent to adenocarcinoma (P < 0.02). The expression of all miR-200 members was lower in Barrett's epithelium derived high-grade dysplastic cell lines than in a cell line derived from benign Barrett's epithelium. We observed signif icant inverse correlations between miR-200 family expression and ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression in Barrett's epithelium and esophageal adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: miR-200 expression might contribute to the anti-apoptotic and proliferative phenotype of Barrett's epithelium and regulate key neoplastic processes in this epithelium. | Cameron M Smith David I Watson Mary P Leong George C Mayne Michael Z Michael Bas PL Wijnhoven Damian J Hussey | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，8： | 13 |
| 15 | 中国奶牛群改良项目(DHI)实施效果显示文摘目的:
在过去十年中,中国国内生产总值的年平均增长速度达到了前所未有的8.8%.中国人的生活水平随之提高,人们对食品的消费方式也由追求数量转向讲究质量和品种多样化.牛乳并不是中国人的传统饮品,但随着食物消费方式的改变,人们对牛乳的消费量稳步上升.在中国,乳制品的消费量在过去两年中增加了25%以上.这种增长趋势仍将持续下去,有分析家预测今后三十年内,中国的人均牛乳年消费量将由现在的7-8公斤增加到25公斤以上.中国的乳牛业要想跟上乳品消费的增长速度,就必须以现代化的方式进行生奶生产. | Robert Watson 张萍 | 2001 | 乳业科学与技术2001，24，1： | 12 |
| 16 | 氧化剂、抗氧化剂与目前转移癌的难治性显示文摘序2013年伊始(1月8日),"DNA双螺旋之父"、诺贝尔生物医学奖获得者James D.Watson发表了一篇题为"氧化剂、抗氧化剂与目前转移癌的难治性"(Oxidants,antioxidants and the current incurability of metastatic cancers)的论文,这篇文章刊载于英国皇家学会期刊《Open Biology》。文中,作者依据大量最新的研究成果,提出了目前无法治愈的癌症、尤其是在晚期转移性癌症中,关于氧化剂和抗氧化剂所发挥的作用及其分子机理的新认识。作者在癌症的治疗方向上,具有战略性前瞻眼光,文章证据翔实,观点新颖,颇富启发性。为使更多的临床和科研工作者能够了解学习这些新的理论观点,并将其应用于临床及科学研究,甘肃省医学科学研究院几位富有朝气的年轻科研人员及时地将这一颇有价值的长篇大作翻译成中文,刊登在这里。 | 朱公建 闵建平 王涛 王海涛 张秀莉 郭欢 Jim Watson | 2013 | 甘肃医药2013，32，5： | 12 |
| 17 | Rotational assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with reconstructive gastrointestinal surgical anatomy显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the success rates of performing therapy utilizing a rotational assisted enteroscopy device in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) in surgically altered anatomy patients. METHODS: Between June 1, 2009 and November 8, 2012, we performed 42 ERCPs with the use of rotational enteroscopy for patients with altered anatomy(39 with gastric bypass Roux-en-Y, 2 with Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy, and 1 with hepaticojejunostomy associated with liver transplant). The indications for ERCP were: choledocholithiasis: 13 of 42(30.9%), biliary obstruction suggested on imaging: 20 of 42(47.6%), suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: 4 of 42(9.5%), abnormal liver enzymes: 1 of 42(2.4%), ascending cholangitis: 2 of 42(4.8%), and bile leak: 2 of 42(4.8%). All procedures were completed with the Olympus SIF-Q180 enteroscope and the Endo-Ease Discovery SB overtube produced by Spirus Medical. RESULTS: Successful visualization of the major ampulla was accomplished in 32 of 42 procedures(76.2%). Cannulation of the bile duct was successful in 26 of 32 procedures reaching the major ampulla(81.3%). Successful therapeutic intervention was completed in 24 of 26 procedures in which the bileduct was cannulated(92.3%). The overall intention to treat success rate was 64.3%. In terms of cannulation success, the intention to treat success rate was 61.5%. Ten out of forty two patients(23.8%) required admission to the hospital after procedure for abdominal pain and nausea, and 3 of those 10 patients(7.1%) had a diagnosis of post-ERCP pancreatitis. The average hospital stay was 3 d.CONCLUSION: It is reasonable to consider an attempt at rotational assisted ERCP prior to a surgical intervention to alleviate biliary complications in patients with altered surgical anatomy. | Majed El Zouhairi James B Watson Svetang V Desai David K Swartz Alejandra Castillo-Roth Mahfuzul Haque Paul S Jowell Malcolm S Branch Rebecca A Burbridge | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，3： | 10 |
| 18 | 论胸式呼吸在聋儿言语康复中的危害性显示文摘针对国内聋儿康复机构采用胸式呼吸训练方法比较普遍的现象,本文从理论研究与科学实验两个方面来探讨聋儿言语障碍与胸式呼吸训练方法的相关性,认为胸式呼吸训练方法是导致聋儿吐字不连续、硬起音、高音调和共鸣异常等症状的主要原因。通过客观数据进一步证明胸式呼吸训练对于接受康复的聋儿极具危害性,指出应遵循呼吸的生理规律,及时将胸式呼吸纠正为腹式呼吸,只有腹式呼吸才能够为聋儿的言语活动提供舒适、自然和持久的动力支持。 | 黄昭鸣 万萍 杜晓新 Colin Watson 王衍龙 | 2005 | 中国听力语言康复科学杂志2005，34，4： | 8 |
| 19 | 应用神经网络和统计模型预测大豆生长发育阶段显示文摘预测大豆的物候期对指导大豆生产、安排农事活动等具有重大意义。本研究构建了一种简单有效的预测模型,使大豆种植者能够较准确地预测大豆各生育阶段的具体日期。试验地位于美国密西西比Delta研究推广中心(经度:90°55'W,纬度:33°25'N)。试验进行了5年,前4年(1998—2001)数据构建模型,第5年(2002)的数据验证模型。为简化模型,杂草、病虫害、干旱等干扰因素被优化排除。采用逐步回归(SR)、神经网络(ANN)以及内插法构建模型。营养(V-stage)和生殖(R-stage)生长阶段分别建模。结果表明,通过播种日期(PD)和从播种到某阶段的相对平均天数能很准确地预测营养生长各阶段的具体日期;可通过播种日期和成熟期组数值(MG)准确预测生殖生长各阶段的具体日期。3种方法中,神经网络所构建的模型准确度最高,具有较好的推广应用价值。 | 张久权 张凌霄 张明华 WATSON Clarence | 2009 | 作物学报2009，35，2： | 8 |
| 20 | MicroRNA signatures in chemotherapy resistant esophageal cancer cell lines显示文摘AIM:To investigate expression of microRNA(miRNA)and potential targets in chemotherapy resistant esoph-ageal cancer cell lines.METHODS:An in-vitro model of acquired chemotherapy resistance in esophageal adeno-(EAC)and squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)cells was used,and microRNA expression profiles for cisplatin or 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)resistant variants vs chemotherapy sensitive controls were compared using microarray and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The expression of chemotherapy-relevant genes potentially targeted by the dysregulated microRNAs in the chemotherapy resistant variants was also evaluated.RESULTS:Chemotherapy resistant sublines were found to have specific miRNA signatures,and these miRNA signatures were different for the cisplatin vs 5-FU resistant cells from the same tumor cell line,and also for EAC vs ESCC cells with resistance to the same specific chemotherapy agent.Amongst others,miR-27b-3p,miR-193b-3p,miR-192-5p,miR-378 a-3p,miR-125a-5p and miR-18a-3p were dysregulated,consistent with negative posttranscriptional control of KRAS,TYMS,ABCC3,CBL-B and ERBB2 expression via these miRNAs.CONCLUSION:The current study supports the hypothesis that microRNA expression has an impact on chemotherapy resistance in esophageal cancer. | Richard Hummel Corina Sie David I Watson Tingting Wang Alfiya Ansar Michael Z Michael Mark Van der Hoek Joerg Haier Damian J Hussey | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，40： | 8 |
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