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| 1 | Evaluation of Gray Leaf Spot Tolerant Genotypes from CIMMYT in the Highland Maize Production Eco-systems of Bhutan显示文摘 | Tirtha Bdr. Katwal Dorji Wangchuk Lhap Dorji Namgay Wangdi Rinzin Choney | 2013 | Journal of Life Sciences2013，7，5： | 4 |
| 2 | Geographical distribution of the incidence of gastric cancer in Bhutan显示文摘AIM: To estimate the prevalence of gastric cancer(GC) in a cohort of patients diagnosed with GC and to compare it with patients diagnosed with all other types of gastro-intestinal(GI) cancer during the same period.METHODS: Between 2008 and 2013,five-year period,the medical records of all GI cancer patients who underwent medical care and confirm diagnosis of cancer were reviewed at the National Referral Hospital,Thimphu which is the only hospital in the country where surgical and cancer diagnosis can be made. Demographic information,type of cancer,and the year of diagnosis were collected.RESULTS: There were a total of 767 GI related cancer records reviewed during the study period of which 354(46%) patients were diagnosed with GC. There were 413 patients with other GI cancer including; esophagus,colon,liver,rectum,pancreas,gall bladder,cholangiocarcinoma and other GI tract cancers. The GC incidence rate is approximately 0.9/10000 per year(367 cases/5years per 800000 people). The geographic distribution of GC was the lowest in the south region of Bhutan 0.3/10000 per year compared to the central region 1.4/10000 per year,Eastern region 1.2/10000 per year,and the Western region 1.1/10000 per year. Moreover,GC in the South part was significantly lower than the other GI cancer in the same region(8% vs 15%; OR = 1.8,95%CI: 1.3-3.1,P = 0.05). Among GC patients,38% were under the age of 60 years,mean age at diagnosis was 62.3(± 12.1) years with male-to-female ratio 1:0.5. The mean age among patients with all other type GI cancer was 60 years(± 13.2) and male-tofemale ratio of 1:0.7. At time of diagnosis of GC,342(93%) were at stage 3 and 4 of and by the year 2013; 80(23%) GC patients died compared to 31% death among patients with the all other GI cancer(P = 0.08).CONCLUSION: The incidence rate of GC in Bhutan is twice as high in the United States but is likely an underestimate rate because of unreported and undiagnosed cases in the villages. The high incidence of GC in Bhutan could be attributed to the high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection that we previously reported. The lowest incidence of GC in Southern part of the country could be due to the difference in the ethnicity as most of its population is of Indian and Nepal origin. Our current study emphasizes on the importance for developing surveillance and prevention strategies for GC in Bhutan. | Tashi Dendup James M Richter Yoshio Yamaoka Kinley Wangchuk Hoda M Malaty | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，38： | 4 |
| 3 | Species Richness, Diversity and Density of Understory Vegetation along Disturbance Gradients in the Himalayan Conifer Forest显示文摘We investigated whether species richness, diversity and density of understory herbaceous plants differed along logging(gap) and grazing(primarily by cattle) disturbance gradients, and sought to identify drivers of richness, diversity and density of understory vegetation of logged sites. A factorial experiment was conducted in the mixed conifer forest of Gidakom in Western Bhutan. Levels of the logging treatment included small(0.15 – 0.24 ha), medium(0.25 – 0.35 ha) and large(0.36 – 1.31 ha) gaps. The grazing treatment included grazed(primarily by cattle) and ungrazed(where herbivores were excluded by a fence) plots nested within each gap. Data were collected from 12 gaps(4 replicates at each level of logging) using the point intercept method. Shannon Weaver Diversity and Margalef's indices were used to estimate species diversity and describe species richness, respectively. Soil samples were analyzed for pH and nutrients. The interaction effect of logging and grazing was significant(p≤0.001) only on species diversity. Relative to ungrazed areas, species diversity was significantly higher(0.01≤p≤0.05) in medium grazed gaps. Under grazed conditions, soil P was negatively correlated with gap size and species diversity. While species diversity was positivelycorrelated(0.01≤p≤0.05) with soil N in grazed plots species richness was positively correlated(0.001≤p≤0.01) with soil N in ungrazed plots. Relative density of Yushania microphylla and Carex nubigena were higher under ungrazed conditions. Our study suggests that the combined effect of cattle grazing and logging results in higher species diversity of understory vegetation in medium and grazed gaps in mixed conifer forests of Bhutan,whereas increase or decrease in relative density of major species is determined primarily by the independent effects of grazing and logging. From management perspective, forest managers must refrain from creating large gaps to avoid loss of nutrients(mainly P and N), which may eventually affect tree regeneration. Managers intending to maintain understory vegetation diversity must consider the combined effects of grazing and logging, ensuring low to moderate grazing pressure. | Kesang WANGCHUK András DARABANT Prem Bahadur RAI Maria WURZINGER Werner ZOLLITSCH Georg GRATZER | 2014 | Journal of Mountain Science2014，11，5： | 2 |
| 4 | Epidemiology of H elicobacter pylori in B hutan: The Role of Environment and Geographic Location显示文摘 | Dorji Dorji Tashi Dendup Hoda M. Malaty Kinley Wangchuk Deki Yangzom James M. Richter | 2014 | Helicobacter2014，，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Fuelwood Use and Availability in Bhutan: Implications for National Policy and Local Forest Management显示文摘 | Sangay Wangchuk Stephen Siebert Jill Belsky | 2014 | Human Ecology2014，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | A prospective hospital - based surveillance to estimate rotavirus disease burden in bbutanese children under 5 years of age 显示文摘 | Wangchuk S Dorji T Tshering K | 2015 | Tropical medicine and health2015，43，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Antiplasmodial activity of atisinium chloride from the Bhutanese medicinal plant, Aconitum orochryseum 显示文摘 | Wangchuk P Bremner J B | 2010 | J Ethnopharmacol2010，，130： | 1 |
| 8 | Antimalarial alkaloids from a Bhutanese traditional medicinal plant Corydalis dubia 显示文摘 | Wangchuk P Keller P A Pyne S G | 2012 | J Ethnopharmaeol2012，143，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Antimicrobial, antimalarial and cytoxicity activities of constituents of a Bhutanese variety of Ajania nubigena 显示文摘 | Wangchuk P Keller PA Pyne SG Korth J Taweechotipatr M Rattanajak R Kamchonwongpaisan S | 2013 | Nat Prod Comm: An Int J Comm Rev2013，8，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Plant diversity of the Kangchenjunga Landscape, Eastern Himalayas显示文摘The Kangchenjunga Landscape (KL) in the Eastern Himalayas is a transboundary complex shared by Bhutan, India, and Nepal. It forms a part of the ‘Himalayan Biodiversity Hotspot’ and is one of the biologically richest landscapes in the Eastern Himalayas. In this paper, we use secondary information to review and consolidate the knowledge on the flora of the KL. We reviewed 215 journal articles, analysed the history of publications on the flora of the KL, their publication pattern in terms of temporal and spatial distribution and key research areas. Our review shows that the landscape has a long history of botanical research that dates back to the 1840s and progressed remarkably after the 1980s. Most of the studies have been carried out in India, followed by Nepal and Bhutan. The majority of these have been vegetation surveys, followed by research on ethnobotanical aspects and Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs). This paper describes the forest types and characteristic species of the KL and details the species richness, diversity and dominant families of seed plants. A total of 5198 species of seed plants belonging to 1548 genera and 216 families have been recorded from the landscape, including 3860 dicots, 1315 monocots and 23 gymnosperms. Among families, Orchidaceae is the most diversely represented family in terms of species richness. This paper also draws attention to the threatened and endemic flora of the KL, including 44 species that are threatened at national and global level and 182 species that are endemic. Finally, the paper reviews the major challenges facing the KL, the conservation efforts and practices that are currently in place and recommends systematic and comprehensive floral surveys, particularly long-term data collection and monitoring and transboundary collaboration, to address the existing knowledge gaps on floral diversity of the KL. | Pratikshya Kandel Nakul Chettri Ram P.Chaudhary Hemant Kumar Badola Kailash S.Gaira Sonam Wangchuk Namgay Bidha Yadav Uprety Eklabya Sharma | 2019 | Plant Diversity2019，41，3： | 1 |
| 11 | 金瓶掣签制度符合宗教仪轨和历史传统显示文摘The reincarnation of the Living Buddhas(sprul-sku)is a unique succession system of Tibetan Buddhism,and it is a prominent feature of Tibetan Buddhism developed in the Chinese context.After hundreds of years of development and evolution,this system has gradually formed a complete set of strict and rigorous religious rituals and historical customization,which are mainly reflected in the search,identification and enthronement. | 郑堆 Jigdrel Wangchuk(译) | 2023 | China Tibetology2023，，1： | 0 |
| 12 | Lowland pasture in Himalayan highland: edaphic properties and species composition显示文摘This study was carried out to investigate if on-farm cut vs. grazed pastures differed in soil fertility and species density in the temperate Himalayan highlands. Soil fertility and species relative density were measured from 30 cut and 30 grazed dairy pastures. In both types of pasture, soil pH, available phosphorus(P) and exchangeable potassium(K) were negatively correlated with pasture age and slope. In cut pasture, cocksfoot(Dactylis glomerata) and pasture age were positively correlated,whereas in grazed pasture, they were negatively correlated. In grazed pasture, unsown species and pasture age were positively correlated. Soil available P was significantly greater in cut pastures whereas soil exchangeable K was significantly greater in grazed pastures. In terms of species density, cut pasture had greater densities of cocksfoot and Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum), whereas grazed pasture showed greater densities of white clover, sedge and local grass. Our study suggests that, if there are no improvements in the current method of pasture management, the cut pastures in the future are likely to have a simple pasture mixture constituting only cocksfoot and white clover(Trifolium repens).Whereas in grazed pasture, the pasture mixture is likely to be comprised of white clover and unsown species such as sedge, local grass and broadleaf weeds. | Kesang WANGCHUK | 2016 | Journal of Mountain Science2016，13，3： | 0 |
| 13 | IBIS-FM radar as a tool for monitoring hill slopes during excavations in hydropower projects:A case study from Bhutan Himalayas显示文摘Excavation is common in the construction of hydropower projects.Monitoring for both stable and unstable slopes is a pressing requirement during progressive excavations with or without cut-slope support measures.The present study is about an excavation carried out in a proposed concrete gravity dam site on the right bank slope of the Punatsangchhu River in western Bhutan.During the excavation,the right bank abutment witnessed multiple events of slope failures of various magnitudes.One major landslide occurred on 23 July 2013 in the toe of the right abutment,where foliation/multiple sheared/fractured zones/seams in quartz-feldspathic biotite gneiss dip towards the valley.During further excavations/piling works,a subsequent landslide on the downstream,within the body of the July 2013 landslide,occurred on 12 August 2016.As a result,a real-time monitoring of the slope became necessary to facilitate further excavations for achieving the dam foundation.Thus,the advanced slope monitoring instrument like Image By Interferometric Survey e Frequency Modulated(IBIS-FM)radar was deployed for monitoring the right bank slope during the excavation for the construction of~129 m high dam.The displacement of the hill slope is assessed based on this system by monitoring point locations as well as areas by assigning different threshold values for providing timely alerts.This real-time monitoring was effective in identifying the reactivation of August 2016 landslide that occurred on 22 January 2019.Thus,this study showcases the efficiency of IBIS-FM radar in monitoring slope instability with sub-millimeter accuracy on a near real-time basis. | K.R Praveen Jamyang Chophel Jigme Wangchuk Karma Tshewang Naveen Chander Bansal | 2022 | Energy Geoscience2022，3，2： | 0 |
| 14 | Community Based Seed Production-A Sustainable Seed Production Model for Subsistence of Bhutanese Maize Farmers显示文摘 | Tirtha Bdr. Katwal Doriji Wangchuk Namgay Wangdi Rinzin Choney Lhap Dorji | 2015 | Journal of Food Science and Engineering2015，5，2： | 0 |
| 15 | Inadvertent advancement of guide wire across the knee caused by incarcerated bone fragment at the nail tip during femoral nailing显示文摘在成年人的大腿骨的柄的骨折与联锁的 intramedullary 普通、主要管理钉子。复杂并发症在关上的 intramedullary 期间,大腿骨的钉是不平常的,并且被技术原因主要他们引起。我们描述为由于在钉子尖端的监禁骨头碎片,一根堵塞 intramedullary 指南电线越过膝是无意中先进的大腿骨的柄在破裂钉关上的一个案例。引起这复杂并发症的钉子插入的有力的尝试,它是可能归因钉设计。 | Dhananjaya Sabat Tsering Wangchuk Anil Dhal | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2014，17，2： | 0 |
| 16 | THE MAGNIFICENT LANDSCAPE AT THE END OF THE DANGEROUS PATH-THE ROAD TO CHAMDO显示文摘People say the road between Sichuan and Tibet is rather dangerous,especially the section close to Chamdo. My first experience of this road worried me a lot because of its poor condition.That was in the middle of June in 2010,just several months before the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the liberation of Chamdo.I, together with my colleagues,was sent to there to report on the associated celebrations.Our destination was Gatar Township of Tengchen County,where we | Tashi Wangchuk | 2010 | China's Tibet2010，21，6： | 0 |
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