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| 1 | Rifting process and formation mechanisms of syn-rift stage prolongation in the deepwater basin, northern South China Sea显示文摘Based on the latest seismic and geological data, tectonic subsidence of three seismic lines in the deepwater area of Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB), the northern South China Sea (SCS), is calculated. The result shows that the rifting process of study area is different from the typical passive continental margin basin. Although the seafloor spreading of SCS initiated at 32 Ma, the tectonic subsidence rate does not decrease but increases instead, and then decreases at about 23 Ma, which indicates that the rifting continued after the onset of seafloor spreading until about 23 Ma. The formation thickness exhibits the same phenomenon, that is the syn-rift stage prolonged and the post-rift thermal subsidence delayed. The formation mechanisms are supposed to be three: (1) the lithospheric rigidity of the northern SCS is weak and its ductility is relatively strong, which delayed the strain relaxation resulting from the seafloor spreading; (2) the differential layered independent extension of the lithosphere may be one reason for the delay of post-rift stage; and (3) the southward transition of SCS spreading ridge during 24 to 21 Ma and the corresponding acceleration of seafloor spreading rate then triggered the initiation of large-scale thermal subsidence in the study area at about 23 Ma. | DONG DongDong WU ShiGuo ZHANG GongCheng YUAN ShengQiang | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，23： | 27 |
| 2 | Submarine Landslides on the North Continental Slope of the South China Sea显示文摘Recent and paleo-submarine landslides are widely distributed within strata in deep-water areas along continental slopes, uplifts, and carbonate platforms on the north continental margin of the South China Sea(SCS). In this paper, high-resolution 3D seismic data and multibeam data based on seismic sedimentology and geomorphology are employed to assist in identifying submarine landslides. In addition, deposition models are proposed that are based on specific geological structures and features, and which illustrate the local stress field over entire submarine landslides in deep-water areas of the SCS. The SCS is one of the largest fluvial sediment sinks in enclosed or semi-enclosed marginal seas worldwide. It therefore provides a set of preconditions for the formation of submarine landslides, including rapid sediment accumulation, formation of gas hydrates, and fluid overpressure. A new concept involving temporal and spatial analyses is tested to construct a relationship between submarine landslides and different time scale trigger mechanisms, and three mechanisms are discussed in the context of spatial scale and temporal frequency: evolution of slope gradient and overpressure, global environmental changes, and tectonic events. Submarine landslides that are triggered by tectonic events are the largest but occur less frequently, while submarine landslides triggered by the combination of slope gradient and overpressure evolution are the smallest but most frequently occurring events. In summary, analysis shows that the formation of submarine landslides is a complex process involving the operation of different factors on various time scales. | WANG Weiwei WANG Dawei WU Shiguo VOKER David ZENG Hongliu CAI Guanqiang LI Qingping | 2018 | Journal of Ocean University of China2018，17，1： | 11 |
| 3 | Testing the mantle plume hypothesis: an IODP effort to drill into the Kamchatka-Okhotsk Sea basement显示文摘The great mantle plume debate(GPD) has been going on for ~15 years(Foulger and Natland, 2003;Anderson, 2004; Niu, 2005; Davies, 2005; Foulger, 2005; Campbell, 2005; Campbell and Davies, 2006),centered on whether mantle plumes exist as a result of Earth's cooling or whether their existence is purely required for convenience in explaining certain Earth phenomena(Niu, 2005). Despite the mounting evidence that many of the so-called plumes may be localized melting anomalies, the debate is likely to continue. We recognize that the slow progress of the debate results from communication difficulties.Many debaters may not truly appreciate(1) what the mantle plume hypothesis actually is, and(2) none of the petrological, geochemical and geophysical methods widely used can actually provide smoking-gun evidence for or against mantle plume hypothesis. In this short paper, we clarify these issues, and elaborate a geologically effective approach to test the hypothesis. According to the mantle plume hypothesis, a thermal mantle plume must originate from the thermal boundary layer at the core-mantle boundary(CMB), and a large mantle plume head is required to carry the material from the deep mantle to the surface. The plume head product in ocean basins is the oceanic plateau, which is a lithospheric terrane that is large(1000's km across), thick(>200 km), shallow(2–4 km high above the surrounding seafloors), buoyant(~1% less dense than the surrounding lithosphere), and thus must be preserved in the surface geology(Niu et al., 2003). The Hawaiian volcanism has been considered as the surface expression of a type mantle plume, but it does not seem to have a(known) plume head product. If this is true, the Hawaiian mantle plume in particular and the mantle plume hypothesis in general must be questioned. Therefore, whether there is an oceanic plateau-like product for the Hawaiian volcanism is key to testing the mantle plume hypothesis, and the Kamchatka-Okhotsk Sea basement is the best candidate to find out if it is indeed the Hawaiian mantle plume head product or not(Niu et al., 2003; Niu, 2004). | Yaoling Niu Xuefa Shi Tiegang Li Shiguo Wu Weidong Sun Rixiang Zhu | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，21： | 8 |
| 4 | Tectonic contrast between the conjugate margins of the South China Sea and the implication for the differential extensional model显示文摘The extensional model of the South China Sea(SCS)has been widely studied,but remains under debate.Based on the latest high-quality multi-channel seismic data,bathymetric data,and other obtained seismic profiles,the asymmetric characteristics between the conjugate margins of the SCS are revealed and extensional model of the SCS margin is discussed further.Spatial variation of morphology,basement structure,and marginal faults are discovered among the SCS margin profiles.As for the NS-trending variation,the basement of northern margin displays in the shape of step downwards to the sea,while the basement of southern margin is composed of wide rotated and tilted blocks,without any obvious bathymetric change.The variation also exists in the development of marginal faults between the conjugate margins,and detachment fault system is identified on the southern margin.Along the southern margin from east to west,the Eastern and Southwestern Basins developed different structural units.Based on the tectonic contrast of the conjugate margins,differential extensional model is proposed to explain the spatial variation of the SCS structure,which introduces detachment faults controlling the evolution of the SCS.The upper crust above the detachment fault was deformed by simple shear,while the lower crust and upper mantle below the detachment fault was deformed by pure shear.Because of the different lateral transfer between the upper brittle faulting and the lower ductile extensional regions,there developed marginal plateau(Liyue basin)and outer rise(Zhenghe massif)on the lower plate margin of the Eastern Basin and the Southwestern Basin,respectively.The evolution of the present SCS may be influenced by the diachronous close of the paleo-SCS. | DONG DongDong WU ShiGuo LI JiaBiao Thomas LüDMANN | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，6： | 7 |
| 5 | Submarine slide evidence for late Miocene strike-slip reversal of the Red River Fault显示文摘During the late Miocene(~5.5 Ma), a large-scale submarine slide with an area of approximately 18000 km^2 and a maximum thickness of 930 m formed in the deep-water region of the Qiongdongnan Basin. The large-scale submarine slide has obvious features in seismic profile, with normal faults in the proximal region, escarpments at the lateral boundary, and a pronounced shear surface at the base. The internal seismic reflections are chaotic and enclosed by parallel and sub-parallel seismic events.The main direction of sediment transport was from south to north and the main sediment source was the southern region of the Qiongdongnan Basin, which is located in the east of the Indo-China Peninsula and the north of the Guangle uplift. In this region,late Miocene strike-slip reversal of the Red River Fault, uplift and increased erosion of the Indo-China Peninsula, and an abrupt rise in the rate of deposition in the western part of the South China Sea provided the basic conditions and triggering mechanism for the large-scale submarine slide. The discovery of the large-scale submarine slide provides sedimentological evidence for the tectonic event of late Miocene strike-slip reversal of the Red River Fault. It can also be inferred that the greatest tectonic activity during the process of the Red River Fault reversal occurred at ~5.5 Ma from the age of top surface of the submarine slide. | WANG DaWei WU ShiGuo LI ChunFeng YAO GenShun | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，11： | 6 |
| 6 | Post-Rifting Magmatism and the Drowned Reefs in the Xisha Archipelago Domain显示文摘Fourteen isolated drowned reefs have been identified around the Xisha Uplift by multibeam and seismic data. The drowning processes of these reefs can be divided into three different stages, which correspond to three different accelerated tectonic subsidence periods. The drowning of the Xisha reefs is the result of the combined action of tectonic subsidence and sea level fluctuations, and the tectonic subsidence rate had to remain above 0.2 mm yr^(-1 )for a long time. Three abrupt accelerated tectonic subsidence events that occurred in the late Miocene, Pliocene and early Quaternary in the Xisha Uplift were closely related to the thermal subsidence processes after three stages of post-rifting magmatism. The magmatism of the middle Miocene and the following thermal subsidence resulted in the drowning of reefs in the northwestern Xisha uplift(Zone A). During the early Pliocene, massive magmatic intrusions and volcanic eruptions occurred in the Xisha Uplift. Then, the subsequent thermal subsidence started the drowning process of reefs in the northeastern and western regions of the Xisha Uplift(Zone B and C). During the early Quaternary, large-scale magmatism also occurred in the Xisha Uplift. The subsequent thermal subsidence resulted in a new rapid tectonic subsidence, which caused the reefs in the southern and southeastern regions of the Xisha Uplift to drown(Zone D and E). | WANG Hongli ZHAO Qiang WU Shiguo WANG Dawei WANG Bin | 2018 | Journal of Ocean University of China2018，17，1： | 5 |
| 7 | Deep-Sea Geohazards in the South China Sea显示文摘Various geological processes and features that might inflict hazards identified in the South China Sea by using new technologies and methods.These features include submarine landslides,pockmark fields,shallow free gas,gas hydrates,mud diapirs and earthquake tsunami,which are widely distributed in the continental slope and reefal islands of the South China Sea.Although the study and assessment of geohazards in the South China Sea came into operation only recently,advances in various aspects are evolving at full speed to comply with National Marine Strategy and‘the Belt and Road’Policy.The characteristics of geohazards in deep-water seafloor of the South China Sea are summarized based on new scientific advances.This progress is aimed to aid ongoing deep-water drilling activities and decrease geological risks in ocean development. | WU Shiguo WANG Dawei VOKER David | 2018 | Journal of Ocean University of China2018，17，1： | 5 |
| 8 | Mass transport deposits and processes in the north slope of the Xisha Trough,northern South China Sea显示文摘Triple mass-transport deposits(MTDs) with areas of 625, 494 and 902 km2, respectively, have been identified on the north slope of the Xisha Trough, northern South China Sea margin. Based on high-resolution seismic reflection data and multi-beam bathymetric data, the Quaternary MTDs are characterized by typical geometric shapes and internal structures. Results of slope analysis showed that they are developed in a steep slope ranging from 5° to 35°. The head wall scarps of the MTDs arrived to 50 km in length(from headwall to termination). Their inner structures include well developed basal shear surface, growth faults, stepping lateral scarps, erosion grooves, and frontal thrust deformation. From seismic images, the central deepwater channel system of the Xisha Trough has been filled by interbedded channel-levee deposits and thick MTDs. Therefore, we inferred that the MTDs in the deepwater channel system could be dominated by far-travelled slope failure deposits even though there are local collapses of the trough walls. And then, we drew the two-dimensional process model and threedimensional structure model diagram of the MTDs. Combined with the regional geological setting and previous studies, we discussed the trigger mechanisms of the triple MTDs. | QIN Zhiliang WU Shiguo WANG Dawei LI Wei GONG Shaojun MI Lijun SPENCE George | 2015 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2015，34，9： | 4 |
| 9 | Tectonic Evolution of the Wanan Basin,Southwestern South China Sea显示文摘Wanan 盆的延期和沉淀上的量的研究被执行基于可得到地震并且和地区性的地质的数据的地上凿穿数据。用平衡剖面图和 backstripping 技术,我们重建了 stratigraphic 免职和盆的构造进化历史。形成从的盆始新世并且除了晚中新世的本地人通常处于一个 extensional/transtensional 国家 compressoin。在渐新世并且早的主要的盆延期 ocurred 中新世(在 ∼16.3 妈前) 并且处于更小的率的此后一致的段。北、中间的盆在 38.6-23.3 妈期间更早强烈地延长了,当南部的盆主要在 23.3-16.3 妈期间被拉长时。盆形成和发展与轮流出现有关对沿着 Wanan 差错地区的右罢工滑倒运动左首。主导的动力学可以被华南海传播的 seafloor 引起并且它的外部板相互作用。盆构造进化被划分成五个阶段:起始的 rifting,主要 rifting,裂缝飘移转变,结构的倒置,和热沉淀。 | Lü Caili ZHANG Gongcheng YAO Yongjian WU Shiguo | 2014 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2014，88，4： | 3 |
| 10 | A New Index Developed for Fast Diagnosis of Meteorological Roles in Ground-Level Ozone Variations显示文摘China experienced worsening ground-level ozone(O_(2)) pollution from 2013 to 2019. In this study, meteorological parameters, including surface temperature(T_(2)), solar radiation(SW), and wind speed(WS), were classified into two aspects,(1) Photochemical Reaction Condition(PRC = T_(2)× SW) and(2) Physical Dispersion Capacity(PDC = WS). In this way, a Meteorology Synthetic Index(MSI = PRC/PDC) was developed for the quantification of meteorology-induced ground-level O_(2)pollution. The positive linear relationship between the 90 th percentile of MDA8(maximum daily 8-h average) O_(2)concentration and MSI determined that the contribution of meteorological changes to ground-level O-3 varied on a latitudinal gradient, decreasing from ~40% in southern China to 10%–20% in northern China. Favorable photochemical reaction conditions were more important for ground-level O_(2)pollution. This study proposes a universally applicable index for fast diagnosis of meteorological roles in ground-level O_(2)variability, which enables the assessment of the observed effects of precursor emissions reductions that can be used for designing future control policies. | Weihua CHEN Weiwen WANG Shiguo JIA Jingying MAO Fenghua YAN Lianming ZHENG Yongkang WU Xingteng ZHANG Yutong DONG Lingbin KONG Buqing ZHONG Ming CHANG Min SHAO Xuemei WANG | 2022 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2022，39，3： | 2 |
| 11 | Identification of Fucans from Four Species of Sea Cucumber by High Temperature ~1H NMR显示文摘Acidic polysaccharide, which has various biological activities, is one of the most important components of sea cucumber. In the present study, crude polysaccharide was extracted from four species of sea cucumber from three different geographical zones, Pearsonothuria graeffei(Pg) from Indo-Pacific, Holothuria vagabunda(Hv) from Norwegian Coast, Stichopus tremulu(St) from Western Indian Ocean, and Isostichopus badionotu(Ib) from Western Atlantic. The polysaccharide extract was separated and purified with a cellulose DEAE anion-exchange column to obtain corresponding sea cucumber fucans(SC-Fucs). The chemical property of these SC-Fucs, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and sulfate content, was determined. Their structure was compared simply with fourier infrared spectrum analyzer and identified with high temperature 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum analyzer(NMR) and room temperature 13 C NMR. The results indicated that Fuc-Pg obtained from the torrid zone mainly contained 2,4-O-disulfated and non-sulfated fucose residue, whereas Fuc-Ib from the temperate zone contained non-, 2-O- and 2,4-O-disulfated fucose residue; Fuc-St from the frigid zone and Fuc-Hv from the torrid zone contained mainly non-sulfated fucose residue. The proton of SC-Fucs was better resolved via high temperature 1H NMR than via room temperature 1H NMR. The fingerprint of sea cucumber in different sea regions was established based on the index of anomer hydrogen signal in SC-Fucs. Further work will help to understand whether there exists a close relationship between the geographical area of sea cucumber and the sulfation pattern of SC-Fucs. | WU Nian CHEN Shiguo YE Xingqian LI Guoyun YIN Li'ang XUE Changhu | 2014 | Journal of Ocean University of China2014，13，5： | 2 |
| 12 | Relation of Submarine Landslide to HydrateOccurrences in Baiyun Depression,South China Sea显示文摘Submarine landslides have been observed in the Baiyun Depression of the South China Sea. The occurrence of hydrates below these landslides indicates that these slope instabilities may be closely related to the massive release of methane. In this study, we used a simple Monte-Carlo model to determine the first-order deformation pattern of a gravitationally destabilizing slope. The results show that a stress concentration occurs due to hydrate dissociation on the nearby glide surface and on top of a gas chimney structure. Upon the dissolution of the gas hydrate, slope failure occurs due to the excess pore pressure generated by the dissociation of the gas hydrates. When gas hydrates dissociate at shallow depths, the excess pore pressure generated can be greater than the total stress acting at those points, along with the forces that resist sliding. Initially, the failure occurs at the toe of the slope, then extends to the interior. Although our investigation focused only on the contribution of hydrate decomposition to submarine landslide, this process is also affected by both the slope material properties and topography. | SUN Yunbao ZHANG Xiaohua WU Shiguo WANG Lei YANG Shengxiong | 2018 | Journal of Ocean University of China2018，17，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Low-amplitude BSRs and gas hydrate concentration on the northern margin of the South China Sea显示文摘 | Shiguo Wu Xiujuan Wang How Kin Wong Guangxue Zhang | 2007 | Marine Geophysical Researches2007，，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Structure and antioxidant activity of a novel poly-N-acetylhexosamine produced by a medicinal fungus显示文摘 | Shiguo Chen Ka-Chai Siu Wen-Qiang Wang Xing-Xun Liu Jian-Yong Wu | 2013 | Carbohydrate Polymers2013，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic Deposits in a Channel Complex in the Northern South China Sea显示文摘New high-resolution 3D seismic data image a submarine channel complex in the northern slope of the South China Sea.The channel complex stretches hundreds of kilometers across the slope and flows into the deepsea from the siliciclastic shelf margin,linking neritic environment to the pelagic plain.The evolution of the channel complex developed two sedimentary stages,stage I(19.1–18.5 Ma)and stage II(18.5–17.5 Ma),separated by erosional surfaces.In the first stage,the complex was filled with pure siliciclastic sediments,forming thick-massive sandstone intercalated by thin layers of mudstone.During the stage II,the channel complex was deposited five carbonate-siliciclastic cycles.The unexpected channel-fill carbonate deposits present allochthonous characteristics,suggesting the siliciclastic channel was surprisingly used to transport carbonate sediment from the adjacent neritic carbonate platform.By analyzing the periodical carbonate sedimentary process in the siliciclastic channel complex,we infer that it was related to the in situ carbonate production of the neritic carbonate platform and was most likely to be controlled by the relative sea-level changes.Unlike line-source carbonate slope aprons or small-sized carbonate channels,the large-sized siliciclastic channel complex links directly neritic carbonate platform to deepwater basin and can transport large volumes of neritic carbonates to the pelagic environment in a short period.The new findings help to estimate the contributions of neritic siliciclastic shelf and carbonate platform to deepwater slope more accurately.This study suggests that channel systems are more complex than expected and have significant implications on the conceptual models describing the deepwater sedimentary theory. | Benjun Ma Shiguo Wu Lijun Mi Thomas Lüdmann Jinwei Gao Wei Gao | 2018 | Journal of Earth Science2018，29，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Low-amplitude BSRs and gas hydrate concentration on the northern margin of the South China Sea显示文摘 | Shiguo Wu Xiujuan Wang How Kin Wong Guangxue Zhang | 2007 | Marine Geophysical Researches2007，，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Shallow gas and focused fluid flow systems in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea显示文摘 | Sun Qiliang Wu Shiguo Cartwright J | 2012 | Marine Geology2012，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Compaction of Deepwater Shallow Sediments显示文摘To study the compaction law and overpressure evolution in deepwater shallow sediments, a large-strain compaction model that considers material nonlinearity and moving boundary is formulated. The model considers the dependence of permeability and material properties on void ratio. The modified Cam-Clay model is selected as the constitutive relations of the sediments, and the deactivation/reactivation method is used to capture the moving top surface during the deposition process. A one-dimensional model is used to study the compaction law of the shallow sediments. Results show that the settlement of the shallow sediments is large under their own weight during compaction. The void ratio decreases strictly with burial depth and decreases more quickly near the seafloor than in the deeper layers. The generation of abnormal pressure in the shallow flow sands is closely related to the compaction law of shallow sediments. The two main factors that affect the generation of overpressure in the sands are deposition rate and permeability of overlying clay sediments. Overpressure increases with an increase in deposition rate and a decrease in the permeability of the overlying clay sediment. Moreover, an upper limit for the overpressure exists. A two-dimensional model is used to study the differential compaction of the shallow sediments. The pore pressure will still increase due to the inflow of the pore fluid from the neighboring clay sediment even though the deposition process is interrupted. | SUN Jin WU Shiguo DENG Jingen LIN Hai ZHANG Hanyu WANG Jiliang GAO Jinwei | 2018 | Journal of Ocean University of China2018，17，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Pre-Drilling Prediction Techniques on the High-Temperature High-Pressure Hydrocarbon Reservoirs Offshore Hainan Island,China显示文摘Decreasing the risks and geohazards associated with drilling engineering in high-temperature high-pressure(HTHP) geologic settings begins with the implementation of pre-drilling prediction techniques(PPTs). To improve the accuracy of geopressure prediction in HTHP hydrocarbon reservoirs offshore Hainan Island, we made a comprehensive summary of current PPTs to identify existing problems and challenges by analyzing the global distribution of HTHP hydrocarbon reservoirs, the research status of PPTs, and the geologic setting and its HTHP formation mechanism. Our research results indicate that the HTHP formation mechanism in the study area is caused by multiple factors, including rapid loading, diapir intrusions, hydrocarbon generation, and the thermal expansion of pore fluids. Due to this multi-factor interaction, a cloud of HTHP hydrocarbon reservoirs has developed in the Ying-Qiong Basin, but only traditional PPTs have been implemented, based on the assumption of conditions that do not conform to the actual geologic environment, e.g., Bellotti's law and Eaton's law. In this paper, we focus on these issues, identify some challenges and solutions, and call for further PPT research to address the drawbacks of previous works and meet the challenges associated with the deepwater technology gap. In this way, we hope to contribute to the improved accuracy of geopressure prediction prior to drilling and provide support for future HTHP drilling offshore Hainan Island. | ZHANG Hanyu LIU Huaishan WU Shiguo SUN Jin YANG Chaoqun XIE Yangbing CHEN Chuanxu GAO Jinwei WANG Jiliang | 2018 | Journal of Ocean University of China2018，17，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Tectonics of the southern tip of the Parece Vela Basin, Philippine Sea Plate显示文摘 | Kyoko Okino Yasuhiko Ohara Toshiya Fujiwara Sang-Mook Lee Kin’ichiro Koizumi Yasuyuki Nakamura Shiguo Wu | 2007 | Tectonophysics2007，，3： | 1 |
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