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| 1 | 使用高分辨率的地形数据作为地震场地条件替代指标的研究显示文摘近年来,从美国航天飞机雷达地形测绘使命(SRTM)30弧秒(arcsec)的数字高程模型(DEM)中提出一种估计全球地震场地条件或者地下30m的平均剪切波速(VS30)的新方法。在缺少基于地质和岩土的场地条件分布图的地区,使用该方法的前提是通过VS30的测量值和地形坡度的相关性,可以把地形坡度作为一个可靠估计VS30的替代指标。在这里,我们来检验使用高分辨率(3弧秒和9弧秒)的数字高程模型数据是否能够解析出比使用低分辨率航天飞机雷达地形测绘数据更详细的VS30数据。在全球范围内,并不能全部获得比30弧秒更高分辨率的数字高程模型数据。然而,在存在这些数据的许多地区,这些数据被用来解译地形坡度的精尺度变化,并最终解译VS30。我们使用美国地质调查局地球资源观测和科学(EROS)数据中心的国家高程数据集(NED),在美国几个地区研究使用高分辨率的数字高程模型数据来估计VS30,这些地区包括加利福尼亚州的旧金山湾地区、洛杉矶、加利福尼亚州及密苏里州圣路易斯市。我们将这些结果与全球范围内都能获取的台湾台北市使用9弧秒航天飞机雷达地形测绘数据的例子作比较。使用较高分辨率的美国国家高程数据集重新得到更精细尺度的地形坡度变化,这可更好地与地质和地貌特征相关联,特别是在丘陵-盆地之间的过渡带,确保使用30弧秒的航天飞机雷达地形测绘数据是可行的。然而,统计分析表明,与低分辨率地形所得到的VS30测量值相比,测量值很少或者没有得到改善提高。这表明一些地形平滑处理可能会提供更稳定的VS30估计。此外我们发现,在精度高于30弧秒的航天飞机雷达地形测绘数据有遮盖的地区高程变化范围过大,不能解译出可靠的坡度,特别是在较低坡度的沉积盆地。 | T. I. Allen D.J. Wald 陈鲲(译) 刘爱文(校) | 2009 | 世界地震译丛2009，40，6： | 7 |
| 2 | Improved performance of UVC-LEDs by combination of high-temperature annealing and epitaxially laterally overgrown AlN/sapphire显示文摘We report on the performance of AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes(UV-LEDs)emitting at 265 nm grown on stripe-patterned high-temperature annealed(HTA)epitaxially laterally overgrown(ELO)aluminium nitride(AIN)/sapphire templates.For this purpose,the structural and electro-optical properties of ultraviolet-c light-emitting diodes(UVC-LEDs)on as-grown and on HTA planar AlN/sapphire as well as ELO AlN/sapphire with and without HTA are investigated and compared.Cathodoluminescence measurements reveal dark spot densities of 3.5×10^9 cm^-2,1.1×10^9 cm^-2,1.4×10^9 cm^-2,and 0.9×10^9 cm^-2 in multiple quantum well samples on as-grown planar AIN/sapphire,HTA planar AlN/sapphire,ELO AlN/sapphire,and HTA ELO AlN/sapphire,respectively,and are consistent with the threading dislocation densities determined by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and high-resolution X-ray diffraction rocking curve.The UVC-LED performance improves with the reduction of the threading dislocation densities(TDDs).The output powers(measured on-wafer in cw operation at 20 mA)of the UV-LEDs emitting at 265 nm were 0.03 mW(planar AlN/sapphire),0.8 mW(planar HTA AlN/sapphire),0.9 mW(ELO AlN/sapphire),and 1.1 mW(HTA ELO AlN/sapphire),respectively.Furthermore,Monte Carlo ray-tracing simulations showed a 15%increase in light-extraction efficiency due to the voids formed in the ELO process.These results demonstrate that HTA ELO AlN/sapphire templates provide a viable approach to increase the efficiency of UV-LEDs,improving both the internal quantum efficiency and the light-extraction efficiency. | NORMAN SUSILO EVIATHAR ZIFFER SYLVIA HAGEDORN LEONARDO CANCELLARA CARSTEN NETZEL NEYSHA LOBO PLOCH SHAOJUN WU JENS RASS SEBASTIAN WALDE LUCA SULMONI MARTIN GUTTMANN TIM WERNICKE MARTIN ALBRECHT MARKUS WEYERS MICHAEL KNEISSL | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，4： | 4 |
| 3 | 动态88小时:美国地质调查局国家地震信息中心对2011年3月11日M_W9.0日本地震的响应显示文摘引言
2011年3月11日日本本州岛东海岸附近海域发生的M9.0地震(Tohoku earthquake,以下称“东日本大地震”——译者注)及其引发的海啸造成数以万计的人员死亡,造成的财产损失可能超过1万亿美元,这是有历史记录以来最严重的自然灾害之一。 | Gavin P Hayes Paul S Earle Harley M Benz David J Wald Richard W Briggs 左玉玲(译) 郑需要(校) | 2011 | 国际地震动态2011，，8： | 4 |
| 4 | Atrial tachyarrhythmia in adult congenital heart disease显示文摘The adult congenital heart disease(ACHD) population continues to grow and most cardiologists, emergency room physicians and family doctors will intermittently come into contact with these patients. Oftentimes this may be in the setting of a presentation with atrial tachyarrhythmia; one of the commonest late complications of ACHD and problem with potentially serious implications. Providing appropriate initial care and ongoing management of atrial tachyarrhythmia in ACHD patients requires a degree of specialist knowledge and an awareness of certain key issues. In ACHD, atrial tachyarrhythmia is usual y related to the abnormal anatomy of the underlying heart defect and often occurs as a result of surgical scar or a consequence of residual hemodynamic or electrical disturbances. Arrhythmias significantly increase mortality and morbidity in ACHD and are the most frequent reason for ACHD hospitalization. Intra-atrial reentrant tachycardia and atrial fibrillation are the most prevalent type of arrhythmia in this patient group. In hemodynamically unstable patients, urgent cardioversion is required. Acute management of the stable patient includes anticoagulation, rate control, and electrical or pharmacological cardioversion. In ACHD, rhythm control is the preferred management strategy and can often be achieved. However, in the long-term, medication side-effects can prove problematic. Electrophysiology studies and catheter ablation are important treatments modalities and in certain cases, surgical or percutaneous treatment of the underlying cardiac defect has a role. ACHD patients, especially those with complex CHD, are at increased risk of thromboembolic events and anticoagulation is usually required. Female ACHD patients of child bearing age may wish to pursue pregnancies. The risk of atrial arrhythmias is increased during pregnancy and management of atrial tachyarrhythmia during pregnancy needs specific consideration. | Arsha Karbassi Krishnakumar Nair Louise Harris Rachel M Wald S Lucy Roche | 2017 | World Journal of Cardiology2017，9，6： | 3 |
| 5 | Aqueous lithium-ion batteries显示文摘Aqueous electrolytes were once the rule for the battery industry.Until the advent of lithium ion batteries,a majority of commercially relevant batteries utilized water as the solvent for ion exchange.The development of the intercalation-based lithium ion battery upended the industrial aqueous electrolyte paradigm:the high energy density of the lithium-ion battery was revolutionary but required the use of organic electrolytes capable of passivating strongly redox active electrodes.With the safety of organic electrolytes becoming an issue in the early 1990s,a small community re-examined aqueous electrolytes for lithium ion batteries.The first such audacious attempt was by Dahn et al.,who conceptualized an aqueous lithium-ion battery chemistry based on electrode materials suitable for the narrow electrochemical stability window of water,sacrificing energy density and cycle life for safety and low cost.The concept of an aqueous lithium-ion battery was revived in the mid-2010s with“highly concentrated”electrolytes,expanding the electrochemical stability window of water to regions comparable with nonaqueous electrolytes.Since then,significant efforts have been made around the world,aiming to understand the nature of the interfacial stability in those highconcentration electrolytes as well as to further make the system viable for practical batteries.This review summarizes these efforts in this emerging frontier of new battery chemistries. | Arthur von Wald Cresce Kang Xu | 2021 | Carbon Energy2021，3，5： | 2 |
| 6 | Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease:evidence on causality from a meta-analysis显示文摘 | Wald DS Law M Morris JK | | British Medical Journal0，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Randomized trial of folic acid supplementation and serum homocysteine levels显示文摘 | Wald DS Bishop L Wald NJ | | Archives of Internal Medicine0，，： | 2 |
| 8 | Oral Bisacodyl Is Effective and Well-Tolerated in Patients With Chronic Constipation显示文摘 | Michael A. Kamm Stefan Mueller–Lissner Arnold Wald Erika Richter Ros Swallow Ulrika Gessner | 2011 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2011，，7： | 2 |
| 9 | Impact of the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) Clinical Practice Guidelines for Bone Metabolism and Disease in a Large Dialysis Network显示文摘 | Ron Wald Francesca Tentori Hocine Tighiouart Philip G. Zager Dana C. Miskulin | 2007 | American Journal of Kidney Diseases2007，，2： | 2 |
| 10 | CEO compensation, director compensation, and firm performance: Evidence of cronyism?显示文摘 | Ivan E. Brick Oded Palmon John K. Wald | 2005 | Journal of Corporate Finance2005，，3： | 2 |
| 11 | In vivo tracing of major rat brain pathways using manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and three-dimensional digital atlasing显示文摘 | Leergaard T B Bjaalie J O Devor A Wald L L Dale A M | 2003 | Neuroimage2003，20，： | 1 |
| 12 | Experimental behavior of a steel structure under natural fire 显示文摘 | Wald F Sim?es da Silva L Moore D B | 2006 | Fire Safety Journal2006，41，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Antenatal screening for Down′s syndrome显示文摘 | Wald NJ Kennard A Hackshaw A | 1997 | J Med Screen1997，4，2： | 1 |
| 14 | The burden of constipation on quality of life:Results of a multinational survey显示文摘 | Wald A Scarpignato C Kamm MA | 2007 | Aliment Pharmacol Ther2007，1526，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease:evidence on causality from a meta-analysis显示文摘 | Wald DS Law M Morris JK | 2002 | BMJ2002，325，7374： | 1 |
| 16 | Impact of theKidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) Clinical Practice Guidelines for Bone Metabolism and Disease in a large dialysis network 显示文摘 | Wald R Tentori F Tighiouart H | 2007 | Am J Kidney Dis2007，49，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Quantitative stability of DNA after extended storage of clinical specimens as determined by real-time PCR显示文摘 | JEROME K R HUANG M L WALD A | 2002 | Journal of Clinical Mi-crobiology2002，40，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Maternal serum free alpha - human chorionic gonadotrophin levels in twin pregnancies:implications for screening for Down'S syndrome显示文摘 | Wald NJ Densem JW | 1994 | Prenat Diagn1994，14，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Quantifying effect of statins on low density lipoprotein cholesterol,ischaemic heart disease,and stroke:systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘 | LAW M R WALD N J RUDNICKA A R | 2003 | BMJ2003，326，7404： | 1 |
| 20 | Risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection in herpes simplex virus type 2-seropositive persons:a meta-analysis显示文摘 | Wald A Link K | 2002 | J Infect Dis2002，185，1： | 1 |
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