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| 1 | 高延性纤维增强水泥基复合材料的研究进展及应用显示文摘高延性水泥基复合材料(engineered cementitious composite,ECC)是经系统的微观力学设计,在拉伸和剪切荷载下呈现高延展性的一种纤维增强水泥基复合材料。综述了ECC的研究进展,介绍了配筋ECC结构的耐久性、安全性及可持续性等混凝土必须满足的关键性能。根据ECC近来的应用情况及在工程上推广应用的需要,总结了ECC长期性能方面的研究结果。 | LI Victor C | 2007 | 硅酸盐学报2007，35，4： | 186 |
| 2 | CONSORT 2010说明与详述:报告平行对照随机临床试验指南的更新显示文摘大量证据显示随机对照临床试验(randomised controlled trial,RCT)的报告质量不理想。报告不透明,则读者既不能评判试验结果是否真实可靠,也不能从中提取可用于系统综述的信息。最近的方法学分析表明,报告不充分和设计不合理与对治疗效果产生评价偏倚有关。这种系统误差对RCT损害严重,而RCT正是以其能减少或避免偏倚而被视为评价干预措施的金标准。为了提高RCT的报告质量,一个由专家和编辑组成的工作组制定了临床试验报告的统一标准(Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials,CONSORT)声明。CONSORT声明于1996年首次发表,并于2001年更新。声明由对照检查清单和流程图组成,供作者在报告RCT时使用。许多核心医学期刊和主要国际性编辑组织都已认可CONSORT声明。该声明促进了对RCT的严格评价和解释。2001年,在对CONSORT进行修订时,人们就已经清楚地认识到,解释和说明制定CONSORT声明的原理,有助于研究人员等撰写或评价临床试验报告。一篇CONSORT说明与详述文章于2001年同2001版CONSORT声明一起发表。2007年1月的专家会议之后,对CONSORT声明作了进一步修订并已发表,即'CONSORT2010声明'。这次更新对原版对照检查清单作了文字上的修改,使其更为明晰,并收入了与一些新近才认识到的主题相关的建议,如选择性报告结局产生的偏倚。说明与详述文件旨在加强人们对CONSORT声明的理解、应用和传播,这次也作了大量修订,对每一项新增或更新的清单条目的含义和增改理由进行了解释,提供了优秀的报告实例,还尽可能地提供了相关的经验性研究的参考文献。文中收入了若干流程图实例。'CONSORT2010声明'、其说明与详述文件,以及相关网站(www.consort-statement.org),对于改进随机临床试验报告必将有所裨益。 | David Moher Sally Hopewell Kenneth F Schulz Victor Montori Peter C Gφtzsche P J Devereaux Diana Elbourne Matthias Egger Douglas G Altman 周庆辉 卞兆祥 刘建平 | 2010 | 中西医结合学报2010，8，8： | 318 |
| 3 | GRADE指南:Ⅴ.证据质量评价--发表偏倚显示文摘GRADE方法中,随机试验起评即为高质量证据,观察性研究起评即为低质量证据;但若证据本身存在高发表偏倚风险,则两者证据质量级别都应降低。即使最佳证据汇总表纳入的各项研究仅有低发表偏倚风险,发表偏倚仍会极大高估效应值。当可得证据来自小样本研究、且多数由厂商资助时,作者应怀疑存在发表偏倚。若干基于检验数据类型的方法可用于评价发表偏倚,其中最常用的为漏斗图,但这些方法都有较大局限。发表偏倚可能较常见,必须特别关注早期结果、对样本量与事件数都很小的早期试验结果尤需小心。 | Gordon H.Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Victor Montori Gunn Vist Regina Kunz Jan Brozek Pablo Alonso-Coello Ben Djulbegovic David Atkins Yngve Falck-Ytter John W.Williams Jr. Joerg Meerpohl Susan L.Norris Elie A.Akl Holger J.Schünemann 代表GRADE工作组 李幼平 王莉 钟大可 蒋兰慧 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，12： | 71 |
| 4 | 无线网络定位综述显示文摘结合无线网络技术,从无线网络定位数学模型的角度对定位问题进行了统一的形式化描述,该描述涵盖测量与距离估算技术、二维空间或多维空间中的定位映射关系以及绝对定位和相对定位的定位需求;论文由模型映射关系是否存在的问题引出了无线网络定位的可行性问题,以唯一实现理论以及刚性图理论作为无线网络定位的可行性模型并对其进行了分析总结;在数据层面对定位系统的测量技术以及信息采集技术进行了分析,将距离测量技术,角度测量技术以及距离估算技术从数学模型角度统一为有用信息采集,并将能用于定位的信息涵盖进来,以此作为定位模型优化与扩展的基础;单目标网络的定位算法较多,但其数学本质上是对同一类目标函数不同的求解方法,该文从数学模型及其优化方法的角度对其进行了分析,总结了不同解法的相似效果;与单目标网络定位不同,多目标网络定位问题虽然定位模型统一,但其求解方法却不尽相同,该文对半定规划方法、多维标度方法以及非线性映射曲元分析方法进行了总结;在对数据采集技术,定位方法进行了总结后,该文系统分析了信息集合对定位算法的影响,从功能上将各种定位技术分为信息采集技术、定位可行性理论、定位模型以及定位优化技术,提出了系统设计层面定位性能提高的主要设计思路,从定位方案的选取上将优化技术看成定位系统中的可选项,基于定位优化技术的相对独立性,提出了定位方案的分治策略;随后该文对定位评估指标中的误差指标和统计学指标进行了总结,以此作为定位性能评估的主要手段;最后提出了无线网络定位领域理论及技术所面临的问题与挑战. | 钱志鸿 孙大洋 LEUNG Victor | 2016 | 计算机学报2016，39，6： | 74 |
| 5 | 2016年WHO泌尿系统和男性生殖器官肿瘤分类指南--第二部分:前列腺和膀胱肿瘤显示文摘自上次世界卫生组织(world health organization,WHO)公布前列腺和膀胱肿瘤分类,已有12年。在此期间,关于这些肿瘤的病理和遗传学出现了大量知识更新。2016年WHO分类指南中新增了前列腺导管内癌的内容。在大多数情况下,前列腺导管内癌是一种在导管内扩散且具有侵袭性的前列腺癌,需与高级别前列腺上皮内瘤进行区分。前列腺腺泡腺癌新增了两种类型,包括微囊腺癌和多形性巨细胞腺癌。修改后的Gleason分级系统也增补至新分类的前列腺癌分级中;对于评分为Gleason 7分的腺癌,建议诊断报告列出结构类型为4级(pattern 4)的比例。新分类进一步推荐近来提出的前列腺癌5级分类。对于膀胱癌,2016年WHO分类继续沿用国际泌尿病理协会(International Society of Urological Pathology,ISUP)1997年的分类指南。本次修订中更好地定义了非侵袭性的尿路上皮病变,包括尿路上皮异型增生和未知恶性潜能的尿路上皮增生,常见于有尿路上皮癌病史的患者,侵袭性尿路上皮癌的异向分化,指一定比例的'常见型'尿路上皮癌和其他形态变化同时存在。病理医生在病理报告中需注明不同组织的比例。 | Peter A.Humphrey Holger Moch Antonio L.Cubilla Thomas M.Ulbright Victor E.Reuter 张繁(译) 江宗睿(译) 王焕军(校) | 2018 | 影像诊断与介入放射学2018，27，2： | 62 |
| 6 | Gastric cancer:Prevention,screening and early diagnosis显示文摘Gastric cancer continues to be an important healthcare problem from a global perspective. Most of the cases in the Western world are diagnosed at late stages when the treatment is largely ineffective. Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is a well-established carcinogen for gastric cancer. While lifestyle factors are important,the efficacy of interventions in their modification,as in the use of antioxidant supplements,is unconvincing. No organized screening programs can be found outside Asia(Japan and South Korea). Although several screening approaches have been proposed,including indirect atrophy detection by measuring pepsinogen in the circulation,none of them have so far been implemented,and more study data is required to justify any implementation. Mass eradication of H. pylori in high-risk areas tends to be cost-effective,but its adverse effects and resistance remain a concern. Searches for new screening biomarkers,including microRNA and cancer-autoantibody panels,as well as detection of volatile organic compounds in the breath,are in progress. Endoscopy with a proper biopsy follow-up remains the standard for early detection of cancer and related premalignant lesions. At the same time,new advanced high-resolution endoscopic technologies are showing promising results with respect to diagnosing mucosal lesions visually and targeting each biopsy. New histological risk stratifications(classifications),including OLGA and OLGIM,have recently been developed. This review addresses the current means for gastric cancer primary and secondary prevention,the available and emerging methods for screening,and new developments in endoscopic detection of early lesions of the stomach. | Victor Pasechnikov Sergej Chukov Evgeny Fedorov Ilze Kikuste Marcis Leja | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，38： | 64 |
| 7 | 并联型有源电力滤波器在非理想电源电压下的控制显示文摘首先提出了并联型有源电力滤波器在不对称、非正弦电源电压情况下补偿电流指令的准确计算方法。该方法基于同时对三相电压、电流进行旋转坐标变换和投影变换。所求得的补偿电流指令为非线性负载电流中除了基波正序有功分量之外的全部电流分量。应用于三相三线制电路时,该方法可以计算任意次谐波电流的瞬时值。进一步提出了在不对称、非正弦电源电压情况下,并联型有源电力滤波器产生补偿电流的无差拍控制法。理论分析、仿真及实验 结果表明了所提出的计算和控制方法的有效性,从而为并联型有源电力滤波器在非理想电源电压条件下的正确控制提供了一条有效途径。所提出的方法对其它类型有源电力滤波器的控制也有借鉴意义。 | 游小杰 李永东 Victor Valouch 郝瑞祥 | 2004 | 中国电机工程学报2004，24，2： | 71 |
| 8 | GRADE指南:Ⅳ.证据质量分级--研究的局限性(偏倚风险)显示文摘在GRADE方法中,若多数相关证据来自高偏倚风险的研究,则起初被定为高质量证据的随机试验和低质量证据的观察性研究均有可能被降低质量等级。随机试验已确定的局限性包括:未进行分配隐藏、未实施盲法、未报告失访情况及未恰当考虑意向性治疗原则。最近提出的局限性包括:因明显获益而早期终止试验和基于结果选择性报告结局。观察性研究的主要局限性包括使用不合适的对照及未能充分调整预后的不平衡。偏倚风险可因不同结果而异(如全死因死亡率的失访远少于生命质量的失访),许多系统评价都容易忽略这一点。在决定是否因偏倚风险而降低质量等级时,不管是随机试验还是观察性研究,作者不应采用对各个研究取平均值的方法。相反,对任何单个结果,当同时存在高、低偏倚风险的研究时,则应考虑只纳入较低偏倚风险的研究。 | Gordon H.Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Gunn Vist Regina Kunz Jan Brozek Pablo Alonso-Coello Victor Montori Elie A.Akl Ben Djulbegovic Yngve Falck-Ytter Susan L.Norris John W.Williams Jr. David Atkins Joerg Meerpohl Holger J.Schünemann GRADE工作组 李幼平 杨晓妍 李鸿浩 李玲 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，4： | 58 |
| 9 | Developmental dysplasia of the hip: What has changed in the last 20 years?显示文摘Developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH) describes the spectrum of structural abnormalities that involve the growing hip. Early diagnosis and treatment is critical to provide the best possible functional outcome. Persistence of hip dysplasia into adolescence and adulthood may result in abnormal gait, decreased strength and increased rate of degenerative hip and knee joint disease. Despite efforts to recognize and treat all cases of DDH soon after birth, diagnosis is delayed in some children, and outcomes deteriorate with increasing delay of presentation. Different screening programs for DDH were implicated. The suspicion is raised based on a physical examination soon after birth. Radiography and ultrasonography are used to confirm the diagnosis. The role of other imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging, is still undetermined; however, extensive research is underway on this subject. Treatment depends on the age of the patient and the reducibility of the hip joint. At an early age and up to 6 mo, the main treatment is an abduction brace like the Pavlik harness. If this fails, closed reduction and spica casting is usually done. After the age of 18 mo, treatment usually consists of open reduction and hip reconstruction surgery. Various treatment protocols have been proposed. We summarize the current practice for detection and treatment of DDH, emphasizing updates in screening and treatment during the last two decades. | Pavel Kotlarsky Reuben Haber Victor Bialik Mark Eidelman | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，11： | 52 |
| 10 | Breastfeeding and chronic HBV infection: Clinical and social implications显示文摘Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is among the most important causes of chronic HBV infection and is the commonest mode of transmission worldwide. Currently, the presence of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA in breast milk is confirmed. Several studies have reported that breastfeeding carries no additional risk that might lead to vertical transmission. Beyond some limitations, the surveys have not demonstrated any differences in HBV transmission rate regarding feeding practices in early childhood. Promotion of breastfeeding is substantial, especially for low-income individuals and regions with uncertain, unfeasible, and unsafe water supplies. Lactoferrin, minimal inflammation or activation within the infant gut during exclusive breastfeeding, and nonspecific biological molecules in the milk are identified as major factors of breast-milk defense. This review discusses preemptive antiviral therapy during pregnancy and lactation. Long-term follow up of breast-milk HBV concentrations and correlation with serum viral load; nucleos(t)ide analogue concentrations in breast milk in HBV-positive mothers in the setting of chronic HBV infection; safety of antiviral therapy during pregnancy and lactation; and the difference in viral load in the milk in exclusive or non-exclusive breastfeeding are still open questions. The paper reviews the current data and outlines the course of further investigation into this often underestimated issue. | Mihaela Petrova Victor Kamburov | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，40： | 41 |
| 11 | GRADE指南:Ⅵ.证据质量评价--不精确性(随机误差)显示文摘GRADE建议通过检查95%可信区间(CI)为决定不精确性的最佳方法。在指南实际运用中,如果CI的上、下限值代表了真实效应,而临床实际情况与之不符时,必须降低证据质量级别(即对效应估计值的把握度)。除外当效应值很大且可信区间提示效应稳健,而总样本量不大且事件数很少的情况,其他应考虑因不精确性而降低证据质量级别。作此决定时,可计算有足够检验效能的单个试验所需的病例数(定义为'最优信息样本量',即optimal information size,OIS)。对连续型变量,我们建议用类似方法,首先考虑可信区间上、下限值,再计算OIS。系统评价(SR)所需方法略有不同。如果95%CI不包括相对危险度(RR)为1,且总事件发生数或病例数超过OIS标准,则精确性良好。如果95%CI包括了明显获益或危害(我们建议以RR值<0.75或>1.25作粗标准),即使达到OIS要求,因不精确性而降低证据质量级别较恰当。 | Gordon Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Regina Kunz Jan Brozek Pablo Alonso-Coello David Rind PJ Devereaux Victor M.Montori Bo Freyschuss Gunn Vist Roman Jaeschke John W.Williams Jr. Mohammad Hassan Murad David Sinclairk Yngve Falck-Ytter Joerg Meerpohl Craig Whittington Kristian orlund Je Andrews Holger J.Schünemann 代表GRADE工作组 李幼平 王莉 陈尹 高霑 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，12： | 43 |
| 12 | 代价敏感分类器的比较研究(英文)显示文摘简要地回顾了代价敏感学习的理论和现有的代价敏感学习算法.将代价敏感学习算法分为两类,分别是直接代价敏感学习和代价敏感元学习,其中代价敏感元学习可以将代价不敏感的分类器转换为代价敏感的分类器.提出了一种简单、通用、有效的元学习算法,称为经验阈值调整算法(简称ETA).评估了各种代价敏感元学习算法和ETA的性能.ETA几乎总是得到最低的误分类代价,而且它对误分类代价率最不敏感.还得到了一些关于元学习的其它有用结论.文章是'Thresholding for Making Classifiers Cost-sensitive'的改进和扩展版本,原文章由Victor S.Sheng和Charles X.Ling完成,发表于AAAI2006国际会议. | 凌晓峰 SHENG Victor S. | 2007 | 计算机学报2007，30，8： | 35 |
| 13 | 颈动脉粥样硬化疾病的处理美国血管外科学会临床实践指南显示文摘美国血管外科学会(SVS)任命了一个专家委员会制定颈动脉狭窄处理的循证临床指南。在制定临床实践推荐意见过程中,该委员会使用系统评价对当前最件的证据进行了总结,采用GRADE标准对推荐意见的强度(强烈推荐为GRADEI级,一般推荐为GRADEⅡ级)和证据的质量(高、中、低和极低)进行了分级。对于轻度颈动脉狭窄患者(有症状患者狭窄程度〈50%和无症状患者狭窄程度〈60%),推荐进行最佳的内科治疗而非血管重建术(I级推荐,高质量证据)。对于有症状中到重度狭窄患者(狭窄程度≥50%),推荐行颈动脉内膜切除术(CEA)+最佳的内科治疗(I级推荐,高质量证据)。对于围手术期风险高的有症状巾到重度狭窄患者(狭窄程度≥50%),建议采用颈动脉支架置入术作为其替代治疗手段(Ⅱ级推荐,低质量证据)。对于中到重度狭窄的无症状患者(狭窄程度≥60%),只要围手术期风险较低,就推荐行CEA+内科治疗(I级推荐,高质量证据)。对于中到重度狭窄的尢症状患者(狭窄稗度≥60%),不推荐行颈动脉支架置入术(I级推荐,低质量证据)。颈动脉狭窄≥80%但存在CEA高危解剖学风险的患者可能是一个例外。 | Robert W. Hobson, Ⅱ William C. Mackey Enrico Ascher M. Hassan Murad Keith D. Calligaro Anthony J. Comerota Victor M. Montori Mark K. Eskandari Douglas W. Massop Ruth L. Bush Brajesh K. Lal Bruce A. Perler 刘德志(译) 徐格林(译) 刘新峰(译) | 2008 | 国际脑血管病杂志2008，16，12： | 35 |
| 14 | 应用微卫星分型方法进行大熊猫父亲鉴定显示文摘选用18对大熊猫特异的微卫星引物对成都动物园、成都大熊猫繁育研究基地的大熊猫幼子及其母亲和可疑父亲DNA作了PCR扩增。扩增产物在ABI373测序仪上做基因扫描。应用Genotyper672软件处理分型数据,经Cervus2.0软件对亲子关系进行分析。结果表明,在母子关系确实的情况下,18个基因座联合的父亲鉴定排除概率E为0.999921,置信度为95%。而在母子关系不清的条件下,E=0.994109,但置信度低于80%。由于圈养大熊猫的母子关系都是确实的。因此,基因型分析的结果能有效确认出这些大熊猫之间的父子关系。但要准确鉴定出野生大熊猫的亲缘关系,我们还需更多的微卫星标记。 | 张志和 沈富军 孙姗 Victor A.David 张安居 Stephen J.O'Brien | 2003 | 遗传2003，25，5： | 36 |
| 15 | 中国医患共同决策心血管病领域研究现状与展望显示文摘医患共同决策(SDM)是指患者参与医疗决策过程,与医生一起充分沟通讨论不同医疗选择的利弊后做出最终决策的医疗模式。这一方式有助于让患者参与医疗决策过程,从而提高患者的依从性、增强医患间信任,提高患者满意度,最终改善长期预后。本文通过介绍SDM定义、要素、应用场景以及决策工具应用,进而以国外心血管病SDM研究为背景,最后介绍中国首次开展SDM研究如他汀选择、慢性闭塞性病变(CTO)选择的内容与结果,结合这些研究开展推进的情况,指出中国推广SDM研究的问题和可能解决方案。 | 黄榕翀 杨雪瑶 宋现涛 Victor M.Montori Henry H.Ting | 2017 | 医学与哲学(B)2017，38，10： | 34 |
| 16 | Modeling sustainability:population,inequality,consumption,and bidirectional coupling of the Earth and Human Systems显示文摘Over the last two centuries,the impact of the Human System has grown dramatically,becoming strongly dominant within the Earth System in many diferent ways.Consumption,inequality,and population have increased extremely fast,especially since about 1950,threatening to overwhelm the many critical functions and ecosystems of the Earth System.Changes in the Earth System,in turn,have important feedback efects on the Human System,with costly and potentially serious consequences.However,current models do not incorporate these critical feedbacks.We argue that in order to understand the dynamics of either system,Earth System Models must be coupled with Human System Models through bidirectional couplings representing the positive,negative,and delayed feedbacks that exist in the real systems.In particular,key Human System variables,such as demographics,inequality,economic growth,and migration,are not coupled with the Earth System but are instead driven by exogenous estimates,such as United Nations population projections.his makes current models likely to miss important feedbacks in the real Earth–Human system,especially those that may result in unexpected or counterintuitive outcomes,and thus requiring diferent policy interventions from current models.he importance and imminence of sustainability challenges,the dominant role of the Human System in the Earth System,and the essential roles the Earth System plays for the Human System,all call for collaboration of natural scientists,social scientists,and engineers in multidisciplinary research and modeling to develop coupled Earth–Human system models for devising efective science-based policies and measures to beneit current and future generations. | Safa Motesharrei Jorge Rivas Eugenia Kalnay Ghassem R.Asrar Antonio J.Busalacchi Robert F.Cahalan Mark A.Cane Rita R.Colwell Kuishuang Feng Rachel S.Franklin Klaus Hubacek Fernando Miralles-Wilhelm Takemasa Miyoshi Matthias Ruth Roald Sagdeev Adel Shirmohammadi Jagadish Shukla Jelena Srebric Victor M.Yakovenko Ning Zeng | 2016 | National Science Review2016，3，4： | 34 |
| 17 | 二尖瓣病变定位经食道超声检查与术中发现的对照研究显示文摘目的:应用经食道超声心动图序列二尖瓣病变定位切面与术中发现进行对照研究,寻找对应二尖瓣不同小叶分区的相应切面及标准化操作规程,以供临床决策及提高手术成功率。方法:二尖瓣脱垂并伴有中度以上的二尖瓣反流拟行外科手术患者53例。术前行食道超声检测瓣膜病变类型与小叶分区定位,与术中发现进行对照。二尖瓣的解剖定位采用Carpentier命名法,将前叶分为A1、A2及A3,后叶分为P1、P2及P3。术前1周及术中食道超声应用中食道四腔心切面、中食道5腔心切面、显示冠状静脉窦的短四腔心切面、两腔心切面、二尖瓣交界区两腔心切面、中食道左心室长轴切面及胃底左心室短轴切面进行二尖瓣病变的小叶分区定位。外科医生术中记录二尖瓣瓣膜脱垂、腱索断裂等病理类型及A1、A2及A3;P1、P2及P3病变部位。结果:46例资料完整的患者276个小叶被分析。在7个可以显示二尖瓣小叶分区定位的切面中,中食道五腔心切面、中食道四腔心切面、显示冠状静脉窦的短四腔切面、三腔心切面及结合彩色血流的胃底左心室短轴切面与术中发现的吻合率较高。结论:通过食道超声选择序列合理的切面可以在二尖瓣手术前进行较为准确的病变小叶分区定位,为外科手术,尤其是二尖瓣成形术提供必要的术前资料。 | 何怡华 李治安 谷孝艳 韩建成 陈健 Michael CK John Victor N | 2009 | 心肺血管病杂志2009，28，5： | 26 |
| 18 | GRADE指南:Ⅸ.证据质量升级显示文摘证据质量升级的最常见原因是效应量大。当方法学严谨的观察性研究表明风险至少降低或增加2倍时,GRADE建议考虑将证据质量升高1级;当风险至少降低或增加5倍时,考虑将证据质量升高2级。当存在剂量-反应关系,或所有合理的混杂、偏倚会降低明显的治疗效应,或混杂、偏倚使得结果无效为假效应时,系统评价作者和指南制定者也可考虑升高证据质量。其他考虑因素包括起效迅速、潜在的疾病(状态)趋势以及间接证据。 | Gordon H.Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Shahnaz Sultan Paul Glasziou Elie A.Akl Pablo Alonso-Coello David Atkins Regina Kunz Jan Brozek Victor Montori Roman Jaeschke David Rind Philipp Dahm Joerg Meerpohl Gunn Vist Elise Berliner Susan Norris Yngve Falck-Ytter M.Hassan Murad Holger J.Schünemann 代表GRADE工作组 李幼平 杨晓妍 李玲 王应强 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，12： | 22 |
| 19 | Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the novel cytokine interleukin-38 in allergic asthma显示文摘We elucidated the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of IL-38 in allergic asthma.Human bronchial epithelial cells and eosinophils were cocultured upon stimulation with the viral RLR ligand poly(I:C)/LyoVec or infection-related cytokine TNF-αto induce expression of cytokines/chemokines/adhesion molecules.House dust mite(HDM)-induced allergic asthma and humanized allergic asthma NOD/SCID murine models were established to assess anti-inflammatory mechanisms in vivo.IL-38 significantly inhibited induced proinflammatory IL-6,IL-1β,CCL5,and CXCL10 production,and antiviral interferon-βand intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in the coculture system.Mass cytometry and RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that IL-38 could antagonize the activation of the intracellular STAT1,STAT3,p38 MAPK,ERK1/2,and NF-κB pathways,and upregulate the expression of the host defense-related gene POU2AF1 and anti-allergic response gene RGS13.Intraperitoneal injection of IL-38 into HDM-induced allergic asthma mice could ameliorate airway hyperreactivity by decreasing the accumulation of eosinophils in the lungs and inhibiting the expression of the Th2-related cytokines IL-4,IL-5,and IL-13 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)and lung homogenates.Histological examination indicated lung inflammation was alleviated by reductions in cell infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia,together with reduced Th2,Th17,and innate lymphoid type 2 cell numbers but increased proportions of regulatory T cells in the lungs,spleen,and lymph nodes.IL-38 administration suppressed airway hyperreactivity and asthma-related IL-4 and IL-5 expression in humanized mice,together with significantly decreased CCR3^(+) eosinophil numbers in the BALF and lungs,and a reduced percentage of human CD4^(+)CRTH2^(+)Th2 cells in the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes.Together,our results demonstrated the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of IL-38 and provided a basis for the development of a regulatory cytokine-based treatment for allergic asthma. | Xiaoyu Sun Tianheng Hou Edwin Cheung Tiffany Nga-Teng Iu Victor Wai-Hou Tam Ida Miu-Ting Chu Miranda Sin-Man Tsang Paul Kay-Sheung Chan Christopher Wai-Kei Lam Chun-Kwok Wong | 2020 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2020，17，6： | 22 |
| 20 | Microwave Synthesis of Large Few-Layer Graphene Sheets in Aqueous Solution of Ammonia显示文摘Few-layer graphene (FLG) sheets with sizes exceeding several micrometers have been synthesized by exfoliation of expanded graphite in aqueous solution of ammonia under microwave irradiation, with an overall yield approaching 8 wt.%. Transmission electron microscopy (in bright-field and dark-field modes) together with electron diffraction patterns and atomic force microscopy confirmed that this graphene material consisted mostly of mono-, bi- or few-layer graphene (less than ten layers). The high degree of surface reduction was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron and infrared spectroscopies. In addition, the high stability of the FLG in the liquid medium facilitates the deposition of the graphene material onto several substrates via low-cost solution-phase processing techniques, opening the way to subsequent applications of the material. | Izabela Janowska Kambiz Chizari Ovidiu Ersen Spyridon Zafeiratos Driss Soubane Victor Da Costa Virginie Speisser Christine Boeglin Matthieu Houllé Dominique Bégin Dominique Plee Marc-Jacques Ledoux Cuong Pham-Huu | 2010 | Nano Research2010，3，2： | 22 |
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