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| 1 | Effect of synbiotics on intestinal microflora and digestive enzyme activities in rats显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of synbiotics, i.e. probiotics and prebiotics mixture, on the gut microbial ecology and digestive enzyme activities in rats. METHODS: Forty-eight SD rats weighing about 280 g were used in this study. Rats were divided into three groups according to the contents of probiotics and prebiotics mixture in the feed as control, low and high dose groups. The duration of the experiment was 8 wk. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, thefecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts were significantly increased and the fecal Coliform organism counts were markedly reduced in the low and high dose groups. Concerning the digestive enzyme activity of jejunum, only lactase activity increased in low dose group. However, significant increase of lipase, lactase, sucrase, and isomaltase activities were observed in high dose group.CONCLUSION: Intake of low and high dosages of probiotics and prebiotics mixture significantly improved the ecosystem of the intestinal tract by increasing the probiotics population and digestive enzyme activities in rats. | Suh-Ching Yang Ju-Yen Chen Huey-Fang Shang Ting-Ying Cheng Su Chen Tsou Jiun-Rong Chen | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，47： | 13 |
| 2 | Predictors of re-bleeding after endoscopic hemostasis for delayed post-endoscopic sphincterotomy bleeding显示文摘AIM: To predict the re-bleeding after endoscopic hemostasis for delayed post-endoscopic sphincterotomy(ES) bleeding.METHODS: Over a 15-year period, data from 161 patients with delayed post-ES bleeding were retrospectively collected from a single medical center. To identify risk factors for re-bleeding after initial successful endoscopic hemostasis, parameters before, during and after the procedure of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography were analyzed. These included age, gender, blood biochemistry, comorbidities, endoscopic diagnosis, presence of periampullary diverticulum, occurrence of immediate postES bleeding, use of needle knife precut sphincterotomy, severity of delayed bleeding, endoscopic features on delayed bleeding, and type of endoscopic therapy.RESULTS: A total of 35 patients(21.7%) had rebleeding after initial successful endoscopic hemostasis for delayed post-ES bleeding. Univariate analysis revealed that malignant biliary stricture, serum bilirubin level of greater than 10 mg/d L, initial bleeding severity, and bleeding diathesis were significant predictors of rebleeding. By multivariate analysis, serum bilirubin level of greater than 10 mg/d L and initial bleeding severity remained significant predictors. Re-bleeding was controlled by endoscopic therapy in a single(n = 23) or multiple(range, 2-7; n = 6) sessions in 29 of the 35 patients(82.9%). Four patients required transarterial embolization and one went for surgery. These five patients had severe bleeding when delayed post-ES bleeding occurred. One patient with decompensated liver cirrhosis died from re-bleeding.CONCLUSION: Re-bleeding occurs in approximately one-fifth of patients after initial successful endoscopic hemostasis for delayed post-ES bleeding. Severity of initial bleeding and serum bilirubin level of greater than 10 mg/d L are predictors of re-bleeding. | Mu-Hsien Lee Yung-Kuan Tsou Cheng-Hui Lin Ching-Song Lee Nai-Jen Liu Kai-Feng Sung Hao-Tsai Cheng | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，11： | 11 |
| 3 | Hydrogel as a bioactive material to regulate stem cell fate显示文摘The encapsulation of stem cells in a hydrogel substrate provides a promising future in biomedical applications.However,communications between hydrogels and stem cells is complicated;various factors such as porosity,different polymer types,stiffness,compatibility and degradation will lead to stem cell survival or death.Hydrogels mimic the three-dimensional extracellular matrix to provide a friendly environment for stem cells.On the other hand,stem cells can sense the surroundings to make the next progression,stretching out,proliferating or just to remain.As such,understanding the correlation between stem cells and hydrogels is crucial.In this Review,we first discuss the varying types of the hydrogels and stem cells,which are most commonly used in the biomedical fields and further investigate how hydrogels interact with stem cells from the perspective of their biomedical application,while providing insights into the design and development of hydrogels for drug delivery,tissue engineering and regenerative medicine purpose.In addition,we compare the results such as stiffness,degradation time and pore size as well as peptide types of hydrogels from respected journals.We also discussed most recently magnificent materials and their effects to regulate stem cell fate. | Yung-Hao Tsou Joe Khoneisser Ping-Chun Huang Xiaoyang Xu | 2016 | Bioactive Materials2016，1，1： | 9 |
| 4 | Cardiac evaluation of liver transplant candidates显示文摘Physicians previously thought that heart disease was rare in patients with end stage liver disease. However, recent evidence shows that the prevalence of ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy is increased in transplant candidates compared to most other surgical candidates. Investigators estimate that up to 26% of all liver transplant candidates have at least one critical coronary artery stenosis and that at least half of these patients will die perioperatively of cardiac complications. Cardiomyopathy also occurs in greater frequency. While all patients with advanced cardiac disease have defects in cardiac performance, a larger than expected number of patients have classical findings of dilated, restrictive and hypertropic cardiomyopathy. This may explain why up to 56% of patients suffer from hypoxemia due to pulmonary edema following transplant surgery. There is considerable controversy on how to screen transplant candidates for the presence of heart disease. Questions focus upon, which patients should be screened and what tests should be used. This review examines screening strategies for transplant candidates and details the prognostic value of common tests used to identify ischemic heart disease. We also review the physiological consequences of cardiomyopathy in transplant candidates and explore the specific syndrome of 'cirrhotic cardiomyopathy'. | Mercedes Susan Mandell JoAnn Lindenfeld Mei-Yung Tsou Michael Zimmerman | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，22： | 8 |
| 5 | Poorly expandable common bile duct with stones on endoscopic retrograde cholangiography显示文摘AIM:To describe characteristics of a poorly expandable(PE) common bile duct(CBD) with stones on endoscopic retrograde cholangiography.METHODS:A PE bile duct was characterized by a rigid and relatively narrowed distal CBD with retrograde dilatation of the non-PE segment.Between 2003 and 2006,endoscopic retrograde cholangiography(ERC) images and chart reviews of 1213 patients with newly diagnosed CBD stones were obtained from the computer database of Therapeutic Endoscopic Center in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital.Patients with characteristic PE bile duct on ERC were identified from the database.Data of the patients as well as the safety and technical success of therapeutic ERC were collected and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS:A total of 30 patients with CBD stones and characteristic PE segments were enrolled in this study.The median patient age was 45 years(range,20 to 92 years);66.7% of the patients were men.The diameters of the widest non-PE CBD segment,the PE segment,and the largest stone were 14.3 ± 4.9 mm,5.8 ± 1.6 mm,and 11.2 ± 4.7 mm,respectively.The length of the PE segment was 39.7 ± 15.4 mm(range,12.3 mm to 70.9 mm).To remove the CBD stone(s) completely,mechanical lithotripsy was required in 25(83.3%) patients even though the stone size was not as large as were the difficult stones that have been described in the literature.The stone size and stone/PE segment diameter ratio were associated with the need for lithotripsy.Post-ERC complications occurred in 4 cases:pancreatitis in 1,cholangitis in 2,and an impacted Dormia basket with cholangitis in 1.Two(6.7%) of the 28 patients developed recurrent CBD stones at follow-up(50 ± 14 mo) and were successfully managed with therapeutic ERC.CONCLUSION:Patients with a PE duct frequently require mechanical lithotripsy for stones extraction.To retrieve stones successfully and avoid complications,these patients should be identified during ERC. | Chi-Liang Cheng Yung-Kuan Tsou Cheng-Hui Lin Jui-Hsiang Tang hien-Fu Hung Kai-Feng Sung Ching-Song Lee Nai-Jen Liu | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，19： | 7 |
| 6 | Residual common bile duct stones on direct peroral cholangioscopy using ultraslim endoscope显示文摘AIM:To detect and manage residual common bile duct(CBD)stones using ultraslim endoscopic peroral cholangioscopy(POC)after a negative balloon-occluded cholangiography.METHODS:From March 2011 to December 2011,a cohort of 22 patients with CBD stones who underwent both endoscopic retrograde cholangiography(ERC)and direct POC were prospectively enrolled in this study.Those patients who were younger than 20 years of age,pregnant,critically ill,or unable to provide informed consent for direct POC,as well as those with concomitant gallbladder stones or CBD with diameters less than 10 mm were excluded.Direct POC using an ultraslim endoscope with an overtube balloon-assisted technique was carried out immediately after a negative balloon-occluded cholangiography was obtained.RESULTS:The ultraslim endoscope was able to be advanced to the hepatic hilum or the intrahepatic bile duct(IHD)in 8 patients(36.4%),to the extrahepatic bile duct where the hilum could be visualized in 10 patients(45.5%),and to the distal CBD where the hilum could not be visualized in 4 patients(18.2%).The procedure time of the diagnostic POC was 8.2 ± 2.9 min(range,5-18 min).Residual CBD stones were found in 5(22.7%)of the patients.There was one residual stone each in 3 of the patients,three in 1 patient,and more than five in 1 patient.The diameter of the residual stones ranged from 2-5 mm.In 2 of the patients,the residual stones were successfully extracted using either a retrieval balloon catheter(n = 1)or a basket catheter(n = 1)under direct endoscopic control.In the remaining 3 patients,the residual stones were removed using an irrigation and suction method under direct endoscopic visualization.There were no serious procedure-related complications,such as bleeding,pancreatitis,biliary tract infection,or perforation,in this study.CONCLUSION:Direct POC using an ultraslim endoscope appears to be a useful tool for both detecting and treating residual CBD stones after conventional ERC. | Shu-Wei Huang Cheng-Hui Lin Mu-Shien Lee Yung-Kuan Tsou Kai-Feng Sung | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，30： | 7 |
| 7 | Treating delayed endoscopic sphincterotomy-induced bleeding:Epinephrine injection with or without thermotherapy显示文摘AIM:To compare the hemostatic efficacy between epinephrine injection alone and epinephrine injection combined with thermotherapy for delayed post-endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) bleeding.METHODS: Cases with delayed post-ES bleeding undergoing epinephrine injection alone (epinephrine injection group, n=26) or epinephrine combined with thermotherapy (combination therapy group, n=33) in our institution between 1999 and 2007 were retrospectively investigated. The main outcome measurements wereRESULTS: The initial hemostatic efficacy was 96.2% for epinephrine injection alone and 100% for combination therapy (P=0.44). There were four patients with re-bleeding in each group (16.0% vs 12.1%, P=0.72). There was only one complication of pancreatitis from the combination therapy group. Three patients (11.5%) in the epinephrine injection group and one patient (3%) in the combination therapy group required angiographic embolization or surgery (P=0.31). The total number of blood transfusions was not significantly different between the two groups (3.5±4.6 U vs 3.5±4.5 U, P=0.94). There was no bleeding-related death in either group.CONCLUSION: Epinephrine injection alone is as effective as epinephrine injection combined with thermotherapy for the management of delayed post-ES bleeding. | Yung-Kuan Tsou Nai-Jen Liu Jui-Hsiang Tang Kai-Feng Sung Chi-Liang Cheng Ching-Song Lee | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，38： | 6 |
| 8 | Double balloon endoscopy increases the ERCP success rate in patients with a history of Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the effect of double balloon endoscope(DBE)on the endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography(ERCP)success rate in patients with a history of BillrothⅡ(BⅡ)gastrectomy.METHODS:From April 2006 to March 2007,32 patients with a BⅡgastrectomy underwent 34 ERCP attempts.In all cases,the ERCP procedures were started using a duodenoscope.If intubation of the afferent loop or reaching the papilla failed,we changed to DBE for the ERCP procedure(DBE-ERCP).We assessed the success rate of afferent loop intubation,reaching the major papilla,selective cannulation,possibility of therapeutic approaches,procedure-related complications,and the overall success rate.RESULTS:Among the 32 patients with a history of BⅡgastrectomy,the duodenoscope was successfully passed up to the papilla in 22 patients(69%),and cannulation was successfully performed in 20 patients(63%).Six patients(2 with failure in afferent loop intubation and 4 with failure in reaching the papilla)underwent DBE-ERCP.The DBE reached the papilla in all the 6 patients(100%)and selective cannulation was successful in 5 patients(83%).Four patients(67%)who had common bile duct stones were successfully treated.One patient underwent diagnostic ERCP only and the other one,in whom selective cannulation failed,was diagnosed with papilla cancer proven by biopsy.There were no complications related to the DBE.The overall ERCP success rate increased to 88%(28/32).CONCLUSION:The overall ERCP success rate increases with DBE in patients with a previous BⅡgastrectomy. | Jui-Hsiang Tang Yung-Kuan Tsou Hao-Tsai Cheng Mu-Hsien Lee Ching-Song Lee Nai-Jen Liu | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，36： | 6 |
| 9 | Posterolateral Endoscopic Excision for Lumbar Disc Herniation: Surgical Technique, Outcome, and Complications in 307 Consecutive Cases显示文摘 | Anthony Tung Yeung Paul Moody Tsou | 2002 | Spine2002，，7： | 6 |
| 10 | Chemotherapy‐induced hepatitis B reactivation in lymphoma patients with resolved HBV infection: A prospective study显示文摘 | Chiun Hsu Hsiao‐Hui Tsou Shyh‐Jer Lin Ming‐Chung Wang Ming Yao Wen‐Li Hwang Woei‐Yau Kao Chang‐Fang Chiu Sheng‐Fung Lin Johnson Lin Cheng‐Shyong Chang Hwei‐Fang Tien Tsang‐Wu Liu Pei‐Jer Chen Ann‐Lii Cheng | 2014 | Hepatology2014，，6： | 3 |
| 11 | MicroRNA-122 plays a critical role in liver homeostasis and hepatocarcinogenesis显示文摘 | Tsai Wei-Chih Hsu Sheng-Da Hsu Chu-Sui Lai Tsung-Ching Chen Shu-Jen Shen Roger Huang Yi Chen Hua-Chien Lee Chien-Hsin Tsai Ting-Fen Hsu Ming-Ta Wu Jaw-Ching Huang Hsien-Da Shiao Ming-Shi Hsiao Michael Tsou Ann-Ping | 2012 | EN2012，，8： | 2 |
| 12 | Revisiting the death of geography in the era of Big Data:the friction of distance in cyberspace and real space显示文摘Many scholars have argued that the importance of geographic proximity in human interactions has been diminished by the use of the Internet,while others disagree with this argument.Studies have noted the distance decay effect in both cyberspace and real space,showing that interactions occur with an inverse relationship between the number of interactions and the distance between the locations of the interactors.However,these studies rarely provide strong evidence to show the influence of distance on interactions in cyberspace,nor do they quantify the differences in the amount of friction of distance between cyberspace and real space.To fill this gap,this study used massive amounts of social media data(Twitter)to compare the influence of distance decay on human interactions between cyberspace and real space in a quantitative manner.To estimate the distance decay effect in both cyberspace and real space,the distance decay function of interactions in each space was modeled.Estimating the distance decay in cyberspace in this study can help predict the degree of information flow across space through social media.Measuring how far ideas can be diffused through social media is useful for users of location-based services,policy advocates,public health officials,and political campaigners. | Su Yeon Han Ming-Hsiang Tsou Keith C.Clarke | 2018 | International Journal of Digital Earth2018，11，5： | 2 |
| 13 | Export activity and productivity: Evidence from the Taiwan electronics industry显示文摘 | Jin-Tan Liu Meng-Wen Tsou James K. Hammitt | 1999 | Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv1999，，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Structural damage detection and identification using neural networks显示文摘 | Tsou P Shen M-H H | 1994 | AIAA Journal1994，32，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Capacitive and textural characteristics of hydrous manganese oxide prepared by anodic deposition显示文摘 | HU C C TSOU T W | 2002 | Electrochem Acta2002，47，： | 1 |
| 16 | Dynamically vulcanized alloy innerlin- ers显示文摘 | Tracey D S Tsou A H | 2007 | Rubber World2007，236，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Structural damage detection and identifi-cation using neural network显示文摘 | Tsou P Shen M H H | 1994 | American Institute of Areonautics and Astronautics Journal1994，32，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Immunohistochemical distribution of cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the rat central nervous system显示文摘 | Tsou K Brown S Sanudo-Pena MC | 1998 | Neuroscience1998，83，： | 1 |
| 19 | Posterolateral endoscopic excision for lumbar diac herniation:surgical technique,outcome,and complications in 307consecutive cases显示文摘 | Yeung AT Tsou PM | 2002 | Spine2002，27，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Allele-specific diferential expression of a common adiponectin gene polymorphism related to obesity显示文摘 | Yang W S Tsou P L Lee W J | 2003 | J Mol Med2003，81，： | 1 |
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