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| 1 | Frontiers in antibiotic alternatives for Clostridioides difficile infection显示文摘Clostridioides difficile(C.difficile)is a gram-positive,anaerobic spore-forming bacterium and a major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea.Humans are naturally resistant to C.difficile infection(CDI)owing to the protection provided by healthy gut microbiota.When the gut microbiota is disturbed,C.difficile can colonize,produce toxins,and manifest clinical symptoms,ranging from asymptomatic diarrhea and colitis to death.Despite the steady-if not risingprevalence of CDI,it will certainly become more problematic in a world of antibiotic overuse and the post-antibiotic era.C.difficile is naturally resistant to most of the currently used antibiotics as it uses multiple resistance mechanisms.Therefore,current CDI treatment regimens are extremely limited to only a few antibiotics,which include vancomycin,fidaxomicin,and metronidazole.Therefore,one of the main challenges experienced by the scientific community is the development of alternative approaches to control and treat CDI.In this Frontier article,we collectively summarize recent advances in alternative treatment approaches for CDI.Over the past few years,several studies have reported on natural product-derived compounds,drug repurposing,highthroughput library screening,phage therapy,and fecal microbiota transplantation.We also include an update on vaccine development,pre-and probiotics for CDI,and toxin antidote approaches.These measures tackle CDI at every stage of disease pathology via multiple mechanisms.We also discuss the gaps and concerns in these developments.The next epidemic of CDI is not a matter of if but a matter of when.Therefore,being well-equipped with a collection of alternative therapeutics is necessary and should be prioritized. | Matthew Phanchana Phurt Harnvoravongchai Supapit Wongkuna Tanaporn Phetruen Wichuda Phothichaisri Supakan Panturat Methinee Pipatthana Sitthivut Charoensutthivarakul Surang Chankhamhaengdecha Tavan Janvilisri | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，42： | 2 |
| 2 | Early detection of viral resistance by determination of hepatits B virus polymerase mutations in patients treated by lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B显示文摘 | NAFA S AHEMD S TAVAN D | 2000 | Hepatology2000，32，5： | 2 |
| 3 | Early detection of viral resista rice by determination of hepatitis B virus polymerase mutations in patients treated by lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B 显示文摘 | Ahmed SNS Tavan D Pichoud C | 2000 | Hepatology2000，32，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Electrostatic shielding in patterned carbon nanotube field emission arrays 显示文摘 | McClain D Wu J Tavan N | 2007 | J Phys Chem C2007，111，： | 1 |
| 5 | Relationship between ab- normal glucose tolerance test and history of previous recurrent miscar- riages, and beneficial effect of metformin in these patients : a prospec- tive clinical study显示文摘 | Zolghadri J Tavan Z Kazerooni T | 2008 | Fertil Steril2008，90，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Early detection of viral resistance by determination of heptitis B virus polymerase mutations in patients treated by lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B显示文摘 | Nafa S Ahmed S Tavan D | 2000 | Hepatology2000，32，： | 1 |
| 7 | 显示文摘 | Tavan P Schulten K | 1986 | J Chem Phys1986，85，11： | 1 |
| 8 | 欧洲中小企业融资困境能否解决显示文摘中小食、№常常被认为是发达国家经济的支柱。然而,在欧洲,银行融资的短缺正在阻碍着中小仓业的发展。替代的贷款形式正在显著增多,一些银行正寻求提升在这一领域的参与度,但是这些是否太微不足道且为时已晚?,德国似乎比大多数欧洲其他国家幸运一些。当欧洲其他国家的中小企业受到缩减的银行贷款、黯淡的投资机会和疲软的需求抑制时,德国的中小企业在蓬勃发胰。 | 韩丽颖 Duygu Tavan | 2013 | 国际金融2013，，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Early detection of viral resistance by determination of hepatitis B virus polymerase mutation in patients treated by lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B 显示文摘 | Ahmed S N S Tavan D | 2000 | Hepatology2000，32，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Early detection of viral resistance by determination of hepatitis B virus polymerase mutations in patients treated by lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B显示文摘 | Nafa S Ahmed S Tavan D | 2000 | Hepatology2000，32，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Hostpathogens cross-talk Indigenous bacteria and probiotics also play the game显示文摘 | FREITAS M TAVAN E CAYUELA C | 2003 | Biol Cell2003，95，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Hostpathogens cross talk In- digenous bacteria and probiotics also play the game显示文摘 | Freitasm Tavan E Cayuela C | 2003 | Biol Cell2003，95，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Association between multidrug resistance–associated protein 1 and poor prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy显示文摘 | Noppadol Larbcharoensub Juvady Leopairat Ekaphop Sirachainan Ladawan Narkwong Thongchai Bhongmakapat Kawin Rasmeepaisarn Tavan Janvilisri | 2008 | Human Pathology2008，，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Early detection of viral resistance by determination of hepatitis B virus polymerase mutations in patients treated by lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B显示文摘 | Ahmed SNS Tavan D Pichoud C | 2000 | Hepatology2000，32，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Comparative evaluation of pain, tenderness and swelling followed by radiographic evaluation of periapical changes at various intervals of time following single and multiple visit endodontic therapy: an in vivo study显示文摘 | Prashanth M B Tavane P N Abraham S | 2011 | J Contemp Dent Pract2011，12，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Comparative eval- uation of pain, tenderness and swelling followed by radiographic evaluation of periapical changes at various intervals of time fol- lowing single and multiple visit endodontic therapy: an in vivo study显示文摘 | Prashanth MB Tavane PN Abraham S | 2011 | J Contemp Dent Pract2011，12，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Early detection of viral resistance by determination of hepatitis B virus polymerase mutations in patients treated by lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B显示文摘 | Nafa S Ahmed S Tavan D | 2000 | Hepatology2000，32，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Self-Organizing of Associative Memory and Paltern Classification:Recurrent Signal Processing on Topological Feature Maps显示文摘 | | 1990 | Biology Cybernetics1990，，64： | 1 |
| 19 | Combustionand fire retardance of poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenyleneether)-high-impact polystyrene blends I:Morphologicalaspects 显示文摘 | Boscoletto A B Checchin M Tavan M | 1994 | Journal of Applied Polymer Science1994，53，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Early detection of viral resistance by determination of hepatitis B virus polymerase mutations in patients treated by lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B显示文摘 | Ahmed SNS Tavan D Pichoud C | 2000 | Hepatology2000，32，： | 1 |
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