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| 1 | 中国大陆肺炎发病率与死亡率:1985-2008年中英文文献的系统分析显示文摘目的肺炎是全球传染性疾病最主要的死因之一,但中国的肺炎疾病负担还知之甚少,因为很多数据资料都是以非英文文献的形式发表的。方法系统回顾了中国大陆关于肺炎发病率与死亡率的中文和英文文献,这些研究都是具有第一手数据的研究,1985-2008年有37篇论文符合纳入标准。结果各项研究的质量差异较大。5岁以下儿童肺炎发病率为(0.06~0.27)次/人年,肺炎死亡率为184/10万~1 223/10万人口。肺炎的发病率与死亡率随着时间稳定不变或者呈下降趋势,且农村高于城市。结论肺炎仍然是中国儿童的主要公共卫生问题之一。肺炎发病率与死亡率估计的变化差异大。继续降低发病率与死亡率需要可靠的监测数据和新的预防措施的实施,特别是在农村等高发地区。 | 官旭华 Benjamin J Silk Wenkai Li Aaron T. Fleishchauer 邢学森 蒋晓清 余宏杰 Sonja J. Olsen Adam L. Cohen | 2011 | 公共卫生与预防医学2011，22，1： | 54 |
| 2 | REE geochemistry of suspended sediments from the rivers around the Yellow Sea and provenance indicators显示文摘Rare earth element (REE) compositions of the suspended sediments from the rivers around the Yellow Sea were different in that Korean river sediments (Han, Keum and Yeongsan Rivers) yield stronger fractionations than Chinese river sediments (Changjiang, Huanghe and Yalujiang), shown by obvious enrichments of LREE (light rare earth element) relative to UCC (upper continental crust). Variations of source rock compositions in the drainage basins are responsible for the differences of REE compositions between the river sediments. REE fractionation parameters including (La/Yb)UCC and (Gd/Yb)UCC as well as the ratios of La/Sc and Th/Sc can be treated as proper proxies for identifying the Chinese river sediments from those Korean river matters, and furthermore, for studying the provenances and paleoenvironmental changes of the marginal seas of China. | YANG Shouye LI Congxian C. B. Lee T. K. Na | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，11： | 30 |
| 3 | Environmental Problems From Tea Cultivation in Japan and a Control Measure Using Calcium Cyanamide显示文摘A field experiment, involving lime N (calcium cyanamide, CaCN2) fertilization as a control measure, was conducted to study environmental problems induced by long-term heavy N application in Japanese tea fields. Long-term tea cultivation caused serious soil acidification. Seventy-seven percent of the 70 tea fields investigated had soil pH values below 4.0, and 9% below 3.0, with the lowest value of 2.7. Moreover, excess N application in tea fields put a threat to plant growth, induced serious nitrate contamination to local water, and caused high nitrous oxide loss. Compared with the conventional high N application treatment (1100 kg N ha-1) without lime N, the low N application (400 kg N ha-1) with calcium cyanamide effectively stopped soil acidification as well as achieved the same or slightly higher levels in tea yield and in total N and amino acid contents of tea shoots. The application of calcium cyanamide could be a suitable fertilization for the prevention of environmental problems in tea cultivation. | K. OH T. KATO LI Zhong-Pei LI Fa-Yun | 2006 | Pedosphere2006，16，6： | 26 |
| 4 | Diamonds and Other Exotic Minerals Recovered from Peridotites of the Dangqiong Ophiolite, Western Yarlung-Zangbo Suture Zone, Tibet显示文摘Various combinations of diamond, moissanite, zircon, quartz, corundum, rutile, titanite, almandine garnet, kyanite, and andalusite have been recovered from the Dangqiong peridotites. More than 80 grains of diamond have been recovered, most of which are pale yellow to reddish-orange to colorless. The grains are all 100-200 μm in size and mostly anhedral, but with a range of morphologies including elongated, octahedral and subhedral varieties. Their identification was confirmed by a characteristic shift in the Raman spectra between 1325 cm^(-1) and 1333 cm^(-1), mostly at 1331.51 cm^(-1) or 1326.96 cm^(-1). Integration of the mineralogical, petrological and geochemical data for the Dongqiong peridotites suggests a multi-stage formation for this body and similar ophiolites in the Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone. Chromian spinel grains and perhaps small bodies of chromitite crystallized at various depths in the upper mantle, and encapsulated the UHP, highly reduced and crustal minerals. Some oceanic crustal slabs containing the chromian spinel and their inclusion were later trapped in suprasubduction zones(SSZ), where they were modified by island arc tholeiitic and boninitic magmas, thus changing the chromian spinel compositions and depositing chromitite ores in melt channels. | XIONG Fahui YANG Jingsui ROBINSON Paul T. XU Xiangzhen BA Dengzhu LI Yuan ZHANG Zhongming RONG He | 2016 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2016，90，2： | 20 |
| 5 | 阿尔茨海默病神经细胞凋亡与小胶质细胞活化的关系显示文摘目的 探讨阿尔茨海默病 (Alzheimer′sdisease ,AD)神经细胞凋亡与小胶质细胞活化的关系及活化的小胶质细胞在AD老年斑形成和进展中的作用。方法 收集 10例AD尸检材料及 4例非神经系统疾病死亡的老年尸检材料作为对照 ,进行白细胞介素 1α(IL 1α)免疫组织化学和原位DNA末端转移酶技术 (TUNEL)双重标记及淀粉样 β蛋白免疫组织化学和TUNEL双重标记。 结果 AD组静止的小胶质细胞数与对照组差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但活化的小胶质细胞数明显比对照组高 (P <0 0 1)。活化的小胶质细胞增大、变形 ,可进一步分为初级活化的小胶质细胞、增大的小胶质细胞及巨噬细胞 3种亚型。上述 3种活化的小胶质细胞数分别为 (5 4 0± 0 87)、(11 5 0± 1 2 5 )、(3 4 0± 0 32 )个 /mm2 ,占所有活化的小胶质细胞的比例分别为 2 6 6 0 % ,5 6 6 5 % ,16 75 %。AD组TUNEL阳性的凋亡的神经细胞数明显比对照组高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,且凋亡的神经细胞与活化的小胶质细胞之间具有相关性 (P <0 0 1)。活化的小胶质细胞在 4种类型老年斑中的分布比例不同 ,许多初级活化的小胶质细胞 (4 2 3% ) ,大多数增大的小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞 (分别是 5 6 2 %、70 6 % )分布在弥漫性神经突斑中。结论 小胶质细胞增生。 | 刘冬戈 何淑蓉 张伟 崔娣 Yue kui Li W. Sue T. Griffin | 2004 | 中华病理学杂志2004，33，5： | 17 |
| 6 | Microbial Activity Indices: Sensitive Soil Quality Indicators for Trace Metal Stress显示文摘Physicochemical properties, total and DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid)-extractable Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd contents, microbial biomass carbon (C) content and the organic C mineralization rate of the soils in a long-term trace metal-contaminated paddy region of Guangdong, China were determined to assess the sensitivity of microbial indices to moderately metal-contaminated paddy soils. The mean contents of total Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were 251, 250, 171, and 2.4 mg kg-1 respectively. DTPA-extractablc metals were correlated positively and significantly with total metals, CEC, and organic C (except for DTPA-extractable Cd), while they were negatively and highly significantly correlated with pH, total Fe and Mn. Metal stress resulted in relatively low ratios of microbial biomass C to organic C and in remarkable inhibition of the microbial metabolic quotient and C mineralization rate, which eventually led to increases in soil organic C and C/N. Moreover, microbial respiratory activity showed a stronger correlation to DTPA-extractable metals than to total metal content. Likewise, in the acid paddy soils some 'linked' microbial activity indices, such as metabolic quotient and ratios of basal respiration to organic C, especially during initial incuba.tion, were found to be more sensitive indicators of soil trace metal contamination than microbial biomass C or basal respiration alone. | LI Yong-Tao T. BECQUER2 C. QUANTIN M. BENEDETTI P. LAVELLE DAI Jun | 2005 | Pedosphere2005，15，4： | 11 |
| 7 | Altered regional homogeneity in post-traumatic stress disorder: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study显示文摘Objective Little is known about the brain systems that contribute to vulnerability to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Comparison of the resting-state patterns of intrinsic functional synchronization, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), between groups with and without PTSD following a traumatic event can help identify the neural mechanisms of the disorder and targets for intervention. Methods Fifty-four PTSD patients and 72 matched traumatized subjects who experienced the 2008 Sichuan earthquake were imaged with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI and analyzed using the measure of regional homogeneity (ReHo) during the resting state. Results PTSD patients presented enhanced ReHo in the left inferior parietal lobule and right superior frontal gyrus, and reduced ReHo in the right middle temporal gyrus and lingual gyrus, relative to traumatized individuals without PTSD. Conclusion Our findings showed that abnormal brain activity exists under resting conditions in PTSD patients who had been exposed to a major earthquake. Alterations in the local functional connectivity of cortical regions are likely to contribute to the neural mechanisms underlying PTSD. | Yan Yin Changfeng Jin Lisa T. Eyler Hua Jin Xiaolei Hu Lian Duan Huirong Zheng Bo Feng Xuanyin Huang Baoci Shan Qiyong Gong Lingjiang Li | 2012 | Neuroscience Bulletin2012，28，5： | 9 |
| 8 | Identification of JWA as a novel functional gene responsive to environmental oxidative stress induced by benzo a pyrene and hydrogen peroxide显示文摘 | Chen, R. Qiu, W. Liu, Z. L. Cao, X. J. Zhu, T. Li, A. P. Wei, Q. Y. Zhou, J. W. | 2007 | 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)2007，27，10： | 9 |
| 9 | Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from sequences of four mitochondrial genes显示文摘An angiosperm phylogeny was reconstructed in a maximum likelihood analysis of sequences of four mitochondrial genes,atp1,matR,nad5,and rps3,from 380 species that represent 376 genera and 296 families of seed plants.It is largely congruent with the phylogeny of angiosperms reconstructed from chloroplast genes atpB,matK,and rbcL,and nuclear 18S rDNA.The basalmost lineage consists of Amborella and Nymphaeales(including Hydatellaceae).Austrobaileyales follow this clade and are sister to the mesangiosperms,which include Chloranthaceae,Ceratophyllum,magnoliids,monocots,and eudicots.With the exception of Chloranthaceae being sister to Ceratophyllum,relationships among these five lineages are not well supported.In eudicots,Ranunculales,Sabiales,Proteales,Trochodendrales,Buxales,Gunnerales,Saxifragales,Vitales,Berberidopsidales,and Dilleniales form a basal grade of lines that diverged before the diversification of rosids and asterids.Within rosids,the COM(Celastrales-Oxalidales-Malpighiales) clade is sister to malvids(or rosid II),instead of to the nitrogen-fixing clade as found in all previous large-scale molecular analyses of angiosperms.Santalales and Caryophyllales are members of an expanded asterid clade.This study shows that the mitochondrial genes are informative markers for resolving relationships among genera,families,or higher rank taxa across angiosperms.The low substitution rates and low homoplasy levels of the mitochondrial genes relative to the chloroplast genes,as found in this study,make them particularly useful for reconstructing ancient phylogenetic relationships.A mitochondrial gene-based angiosperm phylogeny provides an independent and essential reference for comparison with hypotheses of angiosperm phylogeny based on chloroplast genes,nuclear genes,and non-molecular data to reconstruct the underlying organismal phylogeny. | Yin-Long QIU Libo LI Bin WANG Jia-Yu XUE Tory A. HENDRY Rui-Qi LI Joseph W. BROWN Yang LIU Geordan T. HUDSON Zhi-Duan CHEN | 2010 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2010，48，6： | 8 |
| 10 | N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor and Apoptosis in Alzheimer's Disease and Multiinfarct Dementia显示文摘 | Marong Fang Jicheng Li S.C. Tiu Lihong Zhang Mingwei Wang David T. Yew | 2005 | 中国生物学文摘2005，19，11： | 6 |
| 11 | Superelasticity and Tunable Thermal Expansion across a Wide Temperature Range显示文摘Materials that undergo a reversible change of crystal structure through martensitic transformation(MT)possess unusual functionalities including shape memory, superelasticity, and low/negative thermal expansion. These properties have many advanced applications, such as actuators, sensors, and energy conversion, but are limited typically in a narrow temperature range of tens of Kelvin. Here we report that, by creating a nano-scale concentration modulation via phase separation, the MT can be rendered continuous by an in-situ elastic confinement mechanism. Through a model titanium alloy, we demonstrate that the elastically confined continuous MT has unprecedented properties, such as superelasticity from below 4.2 K to 500 K, fully tunable and stable thermal expansion, from positive, through zero, to negative, from below 4.2 K to 573 K, and high strength-to-modulus ratio across a wide temperature range.The elastic tuning on the MT, together with a significant extension of the crystal stability limit, provides new opportunities to explore advanced materials. | Y.L. Hao H.L. Wang T. Li J.M. Cairney A.V. Ceguerra Y.D. Wang Y. Wang D. Wang E.G. Obbard S.J. Li R. Yang | 2016 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2016，32，8： | 6 |
| 12 | Enhanced electrokinetic remediation of cadmium-contaminated natural clay using organophosphonates in comparison with EDTA显示文摘Soil contamination by metals is a worldwide environmental problem. Electrokinetic extraction is a promising technology for in-situ remediation of contaminated soils of low hydraulic permeability. However, the extraction of metals is usually hindered by the high buffer capacity of natural soils. Organophosphonates are strong metal chelates as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA) which has been widely studied in the enhancement of electrokinetic remediation. In this study, batch desorption experiments and bench-scale electrokinetic extraction experiments were carried out to study the effect of two organophosphonates, i.e.,(nitrilotrimethylene)triphosphonate(NTMP) &(ethylenedinitrilo)-tetramethylenephosphonate(EDTMP), on the extraction of cadmium from a natural clay in comparison with EDTA. Results of the batch desorption experiments showed that more than 75% of the sorbed cadmium could be dissolved into solution using 0.1 mol·L^(-1) organophosphonates or EDTA in the wide p H range of 1–11. Results of the electrokinetic extraction experiments showed that the cadmium spiked in the specimen migrated towards the anode with the enhancement of NTMP,EDTMP, and EDTA under a constant voltage gradient of approximately 1.0 V·cm-1. Although cadmium mobilization enhanced by EDTA was more efficient than that by the organophosphonates, accumulation of cadmium was observed in the vicinity of the anode. The average removal efficiencies of cadmium from the soil after approximately 5 days of electrokinetic extraction enhanced by 0.1 mol·L-1 NTMP(22.8%) and EDTMP(22.4%) were higher than that by 0.1 mol·L^(-1) EDTA(15.1%). | Yingying Gu Albert T. Yeung Hongjiang Li | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2018，26，5： | 6 |
| 13 | Dynamic Characteristics of Granite Subjected to Intermediate Loading Rate显示文摘 | X. B. Li T. S. Lok J. Zhao | 2005 | Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering2005，，1： | 5 |
| 14 | Cumulative Plastic Deformation for Fine-Grained Subgrade Soils显示文摘 | Dingqing Li Ernest T. Selig | 1996 | Journal of Geotechnical Engineering1996，，12： | 5 |
| 15 | EFFECT OF Si ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE Al-4.5%Cu ALLOYS显示文摘The effect of Si on the microstructure and mechanical properties of binary Al-4.5%Cu alloy has been investigated. The results show that the addition of Si does not have any effect on alloy strength; however, it decreases the ductility of the as-cast Al-4.5%Cu alloy. It is obvious that after T4 heat treatment, the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-4.5%Cu-Si alloys are improved, especially for the alloy with an Si addition of 2%. | N. Han, X.F. Bian*, Z.K. Li, T. Mao, and C.D. Wang Key Laboratory of Liquid Structure and Heredity of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061 China | 2006 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2006，19，6： | 5 |
| 16 | Comparative analysis of peptidoglycan recognition proteins in endoparasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator显示文摘Peptidoglycan 识别蛋白质(PGRP ) 是明确地在很多病原体的表面上认出 peptidoglycans (PGN ) 的天生的有免疫力的受体的一个家庭。这里,我们从 endoparasitoid 黄蜂识别了并且描绘六 PGRP, Microplitis 调停人(MmePGRPs ) 。在 parasitoid 黄蜂理解 PGRP 的角色,我们分析了他们的进化关系和 orthology,表示与克积极、否定的细菌和真菌在不同发展阶段,和 transcriptional 表示追随者感染期间介绍。MmePGRP-S1 显著地响应病原的感染被导致。这提示了我们评估 RNA 干扰的效果调停的基因特定 MmePGRP-S1 击倒。MmePGRP-S1 (iMmePGRP-S1 ) 击倒戏剧性地影响的 wasps’由小球菌 luteus 的幸存追随者挑战,对克积极的细菌在有免疫力的回答显示这特别 PGRP 的参与。这个行动是可能的被使用费小径调停,但是机制尚待坚定。MmePGRP-S1 不在由 iMmePGRP-S1 黄蜂的幸存率显示了的抗真菌的免疫起一个重要作用。这研究在经济地重要的 hymenopteran 种类 M 提供 PGRP 的全面描述。调停人。 | Rui-Juan Wang Zhe Lin Hong Jiang Jiancheng Li Tusar T. Saha Ziyun Lu Zhiqiang Lu Zhen Zou | 2017 | Insect Science2017，24，1： | 4 |
| 17 | MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT IN THE SIMULATED HEAT AFFECTED ZONE OF V TREATED HSLA STEELS显示文摘模仿的热影响了高力量的地区(HAZ ) 低合金(HSLA ) 钢包含分别地, 0% , 0.047% , 0.097% 和 0.151% 钒与 Gleeble-2000 thermomechanical 模拟器被学习在 HAZ 的机械性质上决定钒增加的影响。HAZ 模拟涉及再热样品到 1350 ° C,然后以从 800 ~ 500 ° C 的 5 ° C /s 的冷却的率冷却到周围的温度(Δt 8/5=60s) 。包括张力的力量和 −20 ° C 影响坚韧的机械性质被进行。基础钢和模仿的 HAZ 的微观结构用光显微镜被调查,扫描电子显微镜(SEM ) 和传播电子显微镜(TEM ) 。基于系统的考试,现在的工作证实了那大约 0.05% 钒增加到低碳低合金钢导致了力量的期望的平衡和 HAZ 的坚韧。并且超过 0.10% 层次增加导致了 HAZ 的有害坚韧。SEM 学习证明模仿了 0.097% , 0.151%V HAZ 由更粗糙的铁酸盐盘子组成了与更大并且沿着奥氏体谷物和铁酸盐板边界的更多的麻省成分。影响破裂表面模仿了 0.097% 和 0.151% V HAZ 有占优势的劈开的显示出的典型地易碎的模式。在破裂表面的方面的尺寸与从 0.097% ~ 0.151% 增加钒水平增加了。作为结果,模仿的 0.151%V HAZ 有四个标本的最低影响坚韧。 | Y. T. Chen A.M. Guo L.X. Wu J. Zeng P.H. Li | 2006 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2006，19，1： | 4 |
| 18 | Geochemical studies of the Silurian oil reservoir in the Well Shun-9 prospect area, Tarim Basin, NW China显示文摘Commercial oil flow has been obtained from the sandstone reservoir of the Lower Silurian Kelpintag Formation in the Well Shun-9 prospect area.In the present studies,10 Silurian oil and oil sand samples from six wells in the area were analyzed for their molecular and carbon isotopic compositions,oil alteration(biodegradation),oil source rock correlation and oil reservoir filling direction.All the Silurian oils and oil sands are characterized by low Pr/Ph and C21/C23 tricyclic terpane(<1.0) ratios,'V'-pattern C27-C29 steranes distribution,low C28-sterane and triaromatic dinosterane abundances and light δ13C values,which can be correlated well with the carbonate source rock of the O3 l Lianglitage Formation.Different oil biodegradation levels have also been confirmed for the different oils/oil sands intervals.With the S1k2 seal,oils and oil sands from the S1k1 interval of the Kelpintag Formation have only suffered light biodegradation as confirmed by the presence of 'UCM' and absence of 25-norhopanes,whereas the S1k3-1 oil sands were heavily biodegraded(proved by the presence of 25-norhopanes) due to the lack of the S1k2 seal,which suggests a significant role of the S1k2 seal in the protection of the Silurian oil reservoir.Based on the Ts/(Ts+Tm) and 4-/1-MDBT ratios as reservoir filling tracers,a general oil filling direction from NW to SE has been also estimated for the Silurian oil reservoir in the Well Shun-9 prospect area. | Song Daofu Li Meijun Wang T.–G | 2013 | Petroleum Science2013，10，4： | 4 |
| 19 | 电力系统经济调度中遗传算法的比较研究显示文摘本文介绍了在电力经济调度中用于改善系统运行性能的遗传算法的某些修改。目的是试图找出供遗传算法使用的最佳运行点。为了改善运行性能,涉及到问题的两个阶段:即首先是选择一种适当的遗传策略,其次是为所选定的遗传策略对各种参数的值进行协调。这两个阶段均已在六机系统中经过试验,并按照在线及离线两种情况对试验结果进行了比较。全部研究工作清楚地表明,采用先进的遗传算子及优化选择参数值能使系统性能显著增强。 | Y.H. Song, University of Bath, UKF. li . R. Morgan , John Moores University, Liverpool, UKD. T. Y Cheng, National Grid Cornpany , UK | 1995 | 电网技术1995，19，3： | 4 |
| 20 | THE MICROSTRUCTURAL BANDING IN THE CENTER OF HOT ROLLLNG STRIP显示文摘The microstructural banding in steels is often found in hot rolling strips, which plays a very im- portant role in mechanical properties. Much work has been done to investigate how the mi- crostructural banding is formed during hot rolling. In the present study, the microstructure of hot rolling strips was examined in term of optical microscopy and transmission electron mi- croscopy. Electron probe microanalysis was also used to decide the distribution of microchemi- cal bands, by this means, the phases in these strips were found to be ferrite and pearlite. The average distance between the carbon lamellas in pearlite is about 0.06-0.1μm. It is also shown that microstructural banding in hot rolled carbon steel was closely related to the segregation of manganese and silicon into those bands. Based on the transformation kinetic, the simulated re- sults pointed out that the thermodynamic stability of austenite would increase with the increasing of Mn, which led to a decrease of ferrite growth rate. The effect of Mn on the decomposition of austenite is attributed to segregation of Mn atoms along the ferrite/austenite phase boundary which causes a strong solute drag effect. The addition of Mn to steel decreases the activity of austen- ite, thereby it is beneficial to the formation of non-equilibrium phase, such as degenerate pearlite. The formation of banded structure on the hot rolled process was discussed. | C.L. Mo Y. T. Zhang D.Z. Li Y. Y. Li | 2005 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2005，18，5： | 4 |
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