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1非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊疗指南显示文摘非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是指除外酒精和其他明确的损肝因素所致的,以弥漫性肝细胞大泡性脂肪变为主要特征的临床病理综合征,包括单纯性脂肪肝以及由其演变的脂肪性肝炎(NASH)和肝硬化,胰岛素抵抗和遗传易感性与其发病关系密切。随着肥胖和糖尿病的发病率增加,NAFLD现已成为我国常见的慢性肝病之一,严重危害人民健康。为进一步规范NAFLD的诊断、治疗和疗效评估,中华医学会肝病学分会脂肪肝和酒精性肝病学组组织国内有关专家,在参考国内外最新研究成果的基础上,按照循证医学的原则,制定了《非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊疗指南》(以下简称(《指南》)。其中推荐的意见所依据的证据共分为3个级别5个等次,文中以括号内斜体罗马数字表示,推荐意见的证据分级,参见Ⅸ酒精性肝病诊疗指南》表1。Fatty Liver and Alcoholic Liver Disease Study Group of the Chinese Liver Disease Association. 2006中华肝脏病杂志2006,14,3:1509
2酒精性肝病诊疗指南显示文摘酒精性肝病是由于长期大量饮酒所致的肝脏疾病。初期通常表现为脂肪肝,进而可发展成酒精性肝炎、酒精性肝纤维化和酒精性肝硬化,严重酗酒时可诱发广泛肝细胞坏死甚或肝功能衰竭,该病是我国常见的肝脏疾病之一,严重危害人民健康。为进一步规范酒精性肝病的诊断和治疗,中华医学会肝病学分会脂肪肝和酒精性肝病学组组织国内有关专家,在参考国内外最新研究成果的基础上,按照循证医学的原则,制订了本《指南》。其中推荐的意见所依据的证据等级共分为3个级别5个等次,见表1,文中以括号内斜体罗马数字表示。Fatty Liver and Alcoholic Liver Disease Study Group of the Chinese Liver Disease Association. 2006中华肝脏病杂志2006,14,3:271
3非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊疗指南显示文摘Fattly Liver and Alcoholic Liver Disease Study Group of the Chinese Liver Disease Association. 2007实用肝脏病杂志2007,10,1:145
4全国公示语翻译现状的调查与分析显示文摘本研究通过对全国公示语翻译与使用现状进行调查,了解外籍人士对公示语翻译与使用的满意度和需求,比较中外在公示语的翻译与使用方面的异同,探讨公示语的翻译与使用的功能性和语用性问题及解决对策,确认公示语翻译与使用的发展趋势、重点和难点;为翻译、教学研究机构提供公示语翻译与使用方面的建议,促进公示语的引进、翻译与使用,并为制定国家公示语翻译标准提供参考依据。研究者提出翻译者要更关注信息接受者的感受;翻译实践要更贴近现实,理论研究要更创新求真;并提出由中外专家结合进行研究是满足外籍人员公示语信息需求的最佳翻译工作组合模式。报告建议由中国翻译协会等机构形成强势组合,加快公示语翻译和国际化都市、旅游目的地信息服务体系建设。C-E Signs Research Center ( Beijing International Studies University) 2007中国翻译2007,28,5:99
5尿激酶治疗急性心肌梗塞多中心临床试验1406例总结显示文摘为观察尿激酶天普洛欣(UKTP)经静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗塞(AMI)的临床有效性及安全性。收集协作组148家医院1994年11月至1996年4月经静脉UKTP溶栓治疗AMI患者1406例,观察临床疗效、副作用及病死率等。其中124例行90分钟冠状动脉造影评价梗塞血管开通情况。结果:梗塞血管临床再灌注率为73.5%,90分钟冠状动脉造影血管开通率为72.6%,5周总病死率为7.8%(109/1406),轻度出血10.2%(143/1406),中重度出血0.43%(6/1406),脑出血0.50%(7/1406)。老年(>65岁)甚至高龄(>75岁)患者溶栓及距发病超过6小时者,其用药仍然安全有效,UKTP合适的用药剂量可能为150万U左右。结果提示UKTP治疗AMI安全有效。The collaborative study group for national multicenter clinical trial of urokinase thrombolytic therapy (Correspondence: Hu Dayi, Xu Zhimin. Beijing Red Cross Chao Yao Hospital, Beijing 100020) 1997中华心血管病杂志1997,25,3:139
6不稳定性心绞痛、急性非Q波心肌梗死不同抗栓疗法的对比研究显示文摘目的 观察不同抗栓方案对急性冠状动脉综合征心脏事件、出血风险和预后的影响。方法 本研究为前瞻性、多中心、随机、开放试验 ,入选患者随机分为静脉滴注普通肝素组和皮下注射低分子量肝素组。入选对象为不稳定性心绞痛或非Q波心肌梗死 ,入选前 4 8小时以内至少有一次心绞痛发作 ,ST段无抬高。肝素 10 0IU/kg静注 ,续 10 0 0IU/h ,维持活化的部分凝血活酶时间 (APTT)或活化的全血凝固时间 (ACT)于正常的 1 5~ 2 0倍 ,连续 7日。低分子量肝素 0 4~ 0 6ml,每日两次皮下注射 ,连续 7日。主要观察终点 :随访治疗 3 0日内发生急性心肌梗死、心脏性或非心脏性死亡和药物治疗无法控制心绞痛 ,需行急性血运重建术。住院至少 7日 ,随访至治疗后 3 0日。结果 本研究共入选符合条件的患者 4 0 2例 ,两组在性别、年龄、心血管危险因素和心绞痛发作方面差异无显著性。治疗后 7日 ,两组用药期间平均胸痛发作次数差异无显著性 ,但肝素组有更多的患者需口服硝酸甘油缓解胸痛 ;病死率在低分子量肝素组较普通肝素组低 ,两组比较P值为 0 0 62 ,复合终点事件 (死亡、心肌梗死和紧急血管重建 )在低分子量肝素组明显下降。低分子量肝素组出血事件明显少于肝素组。治疗开始后 3 0日 ,低分子量肝素组死亡和复合终点事?Clinical Collaborative Study Group of Low Molecular Weight Heparin (Correspondent: HU Dayi, XU Juntang. Beijing Red Cross Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China) 2000中华心血管病杂志2000,28,1:172
7Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder in China:A Nationwide Multi-center Population-based Study Among Children Aged 6 to 12 Years显示文摘This study aimed to obtain the first national estimate of the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder(ASD) in Chinese children.We targeted the population of 6 to 12-year-old children for this prevalence study by multistage convenient cluster sampling.The Modified Chinese Autism Spectrum Rating Scale was used for the screening process.Of the target population of 142,086 children,88.5%(n=125,806) participated in the study.A total of 363 children were confirmed as having ASD.The observed ASD prevalence rate was 0.29%(95% CI:0.26%-0.32%) for the overall population.After adjustment for response rates,the estimated number of ASD cases was867 in the target population sample,thereby achieving an estimated prevalence of 0.70%(95% CI:0.64%-0.74%).The prevalence was significantly higher in boys than in girls(0.95%;95% CI:0.87%-1.02% versus 0.30%;95%CI:0.26%-0.34%;P <0.001).Of the 363 confirmed ASD cases,43.3% were newly diagnosed,and most of those(90.4%) were attending regular schools,and 68.8% of the children with ASD had at least one neuropsychiatric comorbidity.Our findings provide reliable data on the estimated ASD prevalence and comorbidities in Chinese children.Hao Zhou Xiu Xu Weili Yan Xiaobing Zou Lijie Wu Xuerong Luo Tingyu Li Yi Huang Hongyan Guan Xiang Chen Meng Mao Kun Xia Lan Zhang Erzhen Li Xiaoling Ge Lili Zhang Chunpei Li Xudong Zhang Yuanfeng Zhou Ding Ding Andy Shih Eric Fombonne Yi Zheng Jisheng Han Zhongsheng Sun Yong-hui Jiang Yi Wang LATENT-NHC Study Team 2020Neuroscience Bulletin2020,36,9:158
8酒精性肝病诊疗指南显示文摘Fatty Liver and Alcoholic Liver Disease Study Group of the Chinese Liver Disease Association. 2007实用肝脏病杂志2007,10,1:73
9EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection显示文摘European Association for the Study of the Liver 2012Journal of Hepatology2012,,1:62
10Report on Childhood Obesity in China (1) Body Mass Index Reference for Screening Overweight and Obesity in Chinese School-age Children显示文摘Purpose To establish and propose a national body mass index (BMI) reference for screening overweight and obesity in Chinese school-age children and adolescents. Methods 2000 CNSSCH (Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health) data, including 216 620 primary and secondary school students aged 7 to 18 years old, were used as a reference population. Compared with those of the NCHS internatioanl reference, three temporary sets of cut-off BMI were proposed by testing different combinations of P8s, P9o, and P95. When physiological and biochemical measures between and among 'obesity','overweight', and 'normal weight' groups were taken into consideration, set Ⅱ was selected to be the most appropriate one.The sex-age-specific curves were then plotted and smoothed by using B-spline method. Results Based on the samples from costal developed metropolis, the BMI curves successfully overcame the shortcomings of lower and level-off tendency of the Chinese total population. Temporary set Ⅱ, composed by cut-offs of P85 for overweight and P95 for obesity, was finally selected by its sensitivity and peculiarity. BMI 24 and 28 were used as cut-offs for overweight and obesity for both males and females aged 18 years old. These cut-offs, consistent with Chinese Adult's Reference, was proposed as the Body mass index reference for screening overweight and obesity in Chinese school-age children and adolescents. Conclusion The new reference clearly showed its superiorty in both prospectivity and actuality. The proposed reference minimized the gaps of the BMI curve between Chinese adolescents and the international reference. Most importantly was that it was consistent with the Eastern Asia ethnic characteristics of body fatness growth. It was therefore proposed by the Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) to use it as an nationwide reference for screening overweight and obesity of school-age children and adolescents in China.COOPERATIVE STUDY ON CHILDHOOD OBESITY WORKING GROUP ON OBESITY IN CHINA (WGOC) 2005Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2005,18,6:57
11米索前列醇和PG05配伍米非司酮终止早孕的临床多中心随机比较试验显示文摘本研究为一项由十个单位参加的多中心临床试验,随机比较了三种用药方案:1.米非司酮25mgQ12h×5+PG051mg阴道塞药(组Ⅰ),2.米非司酮,同前十米索600μg(组Ⅱ),3.米非司酮200mg+米索600μg(组Ⅲ)终止早孕的安全性、有效性和可接受性。结果显示完全流产率为94.22%(913/969),其中组Ⅲ为91.50%,明显低于组Ⅰ(95.22%)和组Ⅰ(96.12%)(P=0.025);失败率为1.65%(16/969),其中组Ⅲ为3.52%,显著高于组Ⅰ(1.37%)、组Ⅱ(0%)(P=0.001);不完全流产率为2.89%(28/969),失访(结局不明)率为1.24%(12/969),三组间均无明显差异(P>0.05);自应用PG至孕囊排出时间,三组分别为3.06±1.65,2.81±2.75,3.21±1.61h(X±SD),组Ⅱ稍短于其他两组,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);阴道出血持续时间和转经时间无明显组间差异(P>0.05)。90%以上的对象均对药物流产方法表示满意。结果提示米索配伍米非司酮的安全性、有效性和可接受性令人满意;米非司酮低剂量多次给药与米索有较好的协同作用。He Chang-hai Gao Er-sheng Chen Jun-hang Gu Jiang Gui You-lnn and Cao Feng-zhen et al.(Collabrating Grou) for Clinical Study on Misoprostol to induce Abortion, Shanghai, 200032) 1994生殖与避孕1994,14,1:47
12EASL–EORTC Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘European Association for the Study of the Liver European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer 2012Journal of Hepatology2012,,4:41
13女性急性心肌梗塞的临床特点显示文摘目的为了解女性急性心肌梗塞(AMI)的临床特点,以提高防治效果。方法对北京地区防治冠心病协作组1990~1991年连续收治的1614例患者(男1185,女429),进行男女比较分析。根据患者年龄分为(<45,45~54,55~64,≥65岁)四组,比较患者例数、并发症及病死率。结果四组男与女患者比例分别为17.8:1,6.1:1,3.2:1和1.8:1。女性并发心源性休克者明显多于男性。发病4周病死率,女性14.7%明显高于男性9.4%。在45~54岁组内,差异亦有显著性(1.2%比0.7%)。结论提示与年龄有关的雌激素水平变化对女性AMI临床特点有明显的影响。Beijing Collaborative Study Group of Coronary Heart Disease 100700 (correspondewce: Beijing General Hospital, PLA, Beijing 100700) 1998中华心血管病杂志1998,26,3:47
14Relationship between the Asian-Pacific oscillation and the tropical cyclone frequency in the western North Pacific显示文摘The relationship between the Asian-Pacific oscillation (APO) and the tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific (WNP) in summer is preliminarily investigated through an analysis of ob- served data. The result has shown clearly that APO is significantly and positively correlated to the tropical cyclone frequency in the WNP. If APO is above (below) the normal in summer, more (less) tropical cyclones will tend to appear in the WNP. The present study also addresses the large-scale at- mospheric general circulation changes underlying the linkage between APO and the WNP tropical cy- clone frequency. It follows that a positive phase of summer APO is concurrent with weakened as well as northward and eastward located western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), low-level convergence and high-level divergence, and reduced vertical zonal wind shear in the WNP, providing favorable envi- ronment for the tropical cyclone genesis, and thus more tropical cyclones will come into being, and vice versa.ZHOU BoTao1, CUI Xuan2 & ZHAO Ping3 1 Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China 2 National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China 3 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China 2008Science China Earth Sciences2008,51,3:40
15Above-and belowground biomass in relation to envi- ronmental factors in temperate grasslands, Inner Mongolia显示文摘Above- and belowground biomasses of grasslands are important parameters for characterizing re- gional and global carbon cycles in grassland ecosystems. Compared with the relatively detailed in- formation for aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass (BGB) is poorly reported at the re- gional scales. The present study, based on a total of 113 sampling sites in temperate grassland of the Inner Mongolia, investigated regional distribution patterns of AGB, BGB, vertical distribution of roots, and their relationships with environmental factors. AGB and BGB increased from the southwest to the northeast of the study region. The largest biomass occurred in meadow steppe, with mean AGB and BGB of 196.7 and 1385.2 g/m2, respectively; while the lowest biomass occurred in desert steppe, with an AGB of 56.6 g/m2 and a BGB of 301.0 g/m2. In addition, about 47% of root biomass was distributed in the top 10 cm soil. Further statistical analysis indicated that precipitation was the primary determinant factor in shaping these distribution patterns. Vertical distribution of roots was significantly affected by precipitation, while the effects of soil texture and grassland types were weak.MA WenHong1,2, YANG YuanHe1, HE JinSheng1, ZENG Hui1,2 & FANG JingYun1 1 Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 2 School of Environment & Urban Study, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China 2008Science China(Life Sciences)2008,51,3:34
16五个月短程化疗及六个月全程间歇方案治疗菌阳肺结核的临床对照研究显示文摘目的考核利福喷丁(L)的疗效;缩短疗程或全程间歇以减少用药次数;观察全程应用吡嗪酰胺(Z)对疗效及毒副反应的影响。方法以利福平(R)为对照,采用5个月疗程方案(Ⅰ组2SHRZ/3R2H2Z2,Ⅱ组2SHRZ/3L1H2Z2)、6个月全间歇方案(Ⅲ组2S3H3R3Z3/4L1H2Z2,Ⅳ组2S3H3R3Z3/4L1H2E2),观察Z的全程应用结果,巩固期以乙胺丁醇(E)为对照。366例初治菌阳肺结核随机分入以上4组。结果(1)339例完成疗程者中329例治疗成功,满疗程时痰菌阴转率Ⅰ~Ⅳ组分别为970%、941%、1000%、972%。X线病灶有效率依序为960%、976%、1000%和944%。5个月组与6个月组空洞关闭率分别为77%及76%。各组相互比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05),未见严重副作用。(2)305例完成3年随访,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组细菌学加X线复发分别为2、3、6和3例。结论本研究结果进一步证明L是长效、高效、安全、便于督导的新药;巩固期用Z无必要;现有基本药物合理联用有可能缩短疗程为5个月,值得进一步研究。National Cooperative Group On Clinical Study of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Report prepared by Chu Naihui , Yan Biya, Zhu Lizhen). Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing 101149 1998中华结核和呼吸杂志1998,21,7:26
17Change of surface cover greenness in China between 2000 and 2010显示文摘Surface greenness reflects the situation of vegetation cover.Vegetation index calculated from the Red and Near Infrared bands of remote sensing images,whose values indicate the level of photosynthetic activity,is monotonically related to surface greenness when vegetation canopy does not fully cover the background soil.Especially for desert regions,vegetation index is positively correlated with vegetation coverage.Therefore,vegetation index can be used to study the change in greenness of desert areas.This study collected MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data from 2000 to 2010 and analyzed their change over China in this period.The results showed that an increasing trend of NDVI occurred over 66.84% (OLS fitting) or 64.27% (LAD fitting) of China,indicating that China's greenness is increasing overall.Meanwhile,desertification of China decreased.Areas showing large increase in greenness are found in Shaanxi,Shanxi,Ningxia,Henan,Shandong,Qinghai,and Gansu while regions with large decrease in greenness are found in Northeast Inner Mongolia,South Tibet,Jiangsu,and Shanghai.Changes of Qinghai,Gansu,Xinjiang and South Tibet could probably be driven by climate factors.Decrease of greenness in Northeast Inner Mongolia was related to agricultural reclamation.Decrease of greenness in Jiangsu and Shanghai was related to rapid urbanization.Climate factors did not exhibit obvious correspondence to the large increase in greenness in Shaanxi,Shanxi,Ningxia and Gansu,indicating that the changes might have been caused by human factors.The reduction of desert areas in China could probably have been caused by human management and protection at the national scale.LIU Shuang1,4& GONG Peng1,2,31State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences,and Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101, China 2Institute for Global Change Studies & Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 3Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720, USA 4Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 2012Chinese Science Bulletin2012,57,22:23
18Clinical significance of diabetes on symptom and patient delay among patients with acute myocardial infarction——an analysis from China Acute Myocardial Infarction(CAMI) registry显示文摘Background Diabetes is frequently associated with poor prognosis among acute myocardial infarction(AMI)patients.Patients with these comorbidities often have atypical symptoms and subsequent delay in treatment.Few studies have reported detailed AMI symptoms in patients with diabetes.This study compared AMI symptoms and presentation characteristics between diabetics and non-diabetics.Methods We included patients from the China AMI registry diagnosed with AMI between January 2013 and September 2014.Baseline characteristics,symptomology,and delay in treatment were compared between diabetics and non-diabetics.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to explore independent predictors of atypical symptoms.Results A total of 4450(20.2%)patients had diabetes.They were older,more often women,higher in body mass index,and more likely to have non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction.Fewer diabetic patients presented with persistent precordial chest pain(63.1%vs.68%,P<0.0001),diaphoresis(60.1%vs.65.6%,P<0.0001),fatigue(16.7%vs.18.3%,P=0.0123),and incontinence(0.4%vs.0.7%,P=0.0093).Time to hospital presentation was longer among patients with diabetes than those without.In multivariable analysis,diabetes was identified as an independent predictor of atypical symptoms(OR:1.112,95%CI:1.034?1.196).Conclusions Our study is the first large-scale study providing evidence that diabetics are less likely to present with typical chest pain and more likely to experience treatment delay when suffering from an AMI.Our results may increase clinician awareness of recognizing AMI patients rapidly to reduce diagnosis and treatment delay,particularly in the context of diabetes.Rui FU Si-Dong LI Chen-Xi SONG Jing-Ang YANG Hai-Yan XU Xiao-Jin GAO Yi XU Jian-Ping ZENG Jun-Nong LI Ke-Fei DOU Yue-Jin YANG on behalf of the CAMI Registry study group Beijing,China 2019Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2019,16,5:21
19APC and K-ras gene mutation in aberrant crypt foci of human colon显示文摘AIM To study the genetic alteration in ACF andto define the possibility that ACF may be a veryearly morphological lesion with molecularchanges, and to explore the relationshipbetween ACF and colorectal adenoma evencarcinoma.METHODS DNA from 35 CRC, 15 adenomas, 34ACF and 10 normal mucus was isolated by meansof microdissection. Direct gene sequencing of K-ras gene including codon 12, 13 and 61 as well asthe mutation cluster region (MCR) of APC genewas performed.RESULTS K-ras gene mutation frequency inACF, adenoma and carcinoma was 17.6% (6/34), 13.3% (2/ 15), and 14.3% (5/ 35)respectively, showing no difference ( P > 0.05)in K-fas gene mutation among three pathologicprocedures. The K-ras gene mutation inadenoma, carcinoma and 4 ACF restricted incodon 12 (GGT→GAT), but the other 2 mutationsfrom ACF located in codon 13 (GGC→GAC). K-res gene mutation was found more frequently inolder patients and patients with polypoidcancer. No mutation in codon 61 was found in thethree tissue types. Mutation rate of APO gene inadenoma and carcinoma was 22.9% (8/35) and26.7% (4/ 15), which was higher than ACF(2.9%) (P < 0.05). APC gene mutation incarcinoma was not correlated with age ofpatients, location, size and differentiation oftumor.CONCLUSION ACF might be a very earlymorphological lesion in the tumorogenesis ofcolorectal tumor. The morphological feature andgene mutation status was different in ACF andadenoma. ACF is possibly putative'microadenoma' that might be the precursor ofadenoma. In addition, the development of asubgroup of colorectal carcinomas mightundergo a way of 'normal epithelium→ ACF→carcinomas'.Ping Yuan~1 Meng Hong Sun~2 Jin Sheng Zhang~1 Xiong Zeng Zhu~2 Da Ren Shi~2 ~1Department of Pathology,Medical College of Fudan University,~2Department of Pathology,Cancer Hospital/Cancer Institute,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,ChinaDr.Ping Yuan Studying Province.studying in Medical College of Fudan University,worked in Department of Pathology,Wannan Medical College,having eighteen papers published. 2001World Journal of Gastroenterology2001,7,3:20
20马王堆帛书《式法》释文摘要显示文摘1973年湖南长沙马王堆三号汉墓出土的帛书,有一种在过去报道中通称“篆书阴阳五行”,其内容实际是选择吉凶时曰的数术,与湖北云梦睡虎地十一号秦墓所出竹简《曰书》相类,而更多与“式”的运作有关,今暂题为《式法》。目前《式法》的整理工作尚未全部完成,现选刊其中七部分的释文,供学术界研究。The Study Group for the Silk Books from Mawangdui 2000文物2000,,7:20
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