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| 1 | 帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析显示文摘背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性NSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBRO-RT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性NSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBRO-RT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBRO-RT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为<10年组和≥10年组)。MDACC研究的患者根据放疗计划可行性被等比例随机分配入2个受试组。由于联合治疗组的干预本质,每个研究中的放疗均不适用盲法。在2个研究中,不论是否进行放疗,均静脉滴入帕博利珠单抗(每3周200 mg)。在PEMBRO-RT研究中,在放疗(24 Gy 3次分割照射)结束后1周给予第1剂帕博利珠单抗。在MDACC研究中,在第1次放疗(50 Gy 4次分割照射或45 Gy 15次分割照射)同时给予帕博利珠单抗。仅检测未经照射病灶的应答。本研究的终点为最佳射野外(远隔)应答率(ARR)、最佳射野外疾病控制率(ACR)、12周时ARR、12周时ACR、无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。2个研究的意向治疗(ITT)人群均纳入分析。PEMBRO-RT研究(NCT02492568)和MDACC研究(NCT02444741)均在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQR):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳ARR分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),OR=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACR分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),OR=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQR:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQR:6.8~11.2),HR=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQR:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQR:14.6~23.8),OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性NSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。 | 陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs Heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa N Niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-Nhu Nguyen Nathan I Comeaux George R Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis Steven H Lin Kewen He Roshal Patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh | 2021 | 中华肿瘤防治杂志2021，28，24： | 49 |
| 2 | 上海26万妇女乳房自我检查随机试验显示文摘目的论证指导妇女进行乳房自我检查(BSE)是否能有效降低乳腺癌患者的死亡率。方法自1989年10月起,上海26.6万名年龄在30~64岁的妇女,随机进入指导组(132979名)和对照组(133085名)。在指导组,最初先由医务人员做规范的BSE手法演示,随后的4年中,使用BSE录像带进行二次强化教育,并定期进行BSE指导和在医务人员监察下进行BSE操作。本研究进行5年,全部活动均被记录。队列人群随访到2000年7月,乳腺癌患者的生存状况随访到2001年12月。统计分析采用Kaplan-Meier方法、Logrank检验以及Cox模型。结果指导组检出乳腺癌864例,其中死于乳腺癌133例;对照组检出乳腺癌896例,其中死于乳腺癌130例。两组乳腺癌病例的肿块大小、TNM分期和累积死亡率的差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。但是指导组比对照组有较多和较小的纤维腺瘤被检出(P<0.01)。结论对人群开展BSE教育和指导,未能降低人群的乳腺癌死亡率;接受BSE教育的妇女比没有接受教育的妇女可检出较多的和较小的良性乳房肿块。 | 高道利 David BThomas Roberta M Ray 王文婉 Charlene J Allison 陈范良 Peggy Porter 胡永伟 赵关林 潘雷达 李雯瑾 武春园 Zakia Coriaty Ilonka Evans 林明纲 Helge Stalsberg Steven Gself | 2005 | 中华肿瘤杂志2005，27，6： | 14 |
| 3 | Bacterial biota in reflux esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus显示文摘AIM: To identify the bacterial flora in conditions such as Barrett's esophagus and reflux esophagitis to determine if they are similar to normal esophageal flora.METHODS: Using broad-range 16S rDNA PCR,esophageal biopsies were examined from 24 patients [9with normal esophageal mucosa, 12 with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and 3 with Barrett's esophagus].Two separate broad-range PCR reactions were performed for each patient, and the resulting products were cloned.In one patient with Barrett's esophagus, g9 PCR clones were analyzed.RESULTS: Two separate clones were recovered from each patient (total = 48), representing 24 different species, with 14 species homologous to known bacteria,5 homologous to unidentified bacteria, and 5 were not homologous (<97% identity) to any known bacterial 16S rDNA sequences. Seventeen species were found in the reflux esophagitis patients, 5 in the Barrett's esophagus patients, and 10 in normal esophagus patients.Further analysis concentrating on a single biopsy from an individual with Barrett's esophagus revealed the presence of 21. distinct bacterial species. Members of four phyla were represented, including Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria.Microscopic examination of each biopsy demonstrated bacteria in intimate association with the distal esophageal epithelium, suggesting that the presence of these bacteria is not transitory.CONCLUSION: These findings provide evidence for a complex, residential bacterial population in esophageal reflux-related disorders. While much of this biota is present in the normal esophagus, more detailed comparisons may help identify potential disease associations. | Zhiheng Pei Liying Yang Richard M Peek Jr Steven M Levine David T Pride Martin J Blaser | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，46： | 11 |
| 4 | 静脉血栓栓塞症的抗血栓治疗:美国《胸科学》杂志指南显示文摘包括深静脉血栓和肺栓塞在内的静脉血栓栓塞症是癌症患者的主要并发症,发生率为4%~20%,并且是常见的潜在致命性急症。本文介绍了美国《胸科学》杂志指南中VET的抗血栓治疗的部分内容,其以第9版《美国胸内科医师学会循证临床实践指南》中的《静脉血栓栓塞症的抗血栓治疗:抗血栓治疗和阻止血栓形成》一文为参照,基于静脉血栓栓塞症治疗的Ⅲ期试验的发表年份,对口服抗凝剂(达比加群、利伐沙班、阿哌沙班、依度沙班)进行先后阐述(但是这一排序并不是指南专家组对药剂的优劣排序),以为临床医生提供参考。 | Kearon C Akl EA Ornelas J Blaivas A Jimenez D Bounameaux H Huisman M King CS MorrisT Sood N Stevens SM Vintch JRE Wells P Woller SC Moores CL 本刊编辑部 | 2016 | 中国全科医学2016，19，9： | 10 |
| 5 | National trends in resection of the distal pancreas显示文摘AIM:To investigate national trends in distal pancreatectomy(DP) through query of three national patient care databases.METHODS:From the Nationwide Inpatient Sample(NIS,2003-2009),the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project(NSQIP,2005-2010),and the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results(SEER,2003-2009) databases using appropriate diagnostic and procedural codes we identified all patients with a diagnosis of a benign or malignant lesion of the body and/or tail of the pancreas that had undergone a partial or distal pancreatectomy.Utilization of laparoscopy was defined in NIS by the International Classification of Diseases,Ninth Revision correspondent procedure code;and in NSQIP by the exploratory laparoscopy or unlisted procedure current procedural terminology codes.In SEER,patients were identified by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology,Third Edition diagnosis codes and the SEER Program Code Manual,third edition procedure codes.We analyzed the databases with respect to trends of inpatient outcome metrics,oncologic outcomes,and hospital volumes in patients with lesions of the neck and body of the pancreas that underwent operative resection.RESULTS:NIS,NSQIP and SEER identified 4242,2681 and 11 082 DP resections,respectively.Overall,laparoscopy was utilized in 15%(NIS) and 27%(NSQIP).No significant increase was seen over the course of the study.Resection was performed for malignancy in 59%(NIS) and 66%(NSQIP).Neither patient Body mass index nor comorbidities were associated with operative approach(P = 0.95 and P = 0.96,respectively).Mortality(3% vs 2%,P = 0.05) and reoperation(4% vs 4%,P = 1.0) was not different between laparoscopy and open groups.Overall complications(10% vs 15%,P < 0.001),hospital costs [44 741 dollars,interquartile range(IQR) 28 347-74 114 dollars vs 49 792 dollars,IQR 13 299-73 463,P = 0.02] and hospital length of stay(7 d,IQR 4-11 d vs 7 d,IQR 6-10,P < 0.001) were less when laparoscopy was utilized.One and two year survival after resection for malignancy were unchanged over the course of the study(ductal adenocarinoma 1-year 63.6% and 2-year 35.1%,P = 0.53;intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and nueroendocrine 1-year 90% and 2-year 84%,P = 0.25).The majority of resections were performed in teaching hospitals(77% NIS and 85% NSQIP),but minimally invasive surgery(MIS) was not more likely to be used in teaching hospitals(15% vs 14%,P = 0.26).Hospitals in the top decile for volume were more likely to be teaching hospitals than lower volume deciles(88% vs 43%,P < 0.001),but were no more likely to utilize MIS at resection.Complication rate in teaching and the top decile hospitals was not significantly decreased when compared to non-teaching(15% vs 14%,P = 0.72) and lower volume hospitals(14% vs 15%,P = 0.99).No difference was seen in the median number of lymph nodes and lymph node ratio in N1 disease when compared by year(P = 0.17 and P = 0.96,respectively).CONCLUSION:There appears to be an overall underutilization of laparoscopy for DP.Centralization does not appear to be occurring.Survival and lymph node harvest have not changed. | Armando Rosales-Velderrain Steven P Bowers Ross F Goldberg Tatyan M Clarke Mauricia A Buchanan John A Stauffer Horacio J Asbun | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 8 |
| 6 | Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours显示文摘 | Irvin M Modlin Kjell Oberg Daniel C Chung Robert T Jensen Wouter W de Herder Rajesh V Thakker Martyn Caplin Gianfranco Delle Fave Greg A Kaltsas Eric P Krenning Steven F Moss Ola Nilsson Guido Rindi Ramon Salazar Philippe Ruszniewski Anders Sundin | 2008 | Lancet Oncology2008，，1： | 8 |
| 7 | Promoting metastasis: neutrophils and T cells join forces显示文摘 | Zvi G Fridlender Steven M Albelda Zvi Granot | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，7： | 7 |
| 8 | Postoperative delirium after major orthopedic surgery显示文摘BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium(POD)is one of the most common complications in older adult patients undergoing elective surgery.Few studies have compared,within the same institution,the type of surgery,risk factors and type of anesthesia and analgesia associated with the development of POD.AIM To investigate the following three questions:(1)What is the incidence of POD after non-ambulatory orthopedic surgery at a high-volume orthopedic specialty hospital?(2)Does surgical procedure influence incidence of POD after nonambulatory orthopedic surgery?And(3)For POD after non-ambulatory orthopedic surgery,what are modifiable risk factors?METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted of all non-ambulatory orthopedic surgeries at a single orthopedic specialty hospital between 2009 and 2014.Patients under 18 years were excluded from the cohort.Patient characteristics and medical history were obtained from electronic medical records.Patients with POD were identified using International Classification of Diseases,9^th Revision(ICD-9)codes that were not present on admission.For incidence analyses,the cohort was grouped into total hip arthroplasty(THA),bilateral THA,total knee arthroplasty(TKA),bilateral TKA,spine fusion,other spine procedures,femur/pelvic fracture,and other procedures using ICD-9 codes.For descriptive and regression analyses,the cohort was grouped,using ICD-9 codes,into THA,TKA,spinal fusions,and all procedures.RESULTS Of 78492 surgical inpatient surgeries,the incidence from 2009 to 2014 was 1.2%with 959 diagnosed with POD.The incidence of POD was higher in patients undergoing spinal fusions(3.3%)than for patients undergoing THA(0.8%);THA patients had the lowest incidence.Also,urgent and/or emergent procedures,defined by femoral and pelvic fractures,had the highest incidence of POD(7.2%)than all other procedures.General anesthesia was not seen as a significant risk factor for POD for any procedure type;however,IV patient-controlled analgesia was a significant risk factor for patients undergoing THA[Odds ratio(OR)=1.98,95%confidence interval(CI):1.19 to 3.28,P=0.008].Significant risk factors for POD included advanced age(for THA,OR=4.9,95%CI:3.0-7.9,P<0.001;for TKA,OR=2.16,95%CI:1.58-2.94,P<0.001),American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 3 or higher(for THA,OR=2.01,95%CI:1.33-3.05,P<0.001),multiple medical comorbidities,hyponatremia(for THA,OR=2.36,95%CI:1.54 to 3.64,P<0.001),parenteral diazepam(for THA,OR=5.05,95%CI:1.5-16.97,P=0.009;for TKA,OR=4.40,95%CI:1.52-12.75,P=0.007;for spine fusion,OR=2.17,95%CI:1.19-3.97,P=0.01),chronic opioid dependence(for THA,OR=7.11,95%CI:3.26-15.51,P<0.001;for TKA,OR=2.98,95%CI:1.38-6.41,P=0.005)and alcohol dependence(for THA,OR=5.05,95%CI:2.72-9.37,P<0.001;for TKA,OR=6.40,95%CI:4.00-10.26,P<0.001;for spine fusion,OR=6.64,95%CI:3.72-11.85,P<0.001).CONCLUSION POD is lower(1.2%)than previously reported;likely due to the use of multimodal regional anesthesia and early ambulation.Both fixed and modifiable factors are identified. | Michael K Urban Mayu Sasaki Abigail M Schmucker Steven K Magid | 2020 | World Journal of Orthopedics2020，11，2： | 7 |
| 9 | Destabilization of strigolactone receptor DWARF14 by binding of ligand and E3-1igase signaling effector DWARF3显示文摘 | Li-Hua Zhao X Edward Zhou Wei Yi Zhongshan Wu Yue Liu Yanyong Kang Li Hou Parker W de Waal Suling Li Yi Jiang Adrian Scaffidi Gavin R Flematti Steven M Smith Vinh Q Lam Patrick R Griffin YonghongWang Jiayang Li Karsten Melcher H Eric Xu | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，11： | 7 |
| 10 | Renal cell carcinoma: Evolving and emerging subtypes显示文摘Our knowledge of renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is rapidly expanding. For those who diagnose and treat RCC, it is important to understand the new developments. In recent years, many new renal tumors have been described and defined, and our understanding of the biology and clinical correlates of these tumors is changing. Evolving concepts in Xp11 translocation carcinoma, mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, multilocular cystic clear cell RCC, and carcinoma associated with neuroblastoma are addressed within this review. Tubulocystic carcinoma, thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of kidney, acquired cystic disease-associated RCC, and clear cell papillary RCC are also described. Finally, candidate entities, including RCC with t(6;11) translocation, hybrid oncocytoma/chromophobe RCC, hereditary leiomyomatosis and RCC syndrome, and renal angiomyoadenomatous tumor are reviewed. Knowledge of these new entities is important for diagnosis, treatment and subsequent prognosis. This review provides a targeted summary of new developments in RCC. | Suzanne M Crumley Mukul Divatia Luan Truong Steven Shen Alberto G Ayala Jae Y Ro | 2013 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2013，1，9： | 7 |
| 11 | CaMKII in cerebral ischemia显示文摘神经原上的 Ischemic 侮辱触发引起 Ca 导致 neuronal 房间死亡(excitotoxicity ) 的 2+ 超载的过多的、病理学的 glutamate 版本。Ca 2+/calmodulin (凸轮) 依赖者蛋白质 kinase II (CaMKII ) 是位于 neuronal 粘性下面并且学习的生理的有刺激性的 glutamate 信号的一个主要调停人。Glutamate 刺激在 T286 触发 CaMKII 的 autophosphorylation,使 kinase 成为 “ 的一个过程; autonomous”(从 Ca 2+ 刺激的部分活跃的独立人士) 并且那为 synaptic 的形式被要求粘性。最近的研究为侮辱以后的 neuroprotection 作为潜在的药目标也建议了自治 CaMKII 活动,在在 neuronal 文化的 glutamate 侮辱以后并且在在 vivo 的焦点的服的局部缺血以后。然而, CaMKII 和凸轮 kinase 家庭的另外的成员在 neuronal 死亡和幸存的规定被含有。这里,我们在 excitotoxicity 和服的局部缺血讨论过去的调查结果和凸轮 kinase 功能的可能的机制,与 CaMKII 和它的规定的一个焦点。 | Steven J COULTRAP Rebekah S VEST Nicole M ASHPOLE Andy HUDMON K Ulrich BAYEF | 2011 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2011，32，7： | 6 |
| 12 | 帕博利珠单抗联合以铂类为基础的化疗治疗非小细胞肺癌合并稳定性脑转移患者的结局:KEYNOTE-021、-189和-407研究的汇总分析显示文摘背景与目的此项探索性分析回顾评价了晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者的结局,旨在确定基线时合并脑转移是否会影响一线应用帕博利珠单抗联合化疗(pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy,PC)比对单用化疗的疗效。患者和方法对KEYNOTE-021队列G(非鳞癌)、KEYNOTE-189(非鳞癌)和KEYNOTE-407(鳞癌)三项研究晚期NSCLC患者的数据进行汇总分析。患者接受含铂两药化疗和/或35个周期帕博利珠单抗治疗(每3周200 mg)。所有研究均纳入了经治或初治的稳定性脑转移患者(KEYNOTE-189与KEYNOTE-407研究纳入初治脑转移患者)。经治的脑转移患者已处于病情稳定的状态≥2周(KEYNOTE-021队列G患者≥4周),无新发或脑转移病灶扩大的证据且入组前至少3天以上未使用激素。初治的无症状脑转移患者需定期接受脑部影像学检查。结果共纳入1298例患者,其中171例有基线脑转移,1127例无脑转移。两组的中位随访时间(范围)在数据截止时分别为10.9(0.1-35.1)个月和11.0(0.1-34.9)个月。合并脑转移和无脑转移患者的总生存期[0.48(95%CI:0.32-0.70)和0.63(95%CI:0.53-0.75)]和无进展生存期[0.44(95%CI:0.31-0.62)和0.55(95%CI:0.48-0.63)]的风险比(PC/化疗)相似。合并脑转移的患者中,PC组和单用化疗组患者的中位总生存期分别为18.8个月和7.6个月,中位无进展生存期分别为6.9个月和4.1个月。无论是否合并脑转移,PC组患者的客观缓解率都高于单用化疗组,且缓解持续时间有显著延长。合并脑转移的患者中,PC组与单用化疗组的治疗相关不良事件发生率分别为88.2%和82.8%;而无脑转移的患者中,两组治疗相关不良事件的发生率分别为94.5%和90.6%。结论无论是否合并脑转移,与单用化疗相比,帕博利珠单抗联合以铂类为基础的组织学特异性化疗可改善所有PD-L1亚组的临床结局,其中包括PD-L1肿瘤比例评分<1%的患者,并且在晚期NSCLC患者中安全性良好。该方案是晚期NSCLC初治患者的标准方案,并可用于合并稳定性脑转移的患者。 | 周清(翻译校对) Steven F Powell Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu Corey J Langer Ali Tafreshi Luis Paz-Ares Hans-Georg Kopp Jeronimo Rodríguez-Cid Dariusz M Kowalski Ying Cheng Takayasu Kurata Mark M Awad Jinaxin Lin Bin Zhao M Catherine Pietanza Bilal Piperdi Marina C Garassino | 2022 | 中国肺癌杂志2022，25，1： | 6 |
| 13 | Mycophenolate mofetil for maintenance of remission in steroid-dependent autoimmune pancreatitis显示文摘Systemic corticosteroids represent the standard treatment for autoimmune pancreatitis with IgG4-associated cholangitis.For steroid-dependent disease,azathioprine has been used for maintenance of remission.Mycophenolate mofetil has been used for transplant immunosuppression and more recently for autoimmune hepatitis;however,there are no case reports to date on the use of mycophenolate mofetil in adult patients with autoimmune pancreatitis.A patient with IgG4-mediated autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-associated cholangitis refractory to steroids and intolerant of azathioprine was treated with mycophenolate mofetil,which inhibits de novo guanosine synthesis and blockade of both B and T lymphocyte production.Introduction of mycophenolate mofetil and uptitration to 1000 mg by mouth twice daily over a treatment period of 4 mo was associated with improvement in the patient's energy level and blood glucose control and was not associated with any adverse events.The patient was managed without a biliary stent.However,there was a return of symptoms,jaundice,increase in transaminases,and hyperbilirubinemia when the prednisone dose reached 11 mg per day.In the first report of mycophenolate mofetil use in an adult patient with IgG4-associated autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-associated cholangitis,the introduction of mycophenolate mofetil was safe and well-tolerated without adverse events,but it did not enable discontinuation of the steroids.Mycophenolate mofetil and other immunomodulatory therapies should continue to be studied for maintenance of remission in the large subset of patients with refractory or recurrent autoimmune pancreatitis. | Jamie B Sodikoff Steven A Keilin Sheila J Bharmal Melinda M Lewis Gottumukkala S Raju Field F Willingham | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，18： | 6 |
| 14 | National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants显示文摘 | Goodarz Danaei Mariel M Finucane Yuan Lu Gitanjali M Singh Melanie J Cowan Christopher J Paciorek John K Lin Farshad Farzadfar Young-Ho Khang Gretchen A Stevens Mayuree Rao Mohammed K Ali Leanne M Riley Carolyn A Robinson Majid Ezzati | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9785： | 6 |
| 15 | 发展中国家的远程医疗──其影响超过发达国家显示文摘 | Steven M Edworthy 汪莺昱 | 2002 | 英国医学杂志中文版2002，5，3： | 5 |
| 16 | Distributed sparse bundle adjustment algorithm based on three-dimensional point partition and asynchronous communication显示文摘Sparse bundle adjustment(SBA) is a key but time-and memory-consuming step in three-dimensional(3 D) reconstruction. In this paper, we propose a 3 D point-based distributed SBA algorithm(DSBA) to improve the speed and scalability of SBA. The algorithm uses an asynchronously distributed sparse bundle adjustment(A-DSBA)to overlap data communication with equation computation. Compared with the synchronous DSBA mechanism(SDSBA), A-DSBA reduces the running time by 46%. The experimental results on several 3 D reconstruction datasets reveal that our distributed algorithm running on eight nodes is up to five times faster than that of the stand-alone parallel SBA. Furthermore, the speedup of the proposed algorithm(running on eight nodes with 48 cores) is up to41 times that of the serial SBA(running on a single node). | Xiao-long SHEN Yong DOU Steven MILLS David M EYERS Huan FENG Zhiyi HUANG | 2018 | Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering2018，19，7： | 4 |
| 17 | 生物素——抗结核药物新研究方向(英文)显示文摘耐药菌的出现对全球公共卫生构成了巨大的挑战,结核分枝杆菌(TB)是结核病的病原菌,是临床上最重要的病原体之一。新抗生素的研发用以治疗耐药性结核病已成为临床及公共卫生管理亟待解决的重要问题。生物素(维生素B7)在结核杆菌的代谢途径如脂肪酸合成和三羧酸循环中发挥重要作用,通过生物素蛋白连接酶连接活性辅助因子而被激活。生物素蛋白连接酶及其相关生物合成通路是微生物合成生物素过程中必不可或缺的关键分子,因而有可能成为新的药物靶点。遗传研究表明,结核杆菌需要由菌体进行生物素的全程合成,因此,生物素合成酶在在结核杆菌代谢过程中起着至关重要的作用,引起了抗结核药物研究者的高度重视。本文论述了结核杆菌生物素合成通路,并重点分析了生物素合成过程中可能成为药物靶点的关键酶,旨在为结核病的治疗提供新思路,具有重要的临床意义。 | THOMPSON Andrew P STERNICKI Louise M WEGENER Kate L 陆伟 竺丽梅 BOOKER Grant W POLYAK Steven W 李燕 | 2016 | 江苏预防医学2016，27，3： | 4 |
| 18 | Neonatal vitamin A injection promotes cattle muscle growth and increases oxidative muscle fibers显示文摘Background: Vitamin A and its metabolite,retinoic acid(RA),are important regulators of cell differentiation and organ morphogenesis.Its impact on beef cattle muscle growth remains undefined.Method: Angus steer calves were administrated with 0(control) or 150,000 IU vitamin A(retinyl palmitate in glycerol,i.m.) per calf at birth and 1 month of age.At 2 months of age,a biopsy of the Biceps femoris muscle was obtained to analyze the immediate effects of vitamin A injection on myogenic capacity of muscle cells.The resulting steers were harvested at 14 months of age.Results: Vitamin A administration increased cattle growth at 2 months.At 2 months of age,Vitamin A increased PAX7 positive satellite cells and the expression of myogenic marker genes including PAX7,MYF5,MYOD and MYOG.Muscle derived mononuclear cells were further isolated and induced myogenesis in vitro.More myotubes and a higher degree of myogenesis was observed in vitamin A groups.Consistently,vitamin A increased Latissimus dorsi(LD) muscle fiber size at harvest.In addition,vitamin A increased the ratio of oxidative type I and type IIA fibers and reduced the glycolic type IIX fibers.Furthermore,we found that RA,a key bioactive metabolite of vitamin A,activated PPARGC1 A promoter,which explains the upregulated expression of PPARGC1 A in skeletal muscle.Conclusion: Vitamin A administration to neonatal calves enhanced postnatal muscle growth by promoting myogenesis and increasing satellite cell density,accompanied with a shift to oxidative muscle fibers. | Bo Wang Wei Nie Xing Fu Jeanene M de Avila Yannan Ma Mei-Jun Zhu Martin Maquivar Steven M Parish Jan R Busboom Mark L Nelson Min Du | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，1： | 3 |
| 19 | Ovarian autoimmune disease: clinical concepts and anima models显示文摘卵巢不是一个 immunologically 给予优惠的机关,但是在为卵巢特定的抗原的 tolerogenic 机制的一个故障在生育力上有灾难性的后果在里面女人,和这在自体免疫的疾病的鼠科的模型被复制。孤立的卵巢的自体免疫的疾病在女人是稀罕的,由于疾病和无能到的严厉可能播送越过代授与卵巢的疾病的基因信息。尽管如此,自体免疫的卵巢炎经常与另外的自体免疫的疾病联合被观察,特别地自体免疫的肾的疾病,并且在社会和单个健康上拿使用费。在老鼠的研究揭示了保护卵巢免受自体免疫的攻击的伤害的至少二机制。这些机制为自体免疫的管理者(亚耳河) 由导出胸腺的规章的 T 房间,以及一个角色包括 autoreactive T 房间的控制,在髓的 thymic 导致限制织物的抗原的表示的一个 transcriptional 管理者上皮的房间在 T 房间的开发期间。尽管后者机制不完全地被定义,也的失败导致自体免疫调停指向和卵巢的滤泡的弄空,这很好被建立。在这评论,我们将探讨自体免疫调停的临床的特征和后果在女人的卵巢的不孕,以及由动物揭示了的疾病的可能的机制当模特儿。 | Bryce D Warren William K Kinsey Lynda K McGinnis Lane K Christenson Susmita Jasti Anne M Stevens Brian K Petroff Margaret G Petroff | 2014 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2014，11，6： | 3 |
| 20 | Clinical classification of symptomatic heterotopic pancreas of the stomach and duodenum:A case series and systematic literature review显示文摘BACKGROUND Heterotopic pancreas(HP)is an aberrant anatomic malformation that occurs most commonly in the upper gastrointestinal tract.While the majority of heterotopic pancreatic lesions are asymptomatic,many manifest severe clinical symptoms which require surgical or endoscopic intervention.Understanding of the clinical manifestations and symptoms of HP is limited due to the lack of large volume studies in the literature.The purpose of this study is to review symptomatic cases at a single center and compare these to a systematic review of the literature in order to characterize common clinical manifestations and treatment of this disease.AIM To classify the common clinical manifestations of heterotopic pancreas.METHODS A retrospective review was conducted of pathologic samples containing heterotopic pancreas from 2000-2018.Review was limited to HP of the upper gastrointestinal tract due to the frequency of presentation in this location.Symptomatic patients were identified from review of the medical records and clinical symptoms were tabulated.These were compared to a systematic review of the literature utilizing Pub Med and Embase searches for papers pertaining to heterotopic pancreas.Publications describing symptomatic presentation of HP were selected for review.Information including demographics,symptoms,presentation and treatment were compiled and analyzed.RESULTS Twenty-nine patient were identified with HP at a single center,with six of these identified has having clinical symptoms.Clinical manifestations included,gastrointestinal bleeding,gastric ulceration with/without perforation,pancreatitis,and gastric outlet obstruction.Systemic review of the literature yielded 232 publications detailing symptomatic cases with only 20 studies describing ten or more patients.Single and multi-patient studies were combined to form a cohort of 934 symptomatic patients.The majority of patients presented with abdominal pain(67%)combined with one of the following clinical categories:(1)Dyspepsia,(n=445,48%);(2)Pancreatitis(n=260,28%);(3)Gastrointestinal bleeding(n=80,9%);and(4)Gastric outlet obstruction(n=80,9%).The majority of cases(n=832,90%)underwent surgical or endoscopic resection with 85%reporting resolution or improvement in their symptoms.CONCLUSION Heterotopic pancreas can cause significant clinical symptoms in the upper gastrointestinal tract.Better understanding and classification of this disease may result in more accurate identification and treatment of this malformation. | Michael T Le Compte Brandon Mason Keenan J Robbins Motoyo Yano Deyali Chatterjee Ryan C Fields Steven M Strasberg William G Hawkins | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，14： | 3 |
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