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| 1 | Diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding: A practical guide for clinicians显示文摘Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common problem encountered in the emergency department and in the primary care setting. Acute or overt gastrointestinal bleeding is visible in the form of hematemesis, melena or hematochezia. Chronic or occult gastrointestinal bleeding is notapparent to the patient and usually presents as positive fecal occult blood or iron deficiency anemia. Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding is recurrent bleeding when the source remains unidentified after upper endoscopy and colonoscopic evaluation and is usually from the small intestine. Accurate clinical diagnosis is crucial and guides definitive investigations and interventions. This review summarizes the overall diagnostic approach to gastrointestinal bleeding and provides a practical guide for clinicians. | Bong Sik Matthew Kim Bob T Li Alexander Engel Jaswinder S Samra Stephen Clarke Ian D Norton Angela E Li | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2014，5，4： | 13 |
| 2 | Hepatitis B infection among adults in the philippines:A national seroprevalence study显示文摘AIM:To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)seropositivity among adult Filipinos.METHODS:Testing for HBsAg was performed on serum samples from persons aged ≥ 20 years old who participated in the National Nutrition and Health Survey(NNHeS)conducted in 2003.Information on age,sex,marital status,educational attainment,employment status,and income were collected.For this study,marital status was classified as never married or otherwise(i.e.,married,divorced,separated,widowed);educational attainment was classified as high school graduate or below or at least some tertiary education;and employment status was classified as currently employed or currently unemployed.Annual income was divided into 4 quartiles in Philippine pesos(PhP):Q1,≤ PhP 53064;Q2,PhP 53065-92192;Q3,PhP 92193-173387;and Q4,≥ PhP 173388.Prevalence estimates were weighted so that they represented the general population.Social and demographic factors were correlated with HBsAg seropositivity.Multivariate analysis was used to determine independent predictors of HBsAg seropositivity.RESULTS:A total of 2150 randomly selected adults,20 years and over,out of the 4753 adult participants of NNHeS were tested for HBsAg.The HBsAg seroprevalence was 16.7%(95%CI:14.3%-19.1%),which corresponded to an estimated 7278968 persons infected with hepatitis B.There was no significant difference between males and females(17.5% vs 16.0%;P = 0.555).This corresponded to an estimated 3721775 men and 3557193 women infected with hepatitis B.The HBsAg seroprevalence peaked at age 20-39 years old,with declining prevalence in the older age groups.The only independent predictor of HBsAg seropositivity was the annual income,with persons in the highest income quartile being less likely to be HBsAg positive(age-adjusted OR = 0.51;95%CI:0.30-0.86)compared to subjects in the lowest income quartile.Sex,marital status,educational attainment,and employment status were not found to be independent predictors of HBsAg seropositivity.CONCLUSION:The high HBsAg seroprevalence among adults in the Philippines classifies the country as hyperendemic for HBV infection and appears unchanged over the last few decades. | Stephen N Wong Janus P Ong Madalinee Eternity D Labio Oscar T Cabahug Maria Lourdes O Daez Erlinda V Valdellon Jose D Sollano Jr Marilyn O Arguillas | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，4： | 3 |
| 3 | Cancer Genome Scanning in Plasma: Detection of Tumor-Associated Copy Number Aberrations, Single-Nucleotide Variants, and Tumoral Heterogeneity by Massively Parallel Sequencing显示文摘 | Chan K C Allen Jiang Peiyong Zheng Yama W L Liao Gary J W Sun Hao Wong John Siu Shing Shun N Chan Wing C Chan Stephen L Chan Anthony T C Lai Paul B S Chiu Rossa W K Lo Y M D | 2013 | Clinical Chemistry2013，，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Biomarker-guided sequential targeted therapies to overcome therapy resistance in rapidly evolving highly aggressive mammary tumors显示文摘组合指向的治疗在由堵住治疗癌症是更有效的绕过机制或导致的合成致命性。然而,他们的临床的申请被抵抗和毒性妨碍。遇见这重要挑战,我们用 ErbB2-overexpressing/PTEN-low 开发了并且测试各种各样的指向的治疗的指导 biomarker 的顺序的应用程序的一个新奇概念,高度好攻击的乳癌作为我们的模型。惊人地,从遗传上设计的鼠标与 intratumoral 异质从病人和乳房的肿瘤在两 PTEN-low/trastuzumab-resistant 乳癌支撑了 ErbB2 和下游的小径驱动器 trastuzumab 抵抗的激活。尽管 lapatinib 开始禁止了 trastuzumab 抵抗的鼠标肿瘤,肿瘤由激活表明由量的蛋白质数组出现的网络的 PI3K/mTOR 绕过抑制。有趣地,小径也是的 mTOR 的激活在 neoadjuvant 观察了表明 lapatinib 抵抗的对待 lapatinib 的病人。Trastuzumab + lapatinib 抵抗被一个 PI3K/mTOR 双 kinase 禁止者(BEZ235 ) 的顺序的申请有效地没有重要毒性克服。然而,我们的 p-RTK 数组分析证明 BEZ235 治疗在遗传上设计的老鼠肿瘤导致了增加的 ErbB2 表示和 phosphorylation,导致 BEZ235 抵抗并且在 3-D,然而并非 2-D,文化。机械学地,我们作为 BEZ235 抵抗的新奇机制识别了 ErbB2 蛋白质稳定和激活,它被随后的治疗与 lapatinib + BEZ235 联合颠倒。显著地, biomarker 指导的指向的治疗的这个顺序的应用程序在很快发展加倍的抵抗的肿瘤改变忍受极其好攻击的肿瘤的鼠标的寿命。使用的这条根本上新奇的途径有效地在一个顺序的顺序罐头指向了治疗目标和改编在在治疗期间发展抵抗的癌症的发信号的网络。 | Ozgur Sahin Qingfei Wang Samuel W Brady Kenneth Ellis Hai Wang Chia-Chi Chang Qingling Zhang Preety Priya Rui Zhu Stephen T Wong Melissa D Landis William J Muller Francisco J Esteva Jenny Chang Dihua Yu | 2014 | Cell Research2014，24，5： | 2 |
| 5 | Sequence Logos: A New Way to Display Consensus Sequences 显示文摘 | SCHNEIDER T D STEPHENS R M | 1990 | Nuclcic Acids Res1990，18，20： | 1 |
| 6 | Mossbauer and NMR characterization of tin octoate: Neat and residues in RTV foams 显示文摘 | LABOURIAU A TAYLOR D STEPHENS T S | 2006 | Polym Degrad Stab2006，91，： | 1 |
| 7 | Gradient projection for sparse reconstruction: application to compressed sensing and other inverse problems 显示文摘 | Figueiredo M T Nowak R D Stephen J W | 2007 | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing2007，1，4： | 1 |
| 8 | DAVID gene ID conversion tool 显示文摘 | Huang D W Sherman B T Stephens R | 2008 | Bioinformation2008，2，10： | 1 |
| 9 | Numerical simulation of widening and bed deformation of straight sand-bed rivers Ⅰ:Model development显示文摘 | Stephen E D Colinrt R T | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 10 | Host-microbe interactions:shaping the evolution of the plant immune response显示文摘 | Stephen T C Gitta C Brad D Brian J S | 2006 | Cell2006，124，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Specific genomic fingerprints of phytopathogenic Xanttzomonas and Pseudomonas pathovars and strains generated with repeti tive sequences and PCR显示文摘 | Louws F J Fulbright D W Stephens C T | 1994 | Applied and Environmental Microbiology1994，60，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Beneficial effect of oral sildenafil therapy on childhood pulmonary arterial hypertension: twelve-month clinical trial of a single-drug, open-label, pilot study显示文摘 | Humpl T Reyes JT Holtby H Stephens D Adatia I | 2005 | Circulation2005，111，24： | 1 |
| 13 | Increased incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma and detection of subclinical disease显示文摘 | WILLIAM D T STEPHEN F PHILIP A | 2007 | Candian Medical Association Journal2007，177，11： | 1 |
| 14 | Investigation into the mechanisms of flame retardation on wool显示文摘 | GORDON P G MCMAHON D T W STEPHENS L J | 1977 | Text Res J1977，47，11： | 1 |
| 15 | Use of the Delphi method I resolring complex water resources issues显示文摘 | Jonathan G T Stephen D R | 2003 | Journal of the American Water Resources Association2003，39，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Optical fiber long-period gratings with Langmuir-Blodgett thin-film overlays显示文摘 | Nicholas D R Stephen W J Ralph P T | 2002 | Optics Letters2002，27，9： | 1 |
| 17 | The effect of pipeline location onacoustic measurement of gas-solid pipeline flow 显示文摘 | Stephen J T Clive E D | 2000 | FlowMeasurement and Instrumentation2000，31，11： | 1 |
| 18 | Phase transformation of biphasic Cu2S-CulnS2 to monophasic CuInS2 nanorods 显示文摘 | Stephen T Connor Ching-Mei Hsu Benjamin D Weil | 2009 | J Am Chem Soe2009，131，： | 1 |
| 19 | Promising preclinical activity of 2-methoxyestradiol in multiple myeloma显示文摘 | DAVID D MICHAEL T STEPHEN J | 2002 | Clin Cancer Res2002，8，： | 1 |
| 20 | Inhibition of water channels by Hgcl2 in intact wheat root cells显示文摘 | ZHANG W H STEPHEN D T | 1999 | Plan physiol1999，120，： | 1 |
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