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| 1 | 美国与知情同意有关的一些问题显示文摘知情同意是医疗保健和医学研究的一个基本的伦理学要求。这两种情况中 ,当医学研究的知情同意标准比医疗保健要求更加严格时 ,知情同意包含了 3种要素 :(1)告知病人或受试者该研究的性质 ,包括益处、危险和其他有关内容 ;(2 )确保病人受试者理解所提供的信息 ;(3)得到病人或受试者自愿的同意。没有能力参与知情同意的病人包括患痴呆和危重病等无决断能力的病人 ,这些病人属弱势病人 ,如要获许对他们的疾病进行研究 ,我们必须制定保护弱势受试者有效的伦理政策。提出了关于对痴呆病人、危重病人、脑死亡病人研究的伦理学政策。 | Mark Siegler 郭莉萍 | 2001 | 医学与哲学2001，22，12： | 15 |
| 2 | Are there new approaches for diagnosis, therapy guidance and outcome prediction of sepsis?显示文摘Beside many efforts to improve outcome, sepsis is still one of the most frequent causes of death in critically ill patients. It is the most common condition with high mortality in intensive care units. The complexity of the septic syndrome comprises immunological aspects- i.e.,sepsis induced immunosuppression- but is not restricted to this fact in modern concepts. So far, exact mechanisms and variables determining outcome and mortality stay unclear. Since there is no typical risk profile, early diagnosis and risk stratification remain difficult, which hinders rapid and effective treatment initiation. Due to the heterogeneous nature of sepsis, potential therapy options should be adapted to the individual. Biomarkers like C-reactive protein and procalcitonin are routinely used as complementary tools in clinical decision-making. Beyond the acute phase proteins, a wide bunch of promising substances and non-laboratory tools with potential diagnostic and prognostic value is under intensive investigation. So far, clinical decision just based on biomarker assessment is not yet feasible. However, biomarkers should be considered as a complementary approach. | Dubravka Kojic Benedikt H Siegler Florian Uhle Christoph Lichtenstern Peter P Nawroth Markus A Weigand Stefan Hofer Thorsten Brenner | 2015 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2015，5，2： | 14 |
| 3 | 美国社会如何应对医生与护士的工作场所暴力显示文摘调查显示,各国都曾发生过针对医务人员的暴力事件,这表明医疗场所暴力事件是国际现象。通过回顾美国社会工作场所中的暴力事件,发现针对健康服务从业人员的事件占有较大比例。提出预防和解决暴力的方案:学会识别暴力将近的信号;为培训及教育项目、危机管理和监督方案提供充足的资源;进行工作场所分析;增加医疗保健系统的可及性和可负担性,使医疗保健系统'以患者为中心'和'对患者友好';培养医疗服务提供者的风险意识。 | Mark Siegler | 2014 | 中国医学伦理学2014，27，1： | 10 |
| 4 | Representations of and translation between common fractions and decimal fractions显示文摘Recent years have seen a boom in research on the magnitude representations of common fractions and decimal fractions.However,previous studies generally only explored the magnitude representations of these two types of fractions in isolation.The present study,using a pretest-training-posttest design,examined and compared the magnitude representations of both types of fractions,and more importantly examined their relations to fraction translation and overall mathematical competence.The results showed that(1)accurate magnitude representations developed more often for decimal fractions than for common fractions;(2)individual differences in fraction magnitude representations predicted individual differences in fraction translation performance above and beyond initial knowledge of fraction translation;(3)mere exposure to visual representations of fractions on number lines improved children’s mental representations of fraction magnitudes more than exposure to visual representations of fractions on circles or reading a textbook section on fractions.The present findings suggest that,like whole numbers,both types of fractions are organized on a mental number line,which appears to provide a central conceptual structure for organizing a wide range of numerical knowledge.Educational implications of the findings are discussed. | WANG YunQi SIEGLER Robert S | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，36： | 2 |
| 5 | Effect of smoking and sedentary behavior on the association between depressive syruptoms and raortality from coronary heart disease显示文摘 | Brummentt BH Babyak MA Siegler IC | 2003 | Am J Cardiol2003，92，： | 1 |
| 6 | Hospital-acquired infection underlies poor functional outcome in patients with prolonged length of stay 显示文摘 | George AJ Boehme AK Siegler JE | 2013 | ISRN Stroke2013，，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Cryptogenic Stroke : Clinical Consideration of a Heterogeneous Isehemic Subtype 显示文摘 | Scullen TA Monlezun DJ Siegler JE etal | 2015 | Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovaseular Disea- ses2015，24，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Early Neurological Deterioration (END) after stroke: the END depends on the definition显示文摘 | Siegler JE Martin-Schild S | 2011 | Int J Stroke2011，6，： | 1 |
| 9 | Development of Numerical Estimation in Young Children 显示文摘 | Siegler R S Booth J L | 2004 | Child Development2004，，75： | 1 |
| 10 | The novel role of the mu opioid receptor in lung cancer progression: a laboratory investigation 显示文摘 | MATHEW B LENNON FE SIEGLER J | 2011 | Anesth Analg2011，112，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Identification of Modifiable and Nonmodifiable Risk Factors for Neurologic Deterioration after Acute Ischemic Stroke显示文摘 | James E. Siegler Amelia K. Boehme Andre D. Kumar Michael A. Gillette Karen C. Albright T. Mark Beasley Sheryl Martin-Schild | 2013 | Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases2013，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Development of numerical estimation in young children 显示文摘 | Siegler R S & Booth J L | 2004 | Child Development2004，75，： | 1 |
| 13 | Early Predictors of High School Mathematics Achievement 显示文摘 | Siegler R S Duncan G J Davis-Kean P E | 2012 | Psychological Science2012，，23： | 1 |
| 14 | LIN28 expressionin malignant germ cell tumors downregulates let-7 and increa-ses oncogene levels显示文摘 | Murray MJ Saini HK Siegler CA | 2013 | Cancer Res2013，73，15： | 1 |
| 15 | The mechanical characteristics of the collateral Iigaments of the human ankle joint显示文摘 | Siegler S Block J Schneck CD | 1988 | Foot Ankle1988，8，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Chinese Children Excel on Novel Mathematics Problems Even before Elementary School 显示文摘 | Siegler R S Mu Y | 2008 | Psychological Science2008，，19： | 1 |
| 17 | Numerical magnitude representations influence arithmetic learning显示文摘 | Booth J.L Siegler R.S | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Hamstring fatigue and muscle ac- tivation changes during six sets of Nordic hamstring exercise in ama- teur soccer players 显示文摘 | Marshall PW Lovell R Siegler JC | 2015 | J Strength Cond Res2015，15，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Conflicts over control and use of medical records at the New York hospital before the standardization movement显示文摘 | Siegler E L Cohen A B | 2011 | J Law Med Ethics2011，39，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Differentiation- promoting drugs up-regulate NKG2D ligand expression and enhance the susceptibility of acute myeloid leukemia cells to natural killer cell-mediated lysis 显示文摘 | Rohner A Langenkamp U Siegler U | 2007 | Leuk Res2007，31，10： | 1 |
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