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| 1 | Climate as the dominant control on C_3 and C_4 plant abundance in the Loess Plateau: Organic carbon isotope evidence from the last glacial-interglacial loess-soil sequences显示文摘Abundance of C3 and C4 photosynthesis plants can be inferred relatively from stable carbon isotopic composi-tion of organic matter in soils. The samples from five sequences of the last glacial-interglacial loess-soil in the Chinese Loess Plateau have been measured for organic carbon isotopic ratios (d 13Corg). The organic carbon isotope data show that relative abundance (or biomass) of C4 plants was increased ca. 40% for each sampling site from the last glacial maximum (LGM) to Holocene optimum, and increased southeastward on the Loess Plateau during both periods of LGM and Holocene. Statistic analyses on the steady maximum d 13Corg values of Holocene soils and modern climatic data from the Loess Plateau and Inner Mongolia indicate that the C4 plant abundance increases with increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation. The C4 plant abundance is related much closer with mean April tem-perature and precipitation than annual. These results lead us to deduce following conclusions. First, temperature is the major factor for control on variations in C4 plant abundance in the Loess Plateau from the last glacial to interglacial. In the absence of favorable temperature condition, both of low moisture and low atmospheric CO2 concentration are insufficient to drive an expansion of the C4 plants in the plateau. Second, d 13Corg in the loess-paleosol sequences, as a proxy of the relative abundance of C4 plants in the Loess Plateau, could not be used as an indicator of changes in the summer monsoon intensity unless the tem-perature had changed without great amplitude. Since all C4 plants are grasses, finally, the increase of the C4 plants supports that forest has not been dominant in the ecosystem on the Loess Plateau during Holocene although precipitation and atmospheric CO2 were largely increased relative to those during LGM. | GU Zhaoyan, LIU Qiang, XU Bing, HAN Jiamao, YANG Shiling, DING Zhongli & LIU Tungsheng Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Correspondence should be addressed to Gu Zhaoyan (e-mail: zgu@ 95777.com) | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，12： | 14 |
| 2 | Methods and application of using detrital zircons to trace the provenance of loess显示文摘The composition of single-grain detrital zircons is an effective provenance indicator of loess,and sheds new light on dust formation and transportation.Here we review the features of detrital zircons and their use as a provenance indicator,including internal structure,trace element,U-Pb age spectrum and Hf isotopic compositions,and present a case study from the Horqin sandy land and its surrounding loess.The loess samples have detrital zircon age peaks in range of 2600-2300,2100-1600,and 600-100 Ma,of which the 2600-2300 Ma zircon grains mainly have positive Hf(t) values(3.4-8.7),the 2100-1600 Ma zircon grains mainly have negative Hf(t) values(10.1-6.8),and the 600-100 Ma zircon grains have a variable Hf(t) values ranging from 21 to 15.9.The detrital zircon signatures of the loess are similar to the Horqin sandy land,but clearly different from the Chinese Loess Plateau and central-western deserts,implying that the loess is transported mainly from the Horqin sandy land in the Last Glacial period.Comparing these with neighboring tectonic units,we found that zircon populations at 2600-2300,2100-1600,and 600-100 Ma with negative Hf(t) values may come from the northeast North China Craton(NCC),and those at 600-100 Ma with positive Hf(t) values may come from the east Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB).It is estimated that the two sources contribute equally to the Horqin sandy land and the surrounding loess. | XIE Jing YANG ShiLing DING ZhongLi | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，11： | 10 |
| 3 | Seven million-year iron geochemistry record from a thick eolian red clay-loess sequence in Chinese Loess Plateau and the implications for paleomonsoon evolution显示文摘Recently, the Tertiary red clay sequence underlying Pleistocene loess has attracted much attention. The remarkable progress is the recognition that the Tertiary red clay sequence is also wind-blown in origin, thus providing a good opportunity to reconstruct long-term monsoon changes. In contrast to the loess deposits, the magnetic susceptibility and the pedogenic characteristics are almost independent of each other in the red clay, thus challenging the validity of the readily measurable magnetic susceptibility in describing the monsoon history recorded by the red clay. With the objective to address the long-term East Asia summer monsoon evolution, the free to total Fe2O3 ratios were calculated in a continuous eolian red clay-loess sequence at Lingtai, the Chinese Loess Plateau, which has a thickness of 305 m and a basal age of 7.0 Ma. The seven million-year Fe2O3 ratio record from the red clay-loess sequence indicates that (i) variations of the free to total Fe2O3 ratios of the loess can correlate | Shiling Yang Zhongli Ding | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，4： | 9 |
| 4 | Nia1 and Nia2 are Involved in Exogenous Salicylic Acid-induced Nitric Oxide Generation and Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis显示文摘Phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) plays important roles in plant responses to environmental stress. However, knowledge about the molecular mechanisms for SA affecting the stomatal movements is limited. In this paper, we demonstrated that exogenous SA significantly induced stomatal closure and nitric oxide (NO) generation in Arabidopsis guard cells based on genetic and physiological data. These effects were significantly inhibited by the NO scavenger c-PTIO, NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NAME or nitrate reductase suppressor tungstate respectively, implying that NOS and nitrate reductase (NR) participate in SA-evoked stomatal closing. Furthermore, the effects of SA promotion of stomatal closure and NO synthesis are significantly suppressed in NR single mutants of nia1, nia2 or double mutant nia1/nia2, compared with the wild type plants. This suggests that both Nia1 and Nia2 are involved in SA-stimulated stomatal closure. In addition, pharmacological experiments showed that protein kinases, cGMP and cADPR are involved in SA-mediated NO accumulation and stomatal closure induced by SA in Arabidopsis. | Fushun Hao Shiling Zhao Huan Dong Huan Zhang Lirong Sun Chen Miao | 2010 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2010，52，3： | 8 |
| 5 | Pedogenic carbonate isotope record of vegetational evolution since late Miocene in Loess Plateau显示文摘lsotopic analyses for paleovegetational evolution have been carried out on samples of the pedogenic carbonate nodules in the Red Clay-Loess sequence at Lingtai (35°N), the Loess Plateau. Stable carbon isotopic composition indicates that ( ⅰ ) C4 plants might be present at least by7.0 Ma; ( ⅱ ) C4 plants expanded gradually between ~4.0 and ~3.2 Ma, and their biomass fraction was up to 50%; and ( ⅲ ) the biomass of C4 vegetation since ~2.0 Ma seems to have been decreased to the level (about 20%) before 4.0 Ma. C4 plant expansion at Lingtai cannot be fully understood with the 'global C4 expansion' model because it occurred much later up to 3.0 Ma than in Pakistan, which indicates that some changes in the regional climatic system may also contribute to C3/C4 shift except changes in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and temperature. The latitudinal zone for C3/C4 transition seems to move southwards slightly in East Asia, compared with the case in North America where 37°N is the ideal | Shiling Yang Zhongli Ding Zhaoyan Gu Jimin Sun Shangfa Xiong | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，11： | 6 |
| 6 | Pitavastatin attenuates AGEs-induced mitophagy via inhibition of ROS generation in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes显示文摘This study aimed to investigate whether pitavastatin protected against injury induced by advanced glycation end products products(AGEs) in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes,and to examine the underlying mechanisms.Cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats were incubated for 48 hours with AGEs(100 μg/mL),receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE),antibody(1 μg/mL) and pitavastatin(600 ng/mL).The levels of p62 and beclinl were determined by Western blotting.Mitochondrial membrane potential(△Ψm) and the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) were measured through the JC-1 and DCFH-DA.In the AGEs group,the expression of beclinl was remarkably increased compared to the control group,while the expression of p62 was significantly decreased.AGEs also markedly decreased △Ψm and significantly increased ROS compared with the control group.After treatment with RAGE antibody or pitavastatin,the level of beclinl was markedly decreased compared with the AGEs group,but the level of p62 was remarkably increased.In the AGEs + RAGE antibody group and AGEs+ pitavastatin group,△Ψm was significantly increased and ROS was remarkably decreased compared with the AGEs group.In conclusion,AGEs-RAGE may induce autophagy of cardiomyocytes by generation of ROS and pitavastatin could protect against AGEs-induced injury against cardiomyocytes. | Zhimin Zha Junhong Wang Shiling Li Yan Guo | 2018 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2018，32，4： | 6 |
| 7 | Counterintuitive Ballistic and Directional Liquid Transport on a Flexible Droplet Rectifier显示文摘Achieving the directional and long-range droplet transport on solid surfaces is widely preferred for many practical applications but has proven to be challenging.Particularly,directionality and transport distance of droplets on hydrophobic surfaces are mutually exclusive.Here,we report that drain fly,a ubiquitous insect maintaining nonwetting property even in very high humidity,develops a unique ballistic droplet transport mechanism to meet these demanding challenges.The drain fly serves as a flexible rectifier to allow for a directional and long-range propagation as well as self-removal of a droplet,thus suppressing unwanted liquid flooding.Further investigation reveals that this phenomenon is owing to the synergistic conjunction of multiscale roughness,structural periodicity,and flexibility,which rectifies the random and localized droplet nucleation(nanoscale and microscale)into a directed and global migration(millimeter-scale).The mechanism we have identified opens up a new approach toward the design of artificial rectifiers for broad applications. | Lei Wang Jing Li Bo Zhang Shile Feng Mei Zhang Dong Wu Yang Lu Ji Jung Kai Jing Liu Zuankai Wang Lei Jiang | 2020 | Research2020，，1： | 6 |
| 8 | Four Methods to Estimate Minimum Miscibility Pressure of CO2-Oil Based on Machine Learning显示文摘Summary of main observation and conclusion CO2 flooding accounts for a considerable proportion in gas flooding.Using CO2 as a gas displacement agent is benefit for enhanced oil recovery(EOR),and the alleviation of the greenhouse effect by the permanent storage of CO2 in the crust.Minimum miscibility pressure(MMP)of CO2-oil is a key factor affecting EOR,which determines the yield and economic benefit of crude oil recovery.Therefore,it is of great importance to use fast,accurate and cheap prediction methods for MMP estimation.In the present study,to evaluate the reliability of four recently developed prediction models based on machine learning(i.e.,neural network analysis(NNA),genetic function approximation(GFA),multiple linear regression(MLR),partial least squares(PLS)),136 sets of data are selected for calculation via outlier analysis from 147 sets of data.Afterwards,we compared the four models with existing prediction models from the literature.The analysis of correlation coefficients and multiple error functions shows that the four models can solve the MMP prediction problem well,and the model using intelligent algorithm has a higher prediction accuracy than the simple linear model.Besides,intelligent methods based on similarity algorithm have little difference from each other.Finally,a sensitivity analysis was conducted. | Ding Li Xiangliang Li Yinghua Zhang Lixin Sun Shiling Yuan | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2019，37，12： | 4 |
| 9 | Kinetic Model of Fixed Bed Reactor with Immobilized Microorganisms for Removing Low-Concentration SO_2显示文摘根据对待二氧化硫( SO2 )的低集中的过程的分析在一个固定床反应堆的气体,一个运动模型在考虑内部散开的效果以后为这个过程被建议,房间集中,并且微生物的生产产量但是忽略外部散开的效果。从模型模拟获得的结果证明这个模型能显示过程因素的影响, Cin ,|?,| ìm 斧子, Cx , A , h , Km ,和 Q ,在 SO2 的移动上并且由这个模型的结果的预言也是令人满意的。这个运动模型能也关于生物反应器的微生物,以及设计的合适的种类的使不能调动的微生物,选择和驯服的准备提供一些很重要的指示。给词调音:固定床反应堆;运动模型;使不能调动的微生物;移动; | Bing Huang YanyanWang Shiling Zhang Yong Ao | 2007 | Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry2007，16，1： | 3 |
| 10 | Whole-rock Ar-Ar dating for low-grade metavolcanics within the Dabie orogen and its geological significance显示文摘The genetic relationship between low- grade and ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic units in the interior of the Dabie orogen has been controversial with respect to preservation of volcanic texture during continental subduction to mantle depths. In order to resolve this issue, whole-rock Ar-Ar dating was carried out for greenschist-facies metatuff that is in contact with UHP eclogite in Yuexi County, Anhui Province. One sample gave a plateau age of 784.4±2.0 Ma and an isochron age of 785.0± 4.7 Ma, and the other sample a plateau age of 770.9± 2.0 Ma and an isochron age of 769.5±3.1 Ma. It ap- pears that the Ar isotopic system was not disturbed since the volcanic eruption at the middle Neopro- terozoic. Because of the low closure temperature of Ar diffusion in volcanic rocks, retention of the Neo- proterozoic ages indicates that the low-grade metavolcanics did not experience high-grade meta- morphism up to eclogite-facies conditions during the Triassic subduction of continental crust. Furthermore, the Neoproterozoic Ar-Ar ages are also in agreement with protolith ages of UHP metaigneous rocks in the Dabie orogen. Therefore, the metatuff is interpreted as a tectonic relict that was scraped off during the Triassic subduction and thus was not subducted to mantle depths like the adjacent eclogite. This lends support to the model for crustal detachment between cover and basement during continental collision. A tectonic mélange model is proposed to explain theoccurrence of contrasting grades of metamorphic rock within the UHP metamorphic zone. | GAO Tianshan TANG Jiafu SANG Haiqing HU Shiling QIAN Cunchao | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，12： | 3 |
| 11 | Synchronous drying and cooling in central Asia duringlate Oligocene显示文摘Aridification of central Asia during late Oligocene and Early Miocene has been documented by numerous eolian records from the North Pacific and central Asia. However, direct evidence of aridity from the interior of the arid zone is still rather scarce. To better reconstruct the climate history in central Asia during the late Oligocene, we have analyzed ostracod assemblages and gypsum content in the sediments from the lacustrine Jingou River section in the northern Tianshan Mountains. Our results show that the cold water species Candona cf. Neglecta and Pseudocandona albicans replaced the warm water species Ilyocypris bradyi and Ilyocypris sp. to become the dominant species at 23.8 Ma, indicating significant cooling in central Asia at that time. At the same time, a substantial increase in gypsum content indicates the intensification of central Asian drying. The synchronous cooling and drying approximately coincided with the Oi2b.1 and/or Mi1 events, implying a causal linkage between late Oligocene global cooling and central Asian aridity. | DONG XinXin DING ZhongLi YANG ShiLing LUO Pan WANG Xu JI JunLiang | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，25： | 3 |
| 12 | Influence of Ganoderma lucidum spores on the levels of neuropeptide Y and somatostatin in brains of seizure rats显示文摘BACKGROUND: Previous research has revealed that somatostatin can induce epilepsy, and that the levels of neuropeptide Y may increase and become more active in brain areas with epileptic seizures. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder on the neuropeptide Y and somatostatin content in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal regions of seizure rats induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Furthermore, to verify any effect of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder on inhibition of epileptic seizures. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized group animal study was performed in August 2007 in the School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University (Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China). MATERIALS: Thirty healthy, male, Wistar rats, aged 12 weeks and weighing 180–220 g, were taken as the experimental animals. PTZ (Sigma Company, United States) was used to induce epilepsy. Ganoderma lucidum spores (Leyss, ex Fr variety) were purchased from Jiamusi City Wild Growing Case of the Ganoderma Lucidum (China). Rabbit anti-somatostatin antibodies and secondary antibodies were purchased from Wuhan Boster Company (China). Neuropeptide Y radioimmunoassay kit was purchased from Beijing Furui Biotechnology Company (China). METHODS: Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group, an epilepsy model group and a Ganoderma lucidum spore-treated group. Each group contained 10 animals. Rats in the epilepsy model group were treated with intraperitoneal injections of PTZ and gastric perfusion of physiologic saline. In the Ganoderma lucidum spore-treated group, intraperitoneal injection of PTZ and gastric perfusion of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder were administered. The blank control group was only administered with the physiological saline by intraperitoneal injection and gastric perfusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Immunohistochemical staining and radioimmunoassay methods were used to observe the changes of somatostatin and neuropeptide Y content in brain tissue of epileptic rats, as well as the morphology of neurons. RESULTS: All 30 rats were involved in the result analysis, without any loss. The number of somatostatin immunoreacted positive cells in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus was significantly increased in the epilepsy model group compared to the blank control group (P < 0.01). The number of somatostatin immunoreacted positive cells in cerebral cortex and hippocampus was significantly decreased in the Ganoderma lucidum spore-treated group compared to the epilepsy model group (P < 0.01). The contents of neuropeptide Y in cerebral cortex and hippocampus were significantly increased in the epilepsy model group compared to the blank control group (P < 0.01). The contents of neuropeptide Y in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were significantly decreased in the Ganoderma lucidum spore-treated group compared to the epilepsy model group (P < 0.05). The epilepsy seizures in the Ganoderma lucidum spore-treated group were obviously reduced compared to the epilepsy model group. CONCLUSION: Ganoderma lucidum spore powder was able to reduce the somatostatin and neuropeptide Y content in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus effectively, so as to achieve an anti-epileptic function and protect neurons from being damaged. | Kongli Zhu Ming Lu Shuqiu Wang Shiling Zhang Dixiang Sun | 2008 | Neural Regeneration Research2008，3，5： | 3 |
| 13 | Reflections on Architectural Heritage Conservation in Shanghai显示文摘Research on the last 30 years of architectural heritage conservation in Shanghai would highlight the establishment of both a preliminary system for heritage classification and gradation,as well as an authorised heritage institution framework.During the course of this process,different conservation methodologies and models(restorations,additions,relocations,extensions and reconstructions)have been put into practice according to the actual situation of the historic architecture of Shanghai.An overall view shows how architectural heritage conservation in Shanghai has undergone three different phases-initial;experimental;and the deepening conservation phase,on which a fundamental step was given in 2002,when the Shanghai Municipal Government issued the‘Legislation for the Conservation of Historical Areas and Heritage Architecture in Shanghai’,creating a conservation system that is participated by the authorities,academic institutions,design institutions and construction companies.The article also stresses the need to provide for a special system of architectural heritage conservation in Shanghai,acknowledging the specificity of its cultural heritage,administrative system,legislation,codes,building technologies and materials;as well as its particular historical situation. | Shiling Zheng | 2017 | Built Heritage2017，1，1： | 3 |
| 14 | Theoretical investigation on structures,electronic spectra and nonlinear optical properties of gold compounds [X-{Au(PMe_3)}_2]显示文摘The structures,electronic spectra,polarizability and third-order nonlinear optical properties of six gold compounds [X-{Au(PMe3)}2]were investigated by density functional theory(DFT)B3LYP and BhandHLYP methods.It was found that the calculation methods and basis set are rational for the object of study,and molecular structures change slightly when PPh3 is replaced by PMe3.The spatial effects of the bridging section have a significant influence on the polarizability,but indistinctive to the third-order nonlinear optical(NLO)coefficient.As a result of the conjugated effect in different compounds,the third-order polarizability of molecule 1a is the smallest,while that of molecule 2a is the largest.Au has donor ability in molecule 1a but acceptor ability in molecules 2a-6a by analyzing the electronic spectra and frontier molecular orbitals constitute maximal absorption,which indicates the contribution of Au to NLO properties in the six molecules is different. | MA NaNa,QIU YongQing,SUN ShiLing,LIU ChunGuang,FAN Min & SU ZhongMin Institute of Functional Material Chemistry,Faculty of Chemistry,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China | 2010 | Science China Chemistry2010，53，5： | 3 |
| 15 | An Improved Polar Codes-Based Key Reconciliation for Practical Quantum Key Distribution显示文摘Key reconciliation is important for practical Quantum key distribution(QKD) systems since it corrects the error bits in a key string by sacrificing some key bits. Therefore, its performance directly affects the secret key rate of a practical QKD system. Although key reconciliation scheme based on polar codes can achieve a high coding efficiency, the high frame error rate causes discarding key strings and decreases the secret key rate. In this paper, we fist analyze the limitation of successive cancellation decoding of polar codes, and then we propose an improved key reconciliation scheme using polar codes with successive cancellation list decoding and optimized coding structures, which can decrease the frame error probability, resulting in a higher secret key rate. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme can achieve a 12.8% higher secret key rate than the previous polar codes-based scheme with a code length of 216 bits and a quantum bit error rate of 2%. Besides, the proposed scheme is robust and it can extract secret key bits even when the quantum bit error rate reaches 10.2% with a code length of 2^(20) bits and a coding efficiency of 90.6%. | YAN Shiling WANG Jindong FANG Junbin JIANG Lin WANG Xuan | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Electronics2018，27，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Ultrasensitive detection of aliphatic nitro-organics based on“turn-on”fluorescent sensor array显示文摘The broad class of explosives includes nitro aromatics as well as challenging aliphatic nitro-organics whose detection is important from counter-terrorism and national security perspectives.Here we report a turn-on fluorescent sensor array based on aggregation-induced emission(AIE)fluorophores as receptors.To achieve a good sensing system with fast response,good sensitivity and low detection limit,three receptors with abundant chemical diversities for target analytes were synthesized.The turn-on response of the individual receptor showed highly variable and cross-reactive analyte-dependent changes in fluorescence.The excellent ability to identify a variety of explosives,especially the challenging aliphatic nitro-organics(2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMNB),1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane(RDX),cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine(HMX)and entaerythritol tetranitrate(PETN)),was demonstrated in qualitative and quantitative analyses with 100%accuracy.The fluorescence signal amplification in the presence of explosives allows for application of these receptors in a sensor microarray suitable for high-throughput screening.These results suggested that the cross-reactive sensor array based on AIE fluorophores could find a wide range of applications for sensing various analytes or complex mixtures. | Chen Wang Heng Zhang Li Tian Wei Zhu Yue Lan Jian Li Hui Wang Guanxin Zhang Deqing Zhang Shiling Yuan Guangtao Li | 2016 | Science China Chemistry2016，59，1： | 2 |
| 17 | Microstructure and properties of porous Si_(3)N_(4)ceramics by gelcasting-self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(SHS)显示文摘Porous silicon nitride ceramics have attracted a considerable attention due to their excellent overall performance,but poor porosity homogeneity and structural shrinkage induced by prolonged high temperature sintering limit its further application.Herein,as a three-in-one solution for the above issues,for the first time we develop a novel approach that integrates the merits of gelcasting-SHS(self-propagating high-temperature synthesis)to prepare porous Si_(3)N_(4)ceramics to simultaneously achieve high porosity,high strength,high toughness,and low thermal conductivity across a wide temperature range.By regulating the solid content,porous Si_(3)N_(4)ceramics with homogeneous pore structure are obtained,where the pore size falls inbetween 1.61 and 4.41 pm,and the elongated grains are interlaced and interlocked to form micron-sized coherent interconnected pores.At the same time,porous Si_(3)N_(4)ceramics with porosity of 67.83%to 78.03%are obtained,where the compressive strength reaches 11.79 to 47.75 MPa and fracture toughness reaches 1.20 to 6.71 MPa-m1/2. | Shile CHEN Liang WANG Gang HE Jiangtao LI Chang-An WANG | 2022 | Journal of Advanced Ceramics2022，11，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Comparative transcriptomic insights into the mechanisms of electron transfer in Geobacter co-cultures with activated carbon and magnetite显示文摘Both activated carbon and magnetite have been reported to promote the syntrophic growth of Geobacter metallireducens and Geobacter sulfurreducens co-cultures, the first model to show direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET); however, differential transcriptomics of the promotion on co-cultures with these two conductive materials are unknown. Here, the comparative transcriptomic analysis of G. metallireducens and G. sulfurreducens co-cultures with granular activated carbon (GAC) and magnetite was reported. More than 2.6-fold reduced transcript abundances were determined for the uptake hydrogenase genes of G. sulfurreducens as well as other hydrogenases in those co-cultures to which conductive materials had been added. This is consistent with electron transfer in G. metallireducens-G. sulfurreducens co-cultures as evinced by direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET). Transcript abundance for the structural component of electrically conductive pili (e-pili), PilA, was 2.2-fold higher in G. metallireducens, and, in contrast, was 14.9-fold lower in G. sulfurreducens in co-cultures with GAC than in Geobacters co-cultures without GAC. However, it was 9.3-fold higher in G. sulfurreducens in co-cultures with magnetite than in Geobacters co-cultures. Mutation results showed that GAC can be substituted for the e-pili of both strains but magnetite can only compensate for that of G. sulfurreducens, indicating that the e-pili is a more important electron acceptor for the electron donor strain of G. metallireducens than for G. sulfurreducens. Transcript abundance for G. metallireducens c-type cytochrome gene GMET_RS14535, a homologue to c-type cytochrome gene omcE of G. sulfurreducens was 9.8-fold lower in co-cultures with GAC addition, while that for OmcS of G. sulfurreducens was 25.1-fold higher in co-cultures with magnetite, than in that without magnetite. Gene deletion studies showed that neither GAC nor magnetite can completely substitute the cytochrome (OmcE homologous) of G. metallireducens but compensate for the cytochrome (OmcS) of G. sulfurreducens. Moreover, some genes associated with central metabolism were up-regulated in the presence of both GAC and magnetite; however, tricarboxylic acid cycle gene transcripts in G. sulfurreducens were not highly-expressed in each of these amended co-cultures, suggesting that there was considerable redundancy in the pathways utilised by G. sulfurreducens for electron transfer to reduce fumarate with the amendment of GAC or magnetite. These results support the DIET model of G. metallireducens and G. sulfurreducens and suggest that e-pili and cytochromes of the electron donor strain are more important than that of the electron acceptor strain, indicating that comparative transcriptomics may be a promising route by which to reveal different responses of electron donor and acceptor during DIET in co-cultures. | Shiling Zheng Fanghua Liu Meng Li Leilei Xiao Oumei Wang | 2018 | Science China(Life Sciences)2018，61，7： | 2 |
| 19 | Artesunate and Dihydroartemisinin Inhibit Rabies Virus Replication显示文摘Rabies is caused by infection of rabies virus(RABV)and remains a serious threat to the global public health.Except for the requirement for cold chain and high cost of human rabies immune globulin,no small molecule drugs are currently available for clinical treatment of rabies.So,it is of great importance to identify novel compounds that can effectively inhibit RABV infection.Artesunate(ART)and dihydroartemisinin(DHA),two derivatives of artemisinin,are widely used for treatment of malaria in adults and children,showing high safety.In this study,we found that both ART and DHA were able to inhibit RABV replication in host cells at a low concentration(0.1μmol/L).The antiviral effects of ART and DHA were independent of viral strains and cell lines.Pre-treatment with ART or DHA for 2 h in vitro did not affect the viral replication in host cells,implying that ART and DHA neither reduced the viability of RABV directly nor inhibited the binding and entrance of the virus to host cells.Further studies revealed that ART and DHA inhibited RABV genomic RNA synthesis and viral gene transcription.Treatment with ART or DHA(5 mg/kg)by intramuscular injection improved,to some extent,the survival rate of RABV-challenged mice.Combination treatment with derivatives of artemisinin and mannitol significantly improved the survival rate of RABV-challenged mice.The results suggest that ART and DHA have a great potential to be explored as new anti-rabies agents for treatment of rabies. | Jun Luo Yue Zhang Yang Wang Qing Liu Jiesen Li Hongling He Yongwen Luo Shile Huang Xiaofeng Guo | 2021 | Virologica Sinica2021，36，4： | 2 |
| 20 | Properties of a water layer on hydrophilic and hydrophobic self-assembled monolayer surfaces: A molecular dynamics study显示文摘The microscopic behaviors of a water layer on different hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces of well ordered self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The SAMs consist of 18-carbon alkyl chains bound to a silicon(111) substrate, and the characteristic of its surface is tuned from hydrophobic to hydrophilic by using different terminal functional groups ( CH 3 , COOH). In the simulation, the properties of water membranes adjacent to the surfaces of SAMs were reported by comparing pure water in mobility, structure, and orientational ordering of water molecules. The results suggest that the mobility of water molecules adjacent to hydrophilic surface becomes weaker and the molecules have a better ordering. The distribution of hydrogen bonds indicates that the number of water-water hydrogen bonds per water molecule tends to be lower. However, the mobility of water molecules and distribution of hydrogen bonds of a water membrane in hydropho- bic system are nearly the same as those in pure water system. In addition, hydrogen bonds are mainly formed between the hydroxyl of the COOH group and water molecules in a hydrophilic system, which is helpful in understanding the structure of interfacial water. | LI EnZe DU ZhiPing YUAN ShiLing | 2013 | Science China Chemistry2013，56，6： | 2 |
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