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| 1 | Phytoestrogens and prevention of breast cancer: The contentious debate显示文摘Phytoestrogens have multiple actions within target cells, including the epigenome, which could be beneficial to the development and progression of breast cancer. In this brief review the action of phytoestrogens on oestrogen receptors, cell signalling pathways, regulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis, steroid synthesis and epigenetic events in relation to breast cancer are discussed. Phytoestrogens can bind weakly to oestrogen receptors(ERs) and some have a preferential affinity for ERβ which can inhibit the transcriptional growthpromoting activity of ERα. However only saturating doses of phytoestrogens, stimulating both ERα and β, exert growth inhibitory effects. Such effects on growth may be through phytoestrogens inhibiting cell signalling pathways. Phytoestrogens have also been shown to inhibit cyclin D1 expression but increase the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors(p21 and p27) and the tumour suppressor gene p53. Again these effects are only observed at high(> 10) μmol/L doses of phytoestrogens. Finally the effects of phytoestrogens on breast cancer may be mediated by their ability toinhibit local oestrogen synthesis and induce epigenetic changes. There are, though, difficulties in reconciling epidemiological and experimental data due to the fact experimental doses, both in vivo and in vitro, far exceed the circulating concentrations of 'free' unbound phytoestrogens measured in women on a high phytoestrogen diet or those taking phytoestrogen supplements. | Iqra Bilal Avidyuti Chowdhury Juliet Davidson Saffron Whitehead | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，4： | 4 |
| 2 | Can J Microbiol 显示文摘 | Guerin-Laguette A Plassard C Mousain D Effects of experimental conditions on mycorrhizal relationships between Pinus sylvestris and Lactarius deliciosus and unprecedented fruit-body formation of the Saffron milk cap under controlled soilless conditions | 2000 | 46 (9): 790-7992000，46，9： | 1 |
| 3 | Photostim- ulated Luminescence Detection of Irradiated Herbs, Spices, and Seasonings:International Interlaboratory Trial 显示文摘 | David C W Sanderson Lorna A Carmiehael Saffron Fisk | 2003 | Journal of AOAC International2003，86，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Constraints on statistical language learn- ing显示文摘 | SAFFRON J R | 2002 | Journal of memory and language2002，47，： | 1 |
| 5 | Phytoestrogens and breast cancer-promoters or protectors? 显示文摘 | Suillan R Saffron AW | 2006 | Endoer Relat Cancer2006，13，： | 1 |
| 6 | Origins of paraphasias in deep dysphasia:testing the consequences of a decay impairment to an interactive spreading activation model of lexical retrieval显示文摘 | Martin N Dell GS Saffron EM | 1994 | Brain and Language1994，47，： | 1 |
| 7 | Granulosa Cell Production of Anti-Müllerian Hormone Is Increased in Polycystic Ovaries显示文摘 | Laura Pellatt Laurine Hanna Mark Brincat Ray Galea Henrietta Brain Saffron Whitehead Helen Mason | 2007 | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism2007，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Phytoestrogens and breast cancer-promoters or protectors?显示文摘 | Sulllan Rice Saffron A Whitehead | 2006 | Endocr Relat Cancer2006，13，： | 1 |
| 9 | Photostimulated Luminescence Detection of Irradiated Herbs, Spices, and Season- ings:International Interlaboratory Trial显示文摘 | Sanderson D C W Loma A Canniehael Saffron Fisk | 2003 | Journal of AOAC Interna- tional2003，86，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Characterisation of from central Italy (Cascia,Umbria) 显示文摘 | Cossignani L Urbani E Simonetti secondary metabolites in saffron M S ea al | 2014 | Food Chemistry2014，143，： | 1 |
| 11 | apocarotenoid crocetin by a glucosyltransferase isolated from crocus sativus stigmas 显示文摘 | Moraga A R Nohales P Glucosylation of the saffron F F Pe'rez J A | 2004 | Original Article2004，219，： | 1 |
| 12 | apocarotenoid crocetin by a glucosyltransferase isolated from crocus sativus stigmas 显示文摘 | Moraga A R Nohales P Glucosylation of the saffron F F Pe'rez J A | 2004 | Original Article2004，219，： | 1 |
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