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| 1 | Formaldehyde stress显示文摘Formaldehyde,one of the most toxic organic compounds,is produced and processed in human cells.The level of human endogenous formaldehyde is maintained at a low concentration(0.01-0.08 mmol L-1 in blood) under physiological conditions,but the concentration increases during ageing(over 65 years old).Clinical trials have shown that urine formaldehyde concentrations are significantly different between elderly Alzheimer's patients(n=91) and normal elderly volunteers(n=38)(P<0.001).Abnormally high levels of intrinsic formaldehyde lead to dysfunction in cognition such as learning decline and memory loss.Excess extracellular and intracellular formaldehyde could induce metabolic response and abnormal modifications of cellular proteins such as hydroxymethylation and hyperphosphorylation,protein misfolding,nuclear translocation and even cell death.This cellular response called formaldehyde stress is dependent upon the concentration of formaldehyde.Chronic impairments of the brain resulted from formaldehyde stress could be one of the mechanisms involved in the process of senile dementia during ageing. | HE RongQiao1*,LU Jing1,2 & MIAO JunYe1,2 1State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China 2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，12： | 16 |
| 2 | Antioxidant effects of green tea polyphenols显示文摘The unprecedented interest in the antioxidant activity of green tea polyphenols (GTP) is due to the appar-ent health benefits of tea drinking and the experimental re-sults with the polyphenols. The results suggest that the gal-loylated catechins show stronger antioxidant effect than that of nongalloylated catechins and the double bond in C ring also plays an important role in this effect. There are synergic effects between different catechins and the antioxidant effect of (+)-epimers is stronger than that of (-)-epimers. The active site to scavenge free radicals mainly locates in p-hydroxyl of phenol in gallic acid and hydroxyl of phenol in the pyrane also shows activity. The large p bond in chromane and benzene ring of catechin is the structure base for their anti-oxidant effects. The prevent effect of GTP against diseases and their redox regulation in cell signal pathway are very important to be studied in the future. | ZHAO Baolu Laboratory of Visual Information Processing, Research Centers of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，4： | 16 |
| 3 | 媒介转型时期新闻教育再思考显示文摘当今美国报业面临巨大的挑战和变革。正如美国铁路运输的衰败一样,报业面临着与当时铁路业类似的困境和危机。正因为这些变革和挑战才使当今的报业变得更加激动人心。现在的新闻记者工作在不确定的媒介环境下,也使新闻工作变得更富于挑战和充满激情。 | BrainS Brooks【美】 撰周婵(译) | 2006 | 国际新闻界2006，28，12： | 10 |
| 4 | Upregulation of Divalent Metal Transporter 1 (DMT1) Is Involved in Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing and Aβ Generation显示文摘The amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) and its pathogenic byproduct β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) play central roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Reduction in | Wei Zheng , 1, Na Xin , 1, Zhi-Hong Chi , Jie Zhang , Bo-Lu Zhao , Jia-Yi Li , Zhan-You Wang , 2 Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, Laboratory of Cell Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China State Key laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Beijing, PR China Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden | 2009 | 生物物理学报2009，25，S1： | 8 |
| 5 | The cessation and detoxification effect of tea filters on cigarette smoke显示文摘To treat tobacco addiction,a tea filter was developed and studied for smoking cessation.This work reports the smoking cessation effect of tea when it was used as a component of cigarette filters.In one trial it was found that after using the tea filters for 2 months,the volunteer smokers decreased their cigarette consumption by 56.5%,and 31.7% of them stopped smoking.This work identified a new method and material,tea filter and theanine,which inhibit tobacco and nicotine addiction and provide an effective strategy for treating tobacco addiction. | YAN JingQi1,2,DI XiaoJing1,4,LIU CaiYi3,ZHANG HuiMin3,HUANG XiouQin3,ZHANG JunJing1,2,ZHAO Yan5,ZHANG LongZe1,CHANG YanZhong4,LIANG YongLin2$,TAO Ran3 & ZHAO BaoLu1,21 State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China 2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China 3 Addiction Branch,Beijing Military Region General Hospital,Beijing 100700,China 4 Institute of Molecular Neurobiology,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050016,China 5 Department of Food Sciences and Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai,Weihai 264209,China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，5： | 8 |
| 6 | 循证实践中的医患选择——医疗决策不能迷信证据而要靠人显示文摘 | R Brain Haynes PJ Devereaux Gordon H Guyatt 陈霖 | 2003 | 中国循证医学杂志2003，3，4： | 7 |
| 7 | Research progress on Drosophila visual cognition in China显示文摘Visual cognition,as one of the fundamental aspects of cognitive neuroscience,is generally associated with high-order brain functions in animals and human.Drosophila,as a model organism,shares certain features of visual cognition in common with mammals at the genetic,molecular,cellular,and even higher behavioral levels.From learning and memory to decision making,Drosophila covers a broad spectrum of higher cognitive behaviors beyond what we had expected.Armed with powerful tools of genetic manipulation in Drosophila,an increasing number of studies have been conducted in order to elucidate the neural circuit mechanisms underlying these cognitive behaviors from a genes-brain-behavior perspective.The goal of this review is to integrate the most important studies on visual cognition in Drosophila carried out in China's Mainland during the last decade into a body of knowledge encompassing both the basic neural operations and circuitry of higher brain function in Drosophila.Here,we consider a series of the higher cognitive behaviors beyond learning and memory,such as visual pattern recognition,feature and context generalization,different feature memory traces,salience-based decision,attention-like behavior,and cross-modal leaning and memory.We discuss the possible general gain-gating mechanism implementing by dopamine-mushroom body circuit in fly's visual cognition.We hope that our brief review on this aspect will inspire further study on visual cognition in flies,or even beyond. | GUO AiKe1,2,ZHANG Ke1,PENG YueQin1 & XI Wang1 1 Institute of Neuroscience,State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China 2 State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，3： | 6 |
| 8 | Chinese expert consensus on programming deep brain stimulation for patients with Parkinson’s disease显示文摘Background:Deep Brain Stimulation(DBS)therapy for the treatment of Parkinson’s Disease(PD)is now a well-established option for some patients.Postoperative standardized programming processes can improve the level of postoperative management and programming,relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.Main body:In order to improve the quality of the programming,the experts on DBS and PD in neurology and neurosurgery in China reviewed the relevant literatures and combined their own experiences and developed this expert consensus on the programming of deep brain stimulation in patients with PD in China.Conclusion:This Chinese expert consensus on postoperative programming can standardize and improve postoperative management and programming of DBS for PD. | Shengdi Chen Guodong Gao Tao Feng Jianguo Zhang The Chinese Medical Association neurosurgery branch of functional neurosurgery group The Chinese Medical Association neurology branch of Parkinson’s disease,Movement disorders group The Chinese Physician Association neurosurgeon branch of functional neurosurgery expert committee The Chinese Physician Association neurologist branch of Parkinson’s disease and Movement disorders professional committee Chinese expert committee on Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease | 2018 | Translational Neurodegeneration2018，7，1： | 5 |
| 9 | DIFFERENTIAL ROLES OF SPINAL CYCLOOXYGENASE (COX)-2 IN DEVELOPMENT OF PERSISTENT SPONTANEOUS NOCICEPTION AND HYPERALGESIA INDUCED BY SUBCUTANEOUS BEE VENOM INJECTION IN THE CONSCIOUS RAT显示文摘Aim: To study the roles of spinal cyclooxygenase (COX) -2 in the development of persistent spontaneous nociception and mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia induced by subcutaneous(s.c.) bee venom injection, the effects of intrathecal (i.t.) administration of a selective COX-2 inhibitor, etodolac was evaluated in the conscious rat. Methods: Chronic intrathecal (i.t.) catheterization was performed and effects of i.t. pre-and post-application | Zhen LI and Jun CHEN Department of Anatomy and K.K.Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 | 2001 | 神经解剖学杂志2001，17，B07： | 5 |
| 10 | The role of the DLPFC in inductive reasoning of MCI patients and normal agings:An fMRI study显示文摘Previous studies of young people have revealed that the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC) plays an important role in inductive reasoning.An fMRI experiment was performed in this study to examine whether the left DLPFC was involved in inductive reasoning of MCI patients and normal agings,and whether the activation pattern of this region was different between MCI patients and normal agings.The fMRI results indicated that MCI patients had no difference from normal agings in behavior performance(reaction time and accuracy) and the activation pattern of DLPFC.However,the BOLD response of the DLPFC region for MCI patients was weaker than that for normal agings,and the functional connectivity between the bilateral DLPFC regions for MCI patients was significantly higher than for normal agings.Taken together,these results indicated that DLPFC plays an important role in inductive reasoning of agings,and the functional abnormity of DLPFC may be an earlier marker of MCI before structural alterations. | YANG YanHui1,3,LIANG PeiPeng2,3,LU ShengFu2,3,LI KunCheng1,3 & ZHONG Ning2,3,4 1 Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100053,China 2 The International WIC Institute,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China 3 Beijing Municipal Lab of Brain Informatics,Beijing 100124,China 4 Department of Life Science and Informatics,Maebashi Institute of Technology,Maebashi 371-0816,Japan | 2009 | Science China(Life Sciences)2009，52，8： | 5 |
| 11 | Spinal processing of bee venom-induced pain and hyperalgesia显示文摘Subcutaneous injection of bee venom causes long-term neural activation and hypersensitization in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord,which contributes to the development and maintenance of various pain-related behaviors.The unique behavioral 'phenotypes' of nociception and hypersensitivity identified in the rodent bee venom test are believed to reflect a complex pathological state of inflammatory pain and might be appropriate to the study of phenotype-based mechanisms of pain and hyperalgesia.In this review,the spinal processing of the bee venom-induced different 'phenotypes' of pain and hyperalgesia will be described.The accumulative electrophysiological,pharmacological,and behavioral data strongly suggest that different 'phenotypes' of pain and hyperalgesia are mediated by different spinal signaling pathways.Unraveling the phenotype-based mechanisms of pain might be useful in development of novel therapeutic drugs against complex clinic pathological pain. | Jun CHEN Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain and Institute for Functional Brain Disorders,Tangdu Hospital,the Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710038,China Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China | 2008 | 生理学报2008，60，5： | 3 |
| 12 | Ripple-associated high-firing interneurons in the hippocampal CA1 region显示文摘By simultaneously recording the activity of individual neurons and field potentials in freely behaving mice, we found two types of interneurons firing at high frequency in the hippocampal CA1 region, which had high correlations with characteristic sharp wave-associated ripple oscillations (100―250 Hz) during slow-wave sleep. The firing of these two types of interneurons highly synchronized with ripple oscillations during slow-wave sleep, with strongly increased firing rates corresponding to individual ripple episodes. Interneuron type I had at most one spike in each sub-ripple cycle of ripple episodes and the peak firing rate was 310±33.17 Hz. Interneuron type II had one or two spikes in each sub-ripple cycle and the peak firing rate was 410±47.61 Hz. During active exploration, their firing was phase locked to theta oscillations with the highest probability at the trough of theta wave. Both two types of interneurons increased transiently their firing rates responding to the startling shake stimuli. The results showed that these two types of high-frequency interneurons in the hippocampal CA1 region were involved in the modulation of the hippocampal neural network during different states. | WANG Ying, ZHANG Lu, PAN JingWei, XIE Kun, LI ShiQi, WANG ZhiRu & LIN LongNian Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，2： | 3 |
| 13 | 云南松茸采集制度及其经济收益的比较研究——滇西北三村案例显示文摘基于滇西北3个村的开放、集体、私人三种松茸采集制度的形成原因、实施特点、生计影响的比较分析,通过三种不同采集制度下所采1254个松茸的长度、重量、生长天数以及经济收益的实地测量和比较分析,并建立采集特征模型,从经济层面得到云南松茸被过度使用的证据和结论,探讨了公共产权资源私人化采集的可行性,并提出云南松茸采集管理的长效机制和途径。 | 董敏 Brain E.Robinson 罗明灿 陈平留 张国防 | 2012 | 林业经济2012，，2： | 3 |
| 14 | Response characteristics of an ascending auditory neuron AN3 and its projections in the brain of the bushcricket Gampsocleis grationsa显示文摘The phonotaxis of bushcrickets demonstrates that they have goodcapability of recognizing conspecific songs and locating the sound source,which bases on complicated auditory mechanisms of the central nervoussystem(CNS).This article describes the response characteristics of AN3,an auditory ascending neuron in the prothoracic ganglion,and its projec-tions within the brain.The AN3,with a quasi-tonic discharge pattern,has high sensitivity,directionality and ability to encode sound intensity.Therefore,it plays an important role in auditory information processingof CNS.Its projections in the brain are mainly concentrated in the lateralzone of the deutencephalon,where synaptically connecting local auditoryinterneurons in the brain. | GAO Panpan and SHEN Jun -Xian(Institute of Biophysics, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100080)The phonotaxis of bushcrickets demonstrates that they have good capability of recognizing conspecific songs and locating the sound source, which bases on complicated auditory mechanisms of the central nervous system (CNS). This article describes the response characteristics of AN3, an auditory ascending neuron in the prothoracic ganglion, and its projections within the brain. The AN3 , with a quasi-tonic discharge pattern, has high sensitivity, directionality and ability to encode sound intensity. Therefore, it plays an important role in auditory information processing of CNS. Its projections in the brain are mainly concentrated in the lateral zone of the deutencephalon, where synaptically connecting local auditory interneurons in the brain. | 1992 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics1992，11，1： | 3 |
| 15 | The effects of centrally administered fluorocitrate via inhibiting glial cells on working memory in rats显示文摘Although prefrontal and hippocampal neurons are critical for spatial working memory,the function of glial cells in spatial working memory remains uncertain.In this study we investigated the function of glial cells in rats' working memory.The glial cells of rat brain were inhibited by intracerebroventricular(icv) injection of fluorocitrate(FC).The effects of FC on the glial cells were examined by using electroencephalogram(EEG) recordings and delayed spatial alternation tasks.After icv injection of 10 μL of 0.5 nmol/L or 5 nmol/L FC,the EEG power spectrum recorded from the hippocampus increased,but the power spectrum for the prefrontal cortex did not change,and working memory was unaffected.Following an icv injection of 10 μL of 20 nmol/L FC,the EEG power spectra in both the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus increased,and working memory improved.The icv injection of 10 μL of 50 nmol/L FC,the EEG power spectra in both the prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampus decreased,and working memory was impaired.These results suggest that spatial working memory is affected by centrally administered FC,but only if there are changes in the EEG power spectrum in the prefrontal cortex.Presumably,the prefrontal glial cells relate to the working memory. | WANG Lei1,2,LI Chao-Cui1,WANG Gong-Wu1 & CAI Jing-Xia1 1 Section of Brain and Behavior,Kunming Institute of Zoology,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650223,China 2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China | 2009 | Science China(Life Sciences)2009，52，8： | 2 |
| 16 | Fos expression in tyrosine hydroxylase-containing neurons in rat brainstem after visceral noxious stimulation:an immunohistochemical study显示文摘AIM: To prove that neurons in the different structures of the brainstem that express tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) are involved in the transmission and modulation of visceral or somatic nociceptive information in rat.METHODS: Immunohistochemical double-staining method was used to co-localize TH and Fos expression in neurons of the rat brainstem in visceral or subcutaneous noxious stimulation models.RESULTS: Neurons co-expressing TH/Fos were observed in lateral reticular nucleus (LRT), rostroventrolateral reticular nucleus (RVL), solitary tract nucleus (SOL), locus coeruleus (LC), A5, A7 neuronal groups and ventrolateral subdivision of the periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) in both models. But the proportion and number of the double-labeled neurons responding to the two noxious stimuli were significantly different in the LRT, RVL and LC nuclei. The proportion and number of the TH/Fos double-labeled neurons in the visceral pain model were smaller than that in the subcutaneous pain model. However, in the case of SOL, they were similar in the two models.CONCLUSION: Differences of Fos expression in TH immunoreactive neurons in animals after visceral and somatic noxious stimulation indicate that the mechanisms of the transmission and modulation of visceral nociceptive information in the brainstem may be different from that of somatic nociceptive information. | Feng Han Yu-Fei Zhang Yun-Qing Li Department of Anatomy and K.K.Leung Brain Research Centre,the Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,Shaanxi Province,China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，5： | 2 |
| 17 | Association between tea consumption and cognitive function in cognitively healthy older adults and older adults with mild cognitive impairment显示文摘Background Prospective studies suggest that tea consumption may decrease the risk for cognitive impairment in late life.However,little research has examined the association between tea consumption and cognitive performance across multiple domains.In addition,no research has examined the benefit of tea consumption on cognitive performance among older adults with existing impairment.Aims The current study examined the association between tea consumption and performance on tasks of global cognitive function,episodic memory and executive function in cognitively healthy(CH)older adults and older adults with mild cognitive impairment(MCI).Methods The analytical sample included 1849 community-dwelling older adults from the Shanghai Brain Aging Study(65.6%female,mean age of 69.50(8.02)years).Following ascertainment of cognitive function,816 were categorised as MCI.In addition to completion of a demographics questionnaire,participants reported their tea consumption and completed a battery of tests to measure global cognitive function,episodic memory and working memory.Results Independent analyses of covariance revealed a significant association between tea consumption and measures of episodic memory;however,these associations were restricted to CH older adults but not older adults with MCI.Tea consumption was not associated with working memory performance.Conclusions The current study suggests that the benefit of tea consumption is restricted to cognitively healthy older adults and does not extend to older adults with MCI. | Hua Xu Alexandra J Fiocco Xiaohua Liu Tao Wang Guanjun Li Shifu Xiao the research group of Shanghai Brain Aging Study | 2021 | General Psychiatry2021，34，4： | 2 |
| 18 | POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERSISTENT SPONTANEOUS PAIN AND HYPERALGESIA INDUCED BY SUBCUTANEOUS INTRAPLANTAR BEE VENOM INJECTION IN RATS显示文摘Aim: The present study was designed to investigate the postnatal development of persistent spontaneous pain and hyperalgesia induced by subcutaneous (s. c. ) intraplantar bee venom (BV) injection in pup rats and changes in pain behaviors in the mature rats receiving postnatal BV injection. Methods: Twenty four litters of pup rats were divided into six groups: P1 (postnatal day), P4, P7, P14, P21, P28. | Meng-Meng LI~2, Hui-Sheng CHEN~1, Ying-Min ZHANG~2 and Jun CHEN~1 ~1Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, ~2Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032 | 2001 | 神经解剖学杂志2001，17，B07： | 2 |
| 19 | Calcitonin gene related peptide is a potent vasodilator显示文摘 | Brain S D Wllians T J Tippins J R | 1985 | Nature1985，313，3： | 2 |
| 20 | The Relative Effect of Azone? and Transcutol? on Permeant Diffusivity and Solubility in Human Stratum Corneum显示文摘 | Julian E. Harrison Adam C. Watkinson Darren M. Green Jonathan Hadgraft Keith Brain | 1996 | Pharmaceutical Research1996，，4： | 2 |
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