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| 1 | Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the freshwater aquatic environment显示文摘Pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)are a unique group of emerging environmental contaminants,due to their inherent ability to induce physiological effects in human at low doses.An increasing number of studies has confirmed the presence of various PPCPs in different environmental compartments,which raises concerns about the potential adverse effects to humans and wildlife.Therefore,this article reviews the current state-of-knowledge on PPCPs in the freshwater aquatic environment.The environmental risk posed by these contaminants is evaluated in light of the persistence,bioaccumulation and toxicity criteria.Available literature on the sources,transport and degradation of PPCPs in the aquatic environment are evaluated,followed by a comprehensive review of the reported concentrations of different PPCP groups in the freshwater aquatic environment(water,sediment and biota)of the five continents.Finally,future perspectives for research on PPCPs in the freshwater aquatic environment are discussed in light of the identified research gaps in current knowledge. | Anekwe Jennifer Ebele Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah Stuart Harrad | 2017 | Emerging Contaminants2017，3，1： | 44 |
| 2 | Bowel preparation quality scales for colonoscopy显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Colonoscopy is widely preferred for CRC screening and is the most commonly used method in the United States. Adequate bowel preparation is essential for successful colonoscopy CRC screening. However, up to one-quarter of colonoscopies are associated with inadequate bowel preparation, which may result in reduced polyp and adenoma detection rates, unsuccessful screens, and an increased likelihood of repeat procedure. In addition, standardized criteria and assessment scales for bowel preparation quality are lacking. While several bowel preparation quality scales are referred to in the literature, these differ greatly in grading methodology and categorization criteria. Published reliability and validity data are available for five bowel preparation quality assessment scales, which vary in several key attributes. However, clinicians and researchers continue to use a variety of bowel preparation quality measures, including nonvalidated scales, leading to potential confusion and difficulty when comparing quality results among clinicians and across clinical trials. Optimal clinical criteria for bowel preparation quality remain controversial. The use of validated bowel preparation quality scales with stringent but simple scoring criteria would help clarify clinical trial data as well as the performance of colonoscopy in clinical practice related to quality measurements. | David Kastenberg Gerald Bertiger Stuart Brogadir | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，26： | 38 |
| 3 | 青少年体育活动中的目标定向和自我决定理论:年龄和性别的差异显示文摘以英格兰 82 4名初中生为调查对象 ,主要考察了在目标定向、行为调节、能力知觉和体育活动参与情况上的年龄和性别差异 ,并且采用动机变量预测校外体育活动参与情况。研究结果呈现出明显的性别差异 ,男生有较高的自我定向、自我决定动机和能力知觉。与此一致的结果是男生比女生更喜爱体育活动。对男生来说 ,自我定向、自我决定动机和能力知觉是参加体育活动的正相关预测指标 ,而任务定向和无动机与体育活动参与没有关系。对女生来说 ,任务定向和能力知觉能够积极预测体育活动参与情况 。 | 孙延林 C.K.John Wang Stuart J.H.Biddle | 2001 | 天津体育学院学报2001，16，3： | 33 |
| 4 | 中国两栖动物保护需求总述显示文摘通过对中国两栖动物物种生物多样性现状的全面分析,与世界许多国家相比,中国是一个重要的全球优先保护地区.横断山区、南岭山区和武夷山区3个区域的两栖动物物种多样性特别丰富.有尾两栖类物种较无尾类受胁程度更高.几个物种数相对较少的铃蟾科、隐腮鲵科、小鲵科和蝾螈科显示出了高的受胁倾向.像世界其它地方一样,高海拔地区溪流繁殖的森林物种受胁程度更高.对中国两栖动物而言,生境丧失、污染和过度捕捉是最主要的致危因素.过度捕捉虽然影响不如生境丧失深远,但它更可能导致一个物种种群的快速衰落.针对5个方面的保护挑战,提出了优先研究领域和保护行动方面的建议. | 谢锋 刘惠宁 Simon N Stuart Janice S Chanson Neil A Cox Debra L Fischman | 2006 | 中国科学(C辑)2006，36，6： | 28 |
| 5 | 中国新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情基本再生数评估显示文摘目的目前湖北省的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)确诊和疑似病例的数量仍在增加。国内外多个团队对疫情发展进行了模型预测,但结论并不统一。因此,开展本次疫情的预测模型研究、评估COVID-19的基本再生数(basic reproduction number,R0),对于评估病毒的传播能力以及一系列控制措施的效果具有重要意义。方法收集从湖北省2020年1月17日到2月8日期间每天报告的确诊病例数等数据,分别采用指数增长方法(exponential growth,EG)、极大似然法(maximum likelihood estimation,ML)、序贯贝叶斯方法(sequential Bayesian method,SB)和时间相关基本再生数(time dependent reproduction numbers,TD)估计R0值。结果由观测病例数和4种方法预测的病例数的拟合情况可知,EG方法拟合效果最优。EG方法估计COVID-19湖北省R0的值为3.49(95%CI:3.42~3.58)。采取封城控制手段期间,EG方法估算R0值为2.95(95%CI:2.86~3.03)。结论在传染病流行初期,适合采用EG方法估算R0。同时需要采取及时有效的控制措施,进一步降低COVID-19的传播速率。 | 王莹 尤心怡 王奕婧 彭丽萍 杜志成 Stuart Gilmour Daisuke Yoneoka 顾菁 郝春 郝元涛 李菁华 | 2020 | 中华流行病学杂志2020，41，4： | 22 |
| 6 | 控制卫生费用 还是投资于健康——兼论健康产业模式显示文摘探讨我国卫生和卫生系统与经济的关系。由于政府、社会和病人无法承受越来越高的卫生费用,以至于控制卫生费用已成为我国卫生政策的核心。而作者从另一角度阐述健康投资对于宏观经济发展的价值与贡献。通过分析我国近年来的人群健康状况、卫生资源和卫生费用等的变化发展趋势,发现在有限的卫生费用下总体健康状况持续改善。提出了投资于健康有利于降低疾病负担,提高劳动生产力,从而促进经济的发展。 | 陈英耀 吕军 Stuart O.Schweitzer | 2003 | 中国医院管理2003，23，4： | 23 |
| 7 | Safety of once‐daily insulin detemir in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with oral hypoglycemic agents in routine clinical practice (在常规临床实践中使用口服降糖药治疗的2型糖尿病患者每日一次使用地特胰岛素治疗的安全性)显示文摘 | Stuart Ross Grzegorz Dzida Qiuhe Ji Marcel Kaiser Robert Ligthelm Luigi Meneghini Avideh Nazeri Domingo Orozco‐Beltran Changyu Pan Anne Louise Svendsen | 2014 | Journal of Diabetes2014，，3： | 18 |
| 8 | The global significance of biodiversity science in China: an overview显示文摘Biodiversity science in China has seen rapid growth over recent decades,ranging from baseline biodiversity studies to understanding the processes behind evolution across dynamic regions such as the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.We review research,including species catalogues;biodiversity monitoring;the origins,distributions,maintenance and threats to biodiversity;biodiversity-related ecosystem function and services;and species and ecosystems'responses to global change.Next,we identify priority topics and offer suggestions and priorities for future biodiversity research in China.These priorities include(i)the ecology and biogeography of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountains,and that of subtropical and tropical forests across China;(ii)marine and inland aquatic biodiversity;and(iii)effective conservation and management to identify and maintain synergies between biodiversity and socio-economic development to fulfil China's vision for becoming an ecological civilization.In addition,we propose three future strategies:(i)translate advanced biodiversity science into practice for biodiversity conservation;(ii)strengthen capacity building and application of advanced technologies,including high-throughput sequencing,genomics and remote sensing;and(iii)strengthen and expand international collaborations.Based on the recent rapid progress of biodiversity research,China is well positioned to become a global leader in biodiversity research in the near future. | Xiangcheng Mi Gang Feng Yibo Hu Jian Zhang Lei Chen Richard T.Corlett Alice C.Hughes Stuart Pimm Bernhard Schmid Suhua Shi Jens-Christian Svenning Keping Ma | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，7： | 16 |
| 9 | 在血压控制不良的高血压患者中使用数字化干预的家庭和在线血压管理:随机对照试验显示文摘HOME BP试验(The home and online management and evaluation of blood pressure)的目的是评估在初级预防中结合自我监测和自我管理的数字化干预在高血压管理中的作用。研究者纳入英国76个治疗中心经过治疗但血压控制不好(>140/90 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)并能上网的患者622例,进行自动确定主要终点的公开随机对照试验。 | McMa-nus RJ Little P Stuart B Morton K Raftery J Kelly J Bradbury K Zhang J Zhu S Murray E May CR Mair FS Michie S Smith P Band R Ogburn E AllenJ Rice C Nut-tall J Williams B Yardley L 陈嘉睿(译) 叶鹏(审校) | 2021 | 中华高血压杂志2021，29，5： | 15 |
| 10 | Satellite remote sensing of grasslands:from observation to management显示文摘Aims Grasslands are the world’s most extensive terrestrial ecosystem,and are a major feed source for livestock.Meeting increasing demand for meat and other dairy products in a sustainable manner is a big challenge.At a field scale,Global Positioning System and ground-based sensor technologies provide promising tools for grassland and herd management with high precision.With the growth in availability of spaceborne remote sensing data,it is therefore important to revisit the relevant methods and applications that can exploit this imagery.In this article,we have reviewed the(i)current status of grassland monitoring/observation methods and applications based on satellite remote sensing data,(ii)the technological and methodological developments to retrieve different grassland biophysical parameters and management characteristics(i.e.degradation,grazing intensity)and(iii)identified the key remaining challenges and some new upcoming trends for future development.Important Findings The retrieval of grassland biophysical parameters have evolved in recent years from classical regression analysis to more complex,efficient and robust modeling approaches,driven by satellite data,and are likely to continue to be the most robust method for deriving grassland information,however these require more high quality calibration and validation data.We found that the hypertemporal satellite data are widely used for time series generation,and particularly to overcome cloud contamination issues,but the current low spatial resolution of these instruments precludes their use for field-scale application in many countries.This trend may change with the current rise in launch of satellite constellations,such as RapidEye,Sentinel-2 and even the microsatellites such as those operated by Skybox Imaging.Microwave imagery has not been widely used for grassland applications,and a better understanding of the backscatter behaviour from different phenological stages is needed for more reliable products in cloudy regions.The development of hyperspectral satellite instrumentation and analytical methods will help for more detailed discrimination of habitat types,and the development of tools for greater end-user operation. | Iftikhar Ali Fiona Cawkwell Edward Dwyer Brian Barrett Stuart Green | 2016 | Journal of Plant Ecology2016，9，6： | 15 |
| 11 | 加强流行病学中观察性研究报告质量(STROBE)声明:观察性研究报告规范显示文摘很多生物医学研究都是观察性的。但对这类研究的报告却通常不完整,从而限制了对其优缺点及普适性的评价。“加强流行病学中观察性研究报告质量(STROBE)”工作组针对一篇完整明确的观察性研究报告应包括的内容提供了一套建议。建议涵盖了流行病学研究的三种主要设计类型:队列设计、病例对照设计和横断面设计。2004年9月,我们召开了为期2天的研讨会,与会的方法学专家、研究人员和期刊编辑共同起草了一份观察性研究报告应纳入的条目清单草案。此后,又通过协调小组数次会议及与有关人员电子邮件讨论等对该草案进行了修改,纳入了经验性证据和方法学方面的意见。通过研讨会及之后反复的咨询和修订,我们制定出了一个包含22个条目的清单(STROBE声明),分为论文的题目、摘要、引言、方法、结果和讨论等部分。其中18个条目适用于所有三种主要的观察性研究设计,其余4个条目则专门用于队列、病例一对照或横断面设计。详细的解释和示范文件已另行发表,在《公共科学图书馆一医学》(PLoS Medicine)、《内科学年报》(Annalsof Internal Medicine)和《流行病学》(Epidemiology)的网站可以免费获得。我们希望STROBE声明能有助于改善观察性研究报告的质量。 | Erikvon Elm Douglas G Altman Matthias Egger Stuart J Pocock Peter C G tzsche Jan P Vandenbroucke 赵乐(译) 邹光勇(审) 杜怀东(审) | 2008 | 世界临床医学2008，2，1： | 12 |
| 12 | Comparison of the diagnostic yield and outcomes between standard 8 h capsule endoscopy and the new 12 h capsule endoscopy for investigating small bowel pathology显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the completion rate and diagnostic yield of the Pill Cam SB2-ex in comparison to the Pill Cam SB2.METHODS:Two hundred cases using the 8-h Pill Cam SB2 were retrospectively compared to 200 cases using the 12 h Pill Cam SB2-ex at a tertiary academic center.Endoscopically placed capsules were excluded from the study.Demographic information,indications for capsule endoscopy,capsule type,study length,completion of exam,clinically significant findings,timestamp of most distant finding,and significant findings beyond 8 h were recorded.RESULTS:The 8 and 12 h capsule groups were well matched respectively for both age(70.90±14.19vs 71.93±13.80,P=0.46)and gender(45.5%vs48%male,P=0.69).The most common indications for the procedure in both groups were anemia and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.Pill Cam SB2-ex had a significantly higher completion rate than Pill Cam SB2(88%vs 79.5%,P=0.03).Overall,the diagnostic yield was greater for the 8 h capsule(48.5%for SB2vs 35%for SB2-ex,P=0.01).In 4/70(5.7%)of abnormal SB2-ex exams the clinically significant findingwas noted in the small bowel beyond the 8 h mark.CONCLUSION:In our study,we found the Pill Cam SB2-ex to have a significantly increased completion rate,though without any improvement in diagnostic yield compared to the Pill Cam SB2. | Merajur Rahman Stuart Akerman Bethany De Vito Larry Miller Meredith Akerman Keith Sultan | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 12 |
| 13 | Conservation needs of amphibians in China: A review显示文摘The conservation status of all the amphibians in China is analyzed,and the country is shown to be a global priority for conservation in comparison to many other countries of the world.Three Chinese regions are particularly rich in amphibian diversity:Hengduan,Nanling,and Wuyi mountains.Sala-manders are more threatened than frogs and toads.Several smaller families show a high propensity to become seriously threatened:Bombinatoridae,Cryptobranchidae,Hynobiidae and Salamandridae.Like other parts of the world,stream-breeding,high-elevation forest amphibians have a much higher likeli-hood of being seriously threatened.Habitat loss,pollution,and over-harvesting are the most serious threats to Chinese amphibians.Over-harvesting is a less pervasive threat than habitat loss,but it is more likely to drive a species into rapid decline.Five conservation challenges are mentioned with recommendations for the highest priority research and conservation actions. | Michael Wai Neng LAU Simon N STUART Janice S CHANSON Neil A COX Debra L FISCHMAN | 2007 | Science China(Life Sciences)2007，50，2： | 12 |
| 14 | 牙形石SHRIMP微区原位氧同位素分析方法显示文摘氧同位素温度计已被用于古温度变化研究多年。生物化石磷酸盐中的氧同位素组成对古气候环境变化响应灵敏,牙形石在古生代到中生代的古海洋地层中广泛存在,并具有较为重要的地层学意义,是研究古温度变化的最佳样品之一。SHRIMP具备高分辨、高灵敏、高精度和微量及原位微区分析的特点,可以进行20μm范围内的原位(in-situ)同位素分析。本文介绍了作者利用SHRIMP IIe-MC建立的牙形石微区原位氧同位素分析方法,这是国内关于该方法的首次报导。本文对磷灰石标准样Durango进行了测定,连续七昼夜获得的253次测定结果,平均值为δ18 Oapatite=9.78‰±0.29‰,与该标准参考值δ18 Oapatite=9.81‰±0.25‰(Williams,未刊资料)一致。作者并以二叠系—三叠系界线上下海水温度变化研究为示范,对采自西藏文布当桑二叠系—三叠系剖面上的49个层位中的237件牙形石样品进行了914个氧同位素分析,为研究二叠系—三叠系界线上发生的生物灭绝事件前后的海水温度变化提供了可靠详实的数据。 | 周丽芹 Ian Stuart WILLIAMS 刘建辉 纪战胜 肖渊甫 刘敦 | 2012 | 地质学报2012，86，4： | 11 |
| 15 | 镝氢化物掺杂钕铁硼稀土永磁体的研究显示文摘发现了采用减量化重稀土镝添加高效制备块状超高矫顽力稀土永磁体新型方法。在钕铁硼(Nd-Fe-B)系稀土永磁材料中以DyH3的形式掺入稀土镝(Dy)元素,在不同烧结温度1020,1040,1050,1060,1080℃下进行烧结,制备成一系列DyH3掺杂(PrNd)30Fe69B磁体和未掺杂的(PrNd)30Fe69B磁体。研究剩磁、矫顽力与烧结温度及显微结构之间的关系。结果显示:随着温度的升高,剩磁不断上升;矫顽力在烧结温度1020-1050℃时达到最大。重稀土Dy添加可有效增加Nd-Fe-B磁体的矫顽力。采用扫描电镜和能谱仪研究了不同烧结温度对磁体晶粒尺寸、Dy在晶粒内与晶界处成分分布的影响,发现温度超过1060℃时,晶粒会过度长大,使其矫顽力随之下降。稍低的烧结温度1020-1050℃可以获得Dy分布于晶粒呈"壳"状结构并使得Dy尽量分布于晶界处,获得了制备高矫顽力块体稀土永磁较满意的Dy减量化方法。 | 向丽君 P.J.McGuiness Robin Stuart Mottram 闫阿儒 胡伯平 严高林 | 2014 | 中国稀土学报2014，32，5： | 11 |
| 16 | 华南陡山沱期古地理环境及“雪球地球”研究新进展显示文摘华南地块陡山沱组的古地磁和C同位素研究揭示了其形成于赤道附近的古地理环境。对冰期后的盖帽白云岩的C同位素研究表明,δ13C从-5‰开始有缓慢升高的趋势,与世界上Marinoan冰期其他剖面的C同位素变化相一致。陡山沱期大气中CO2含量的升高可能与Rodinia超大陆的裂解及火山活动等密切相关。 | 孙知明 杨振宇 裴军令 Jean BESSE Melina MACOUIN Stuart GILDER Magali ADER | 2004 | 地质通报2004，23，8： | 11 |
| 17 | Massive haemorrhage in liver transplantation:Consequences,prediction and management显示文摘From its inception the success of liver transplantation has been associated with massive blood loss. Massive transfusion is classically defined as > 10 units of red blood cells within 24 h, but describing transfusion rates over a shorter period of time may reduce the potential for survival bias. Both massive haemorrhage and transfusion are associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity(need for dialysis/surgical site infection) following liver transplantation although causality is difficult to prove due to the observational design of most trials. The blood loss associated with liver transplantation is multifactorial. Portal hypertension secondary to cirrhosis results in extensive collateral circulation, which can bleed during hepatectomy particular if portal pressures are increased. Avoiding volume loading and maintenance of a low central venous pressure together with the use of vasopressors have been shown to reduce blood loss and transfusion during liver transplantation, but may increase the risk of renal impairment post-operatively. Coagulation defects may be present pre-transplant, but haemostasis is often re-balanced due to a deficit in both proand anti-coagulation factors. Further derangement of haemostasis may develop in the anhepatic and neohepatic phases due to absent hepatic metabolic function, hyperfibrinolysis and platelet sequestration in the donor liver. Point-of-care tests of coagulation such as the viscoelastic tests rotation thromboelastometry/thromboelastometry allow and more accurate and rapid assessment of these derangements in coagulation and guide the use of factor replacement and antifibrinolytics. Transfusion protocols guided by these tests have been shown to reduce transfusion rates compared with conventional coagulation tests, but have not shownimprovements in mortality or morbidity. Pre-operative factors associated with massive transfusion include previous surgery, re-do transplantation, the aetiology and severity of liver disease. Intra-operatively the use of piggy-back technique and avoiding veno-veno bypass has been shown to reduced blood loss. | Stuart Cleland Carlos Corredor Jia Jia Ye Coimbatore Srinivas Stuart A Mc Cluskey | 2016 | World Journal of Transplantation2016，6，2： | 11 |
| 18 | In Vivo Phosphorylation Site Mapping and Functional Characterization of Arabidopsis Phototropin 1显示文摘Phototropins (phot1 和 phot2 ) 是控制优化植物的光合的效率的回答的一个范围的蓝光的受体 kinases。察觉到的光被二个黄素绑定主题调停,作为 LOV1 和 LOV2 知道,在蛋白质的 N 终端区域以内定位了。经由 LOV2 的 Photoexcitation 导致 C 终端 kinase 领域并且因而的激活受体 autophosphorylation。然而,为 Arabidopsis phototropins 的 in-vivo phosphorylation 地点的知识在阐明正在缺乏并且阻碍了进步受体 phosphorylation 的功能的意义。我们从 Arabidopsis 净化了 phot1 并且由液体层析双人脚踏车团 spectrometry 识别了受体 phosphorylation 的 in-vivo 地点。导出 Arabidopsis 的 phot1 作为色基绑黄素 mononucleotide 并且是在 LOV2 (Ser58, Ser85, Ser350,和 Ser410 ) 在上游的定位的四个主要地点的 phosphorylated。不过,结构功能分析显示 phot1 的生物活动能被归因于包括蛋白质的 LOV2-kinase 区域的一个模块化的单位。因此,包括这里识别的受体 phosphorylation 的地点, LOV2 在上游的肽区域不看起来为受体发信号重要。由对比,这些区域可能为最大化是必要的有气孔的性能和 phot1 的可能导致光的本地化。 | Stuart Sullivan Catriona E. Thomson Douglas J. Lamont Matthew A. Jones John M. Christie | 2008 | Molecular Plant2008，1，1： | 11 |
| 19 | 两万年来的中国多年冻土形成演化显示文摘利用大量的古多年冻土遗迹和古冰缘现象,并佐以古冰川、孢粉及动物化石等资料,重建了20ka以来中国多年冻土演化进程.结果表明,在末次冰期最盛期(LGM,或末次多年冻土最大期LPMax),中国多年冻土面积达到了5.3×10^6~5.4×10^6km^2(现今中国多年冻土面积的3倍多),而全新世大暖期(HMP,或末次多年冻土最小期LPMin),中国多年冻土面积曾缩减至0.80×10^6~0.85×10^6km^2(约为现今中国多年冻土面积的50%).按照古冻土遗迹的年代及分布等特征,在确定LGM和HMP两个主要时段的冻土格局基础上,将20ka以来中国多年冻土演化进程划分为7个阶段:晚更新世LGM(20000~10800aBP)多年冻土强烈扩展,达到LPMax;早全新世气候剧变期(10800至8500~7000aBP)多年冻土较稳定但相对缩减阶段;中全新世HMP(8500~7000至4000~3000aBP)多年冻土强烈退化阶段,多年冻土缩减到LPMin;晚全新世新冰期(4000~3000至1000aBP)冻土扩展阶段;晚全新世中世纪暖期(1000~500aBP)多年冻土相对退化阶段;晚全新世小冰期(LIA, 500~100aBP)冻土相对扩展阶段,以及近代升温期(近百年来)多年冻土持续退化阶段.本文重建了各时段内古气候、古地理环境以及多年冻土分布范围和其他特征. | 金会军 金晓颖 何瑞霞 罗栋梁 常晓丽 王绍令 Sergey S MARCHENKO 杨思忠 易朝路 李世杰 Stuart A HARRIS | 2019 | 中国科学:地球科学2019，49，8： | 11 |
| 20 | The mRNA Expression Profiles of Five Heat Shock Protein Genes from Frankliniella occidentalis at Different Stages and Their Responses to Temperatures and Insecticides显示文摘The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande) is a highly invasive pest that is able to exploit many crops across a wide range of environmental conditions. Five full-length cDNAs of heat shock protein(HSP) genes(Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, Fo-HSP60, Fo-HSP40 and Fo-HSP28.9) were cloned from F. occidentalis, and their expression profiles were investigated under conditions of thermal stress and insecticide exposure, and at different stages during development, using real-time quantitative PCR. All five gene sequences showed high similarity to homologs in other species, indicating the conserved function of this gene family. HSP60 represents an informative phylogenetic marker at the ordinal taxonomic level within Insecta, but HSP90, which has two homologous copies in Hymenoptera, was not informative. T he expression of Fo-HSPs under thermal stress suggests that Fo-HSP90, Fo-HSP70, and Fo-HSP28.9 are inducible by both cold and heat stress, Fo-HSP40 is only heat-inducible, and Fo-HSP60 is thermally insensitive. There were two patterns of cold induction of Fo-HSPs: one is from 0 to 4°C and the other is around-8°C. All five Fo-HSPs genes were induced by exposure to sublethal concentrations of the insecticide avermectin. The expression of the five Fo-HSPs during different developmental stages suggests that they all play a role in development of F. occidentalis. | WANG Hai-hong Stuart R Reitz WANG Li-xia WANG Shuai-yu LI Xue LEI Zhong-ren | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2014，13，10： | 10 |
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