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| 1 | Treatment of diabetic retinopathy: Recent advances and unresolved challenges显示文摘Diabetic retinopathy(DR) is the leading cause of blindness in industrialized countries. Remarkable advances in the diagnosis and treatment of DR have been made during the past 30 years, but several important management questions and treatment deficiencies remain unanswered. The global diabetes epidemic threatens to overwhelm resources and increase the incidence of blindness, necessitating the development of innovative programs to diagnose and treat patients. The introduction and rapid adoption of intravitreal pharmacologic agents, particularly drugs that block the actions of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and corticosteroids, have changed the goal of DR treatment from stabilization of vision to improvement. Anti-VEGF injections improve visual acuity in patients with diabetic macular edema(DME) from 8-12 letters and improvements with corticosteroids are only slightly less. Unfortunately, a third of patients have an incomplete response to anti-VEGF therapy, but the best second-line therapy remains unknown. Current first-line therapy requires monthly visits and injections; longer acting therapies are needed to free up healthcare resources and improve patient compliance. VEGF suppression may be as effective as panretinal photocoagulation(PRP) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy, but more studies are needed before PRP is abandoned. For over 30 years laser was the mainstay for the treatment of DME, but recent studies question its role in the pharmacologic era. Aggressive treatment improves vision in most patients, but many still do not achieve reading and driving vision. New drugs are needed to add to gains achieved with available therapies. | Michael W Stewart | 2016 | World Journal of Diabetes2016，7，16： | 18 |
| 2 | D-二聚体预测稳定型冠状动脉性心脏病患者的长期病因特异性死亡率、心血管事件和癌症显示文摘交联纤维蛋白的降解产物D-二聚体是高凝状态和血栓形成事件的标志。D-二聚体水平中度升高与血管疾病患者静脉和动脉事件的风险相关。在缺血性疾病长期普伐他汀干预(long-term intervention with pravastatin in ischemic disease,LIPID)试验中,研究者在存在其他危险因素的背景下,评估了D-二聚体水平在预测长期血管转归、病因特异性死亡率和新发癌症中的作用。 | 刘青 叶鹏 Simes J Robledo KP White HD Espinoza D Stewart RA Sullivan DR Zeller T Hague W Nestel PJ Glasziou PP Keech AC Elliott J Blankenberg S Tonkin AM LIPID study investigators | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，3： | 6 |
| 3 | 社区多重慢病与健康管理显示文摘环境、人口、及经济转型带来的慢性非传染性疾病已经成为许多国家的头号健康威胁。多重病的患病率近年来稳步上升,与年龄增长密切相关,同时也与医疗服务因素及生活方式相关。多重慢病患者有更大的卫生保健需求。国际经验已经表明了初级卫生保健的巨大作用。加强初级保健下的社区健康管理可以带来更适宜、更有成效及更低成本的护理。面对来自于慢性疾病及多重病的新兴公共卫生问题,更需要加强多学科医疗保健服务模式下的社区健康管理。 | 王皓翔 王家骥 黄仰山 黄至生 Sian M GRIFFITHS Stewart W MERCER | 2015 | 医师在线2015，1，1： | 5 |
| 4 | 医疗系统管理共病患者遇到的挑战显示文摘共病现象越来越引起重视,给全世界的医疗系统带来巨大挑战。共病与衰老有关。但是,现在许多研究证明其是一种社会形态。这种社会形态在社会经济高度落后的地区正在变得普遍且患病年龄也逐年降低。目前关于此方向的研究并不充足。多数指南均是根据单一症状制定。过多给药在共病患者中十分常见,其引起的药品-疾病和药品-药品之间相互影响正在增加。共病患者需要全面的护理。但是二级护理通常相当专业化,共病患者护理过程常被打断,护理工作量加倍,从而使得共病患者的治疗费用增加。共病患者的医疗费用高通常是由于高频率的初级与二级护理咨询和计划外的入院治疗造成。精神问题与身体状况的结合增加了护理的支出及其复杂性。精神疾病与生理疾病共患在物质匮乏地区尤为常见。全科医师和基层护理团队通过运用以患者为中心的多种方法在管理共病患者中扮演着重要的角色。为了提高患者的生活质量,会诊的时长和护理的连续性应该被充分地加强。为了有效地应对这些挑战,医疗系统组织和资金运用的方式需要做出巨大的改变。 | Keith Moffat Stewart W Mercer 本刊编辑部 | 2016 | 中国全科医学2016，19，23： | 2 |
| 5 | Migraine prevalence, disease burden, and the need for preventive therapy显示文摘 | R B. Lipton M E. Bigal M Diamond F Freitag M L. Reed W F. Stewart | 2007 | Neurology2007，，5： | 2 |
| 6 | Induction of the PAOhl/SMO polyamine oxidase by polyamine analogues in human lung carcinoma cells 显示文摘 | DEVEREUX W WANG Y STEWART TM | 2003 | Cancer Chemother Pharmacol2003，52，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Inhalation of ultrafine particles alters blood leukocyte expression of adhesion molecules in humans 显示文摘 | FRAMPTON M W STEWART J C OBERDORSTER G | 2006 | Environ Health Perspect2006，114，1： | 1 |
| 8 | New approaches to the synthesis of functionalized fluorine -containing polymers显示文摘 | GRAINGER D W STEWART C W | 2001 | ACS Symposium Series2001，17，： | 1 |
| 9 | Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent infections显示文摘 | COSTERTON J W STEWART P S GREENBERG E P | 1999 | Science1999，284，： | 1 |
| 10 | Interactions between life stressors and susceptibility genes (5-HTTLPR and BDNF) on depression in Korean elders显示文摘 | Kim J M Stewart R Kim S W | 2007 | Biol Psychiatry2007，62，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Causes and prevention of laparoscopic bile duct injuries: analysis of 252 cases from a human factors and cognitive psychology perspective 显示文摘 | Way L W Stewart L Gantert W | 2003 | Ann Surg2003，237，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Extremely low frequency plasmons in metallic mesostructures显示文摘 | Pendry J B Holden A J Stewart W J | 1996 | Phys Rev Lett1996，76，23： | 1 |
| 13 | Radiation stress in water waves; a physical discussion,with applications显示文摘 | LONGUET-HIGGINS M S STEWART R W | 1964 | Deep-Sea Res1964，11，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Microdosimetric properties of ionizing electrons in water显示文摘 | STEWART R D WILSON W E MCDONALD J C | 2002 | Phys Med Biol2002，47，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Extremely low frequency plasmons in metallic mesostructures 显示文摘 | Pendry J B Holden A J Stewart W J | 1996 | Phys Rev Lett1996，76，5： | 1 |
| 16 | First record of Phenacoccuz solenopsis Tinsley in cultivated cotton in the United States 显示文摘 | Fuchs T W Stewart J W Minzenmayer R | 1991 | The Southwestern Entomologists1991，16，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Bacteria-induced de-emulsification of oil-in-water petroleum emulsions 显示文摘 | Gray N C C Stewart A L Cairns W L | 1984 | Biotechnology Letters1984，6，7： | 1 |
| 18 | HF radio measurements of surface currents显示文摘 | STEWART R H JOY J W | 1974 | Deep Sea Res1974，21，： | 1 |
| 19 | HF radio measurements of surface currents显示文摘 | Stewart R H Joy J W | 1974 | Deep-Sea Res1974，21，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Harvesting a crop of gold in plants显示文摘 | Anderson C W N Brooks R R Stewart R B | 1998 | Nature1998，395，6702： | 1 |
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