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| 1 | Incidence and mortality of primary liver cancer in England and Wales: Changing patterns and ethnic variations显示文摘AIM: To explore recent trends, modes of diagnosis, ethnic distribution and the mortality to incidence ratio of primary liver cancer by subtypes in England and Wales. METHODS: We obtained incidence(1979-2008) and mortality(1968-2008) data for primary liver cancer for England and Wales and calculated age-standardised incidence and mortality rates. Trends in age-standardised mortality(ASMR) and incidence(ASIR) rates and basis of diagnosis of primary liver cancer and subcategories: hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic bile duct and unspecified liver tumours, were analysed over the study period. Changes in guidelines for the diagnosis of primary liver cancer(PLC) may impact changing trends in the rates that may be obtained. We thus explored changes in the mode of diagnosis as reported to cancer registries. Furthermore, we examined the distribution of these tumours by ethnicity. Most of the statistical manipulations of these data was carried out in Microsoft excel(Seattle, Washington, United Sttaes). Additional epidemiological statistics were done in Epi Info software(Atlanta, GA, United Sttaes). To define patterns of change over time, we evaluated trends in ASMR and ASIR of PLC and intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma(IHBD) using a least squares regression line fitted to the natural logarithm of the mortality and incidence rates. We estimated the patterns of survival over subsequent 5 and 10 years using complement of mortality to incidence ratio(1-MIR). RESULTS: Age-standardised mortality rate of primary liver cancer increased in both sexes: from 2.56 and 1.29/100000 in 1968 to 5.10 and 2.63/100000 in 2008 for men and women respectively. The use of histology for diagnostic confirmation of primary liver cancer increased from 35.7% of registered cases in 1993 to plateau at about 50% during 2005 to 2008. Reliance on cytology as a basis of diagnosis has maintained a downward trend throughout the study period. Although approximately 30% of the PLC registrations had information on ethnicity, there was a relatively higher registration of the major tumour subtypes in patients whose ethnic backgrounds were from high incident regions of the world. Survival from PLC is estimated to get poorer in 10 years(2018) relative to 2008, particularly as a result of IHBD. CONCLUSION: Incidence and mortality of PLC, and particularly IHBD, have continued to rise in England and Wales. Changes in the modes of diagnosis may be contributing. | Nimzing G Ladep Shahid A Khan Mary ME Crossey Andrew V Thillainayagam Simon D Taylor-Robinson Mireille B Toledano | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，6： | 15 |
| 2 | Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis: Non-invasive assessment显示文摘Chronic liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and usually develops over many years, as a result of chronic inflammation and scarring, resulting in end-stage liver disease and its complications. The progression of disease is characterised by ongoing inflammation and consequent fibrosis, although hepatic steatosis is increasingly being recognised as an important pathological feature of disease, rather than being simply an innocent bystander. However, the current gold standard method of quantifying and staging liver disease, histological analysis by liver biopsy, has several limitations and can have associated morbidity and even mortality. Therefore, there is a clear need for safe and noninvasive assessment modalities to determine hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. This review covers key mechanisms and the importance of fibrosis and steatosis in the progression of liver disease. We address non-invasive imaging and blood biomarker assessments that can be used as an alternative to information gained on liver biopsy. | Rustam N Karanjia Mary ME Crossey I Jane Cox Haddy KS Fye Ramou Njie Robert D Goldin Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，45： | 6 |
| 3 | Urinary nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of a Bangladeshi cohort with hepatitis-B hepatocellular carcinoma: A biomarker corroboration study显示文摘AIM: To establish if a distinct urinary metabolic profile could be identified in Bangladeshi hepatitis-B hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients compared to cirrhosis patients and controls. METHODS: Urine samples from 42 Bangladeshi patients with HCC(39 patients with hepatitis-B HCC), 47 with cirrhosis on a background of hepatitis B, 46 with chronic hepatitis B, and seven ethnically-matched healthy controls were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy. A full dietary and medication history was recorded for each subject. The urinary NMR data were analyzed using principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial leastsquared discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) techniques. Differences in relative signal levels of the most discriminatory metabolites identified by PCA and OPLSDA were compared between subject groups using an independent samples Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) test with all pairwise multiple comparisons. Within the patient subgroups, the MannWhitney U test was used to compare metabolite levels depending on hepatitis B e-antigen(HBe Ag) status and treatment with anti-viral therapy. A BenjaminiHochberg adjustment was applied to acquire the level of significance for multiple testing, with a declared level of statistical significance of P < 0.05.RESULTS: There were significant differences in age(P < 0.001), weight(P < 0.001), and body mass index(P < 0.001) across the four clinical subgroups. Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) was significantly higher in the HCC group compared to controls(P < 0.001); serum α-fetoprotein was generally markedly elevated in HCC compared to controls; and serum creatinine levels were significantly reduced in the HCC group compared to the cirrhosis group(P = 0.004). A threefactor PCA scores plot showed clustering of the urinary NMR spectra from the four subgroups. Metabolites that contributed to the discrimination between the subgroups included acetate, creatine, creatinine, dimethyamine(DMA), formate, glycine, hippurate, and trimethylamine-N-oxide(TMAO). A comparison of relative metabolite levels confirmed that carnitine was significantly increased in HCC; and creatinine, hippurate, and TMAO were significantly reduced in HCC compared to the other subgroups. HBe Ag negative patients showed a significant increase in creatinine(P = 0.001) compared to HBe Ag positive patients in the chronic hepatitis B subgroup, whilst HBe Ag negative patients showed a significant decrease in DMA(P = 0.004) in the cirrhosis subgroup compared to HBe Ag positive patients. There were no differences in metabolite levels in HCC patients who did or did not receive antiviral treatment. CONCLUSION: Urinary NMR changes in Bangladeshi HCC were identified, corroborating previous findings from Egypt and West Africa. These findings could form the basis for the development of a cost-effective HCC dipstick screening test. | I Jane Cox Abil E Aliev Mary ME Crossey Mahvish Dawood Mamun Al-Mahtab Sheikh M Akbar Salimur Rahman Antonio Riva Roger Williams Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，16： | 4 |
| 4 | Evaluation,prognosis,and medical treatment considerations of metastatic bone tumors显示文摘 | Brage ME Simon MA | 1992 | Orthopedics1992，15，： | 1 |
| 5 | Chemorepellent axon guidance molecules in spinal cord injury显示文摘 | Simone P Niclou Erich ME Ehlert Joost verhaagen | 2006 | Journal of neurotrauma2006，23，34： | 1 |
| 6 | Percutaneous management of chronic mesenteric ischemia:outcomes after intervention显示文摘 | Landis MS Rajan DK Simons ME | 2005 | J Vasc Interv Radiol2005，16，： | 1 |
| 7 | Ethanol and the nervous system显示文摘 | Charness ME Simon RP Greenberg DA | 1989 | N Engl J Med1989，321，7： | 1 |
| 8 | Venous aneurysms in autogenous hemodialysis fistulas: is there an association with venous outflow stenosis 显示文摘 | RAJPUT A RAJAN DK SIMONS ME | 2013 | J Vasc Access2013，14，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Refining the definition of hypereosinophilie syndrome显示文摘 | Simon HU Rothenberg ME Bochner BS | 2010 | J Allergy Clin Immunol2010，126，1： | 1 |
| 10 | S-nitrosoglutathione reductase inhibition regulates allergen-induced lung inflammation and airway hyperreactivity显示文摘 | Ferrini ME Simons B J Bassett D J | 2013 | PloS one2013，8，70： | 1 |
| 11 | Percutaneous management of chronic mesenteric ischemia:outcomes after intervention显示文摘 | Landis MS Rajan DK Simons ME | 2005 | J Vasc Interv Radiol2005，16，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Organ-specific eosinophilic disorders of the skin, lung and gastrointestinal tract显示文摘 | Simon D Wardlaw A Rothenberg ME | 2010 | J Allergy Clin Immunol2010，126，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Relapse after cognitive behavior therapy of depression:potential implications for longer courses of treatment 显示文摘 | Thase ME Simons AD MeGeary J | 1992 | Am J Psychiatry1992，149，： | 1 |
| 14 | Dysfunction of the PI3K-Akt-GSK-3pathway is a common feature in cell culture and in vivo models of prion disease显示文摘 | Simon D Herva ME Benitez MJ | 2014 | Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol2014，40，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Refining the defini-tion of hypereosinophilic syndrome显示文摘 | Simon HU Rothenberg ME Bochner BS | 2010 | J Allergy Clin Immunol2010，126，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Refining the definition of hypereosinophilic syndrome显示文摘 | Simon HU Rothenberg ME Bochner BS | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 17 | Abnormal facial appearance,body asymmetry,limb deformities,and internal malformations显示文摘 | Oudesluijs G Simon ME Burggraaf RH | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 18 | Rhinoscleroma : case report显示文摘 | Simons ME Granato L Oliveira RC | 2006 | Braz J Otorhinolarygol2006，72，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Relapse after cognitive behavior therapy of depression: Potential implications for longer courses of treatment显示文摘 | Thase ME Simons AD McGeary J | 1992 | Am J Psychiatry1992，149，： | 1 |
| 20 | Refining the definition of hypereosinophilic syndrome 显示文摘 | Simon HU Rothenberg ME Bochner BS | 2010 | J Allergy Clin lm- munol2010，126，1： | 1 |
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