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| 1 | New insight in expression, transport, and secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor: Implications in brainrelated diseases显示文摘Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) attracts increasing attention from both research and clinical fields because of its important functions in the central nervous system. An adequate amount of BDNF is critical to develop and maintain normal neuronal circuits in the brain. Given that loss of BDNF function has beenreported in the brains of patients with neurodegenerative or psychiatric diseases, understanding basic properties of BDNF and associated intracellular processes is imperative. In this review, we revisit the gene structure, transcription, translation, transport and secretion mechanisms of BDNF. We also introduce implications of BDNF in several brain-related diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, depression and schizophrenia. | Naoki Adachi Tadahiro Numakawa Misty Richards Shingo Nakajima Hiroshi Kunugi | 2014 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2014，5，4： | 30 |
| 2 | Evaluation of the effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate in suppressing inflammation in mice with dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the effect of pyrrolidine dithio- carbamate (PDTC; an NF-κB inhibitor) administered at low (50 mg/kg) and high (100 mg/kg) doses in suppressing colitis in mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. METHODS: Mice were divided into a DSS-untreated group (normal group), DSS-treated control group, DSS+PDTC-treated groupⅠ(low-dose group), and DSS+PDTC-treated groupⅡ (high-dose group). In each group, the disease activity index score (DAI score), intestinal length, histological score, and the levels of activated NF-κB and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) in tissue were measured. RESULTS: The DSS+PDTC-treated groupⅡ exhibited suppression of shortening of intestinal length and reduction of DAI score. Activated NF-κB level and IL-1β and TNF-α levels were significantly lower in DSS+PDTC- treated groupⅡ. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that PDTC is useful for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. | Ichiro Hirata Shingo Yasumoto Ken Toshina Takuya Inoue Takashi Nishikawa Naoko Murano Mitsuyuki Murano Fang-Yu Wang Ken-ichi Katsu | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，11： | 20 |
| 3 | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatic cirrhosis: comparison with viral hepatitis-associated steatosis显示文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) is globally increasing and has become a world-wide health problem. Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus(HCV) is associated with hepatic steatosis. Viral hepatitis-associated hepatic steatosis is often caused by metabolic syndrome including obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or dyslipidemia. It has been reported that HCV genotype 3 exerts direct metabolic effects that lead to hepatic steatosis. In this review,the differences between NAFLD/NASH and viral hepatitis-associated steatosis are discussed. | Yuki Haga Tatsuo Kanda Reina Sasaki Masato Nakamura Shingo Nakamoto Osamu Yokosuka | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，46： | 20 |
| 4 | Cooperative function of antioxidant and redox systems against oxidative stress in male reproductive tissues显示文摘Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced under oxidative stress, such as high oxygen concentration and during the metabolic consumption of oxygen molecules. Male reproductive tissues appear to be continuously exposed to ROS produced by active metabolism. In addition, spermatozoa must pass through a high oxygen environ-ment during the mating process. Thus, to maintain viable reproductive ability, a protective mechanism against oxida-tive stress is of importance. Here, we overview our current understanding of the cooperative function of antioxidative and redox systems that are involved in male fertility. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase are major enzymes that scavenge harmful ROS in male reproductive organs. In turn, glutathione and thioredoxin systems constitute the main redox systems that repair oxidized and damaged molecules and also play a role in regulating a variety of cellular functions. While glutathione functions as an antioxidant by donating electrons to glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin donates electrons to peroxiredoxin as a counterpart of glutathione peroxidase. In addition,aldo-keto reductases, which detoxify carbonyl compounds produced by oxidative stress, are present at high levels in the epithelia of the genital tract and Sertoli cells of the testis. Since these systems are involved in cross-talk, a comprehensive understanding will be required to maintain the physiological functions of male reproductive system.( Asian J Andro12003 Sep; 5: 231-242) | Junichi Fujii Yoshihito Iuchi Shingo Matsuki Tatsuya Ishii | 2003 | Asian Journal of Andrology2003，5，3： | 19 |
| 5 | Antiviral therapies for chronic hepatitis C virus infection with cirrhosis显示文摘Patients who are infected with hepatitis C virus(HCV) and also have advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis have beenrecognized as 'difficult-to-treat' patients during an era when peginterferon and ribavirin combination therapy is the standard of care. Recent guidelines have clearly stated that treatment should be prioritized in this population to prevent complications such as decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent advances in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C have been achieved through the development of direct-acting antiviral agents(DAAs). Boceprevir and telaprevir are first-generation DAAs that inhibit the HCV NS3/4A protease. Boceprevir or telaprevir, in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin, improved the sustained virological response rates compared with peginterferon and ribavirin alone and were tolerated in patients with HCV genotype 1 infection without cirrhosis or compensated cirrhosis. However, the efficacy is lower especially in prior non-responders with or without cirrhosis. Furthermore, a high incidence of adverse events was observed in patients with advanced liver disease, including cirrhosis, in real-life settings. Current guidelines in the United States and in some European countries no longer recommend these regimens for the treatment of HCV. Next-generation DAAs include second-generation HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitors, HCV NS5 A inhibitors and HCV NS5 B inhibitors, which have a high efficacy and a lower toxicity. These drugs are used in interferon-free or in interferon-based regimens with or without ribavirin in combination with different classes of DAAs. Interferon-based regimens, such as simeprevir in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin, are well tolerated and are highly effective especially in treatmentnave patients and in patients who received treatment but who relapsed. The efficacy is less pronounced in nullresponders and in patients with cirrhosis. Interferonfree regimens in combination with ribavirin and/or two or more DAAs could be used for treatment-nave, treatment-experienced and even for interferon-ineligible or interferon-intolerant patients. Some clinical trials have demonstrated promising results, and have shown that the efficacy and safety were not different between patients with and without cirrhosis. There are also promising regimens for genotypes other than genotype 1. Interferonis contraindicated in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, and further studies are needed to establish the optimal treatment regimen for this population. In the future, interferon-free and ribavirin-free regimens with high efficacy and improved safety are expected for HCVinfected patients with advanced liver diseases. | Shingo Nakamoto Tatsuo Kanda Hiroshi Shirasawa Osamu Yokosuka | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，8： | 17 |
| 6 | 我国种植业保险的实施效果:基于5省份574个农户数据的模拟分析显示文摘利用我国5省份574个农户农业生产的微观数据,在作物单产和价格服从多元正态分布的假设下运用蒙特卡洛随机模拟技术构建标准化农户,从农户的视角出发利用幂函数效用评估模型对我国种植业保险实施效果及可能的改进方案进行了模拟分析。结果表明:中国种植业保险增加了农民福利,但仍需要进一步完善;政府提供45%以上的保费补贴是种植业保险顺利推行的必要条件;种植业保险的完善需要统筹考虑,单纯提高保险金额并不能有效提高我国种植业保险的效果。 | 王克 张峭 Shingo Kimura | 2014 | 保险研究2014，，11： | 15 |
| 7 | Comparative study of esomeprazole and lansoprazole in triple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Japan显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of esomeprazole-based triple therapy compared with lansoprazole therapy as first-line eradication therapy for patients with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)in usual post-marketing use in Japan,where the clarithromycin(CAM)resistance rate is 30%.METHODS:For this multicenter,randomized,openlabel,non-inferiority trial,we recruited patients(≥20years of age)with H.pylori infection from 20 hospitals in Japan.We randomly allocated patients to esomeprazole therapy(esomeprazole 20 mg,CAM 400 mg,amoxicillin(AC)750 mg for the first 7 d,with all drugs given twice daily)or lansoprazole therapy(lansoprazole30 mg,CAM 400 mg,AC 750 mg for the first 7 d,with all drugs given twice daily)using a minimization method with age,sex,and institution as adjustment factors.Our primary outcome was the eradication rate by intention-to-treat(ITT)and per-protocol(PP)analyses.H.pylori eradication was confirmed by a urea breath test from 4 to 8 wk after cessation of therapy.RESULTS:ITT analysis revealed the eradication rates of 69.4%(95%CI:61.2%-76.6%)for esomeprazole therapy and 73.9%(95%CI:65.9%-80.6%)for lansoprazole therapy(P=0.4982).PP analysis showed eradication rate of 76.9%(95%CI:68.6%-83.5%)for esomeprazole therapy and 79.8%(95%CI:71.9%-86.0%)for lansoprazole therapy(P=0.6423).There were no differences in adverse effects between the two therapies.CONCLUSION:Esomeprazole showed non-inferiority and safety in a 7 day-triple therapy for eradication of H.pylori compared with lansoprazole. | Tsutomu Nishida Masahiko Tsujii Hirohisa Tanimura Shusaku Tsutsui Shingo Tsuji Akira Takeda Atsuo Inoue Hiroyuki Fukui Toshiyuki Yoshio Osamu Kishida Hiroyuki Ogawa Masahide Oshita Ichizo Kobayashi Shinichiro Zushi Makoto Ichiba Naoto Uenoyama Yuichi Yasunaga Ryu Ishihara Mamoru Yura Masato Komori Satoshi Egawa Hideki Iijima Tetsuo Takehara | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，15： | 13 |
| 8 | Ghrelin and gastric acid secretion显示文摘Ghrelin, a novel growth hormone-releasing peptide, was originally isolated from rat and human stomach. Ghrelin has been known to increase the secretion of growth hormone (GH), food intake, and body weight gain when administered peripherally or centrally. Ghrelin is also known to stimulate the gastric motility and the secretion of gastric acid. In the previous studies, the action of ghrelin on acid secretion was shown to be as strong as that of histamine and gastrin in in-vivo experiment. In the studies, the mechanism for the action of ghrelin was also investigated. It was shown that vagotomy completely inhibited the action of ghrelin on the secretion of gastric acid suggesting that vagal nerve is involved in the mechanism for the action of ghrelin on acid secretion. As famotidine did not inhibit ghrelin-in-duced acid secretion in the study by Masuda et al, they concluded that histamine was not involved in the action of ghrelin on acid secretion. However, we have shown that famotidine completely inhibited ghrelin-induced acid secretion and histidine decarboxylase (HDC) mRNA was increased in gastric mucosa by ghrelin injection which is inhibited by vagotomy Our results indicate that histamine is involved in the action of ghrelin on acid secretion. Furthermore synergistic action of gastrin and ghrelin on gastric acid secretion was shown. Although gastrin has important roles in postprandial secretion of gastric acid, ghrelin may be related to acid secretion during fasting period or at night. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the physiological role of ghrelin in acid secretion. | Koji Yakabi Junichi Kawashima Shingo Kato | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，41： | 13 |
| 9 | Comparison of endoscopic stenting for malignant biliary obstruction: A single-center study显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of single-step endoscopic placement of self-expandable metallic stents(SEMS) for treatment of obstructive jaundice.METHODS: A retrospective study was performed among 90 patients who underwent transpapillary biliary metallic stent placement for malignant biliary obstruction(MBO) between April 2005 and October 2012. The diagnosis of primary disease and MBO was based on abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic ultrasound, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with brush cytology, biopsy, and/or a combination of these modalities. The type of SEMS(covered or non-covered, 8 mm or 10 mm in diameter) was determined by the endoscopist. Ninety patients were divided into two groups: group 1(49 patients) who underwent a singlestep SEMS placement and group 2(41 patients) who underwent a two-step SEMS placement. The technical success rate, complication rate, stent patency, and patient survival rate were compared between the groups. In addition, to identify the clinical prognostic factors associated with patient survival, the following variables were evaluated in Cox-regression analysis: gender, age, etiology of MBO(pancreatic cancer or nonpancreatic cancer), clinical stage(Ⅳb; with distant metastases or Ⅳa >; without distant metastases), chemotherapy(with or without), patency of the stent, and the use of single-step or two-step SEMS. RESULTS: Immediate technical success was achieved in 93.9%(46/49) in group 1 and in 95.1%(39/41) in group 2, with no significant difference(P = 1.0). Similarly, there was no difference in the complication rates between the groups(group 1, 4.1% and group 2, 4.9%; P = 0.62). Stent failure was observed in 10 cases in group 1(20.4%) and in 16 cases in group 2(39.0%). The patency of stent and patient survival revealed no difference between the two groups with Kaplan-Meier analysis, with a mean patency of 111 ± 17 d in group 1 and 137 ± 19 d in group 2(P = 0.91), and a mean survival of 178 ± 35 d in group 1 and 222 ± 23 d in group 2(P = 0.57). On the contrary, the number of days of hospitalization associated with first-time SEMS placement in group 1 was shorter when compared with that number in group 2(28 vs 39 d; P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that a clinical stage of Ⅳa >(P = 0.0055), chemotherapy(P = 0.0048), and no patency of the stent(P = 0.011) were independent prognostic factors associated with patient survival.CONCLUSION: Our results showed that single-step endoscopic metal stent placement was safe and effective for treating obstructive jaundice secondary to various inoperable malignancies. | Ryuichi Yamamoto Masatomo Takahashi Yasuyo Osafune Katsuya Chinen Shingo Kato Sumiko Nagoshi Koji Yakabi | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，9： | 12 |
| 10 | Hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitors and drug resistance mutations显示文摘Some direct-acting antiviral agents for hepatitis C virus(HCV),such as telaprevir and boceprevir have been available since 2011.It was reported that HCV NS5A is associated with interferon signaling related to HCV replication and hepatocarcinogenesis.HCV NS5A inhibitors efficiently inhibited HCV replication in vitro.Human studies showed that dual,triple and quad regimens with HCV NS5A inhibitors,such as daclatasvir and ledipasvir,in combination with other direct-acting antiviral agents against other regions of HCV with or without peginterferon/ribavirin,could efficiently inhibit HCV replication according to HCV genotypes.These combinations might be a powerful tool for'difficult-to-treat'HCV-infected patients.'First generation'HCV NS5A inhibitors such as daclatasvir,ledipasvir and ABT-267,which are now in phaseⅢclinical trials,could result in resistance mutations.'Second generation'NS5A inhibitors such as GS-5816,ACH-3102,and MK-8742,have displayed improvements in the genetic barrier while maintaining potency.HCV NS5A inhibitors are safe at low concentrations,which make them attractive for use despite low genetic barriers,although,in fact,HCV NS5A inhibitors should be used with HCV NS3/4A inhibitors,HCV NS5B inhibitors or peginterferon plus ribavirin.This review article describes HCV NS5A inhibitor resistance mutations and recommends that HCV NS5A inhibitors be used in combination regimens potent enough to prevent the emergence of resistant variants. | Shingo Nakamoto Tatsuo Kanda Shuang Wu Hiroshi Shirasawa Osamu Yokosuka | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，11： | 12 |
| 11 | Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with severe intratumoral arterioportal shunt显示文摘We report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that caused a severe arterioportal shunt (APS). A 49-year-old man was admitted to hospital due to esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage and HCC, and underwent endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) and endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS). He was then referred to our hospital. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a lowdensity lesion in the posterior segment of the liver and an intratumoral APS, which caused portal hypertension. Although the patient underwent EVL, EIS, Hassab’s operation, and transcatheter arterial embolization for APS, he vomited blood due to rupture of esophagogastric varices. Right hepatectomy was performed for the treatment of HCC and APS, although the indocyanine green retention value at 15 min after intravenous injection was poor (30%). The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful. Eventually, APS disappeared and the esophagogastric varices improved. | Hiromichi Ishii Teruhisa Sonoyama Shingo Nakashima Hiroyuki Nagata Atsushi Shiozaki Yoshiaki Kuriu Hisashi Ikoma Masayoshi Nakanishi Daisuke Ichikawa Hitoshi Fujiwara Kazuma Okamoto Toshiya Ochiai Yukihito Kokuba Chohei Sakakura Eigo Otsuji | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，25： | 11 |
| 12 | Pink-color sign in esophageal squamous neoplasia, and speculation regarding the underlying mechanism显示文摘AIM:To investigate the reasons for the occurrence of the pink-color sign of iodine-unstained lesions. METHODS:In chromoendoscopy, the pink-color sign of iodine-unstained lesions is recognized as useful for the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Patients with superficial esophageal neoplasms treated by endoscopic resection were included in the study. Areas of mucosa with and without the pink-color sign were evaluated histologically. The following histologic features that were possibly associated with the pinkcolor sign were evaluated. The keratinous layer and basal cell layer were classified as present or absent. Cellular atypia was classified as high grade, moderate grade or low grade, based on nuclear irregularity, mitotic figures, loss of polarity, chromatin pattern and nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. Vascular change was assessed based on dilatation, tortuosity, caliber change and variability in shape. Vessels with these four findings were classified as positive for vascular change. Endoscopic images of the lesions were captured immediately after iodine staining, 2-3 min after iodine staining and after complete fading of iodine staining. Quantitative analysis of color changes after iodine staining was also performed. RESULTS:A total of 61 superficial esophageal neoplasms in 54 patients were included in the study. The lesions were located in the cervical esophagus in one case, the upper thoracic esophagus in 10 cases, the mid-thoracic esophagus in 33 cases, and the lower thoracic esophagus in 17 cases. The median diameter of the lesions was 20 mm (range:2-74 mm). Of the 61 lesions, 28 were classified as pink-color sign positive and 33 as pink-color sign negative. The histologic diagnosis was high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) or cancer invading into the lamina propria in 26 of the 28 pink-color sign positive lesions. There was a significant association between pink-color sign positive epithelium and HGIN or invasive cancer (P = 0.0001). Univariate analyses found that absence of the keratinous layer and cellular atypia were significantly associated with the pink-color sign. After Bonferroni correction, there were no significant associations between the pink-color sign and presence of the basal membrane or vascular change. Multivariate analyses found that only absence of the keratinous layer was independently associated with the pink-color sign (OR = 58.8, 95%CI:5.5-632).Quantitative analysis was performed on 10 superficial esophageal neoplasms with both pink-color sign positive and negative areas in 10 patients. Pink-color sign positive mucosa had a lower mean color value in the late phase (pinkish color) than in the early phase (yellowish color), and had similar mean color values in the late and final phases. These findings suggest that pinkcolor positive mucosa underwent color fading from the color of the iodine (yellow) to the color of the mucosa (pink) within 2-3 min after iodine staining. Pink-color sign negative mucosa had similar mean color values in the late and early phases (yellowish color), and had a lower mean color value in the final phase (pinkish color) than in the late phase. These findings suggest that pink-color sign negative mucosa did not undergo color fading during the 2-3 min after iodine staining, and underwent color fading only after spraying of sodium thiosulfate. CONCLUSION:The pink-color sign was associated with absence of the keratinous layer. This sign may be caused by early fading of iodine staining. | Ryu Ishihara Hiromitsu Kanzaki Hiroyasu Iishi Kengo Nagai Fumi Matsui Takeshi Yamashina Noriko Matsuura Takashi Ito Mototsugu Fujii Sachiko Yamamoto Noboru Hanaoka Yoji Takeuchi Koji Higashino Noriya Uedo Masaharu Tatsuta Yasuhiko Tomita Shingo Ishiguro | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，27： | 10 |
| 13 | Is hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy effective treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma resistant to transarterial chemoembolization?显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) resistant to transarterial chemoembolization(TACE).METHODS:This study was conducted on 42 patients who received HAIC for advanced HCC between 2001and 2010 at our hospital.5-fluorouracil(5-FU) was administered continuously for 24 h from day 1 to day 5 every 2-4 wk via an injection reservoir.Intra-arterial cisplatin or subcutaneous interferon was administered in combination with the 5-FU.The patients enrolled in this retrospective study were divided into two groups according to whether or not they fulfilled the criteria for resistance to TACE proposed by the Japan Society of Hepatology in 2010(written in Japanese);one group of patients who did not fulfill the criteria for TACE resistance(group A,n = 23),and another group who fulfilled the criteria for TACE resistance(group B,n = 19).We compared the outcomes in terms of the response and survival rates between the two groups.RESULTS:Both the response rate and tumor suppression rate following HAIC were significantly superior in group A than in group B(response rate:48% vs 16%,P = 0.028,tumor suppression rate:87% vs 53%,P = 0.014).Furthermore,both the progression-free survival rate and survival time were significantly superior in group A than in group B(3-,6-,12-,and 24-mo = 83%,70%,29% and 20% vs 63%,42%,16% and 0%,respectively,P = 0.040,and 9.8 mo vs 6.2 mo,P = 0.040).A multivariate analysis(Cox proportional hazards regression model) showed that resistance to TACE was an independent predictor of poor survival(P = 0.007).CONCLUSION:HAIC administrating 5-FU was not effective against advanced HCC resistant to TACE.Other tools for treatment,i.e.,molecular-targeting agents may be considered for these cases. | Hiroyuki Kirikoshi Masato Yoneda Hironori Mawatari Koji Fujita Kento Imajo Shingo Kato Kaori Suzuki Noritoshi Kobayashi Kensuke Kubota Shin Maeda Atsushi Nakajima Satoru Saito | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，16： | 9 |
| 14 | Irsogladine maleate and rabeprazole in non-erosive reflux disease: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of adding irsogladine maleate(IM) to proton-pump inhibitor(PPI) therapy in non-erosive reflux disease(NERD) treatment.METHODS:One hundred patients with NERD were recruited and randomized to receive rabeprazole plus IM(group I) or rabeprazole plus placebo(group P).The efficacy of the treatment was assessed using the Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(FSSG) and the short form(SF)-36 quality of life questionnaires after four weeks of treatment.We also assessed whether patients with NERD with minimal changes(grade M) had different responses to the therapies compared with patients who did not have minimal changes(grade N).RESULTS:Group I and group P showed significant improvements in their FSSG scores after the treatment(from 17.9 ± 7.9 to 9.0 ± 7.6, and from 17.7 ± 7.3 to 11.2 ± 7.9, respectively, P = 0.0001), but there was no statistically significant difference between the FSSG scores in group I and those in group P.Subgroup analysis showed that significant improvements in the FSSG scores occurred in the patients in group I who had NERD grade N(modified Los Angeles classification)(7.8 ± 7.4 vs 12.5 ± 9.8, P = 0.041).The SF-36 scores for patients with NERD grade N who had received IM and rabeprazole were significantly improved in relation to their vitality and mental health scores.CONCLUSION:The addition of IM to rabeprazole significantly improves gastroesophageal reflux diseasesymptoms and the quality of the lives of patients with NERD grade N. | Takayoshi Suzuki Masashi Matsushima Aya Masui Shingo Tsuda Jin Imai Jun Nakamura Yoko Tsukune Tetsufumi Uchida Hiroki Yuhara Muneki Igarashi Jun Koike Tetsuya Mine | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，16： | 8 |
| 15 | Double-balloon endoscopy in the diagnosis and management of GI tract diseases:Methodology,indications,safety,and clinical impact显示文摘AIM: To prospectively evaluate the indications, method-ology, safety, and clinical impact of double-balloon en-doscopy.METHODS: A total of 60 patients with suspected or documented small- or large-bowel diseases were investi-gated by double balloon endoscopy. A total of 103 proce-dures were performed (42 from the oral route, 60 from the anal route, and 1 from the stoma route). The main outcome measurements were the time of insertion and the entire examination, complications, diagnostic yields, and the ability to successfully perform treatment.RESULTS: Observation of the entire small intestine was possible in 10 (40%) of 25 patients with total enteros-copy. The median insertion time was 122 min (range, 74-199 min). Observation of the entire colon was possi-ble in 13 (93%) of 14 patients after failure of total colo-noscopy using a conventional colonoscope. Small-intes-tine abnormalities were found in 20 (43%) of 46 patients with indications of suspected or documented small bowel diseases, obscure GI tract bleeding, or a history of ileus. Endoscopic procedures including tattooing (n = 33), bite biopsy (n = 17), radiographic examination (n = 7), EUS (n = 5), hemostasis (n = 1), polypectomy (n = 5), balloon dilatation (n = 1), endoscopic mucosal resection (n = 1) and lithotripsy (n = 1) were all successfully performed. No relevant technical problems or severe complications were encountered.CONCLUSION: Double balloon endoscopy is a feasible technique that allows adequate small and large bowel examination and potentially various endoscopic proce-dures of small-intestinal lesions. It is safe, useful, and also provides a high clinical impact. | Kazuya Akahoshi Masaru Kubokawa Masahiro Matsumoto Shingo Endo Yasuaki Motomura Jiro Ouchi Mitsuhide Kimura Atsuhiko Murata Michiaki Murayama | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，47： | 8 |
| 16 | Impact of metastatic lymph node ratio in node-positive colorectal cancer显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the most common malignant diseases in the world.Presently,the most widely used staging system for CRC is the tumor nodes metastasis classification system,which classifies patients into prognostic groups according to the depth of the primary tumor,presence of regional lymph node(LN) metastases,and evidence of distant metastatic spread.The number of LNs with confirmed metastasis is related to the severity of the disease,but this number depends on the number of LNs retrieved,which varies depending on patient age,tumor grade,surgical extent,and tumor site.Numerous studies and a recent structured review have demonstrated associated improvements in the survival of CRC patients with increasing numbers of LNs retrieved for examination.Hence,the impact of lymph node ratio(LNR),defined as the number of metastatic LNs divided by the number of LNs retrieved,has been investigated in various malignancies,including CRC.In this editorial,we review the literature demonstrating the clinicopathological significance of LNR in CRC pati-ents.Some reports have indicated the advantage of considering the LNR compared to the number of LNs retrieved and/or LN status.When the LNR is taken into consideration for survival analysis,the number of LNs retrieved and/or the LN status is not always found to be a prognostic factor.The cut-off points for LNRs were proposed in numerous studies.However,optimal thresholds for LNRs have not yet received consensus.It is still unclear whether the LNR has more prognostic validity than N stage.For all these reasons,the potential advantages of LNRs in the staging system should be investigated in large prospective data sets. | Shingo Noura Masayuki Ohue Shingo Kano Tatsushi Shingai Terumasa Yamada Isao Miyashiro Hiroaki Ohigashi Masahiko Yano Osamu Ishikawa | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2010，2，3： | 7 |
| 17 | Coexistence of esophageal superficial carcinoma and multiple leiomyomas:A case report显示文摘平滑肌瘤是食管的最普通的良性瘤。他们通常作为单个损害或作为二或三个小瘤发生。仅仅包括超过 10 个小瘤的食道的多重平滑肌瘤的二个案例以前被报导了。而且,有食道的有鳞的房间癌覆闷死粘膜下层肿瘤的很少报告。我们描述作为有表面的食道的癌症与二或三个平滑肌瘤小瘤共存被诊断的一个 71 岁的人。在外科期间, 10 或一直不外科手术前地是明显的更多的小瘤在整个食管在粘膜下层和肌层是摸得出的。当食道的癌症的内部转移被怀疑,我们认为另外的淋巴是腺切除术,但是因为病人的严重血缺氧,不得不排除这种选择。显微镜检查表明所有小瘤是平滑肌瘤(20 损害,在直径的多达 3 厘米) ,并且癌房间的那侵略被限制到粘膜下层层 overlying 一个相对大的平滑肌瘤。这是与众多的独居的平滑肌瘤共存的表面的食道的癌症的第一份报告。多重极小的平滑肌瘤经常也在一个癌损害罐头的底作为内部转移,和一个平滑肌瘤被误诊作为肿瘤侵略被误诊。现在的案例证明那精确诊断与共存为病人的管理被要求表面的食道的癌症和多重平滑肌瘤。 | Takeshi Iwaya Chihaya Maesawa Noriyuki Uesugi Toshimoto Kimura Kenichiro Ikeda Yusuke Kimura Shingo Mitomo Kaoru Ishida Nobuhiro Sato Go Wakabayashi | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，28： | 7 |
| 18 | Different natural courses of chronic hepatitis B with genotypes B and C after the fourth decade of life显示文摘AIM: To investigate the different impact of genotypes B and C on the development of liver cirrhosis (LC) among different age groups of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CH-B). METHODS: We examined the outcome of 121 patients with CH-B, divided by age and genotype. Univariate analyses were used to compare different groups. The Cox proportional hazard model was employed to evaluate factors affecting the development of LC. RESULTS: In patients < 30 years old, there were no significant predictors for development of LC. However, in patients ≥ 30 years old, genotype C was the only significant predictor. In the genotype C group, 8 of 12 patients who progressed to LC were 30-49 years old at initial diagnosis of chronic hepatitis (7 patients were positive for HBeAg). In the genotype B group, 4 of 8 patients who developed LC were ≥ 50 years old at initial diagnosis and were HBeAg-negative. CONCLUSION: The rate of development of LC was comparable in patients infected with genotypes B and C when CH-B occurred at < 30 years old. However, CH-B patients infected with genotype C showed poor prognosis if they were 30-49 years old and were positive for HBeAg. Age-specific natural course of CH-B should be considered when patients with CH-B are treated with antiviral drugs. | Tatsuji Maeshiro Shingo Arakaki Takako Watanabe Hajime Aoyama Joji Shiroma Tsuyoshi Yamashiro Tetsuo Hirata Akira Hokama Fukunori Kinjo Tomofumi Nakayoshi Tomokuni Nakayoshi Masashi Mizokami Jiro Fujita Hiroshi Sakugawa | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，34： | 7 |
| 19 | Phosphorylation switch modulates the interdigitated pattern of PIN1 localization and cell expansion in Arabidopsis leaf epidermis显示文摘在多细胞的纸巾以内,房间可以并列地形成一单个或多重的极的轴,而是它是不清楚的普通机制是否管理极的轴形成的不同类型。大头针蛋白质的 phosphorylation 地位,被 PINOID (PID ) 蛋白质 kinase 和 PP2A 蛋白质磷酸酶直接影响,被知道在根和射击顶的双极的房间调整大头针本地化的顶端基础的极性。这里,我们提供证据 phosphorylation 调停地位的大头针极性开关广泛地被用来与交错的脑叶和缩进包括多极的人行道房间(PC ) 在 Arabidopsis 调制细胞的进程。当 FYPP1 基因,编码称为联系 phytochrome 的 serine/threonine 蛋白质磷酸酶的 PP2A,被击倒时或当 PID 基因是 overexpressed (35S::PID ) 时, PC interdigitation 的度也极大地被减少。这些基因修正引起了 PIN1 本地化从脑叶切换到缩进区域。PP2A 和 PID 调停了 PIN1 本地化切换惊人地类似于他们在另外的房间的大头针蛋白质的顶端基础的极性开关的规定。我们的调查结果为 PIN1 极性形成,在织物 / 器官两个都为模式形成是关键的一个基本细胞的过程和细胞的层次的规定建议普通机制。 | Hongjiang Li Deshu Lin Pankaj Dhonukshe Shingo Nagawa Dandan Chen Jifi Friml Ben Scheres Hongwei Guo Zhenbiao Yang | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，6： | 7 |
| 20 | Helicobacter pylori eradication to prevent gastric cancer: underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms显示文摘众多的细胞、分子的事件在胃的癌症的开发被描述了。在这篇文章,我们 Helicobacter pylori (H pylori ) 的 overviewed 角色一些在胃的致癌作用的重要事件上的感染并且讨论了这些细胞、分子的事件是否在感染的痊愈以后是可逆的。有几个细菌的部件,影响胃的致癌作用的胃的上皮的动力学和提升。细菌也增加基因不稳定性和变化的风险由于没有并且另外的反应的氧种类。肿瘤的渐成说 silencing 压制或象 RUNX3 那样的基因可以与肠的组织变形改变那些的胃腺的显型变化的频率。象生长因素, cytokines 和 COX-2 的增加的表示那样的主机因素也在 H pylori 积极的题目在非癌的织物被报导了。大多数上述现象在感染的痊愈以后被颠倒,是引人注目的。然而,他们的一些包括在 COX-2 的表示上继续存在并且可以为致癌作用增加风险在甚至在成功的 H pylori 根除以后遇见了无形或发育异常的的粘膜。因此, H pylori 根除不能完全为胃的致癌作用废除风险。胃的癌症取决于预定和目标人口的在压制的感染的痊愈的效率,和保证推进调查。 | Shingo Tsuji Masahiko Tsujii Hiroaki Murata Tsutomu Nishida Masato Komori Masakazu Yasumaru Shuji Ishii Yoshiaki Sasayama Sunao Kawano Norio Hayashi | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，11： | 7 |
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