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| 1 | Controlling Non-Point Source Pollution in Australian Agricultural Systems显示文摘The Australian farming sector is continuing to intensify, particularly within 300 km of the east and southern coastlines. In the future there will be fewer and larger farms, which will use more fertilizer, support more stock, grow more monoculture crops, and utilise more marginal soils. This is likely to increase the major environmental impacts of soil degradation, salt, nutrient and sediment contamination of waterways, and greenhouse gas emissions. Australian national water policy continues to focus on land, stream and groundwater salinity issues, although there is now a greater recognition of the importance of nitrogen and phosphorus losses from agriculture. The general philosophy of policy for dealing with non- point source pollution has been towards a voluntary rather than regulatory approach, with state and national governments supporting a range of programs to encourage sustainable agricultural practices. A catchment (watershed) based approach, through the use of integrated catchment management plans, is the primary way that non-point source pollution is addressed at the farm and local level. At an industry level, cotton, grains, meat, sugarcane and dairy amongst others, as well as the Australian fertilizer industry, have responded to non-point source issues by investing in research and development, and developing codes of practice aimed at abating these environmental impacts. Understanding the economic, social, political and cultural contexts of farming as well as the environmental impacts of agriculture are very important in determining the appropriateness of policy responses for Australian farming systems. | C. GOURLEY A. RIDLEY | 2005 | Pedosphere2005，15，6： | 10 |
| 2 | Oil-bearing fluid inclusions from the Palaeoproterozoic:A review of biogeochemical results from time-capsules >2.0 Ga old显示文摘The observation of oil inclusions trapped prior to 2.0 Ga in Palaeoproterozoic rocks and the ability to obtain detailed molecular geochemical information from them provide a robust way for understanding the early biogeochemical evolution of the Earth. Oil-bearing fluid inclusions (FI) in ca. 2.45 Ga fluvial metaconglomerate of the Matinenda Formation at Elliot Lake, Canada were trapped in quartz and feldspar during diagenesis and early metamorphism of the host rock, probably before ca. 2.2 Ga. The 2.1 Ga FA Formation sandstone of the Franceville Basin in Gabon that hosts the Oklo natural fission reactors has also been discovered to contain abundant Palaeoproterozoic oil-bearing FIs. This oil occurs within H2O and CO2-dominated inclusions trapped in syntaxial quartz overgrowths and intragranular and transgranular microfractures in detrital quartz, and was most likely trapped 2.1-1.98 Ga. Molecular geochemical analyses of both FI oils reveal a wide range of compounds, including n-alkanes, isoprenoids, monomethylalkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and trace amounts of complex multi-ring biomarkers including terpanes, hopanes, methylhopanes, steranes and diasteranes. To ensure a reliable interpretation of oil inclusions, a comprehensive series of outside-rinse blanks and procedural system blanks was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; quantitative amounts of the hydrocarbons in these blanks were compared to the FI extracts, so as to provide confidence limits on the experimental integrity of each compound class. Maturity ratios based on reliably detected compound classes show that the FI oils were generated in the oil window, with no evidence of extensive thermal cracking. The presence of biomarkers for cyanobacteria and eukaryotes derived from and trapped in rocks deposited prior to 2.0 Ga is consistent with early evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis and suggests that some aquatic settings had become sufficiently oxygenated for sterol biosynthesis by this time. The extraction of biomarker molecules from Palaeoproterozoic oil-bearing FIs thus establishes a new method, using low detection limits and system blank levels, to trace evolution through Earth's early history that avoids the potential contamination problems affecting shale-hosted hydrocarbons. | Simon C. GEORGE Adriana DUTKIEWICZ Herbert VOLK John RIDLEY David J. MOSSMAN Roger BUICK | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Comparative study of a substorm event by satellite observation and model simulation显示文摘A substorm event has been simulated for the first time by using SWMF (Space Weather Modeling Framework) developed by the University of Michigan. The model results have been validated using Geotail and Cluster satellite observations. The substorm onset occurs at 22:08 UT on September 28, 2004, as identified from FUV WIC observations on the NASA IMAGE spacecraft. SWMF can couple effectively the magnetosphere, inner magnetosphere and ionosphere processes and is driven by the solar wind and IMF (Interplanetary Magnetic Field) parameters, which are measured by ACE satellite and time delayed to the upstream boundary of the model. It shows that (1) SWMF can predict well the large-scale variations of the magnetospheric magnetic field and ionospheric currents during the substorm event; and (2) the accuracy of the time delay of the solar wind from ACE to the outer boundary of the model has great effects on the model results. Finally, the substorm trigger mechanism has been discussed and the way of improvement of the model has been pointed out. | RIDLEY A J | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，9： | 2 |
| 4 | Nutritional therapy in patients with acute pancreatitis requiring critical care unit management: A prospective observational study in Australia and New Zealand显示文摘 | Andrew R. Davies Siouxzy S. Morrison Emma J. Ridley Michael Bailey Merrilyn D. Banks David J. Cooper Gil Hardy Kerry McIlroy Andrew Thomson | 2011 | Critical Care Medicine2011，，3： | 2 |
| 5 | Geochemistry of oil in fluid inclusions in a middle Proterozoic igneous intrusion: implications for the source of hydrocarbons in crystalline rocks 显示文摘 | Dutkiewicz A Volk H Ridley J | 2004 | Organic Geochemistry2004，35，8： | 1 |
| 6 | Cell migration: integrating signals from front to back 显示文摘 | Ridley AJ Schwartz MA Burridge K | 2003 | Science2003，302，5651： | 1 |
| 7 | Ezrin/radixin/moesin proteins and Rho GTPase signalling in leucocytes显示文摘 | RIDLEY A J | 2004 | Immunology2004，112，： | 1 |
| 8 | Is the Arctic surface layer a source and sink of NOx in winter/spring? 显示文摘 | Ridley B Walega J Montzka D | 2000 | JAtmos Chem2000，36，： | 1 |
| 9 | Assessment of cognitive and motor deficits in a marmoset model of stroke 显示文摘 | Marshall JW Ridley RM | 2003 | ILAR J2003，44，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Molecular Switches in Metastasis 显示文摘 | Ridley A | 2000 | Nature2000，406，： | 1 |
| 11 | Typing of Listeria monocytogenes for epidemiological studies using DNA probes显示文摘 | SAUNDERS N A RIDLEY A M TAYLOR A G | 1989 | Acta Microbiol Hung1989，，36： | 1 |
| 12 | Mammalian Rho GTPases:new insights into their functions from in vivo studies显示文摘 | Heasman S J Ridley A J | 2008 | Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol2008，9，9： | 1 |
| 13 | Molecular epidemiology of antibiotic resistance genes in multiresistant epidemic Salmonella typhimurium DT104 显示文摘 | Threlfall EJ | 1998 | Microb Drug Resist1998，4，： | 1 |
| 14 | Separation of copper, iron and zinc from complex aqueous solutions for isotopic measure- ment显示文摘 | BORROK D M WANTY R B RIDLEY W I | 2007 | Chemical Geology2007，242，34： | 1 |
| 15 | Access to hematin: the basis of chloroquine resistance 显示文摘 | Bray PG Mungthin M Ridley RG | 1998 | Mol Pharmacol1998，54，1： | 1 |
| 16 | New cytotoxic steroidal alkaloids from the Philippine sponge Corticium niger显示文摘 | Ridley CP Faulkner DJ | 2003 | J Nat Prod2003，66，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Implantation of the humanembryo requires Rac I-dependent endometrial stromal cell migration显示文摘 | Grewal S Carver J G Ridley A J | 2008 | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2008，105，16： | 1 |
| 18 | Rho GTPases in cancer cell biology显示文摘 | Vega FM Ridley AJ | 2008 | FEBS letters2008，582，14： | 1 |
| 19 | Rocks: multifunctional kinases in cell behaviour 显示文摘 | Riento K Ridley AJ | 2003 | Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol2003，4，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Separation of cop- per, iron, and zinc from complex aqueous solutions for iso- topic measurement显示文摘 | Borrok D Wanty R B Ridley W I | 2007 | Chemical Geology2007，242，3： | 1 |
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